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............................................................................................................................................

1. ......................................................................................................2

1.1. ..................................................................................................................3

2. ..............................................................................................4

2.1. .................................................................................................5

2.2. ....................................................................................................5

3. ..............................................................................................6

4. ......................................................................................................................8

5. ...................................................................................................10

5.1. O2......................................................................................................................10

5.2. ................................................................................................................12

5.3. (IV)- ...................................................................12

5.4. .............................................................................................................14

5.5. ................................................................................................................15

5.6. ............................................................................................................15

..................................................................................................................................17

...............................................................................................................................18

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519.000 km3 ;
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99.000 km3 , ( 62.000 km3 )
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1.1.

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3
2.

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11,19% 88,81%.
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5.1. O2


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25 C, 8,3mg/l .
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5mg/l.
3mg/l.

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5.2.

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. pH 5 9
. pH < 5 ,
( pH > 9 ).

12
5.3. (IV)- .

(IV)- ,
. C2+H2C3,
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(IV)-
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60 .
0,5 2,
20 30 mg/dm3, ( 50 mg/dm3
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H2C3 HC3- +H+ HC3 - C3 2- + H+

- (HC3-)
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pH. .
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pH 8,4. - C2+,
2+
C3 CC3.
HC3-.

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CC3-. 20C
1 = 3,8 10-7, 2 = 5,61
10 -11.
,
.

13

:

C2 + H2 H2C3 H+ + HCO3- 2H+ + CO3 2-

pH .

pH .
pH ( pH < 4,2 )
. pH ( 4,2 8,3 )
.
pH,
. pH 8,3 8,4
. pH > 8,4
pH > 12 .

5.4.

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( NH4+ , N2-, N3- )

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. mg/dm3.

14
( ,
mg/dm3 ) ( -
H2P4- HP4 2- ).

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0,3 mg/dm3, ,
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dm3.
mg/dm3.

5.5.

1 mg/dm3 .
, ,
.
:
- ( Li+, Rb+, Cs+, Ba2+, Sr2+ );
- ( Cu2+, g+, Ni2+, Cd2+ );
- ( Cr, ,V );
- ( I-, F-, Br- )
- .

5.6.

15
.
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.

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40-70% .
80-95%
, 5-20% , , , ,
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( . , . 46/91 ) ''
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17
,
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. , 1990.

www.grf.bg.ac.yu

www.rgf.bc.ac.rs

www.mrzs.org

www.cst.co.yu

hemija.chem.bg.ac.rs

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