Daniel F.S Hanoi University of Technology Ly thuyét mach KHAI NIEM CO BAN 72. Nguon dong: P=UI<0 Ly tong: Ri Ly tong: Ri=0 . Khong ly tuéng: Ri # Khéng ly tuong: Ri # 0 Cine | [Ri rt| | Cong thite phan dong: Céng thite phan 4p: E I Ri>Rt xt U x Rt -BLERL E Ri 12. Ngudn dp phy thudc vio dong (AD) T = - Ri Ri K E rl “4. Ngudn dong phy thudc vio dong (DD) T [T Ry 1 wR oT = 1 aH#s =— oR. 2. Dign cam: t) . r ° di oi 9 ——S uO = Lae u) 1 i= > ude Ww P(Hdt 1 u(t) t i(Qdt Dau (+) khi 2 dong cling chay vao (hodc ra) dau cing tén (*), Dau cing tén thé hign chiéu quan day. w Page 1Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology f= +joMI"+ joLT Suit dign dong Ect =B .cos(wt+@)+j£ .sinott+@ ) Néu tac dong la cos: e(t) = ReE Néu tc d9ng 1a sin: e(t) = ImE Dinh luat Ohm i Tro khang eC izle ” ] * Z=[Zlcosp +jlZ[sinp =R+jX ‘Dan nap Y=—e y= 1¥le Y=[Ylcosp +lYisinp =G+jB Dien tr U eZer eye Dign cam a jolt «© Z =joL=jX (X =ol) | *¥=—=-jBI (BI=— | [Dane vocpino ot | eZ == 5IK1 KK I= Y B (B =wC) Ho cam © U SjoL 1) + joMl U Zz = joM =jX Page 2Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology CAC PHUONG PHAP PHAN TICH MACH DIEN Dinh Wit Kirchoff I: Téng dai sé cde dong tai 1 mit bang 0. ~ Lay dau (+) khi ding chay ra khoi nit - Lay dau (-) khi dong chay vao nit Ww luat Kirchoff II: Téng dai sé cdc dign dp trén cdc nhanh trong 1 vong kin bing 0. IIl/ Phuong phép dign 4p nut: Co sé: Dinh ludt Kirchoff 1 - An sé trung gian: Dién dp nuit - An sé cudi ciing: Dong dign trén cde nhanh’ > Dig céng thie bién déi mit 48 tinh dang dién cdc nhénh tit dién dp cic mit. ‘ich lam: " " Chon nit géc bing OV | - Vit phuong trinh cho cde mit, véi én s6 1d dign thé ede mit: + Vé trai: Lay dign dp nuit dang xét nhan véi tong din nap thuée nat 46, ri trir di cdc tich gitra dign ap nit lin en véi din nap chung cia mit lan can va mit dang xét © Vé phai: Téng dai sé cdc ngudn ding dug bién adi tir cdc nguén 4p duge ndi vao mit dang xét. Dau (+) khi chigu cia ngudén dong chi vao mit dang xét. Dau (-) khi chiéu cita nguén dong di ra khdi nit dang xét. Gidi hé cde phwong trinh vita viét, Ding cdc cdng thite bién d6i mit dé tim ding dign trén c&e nhanh, ‘dy: ChonU =0 Viét phurong trinh ede nit: fit A: UY +¥ +¥)-U.Y -U.0-U.Y =—- tt B: UY +U (Y +¥ +¥)-U.Y -U.0 Nit C:-U .O-U.Y +U (Y +Y +¥)-ULY NatD:-U .Y -U .0-U.Y +U (Y +¥ +Y¥)= Ta c6 hé phuong trinh: W +¥ +¥) Y o -Y @W+y +y¥) -Y 0 Y WW +¥ +¥) Y u |) -Y 0 -Y q@w ty +y)/\u -GidiraU ,U ,U,U - Céng thite bién adi mat: Page 3Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology IV/ Phuong phap dong dién von: : diinh ludt Kirchoff IL - Ansé trung gian - Ans6 cudi cing: > Ding cng thite bién déi ving 48 tinh dong dién ede nhiinh tit cde dang dién vong Vi du: Dye le |e = Vidt phuong trinh cho cdc ving: Vong 1:1 .(r +jX -jIX D41 JX |-xX )-1 j& -xX) Vong 2:1 .j(X |-X )+1 .@ +jX -jIX D-1 j& -X -lour Vong3:-I .j(X -X )-I 4K -X +l re +jX +jX - 2K = Chi y toi déu cha X = hie2 Q m a hel hic3 [2 vao *L2 h2e3 ta >@ favio #h: Oise Ira *L2 © — 303 x2 @ +X -jKD jUK1-x ) -iK -x) 1 jOX|-X) 0 @ +X KD -jx -x) oe -jX -xX) KX) AK 4K = 2K) OL -Gidiral 1 1 - Ding e6ng thite bién di ving: V/ Nguyén ly xép ching: Mach dign co chita nhigu ngudn tac déng, c6 thé coi do timg ngudn tae déng (cde nguén khée ngin mach), rdi cOng cde két qua Iai. Page 4Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology vi. udn tong duong: a 6 chita nhigu nguén tac déng duge ndi véi phan con lai tai cap diém AB, c6 ngudn suat dign dong bing U c6 tré khang trong bing Z iN - Cit nhénh duge hoi ra khoi mach tai cap diém AB - Tinh U ‘bing cdc phuong phdp da hoc - Tinh Z - Vé so dé tuong duong, lip nhanh bj cat vao so dé va tinh I * Chit ¥: Cach tinh Z 6 2 nhdnh song song: XI X23 Diu (-) khi 2 ding cing chy vao (hode ra) dau cing tén sién doi R, L, C trong mién p ir | — vr °° > Tr o , Oo = S Ie) — uw U@) | u(t) =i) > Up) =1I@) Digrcam L Zo) am en ° @ je — > | W TH) E = Lito) | ai | L 1) =L2 4 Up) = pL) - LI =z @)-E _ Bign dung) . We se yes . i(d) LU 1p) - | Te OT BHO 11 u (0) p+ = dt =Z 1p) + PageLy thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology 2. Bién déi Laplace ciia mét s6 ham sé co ban: Ham goc Ham anh Ham goc Ham anh t ™ f(e)at ; FQ) + Oat =f 2 1 fi L =f TT hit > 0 T a = 10) = 5 AO : a.F(ap) ay = © knit 1 0. Khi p.F(p) — £(0) sinat P .F(p) — p. f(0) — f (0) coswt 3. Bién déi Laplace ngugc - Heaviside: H@) F@) = Peto | 0 cia F(p), c6 thé ndm bat cit ché nio trén mat phang phitc. cue cia F(p), chi c6 thé ni -Nghigm p cia H (p) = 01a di -Nghigm p ciiaH (p) = 01a di a) H (p) = 0 c6 nghiém don im & nita mat phiing trai va trén true do. f= b) H (p) = 0 cé nghigém bdi (p ,r) f(D) a! A = lim[F@).(p-p) | d' lim GF). -P) | ©) H (p) = 0 c6 cap nghiém phitc lign higp p ,p" =o + jo -,4@) MO =2 FBZ & costo t+ eo) @ =argt ®) < arctan H (Pp) Page 6Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology MACH QUA DO rG, rL, rLC Ngudn suat dig¢n dong bién thién theo thai gian, dap img ra cla mach bao gi’ ciing c6 dang: x(t) = x(oo) + Ace Trong dé: * x(00) la ché dé xac lip * 1 lahang sé thoi gian * Ae lachéd6 quidd \trs=— ot sCr * A=x(0)—x(o) +r la dign 6 tong duong cia todn mach (Iie sau) nhin tir cp diém L (hoe C), véi diéu kign ngin mach Eng, hé mach Ing, Duéi tic dong | chigu, C coi nhu hé mach, L coi nh ngan mach. Cac bude gidti: « Dé khéa K 6 trang thai ban dau, xdc dinh cdc diéu kign dau ctia bai ton © Vé lai mé hinh trong mién p. © Chuyén K dén vi tri méi, viét phuong trinh dap img ctia mach trong mién p. © Gidi phuong trinh, © Ding Heaviside chuyén F(p) > (0). © Kiém tra lai bang céng thite 6 trén, Vidu 1: Cho mach dign nhw hinh vé, lie dau khéa K mé. e(t) = E .1(t). Déng khéa K, tim u (0)? * KhikK mé,u (0) = © Vé lai mach trong mign p © Déng khéa K, ta ¢6 phuong trinh dign dp mit: (0),u (0). vu lypcyt 2B YO RiP tag =pgt aPC E sy oRtY OC Ho) “BB HG) pC+p ppt gee) 1 ®) H (p)=—+U (0).p H@)=p. pte =05 P=P PF aRC H v@=u OP. BE FE PRD ARC 4B wa BHe «© Kiém tra hi: O= @)+ ce 4E = = @- : cr = Rak _ ARC r R+R OS Page7Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology 1(t). Mé khéa K, tim i ()? Vi dy 2: Cho mach dign nu hinh vé, lic du khéa K ding. e(t) = E © KhiK dong: E SE 1 =~ aa = TR IR+3R (0) = 2% (phan ad Si @= i Tie (Phan ding) + KhiK mé: Theo dinh luat Kirchoff I: 1 @).GR + pL E Li@+5 LageS TIR =1(@)=——? =e 2 r= 1002 Vidu 3: Cho mach dign nhu hinh vé. i (0) = 0. Tim i(t) =? Ap dung dinh luat Kirchoff II: |e 3 U4 =e@ L=100 mH eri + et) © — 1p).r + pLl(p) - Li (0) = EC) © I(p).( + pL) = E(@) + Li (0) 50 w Toe w— Page 8Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology E H (p) Lp(p + H (p) H@)=— OCD I@) = r H@)=p pty =00 H (0) = Foyt =—1-e r =05.(1-e ) b/ ss i (= 0) =i (t= 50) = 05 (A) e@=0 @=0) i@=0) H@ pte F® iw i (t= 0).e7" =0,5.€ "s05.e © ‘Viidu 4: Cho mach dign nh hinh vé. u (0) = 0.Timu (t) =? Ap dung dinh luat Kirchoff II: U+U =e(t) eri® +u @ =e du onc +u =e — 1C.(p.U (p) -u ()) +U () =— cu@-t +rpu © 1 rep ptoe eo, a << u (0)=0 E U @) =— rp p+ze E H (p) = 1) HQ) EB /rC BE /rc iW @* u@ Tyre irc E 1l-e~ =1-e Page 9Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology boss Juo u(t =0)=u @=1)=10%) rCp 1 U @=—? = rp pte uw Page 10Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology MACH DAO DONG DON L Mach dao d6ng don néi tiép: e(t) = cosw t (p) P 1 1) so Z@) p +o a rtph toe e(t) Pe @ +o )@ LC+pre+1) P “Lp +o) +20pto ) 6 sé suy giam tan sé cong huéng (aa ) -@ *w —w :B6léch tin sé tuyét adi dw Aw oO cos w t—argtan = —e cos w t—argtan a bas ak 8g O= + ‘al Dong dign cudng bie: b/ Dong dign qua do: i (= Im.cosw t+ 9) i M=Ime cos(a t+) Larong suy gidm loga tw nhién 8 cia dao ding tit dan: Goi A va A 1a bién d6 dao d6ng ciia 2 chu ky lién tiép. s-n-- in. tan "A Te Thai gian tit cia dong qua d6: t 1a thdi diém bién a6 dao déng chi cdn 0,1 bién 46 cuc dai. In10 46.1 t Dign ws tihanr = _ roa -28 aso aa Feor a2 Gg Khir > r_thi khéng cé sy dao dong ty do Page 11Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology c/ Ding dign ting hop: i Im ro) to Aol i(t) = -.cos(@ t).(1-e ) Im = f(A) _ 1 2a + do J Dai théng la dai tn sé ma 6 dé Im = Fim 1 11 i =. == hoa 2a +0o V2 2iva 2a Fe > Bho =20=F Page 12Ly thuyét mach Hanoi University of Technology Il. Mach song song ~ déi ngiu véi mach ndi tiép: Z déingiuvéiZ OZ .Z =k (V6ik=const) Cac phan ur di ngdu: e Lec * Ley © Nit © Vong e rol, * USL © Kirchoffl © Kirchoff II * XOB * E ot * Hémach © Ngin mach ‘ay dung mach 4éi ngiu: 1 diém A 6 trong mach va 1 diém B & ngoai n ndi cit qua mét phan tir (xem hinh minh hoa) ghia: Néu c6 2 mach d6i ngau thi tinh chat mach nay c6 thé duge suy ra mét cdch déi ngdu ti mach kia, Nai tiép Song song. 1. Tra khang 1. Din nap L=rtj oL-— =r+iX@) Y=-+j wC-— =-+)BW) =r 1ltj- =r +i Voi § =- =-(1+jBR)=-(1+)8) —- VoiE=BR \zl=r TFE wisi TE argZ = arctan& R argY = arctan§ 2. Din nap =G4)B 2. Tra khang = + lvl= 3. Pham chat tai 3. Pham chat tai a 1. Fo Grr € Qe 4. Di thong 4 Dai thong r 2ho 5. DO Kéch tin sb 5. DO lech tin sd do=o Page 13Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology 6. Dong dign THE 9, Dign 4p trén C QE © 6. Dign ap 7. Dong trén R 8. Dong trén C » Qu? I Q T+Eo o e 9, Ding trén L, Qi” e I u u u = JRE engin mech = -jQ8 Tire? 10. Dign dp va dong dign tai LC hé mach Dign tro twong duong cia mach dao dong don song song (thuyc té) 1 r «ol; r «—;r¢resr act Ri 1 i Vi du 1: Cho mach dign nhu hinh ve. e(t) = Em.cos(w t);R =R= 10k; r = a/ Tinh f ,Q,dai thong (Hz) b/ Cho Em = 20V, A= 400kHz. Tinh Um.| Ri Jew Uk A In. r =50;L = 100pH; C = 100pF ? (S +5). 100.10 100,10 10 (a) Page 14Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology R= Ril R=5kQ Rr MR = 5kO. anf 1,6.10 (Hz) Q=R -=5 2af =—.—— = 300kHz b/ Voi Em = 20V do Af. 204 §=Q27-=Q27 =5.55 T+E =27 Em 20 Ing Ri i010 2mA Ing .R 2.10 5.10 ‘Vidu 2: Cho mach dign nhw hinh vé. Ue al Cho Ingm = SmA. Tinh R’, C? a b/Cho Q=10, Tinh f ,L? 4%. c/ Tinh Um voi Af= 200kHz. ot U iti af a 200" | 2b Gia: a/ Tai ACO thi Ing, 1+E u__ 50 | Vi ya Jpn 950 ta AF = 200KH2 > 2AF = 400KIe = a> C= aR aEE = HOP b/ c 10 .40.10 Q=R. foLs= = on Q 10 Gee GRoe enim trong Decade (3; 4) . > onimtai vj tri 1/3 6 Decade 1 1 . ‘, Dé thj Bode cia mot sé ham s6 (xét diém 0): C= = [eB] bio[rad) C) = 20.loghk] [4B] é 20.18(K) lr ko ( )eargk= Onduk> 0 mnéuk <0 ey v0] vp} EO . ° C ) = 20.loglj«a| = 20loges = 20v a(0)[4B] b(efrad] C) =argja = 5 Néu F (p) = — thi dudng chéo 20dB/D khéng di qua géc toa dé ma di qua Néu F (p)= — thi dudng chéo cé 6 dée 40dB/D va di qua v[D] jo ( )=20.log 147 =20log 1+—=10log 1+ — o —<01 hi =10 o 1 @ o —>10 hi =20 — o a (la duéng chéo20dB/D di qua diém w ) © <1 thia=3 [dB] oLy thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology ( )=arg 1+— =arctan— po) o =] —<0,1 hib=0 a o « —>10 hib=s ® 2 ul © a1thib== ome Néu F (p) = 1 —— thi dé thj bién d9 khong thay déi ¥ nhung 6 thi pha d4i ximg qua truc hoanh NéuF (p)= 1+—_ thidd déc cua dé thi bién d6 1a 40dB/D. 4 ()= + +4 Cé c&p nghigm phite lién higp. Néu cp nghigm phite nay nim 6 nira mat phang trai thi: o © —>10 hi =40log— o rm (la duéng ché040dB/D di qua diém w ) o = I thia = 20log(28) *§=15a=6dB et=- sa=-120B sh=-4a=00B 6g29 sa=-o 6dB e&=- a= ( ) =arctan bw) o —<0,1 hi =0 o o fen = @ © tempat ® a? Néu cp nghiém phite nim & nia mat phang phai thi dé thj bién d6 khong doi, nhung 46 thi pha lay di ximg qua truc hoanh, On Page 17Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology i C)= + ) =20.log 1-— © “10 Ai =40 (1a dung chéo40dB/D di qua diém « ) Saitmia o (=a 1-— ap + 2, Da thite bac hai: b ap tbpte=c 1+2p+p bt va Za Pye Fi =c1+— 1+ ®) bl ** BT N&uA< 0: (p)=¢ 14252 a =o © 2a FQ) =¢ 145 Dd thj Bode cia diém cyc (nghigm & miu s6) déi xing véi dd thj cia diém 0 qua tryc hoanh. Vidul: Hay xc dinh dé thi Bode cua ham truyén dat dign 4p cata mach dign hinh 4.26. Cho Néu A> 0: pp NéuA=0: p Page 18Ly thuyét mach trongdé: ,. Re ___10 R,+R, 40+10 R +R, (40+10).10° RR,C 40.10.10°.100.107 ‘D6 thj Bode ciia ham truy! thanh phan, trong dé gid trj bién 46 thanh phan thin Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology =02 oO, = su thi trén hinh 4.27 gdm 6 hai dd thi it cia dd th 1a: = 201gk=201g0,2=-14dB. brad Vide Hay xéc dinh dé thj Bode cia ham truyén dat dign dp ctia mach dign hinh 4.28 trong, cée truting khéc nhau eta L (L=1H; L=4mH; L=0,4H). Giai Ham truyén dat dign ap ctia mach: RLp U. R+Lp LC.p* K(p)=U2=—R* 1p _ po UL Rep La iep? pC’ R+Ip R a. Trrimg hop L=1H: Khi dé miu sé 06 dang: Ho(p)-1+10" tam thire bac hai nity o6 hai nghigm don p =-1,12.10 ; p =-8,9.10 1 1 Dat @, === = 3,16.10°, Tirs6.06 dang Hy( SO" Tite Jioii0 eases He k=! —_ -__@ = (l-——)-—— ee ar yy?) a P ip 7 1120" "8900 Dé thi Bode cia hm mach gém o6 nam 48 thi wl in tuong img véiz K,(p) =107 K,(p)=1+ 1120 K,(p) = K3(p)= p K,(p)=14+—2— (Pp) * 3900 Page 19Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology adB cmoney brad avavey ai Nhu vay 6 ving tin thép, dign dp ra bj suy gidm nhiéu, déng thoi nhanh pha hon so véi dign 4p vio. Khi tin sé ting thi 46 suy giam tién gin dén khdng va d6 dich pha cing tién din dén khong. Mach ding vai trd 1 bs Ige théng exo (HPF), b. Tring hop L=4mH: adB 6g ’ Vic {4107.01.10 Miu s6 6 dang: Ha(p)=144.10%.p#4.10"".p? (1) oye@ya) = 0.2510" = 510° ep tam thite bic hai nay c6 cp nghigm phite lién higp: Pi = -0,5.108 + j0,5.10° 5 p2 = -0,5.108 - j0,5.10° By ta s& dura v8 dang: H, (p)= 1426-2 + Q) © o ‘Thye hign dong nhat hai biéu thize (1) & (2) ta 66: 5.108 « Vay K(p) 66 thé viét Iai brad r r Gree) 2 K(p)= Oo hay K(p) = 4.10" 2a 14262 4 Po 1429p 242 0, oF Q é thi Bode ca him mgch gm c6 4 dé thj thanh phan wong ime véi K(p)=410" — K,(p)= K,(9) =p pt K(p)=142E2 oo Nhu vay tai lan en tin s6 «= 5.10" , trong mach xy ra h tung dae biét, dé IA dign ap ra c6 ut Khudch dai di {49 Kin hom dign dp vio . Bidu dé nghta tb ip (cng huéng dign ap) tai ving tin #6 lan efi Te 4 14 mt trong nhing tinh chét quan trong cita cde mach thy dng bée hai RLC. Lie nly mach vin ding vai t la b6 Ipc théng cao, nhumg die tuyén tn sé cia né xuat hign ving béu vang | Page 20Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology ©. Trung hgp L=0,4H: = 0.25108 = 10° 1 1 6, e—--—1 _ °~ VEC 0,40,110°° Miu s6 06 dang: HAp)=14+4.10".p+4.10%.p° tam thite béc hai nay 6 nghiém kép: PI. Vay K(p) 06 thé viét lai: ee oF a+25 |: a,dB b,rad @ @) (D+) — 40aB/D, 3 4 v{[D] 5 y[D] -10. 2 (3)+4) -40dB/D 4) x {— Page 21Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology MANG BON CUC ra 1a m6t hé théng mach cita ( théng thurimg due phdi ghép voi ngudr va tai ) dign ta nhu hinh 5.1, trong dé: Us, li: dign dp va dong din tai cia 1 1, L ‘bén Mang bén cy, cin goi la mang hai fu ra turomg img véi ha 2, La: dign dp va dong dign tai cira 2 o= 1/ Hé phwong trinh tré khang hé mach: u MAC ‘|v y 1» zy 2 z= o— | * L2n 22 Hinh 5.1: M@ hinh mang bén eye (tro khang vao hé mach ctia ctra 1) (tro khang vao hé mach cua cira 2) (tré khang truyén dat ho mach) (tré khang truyén dat hé mach) Déi véi trudmg hgp bon cye twong hd ta co: Zi2 = Z21 Déi véi so dé hinh T: Z=21-212 Zt I/ H@ phwong trinh dn nap ngin ma I (efe) es] So dé hinh TT Page 22Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology (dan nap vao ngin mach cia etta 1) (din nap vao ngin mach ctia cita 2) (dan nap truyén dat ngiin mach) (dan nap truyén dat ngin mach) u, uo Oi véi trudmg hop bin eye tuong hd ta e6: Yi2 = Y21 Déi véi so dé hinh TI: A =Y+Y; Ya Ya Yieyut yi2: Yo= yoot yi2i Y3= -yi= -ya1 Bén cue déi xtmg: Khong phan biét duge cia | va ctra 2. Khi dé: Vi dy: Xé so dd tong duong hinh X cit mang 4 cye déi xing: u 1 Lak =p =7@+2) Theo Kirchoff I: 1 1 —U FU +U =05U =52 -52 u 1 Z=L => =5@ -2) So dd tuong duang hinh X U,=a,U, +ayl, 1, =a,U; + ay]; Page 23Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology -0 éi véi truimg hyp bn cue tong hd ta c6: Aa = detA =-1 D6i vai so do hinh G: a =1;a =-R 1 R Ur R UW asp a silty detA=a a -a a =-1 ii ny So dé hinh ch G (1) i Ri L U Ry U So dé hinh chi G nguge 1V/Hé phuong trinh dic tinh truvén dat nguoc: U; U, bi, by [ff] elas stl fU, = by U, + biT, 1, =b.,U, + dal, U I bug 7 thio tly 1, U-0 éi véi truémg hyp bén oye tromg hd ta c6: Ab = det B= -1 Y/Hé phwong trinh dic tinh hon hop: Ulu ye0 0 éi véi truémg hyp bin ewe twang hd ta e6: yr =~ hoy Page 24LY thuyét mach Daniel F.S - Hanoi University of Technology ‘VI/ Hé phuong trinh dic tinh hén hgp nguge: [iste] o-[f] I 82 L 2 luj=0 2luj=0 +} Lien hé gitra cdc thong sé cia mang 4 cyc: Tro khang U, =2y1, + Zyl, 1 am Z2 Za 2a neieween U, = Zn], + 22913 Az Hn hop gi 1 a | Ag nguge 82 Truyén dat ba 1 Ab bi nguye -bio Truyén dat any ay 1 az -an Hin hop hy Ah 2 | cha 1 hy) nap Ay yo |oeye | -ya | oyu ngan mach 1 Dic diém cia bang: + Trong mét hinh chit nhat bat ky cia bang, tich cdc théng sé trén duémg chéo bing nhau. VD: -h21.z12=h12.221 + Céc hing ti If véi nhau theo m@t hg s6 nhdt dinb. Hg sé ti 1g chinh la théng sé trén hang da biét nam cing mét Ot véi chit s6 1 trén hang théng sé chua biét. Ching han, cho biét 2), dé tim hy ta Jam nhur sau: Lay chit sé 1 trong hang hy dugc hoi, chiéu lén hing 2j di cho ta sé tim duge z2> la hé sé ti Ie. Dong theo c6t ta s® c6 gid tri cdc thong s6 tuong img, két qua la: + Sy ti lg theo quy tic trén cing ding voi cae eGt. Nhu vay co thé tim cac thong sé trén mét edt ya theo mét eét khdc da biét (nhu quy tic di néu di véi hing). Page 25Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology VII/ Dinh I¥ Batlet ding cho 4 cue déi xtmg: Moi 4 eye déi xing déu c6 thé duge thay thé bing so dd tuong duong hinh X, véi cac phan tir Z ,Z duge xde dinh nhur sau: + Bé doi 4 cyc déi xtmg thanh 2 nita bang nhau +Z =Z, ciamita 4 cuc déi ximg khi: R - Day dn thicong bi cit duge ngén mach = Day dan chéo bj cat duge ho mach. +Z =Z 4 chamira4 cuc déi xing khi: ~ Day din thurdng bi cat duge ho mach. = Day din chéo bi cit duge ngdn mach. Vi du: Hay xde dinh cde thong sé zj clia mach dign hinh 5-24a, Hinh $-24a Trude hét ta bé déi dé lay mét nira bén eye (hinh 5-24b), sau dé tinh Z; va Zy: R Bi RR, 2R+R, Zy, 2R, QR, R RR+R,)+R,QR+R, 2, +2,)= 1B Bs R+2p,]= RR ERIERCRER) 22R+R 2R+R, . Hinh 5-24b 1 RR, | R+ R+R,) ~Z,)=<[R+2R, — 2 : ) 2 +R, 2R+R, 2R+R, YI K§ thuat tinh todn - Chuan héa gi tri: Gia tri tuyét ddi Gia tri twong d6i = — ~ tri chudn [don vj chuan] Sir dung cho 4 dai lugng: R, L, C, 0 + Chon 2 trong 4 dai hrong trén lam chuan, rdi tinh 2 dai hrong cén lai theo 2 céng thite trén. + Tinh todn céc gid tri tuong 46i, giai bai todn bing céc gia tri tuong 441 46. + Déi gid tri tuong déi thanh gid tri tuyét déi (nhan v6i RR) Vi dy: Chon 2 gid tri chuan: R = 6000 B us 1 A 6 es C3 -—— Os wee ef, ° 306 Tinh 2 gid tri con lai: @=1000rad/s Tinh Z4q + }+-4| |» R L =—=0,6H @ c =~ 4+ —=16 “ "Roo Xéec dinh cdc gid tri twong déi: R R yi =Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology Tinh Z 1 @ tol). R +e oC (RR +R)+j ob -at < 1 2 + j2).(0,5 — j2) 62 10 Z twong di =1+j 1-F +2405 =) 2) $5 -ha5 (2+05)+j 1-95 Z tuyétddi =Z tuong déi .R IX/Néi ghép cde 4 ewe: I 1. Noi tiép — Ni tig) oto ui)_Z[h Ju I ul An IL iH 2. Song song — Song song: . o— [!] {¥] (ieee) I lu, 1 2. 1] =U; Mey roevxde ef vaya rites Y= 4 Mot edch ting quit ta 6 thé viétcho n bén exe mie S-$ vi nhaw: Y-SY, a 3. Néi tiép — Song song: eal eee) |, Te ! Vay ta rit ra: M6t cach téng quat ta c6 thé viét cho n bén cye mac N-S voi nhau: Page 27Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology 4. Song song — Néi tiép: M6t céch tong quat ta cé thé viét cho n bén cye mac S-N véi nhau: G=G, i 5. Day chuyé: Cac bin cyte duge goi la mic theo kiéu day chuyén véi nhau néu cita ra ca bén eye nay duge ni véi ctta vao cia bén cye kia theo thir ty lién tiép 1, k i y L + < re) Juju} or fouy fu} om fuy ul o ‘O- O u;] © I bi v6i bn eye I: [| al Bay gig ta déi dau cét hai cua ma trin A’ ta sé duge A” U, Phuong trinh (3) lai e6 thé viét thanh: U, Thay (2) vito (4) ta 66: 7 Phuong trinh (5) durge viet lai the Vay tritra: A =A” .A” Ung dung: Bén cye phite tap c6 thé duge tach thanh cdc bén eye don gian. Cac bén eye don gian nay ndi véi nhau theo cdc cach & trén. ‘Ce logi 4 eye don gian: Hinh T, hinh II, hinh I, hinh G, hinh G nguge, hinh =, Transistor... Page 28Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology ‘Viidu: Cho mang 4 cye nhu hinh vé, xc dinh cde thong sé dan nap ngéin mach y_ va théng sé truyén dat a cia mang. ChoR = 100, R =20,R =30,R =50,R =50,R =100 Gi . . . R, Nhin vao so d6 ta nhan thay mach dién cé thé phiin tich than hai mang bén eye thin phin hinh T va 1, [R mite song song-song song oto -Xét mgch hinh T: 18 eo 48 chudin cia bén eye (hinh 5-15) véi cée ede thong #6 zy dugo tinh theo phin ti oda mach: Ro+Rs m=Rs 22 = Rs + Rs AZ=RR, + RR, + RAR, Theo bang quan hé théng s6 ta c6 cde théng sé ya ctia mach hinh T: R, +R; 8 yp 2e Zope —— 3S a __ 0.258 AZ RjR,+R,R,+R,R, 6+ 10415 s Hin $18 ss Se et =-0,1615 al stRR, 6410415 Ya =o Ri +Rs 1.9226 AZ RR, +R,R,+R,R, 6410415 -Xét mach hinh x: day 1a so 44 chudn cia bén cuc (hinh 5-16) vai c: theo phan tir cia mach: ic thing s6 yg duge tinh h mk ry uty u| vs vets Yu 1 LRitRs _ 20 gg R, RR, 100 Hinh 5-16 -Nhur vay ta c6 céc théng sé yi cia mang dia vao cdc bén eye thanh phan la: yay,.ey, | 0758-061) [03-1] _[0558 0261 HITS "**]-0,161 0,226 |" |-01 0,2 |” |-0.261 9,426 AY = 0,558.0,426 — 0,261? = 0,178? Page 29Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology -Theo bang quan hé thong sé ta tinh duge cdc thong, 1 aay 026 AY _ 0.17 _ 9.6535 ay = 2 ae =-2,14 Yo 0261 Yn 0,261 Aa= aya, —a))4,, =—1,6352,14 + 3,84.0,653=—1 (phir hgp voi diéu kign tuong hd) i, X/ Him truyén dat: Zoos» ‘ im truven. Mang bén K(p) = = —__2270_ | |v cue 06 tai Ey +2) +2Z2)-2Z2-20 XI/Hé sé truvén dat: ‘Néu tir ngudn ly tuong ta c6 thé Lay duge céng suat lon bat ky, thi véi nguén khong ly tuong c6 thé dé dang chimg minh céng suat tac dung 16n nhat tai ¢6 thé nhgn duge 1a: E a Céng sudt tiéu thy trén tai 6 dau ra M4C duge tinh theo céng thire: ~ Hé sé truyén dat cia bin eye theo dinh nghia d6i vi mach thy dong: ih =Ze1 ea vad P, Tit dé 06 thé rit ra: r= i 2 EIR, 2U; YR, 6 thé vide li bidu thie trén theo ham eta tin s6 phate p: T(p)= He sé truyén dat tinh theo eéng thire trén chi ding cho cée mach thu dng, dé die trung cho mach dign téng quét nguisi ta phai sir dung thém biéu thire cia him truyén dat dign Sp Ta co thé viét Iai hé s6 truyén dgt cho mgch ign tong quat: (Z1, +R, ).(Zy +R,)—zZ, T@)= uy + Ry).@a +R2)—=Zi 2.25,-4R,-Ry - Luong truyén dat duge viét duéi dang légarit ty nhién cua hé sé truyén dat: g(@)= Inf = In| + j.argP)= a) + jb@) trong dé a(@)=In|f| goi ka suy giam, do bing Népe (Néu tinh theo Déxiben a(@) = 20.logT'|, dB); cin b(«) = arg() goi la dich pha, do bang rad. & V6i 4 cuc adi xing: Page 30Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology — (Z +R)-(Zy +R) rr Ey = ZR ‘XII Céc thing sé séng (Thém chi sé 0 vio théng sé thuong): Trude hét ta xét ti khéi niém phdi hgp tro khéng trong ly thuyét duréme day, khi c6 ngudn tée dgng dign dp F véi ngi tri trong la Z, dirge mic vao tai c6 wr khdng Z, (hinh $-27a) . Dé c6 sr phéi hop tré khdng dim bao khéng cé su phan xa tin higu thi phai thoa min didu kign: 7, =7,, khi 46 céng suat ten tai sé 1a: B R A(Rj + X/) (v6i Z,=R,+5X,), @ 86 phan xa khi PHTK sé la: Z,-Z, * 7,42, Hinh $270 Bay gid ta xét mang hai cita nbur hinh 5-276. 4 cé sy phéi hop trén ca hai cira (tire khong tte — co phan xa) thi can phai 6 hai diéu kign: M4C -V6i ti 6 cta 2 IA Zag thi tro khing vio 6 cia ED a Z20 * 1 phai bi Zio, -V6i tai 6 ita 1 1A Zao thi tro khang vo 6 ira 2 pha La Zao. Hinh 5-270 Néi mot cach khde, digu ign dé c6 sur phdi hop tr6 khang 6 cf hai cita 1a: {2 =Zig 25 = Ley trong d6 Zio goi la trod khdng séng cia cita | va tinh theo eOng thite: Khi Bén cue duge phdi hop tro Khang 6 ca hai cira thi hé s6 truyén dat duge goi la hé sé ruven dat sing va ky bigu li Po (y+ Zio) Em +20) = 212 Vandy + Yay An Luong truyén dat lic nay sé 1a /teong truyén dat séng: = InP, =In( Jaya, + aay) =InfPy|+ jarg(r,) =a, + jby 9 = In°,| a suy gi séng, do bing Népe. trong d6: by=argiT) —_goi la dich pha song, do bing rad. Page 31Ly thayét mach Daniel F.S - Hanoi University of Technology % —-Xée dinh thong sé sng: Dae = (Zia ie Lia = [Ze re Trong.dé ———Zvingn? tr kixing vao ea ctta 1 Khi ngin mach eta 2 thg, Zurn’ 6 Khiing vi ia eta | khi his mach eita 2, Zamen! 88 khing vio ea cira 2 khi ngin mach eit 1 Zy2m: tro khang vio cia ctra 2 khi ho mech ctra 1. * Chay: thGX) = jtan(X) % —-Véi4 cwe déi ximg duge phéi hop tré khang 2 ctra: Néu la 4 cue di ximg véi so 46 turong dung mach cau: Z 1 Zarn = Zvime = 5 (2s + Zn) Z,.Zy Z,+Zy Tir do suy ra rer khang séng duoc tinh: Vz,Z, = |-* Zinn = Zvnen Z= 2 ay, ‘Néu cde tré khang cia mach cau la cde phan tir déi ngiu, nghia la: Z,Z, = Rj = const hi dé Z» ~ Ro, tro khéng s6ng chia mach cau trong truong hop nay khéng phy thuge vao tan sé. He 56 truyén dat song cia mach edu durge tinh theo cong thite: at ng thi Ingng truyén dat sng durge xée dinh theo bigu thie: 0, opr = InP ypy = Ins! = In| U; U, U, Vidul; Xéc dinh cac théng sé séng ciia mach dign hinh 5-29. U, j are) = door + fbon Giai: Ta xée dinh céc tro Khiing vao cia 1 Q X20 Zotvgn =IXca nt GX12 XO] = Th ST AS ZvivaiXts mt Xe) =-2 Vay tro khang s6ng cura | la: Ur rs X.=30 Lay = [Even Zvnm =V14 o—__1*__, Ving vith Hinh 5-29 Page 32Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology Tuong tur d6i véi ita 2: 7i Zvrmem=IX2 nt Gur // -IXe)] = Zvanm™iXca mt CX) = Vay tro khang s6ng cita 2 1a 7 Larag truyén dat séng etia mach duge tinh theo céng thite: Zviomm _ [Zvi Zem — \ Zyatin th, Vidu2: Cho mot bon cye doi xttng c6 tro khang séng Z) = 10002, lugng truyén dat song gy =1+j ; , tré khang tai Z, = 1000Q. Bén cue mic vao ngudén c6 Em =100V, dign tré trong cia ngudn Li 10002. Hay tinh dign ap va dong dign 6 cura 2. theo dé bai, Z, = Z= Zp , nhur vay bén cue déi xing nay duce phéi hop tro khdng 6 ca hai ita. Theo ly thuyét da phan tich ta e6: vay 18,5Vv va Vay ta c6 U, =185.¢ 7? (V) Vidu3; Cho MAC nhwrhinh 5-30, cho bi don vj chun. a. Xac dinh cde théng s6 séng citta M4C, b. Tinh hg sé truyén dat C(p) khi don vj chuiin. G a. Day 1 bén cue déi ximg, nén c6 thé dp dung dinh ly Bartlett-Brane dé dua vé bén cue hinh X vai cde thing sé: MAC trén vao ngudn va tai véi cde gid tr] Ri = R, > Cc Z-(C/RJ-— in |. ptt 1 I 7 7 p+l Zn [Cat R) // (Cnt R)] = i ={C a) 2p R Vay tré hing sing cin bée ope Td RA U; Zy = Zr = Zo =Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology ‘Hé sé truyén dat séng durge tinh theo céng thire: l+q Topx = q p+i— 2p b. Trong trutng hop nay khéng con su phéi hyp tre khang nén hé sé truyén dat cua mach durge tinh theo céng tire: _(Zy#R)s(Zy Ro) _ (P+ 2).3P+D) © (Ly = Z,).Ry I+p Bay gid ta bién doi F'(p) ve dang chita cae thinh phan chuan: Tp) Pp. Pp a+ Dat Py) rip) = 2220+ D : l+p I+p Dic tuyén P(ja@) trong trrsng hyp nay gdm cé mot thanh phan twong img véi hé sé k, hai thanh phan img véi diém khong nam trén truc -c, va mot thanh phan trong img voi diém cyc la cap nghigm phic lién hop nim trén try do. XIIV/ Bon cue tuyén tinh khong tong hd: 1. H@ phwong trinh tra khang hé macl Use Tt+e2 1 t2 1=@ -z Jl +z (41) sl+a 42.042 1 =@ -z jl tz. +1)+@ -z Dl Vo ZirZi2— Zr-Zir L ZrZM] y, 2. H@ phwong trinh din nap ngin mach: I=y U+y Usty U=(y +y )U -y .U -U) l=y U+y U+ty U ty U = ty ).U-y .U -U)+Q —y )U TL -yn L oe +—o yutyi2 U, U; Yarty sy] J ° 0 3. H@ phuong trinh dic tinh hin hgp: U, = hl, +h,U, 1, h L ily +h, oo —_" U, | hye \) O| ha U, hd,Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology 4. Vi du vé bén cue khong tong hd: a. Girator: 1 Qn fe KY higu eva Girator nh hinh v8: HG phuong trinh tro khang Yy | D) |u u — ot o- =? = =1 1 1 0 14 0 ==; == jaa Cac théng sé mang nguge dau véi diéu kign twong hé > Girator la bén cye phan tuong hd, u pW =u.i tui =u.i tri. -7 =e > Céng suat tite théi p(t) = 0, Girator 1a phan tir quan tinh, khéng tuong hé nhung thy déng. Quan hé gitt tré khang vao cita nay véi tre khang tai cita kia: 2. .Z =r > néur la 86 thye thi 2 phan tir tro khang déi ngdu, INIC |v: kel Hé phuong trinh dae trumg cia NIC Li hé phwong trinh hon hyp: U, =U; =Néuk = 1, ta s8 c6: css ft theo quy wie vé déu cia bin cue, dign dp & hai cia 8 cing chidu cén dong didn & hai cita 38 nguge chiéu, phin tir NIC trong trrdng hgp nay duge ky higu la INIC. 4 6, (UU -Néu k =-1, ta 06: feat trudmg hgp nay dign dp & hai eta sé nguge chidu cin dang dign & hai cira sé etng chidu, phin we NIC voi k= -1 duge ky higu la UNIC. oo 0 kl 0 Wk Ted6taritra: [HIve=|, Gg) (Glve=[y 4 9 2) bi véi NIC cae hé phuong trinh tro khdng va din nap khong c6 Tris khang vao & cira 1 khi mic tai 6 cita 2: Nhu vay NIC déng vai tro ta mach bién déi tro khang am. Ching han néu tai 1a dung khang thi diu vio twong duong li dung khang m. Page 35Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology Transistor. Transistor duge coi ki mt bén eye tich eye. Hinh 5-35 k E c kj higu chilu dong dign trong twansistor PNP. Ding y Emitter duge phan phoi gitta Base vi Collector, thoa man tn ig thie: B Hinh 5-35 Voi E “So dd baze chung (hinh 5-374). Dudi day la ‘ma trdn tri khéng cia transistor twong ing véi truémg hop nay: -So d Emitter chung (hinh 5-37b). Dusi day 1a ma trén trey khang cia transistor tong img v6i trudmg hyp nay: nth, ', Zhe =| a | Peele genta -So 48 collector chung (hinh 5-37¢), Dudi day la 7 ma trn tr6 khéing cla transistor tuong img: U, | U, Tothy fo ~hy bral ta [ « : i +f C Hinh 5-37¢ Page 36Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology Mach khuéch dai thudt todn (Operational Amplifier Dic tuyén truyén dat cita Khnéch dai thuat todn, G ché dé tuyén tinh, mgch khuéch dai voi hé sé khuéch dai A>0 s@ cho dién ap dau ra: U,, = A.AU= A(U, —U,) Néu U; =O thi Up — AU? nghi g9i la dau vao khong dao pha (P). 1 dién dp ra déng pha véi dign dp vao, do dé dau vao (+) duge Néu Ur= 0 thi Un =-A.U) — nghia li dign ap ra nguge pha voi dign ap vao, do dé du vao (-) duge ggi la dau vao dao pha (N). > Mach KDTT ly tuéng: Avo Auso U =U (mladitthipla I =0 Zy 70 30 > Mach KDTT khong ly tuéng: Ato Au #0 u #U 1 #0;1 #0 Za, #0 Zz #0 201gA,dB P, A Za A(Up-Uy) | Urn N 4 O& M6 hinh wong duong KDTT va de tuyén ham truyén dat cita nd Page 37Ly thayét mach Daniel F.S - Hanoi University of Technology Vidut: Xét mach khuéch dai thuat ton nhw hinh ve: Néu coi KDTT la ly wong va lim viée trong mién tuyén tinh thi ta ¢6: AU=0 va khi dé diém N duge goi la diém dat do. Dong dign vio: Tir dé ta rit ra: U, vi K(p)=-> -Néu Z;, Z; la thuan tré thi chite nang ctia mach La khuéch dgi dito pha. -Néu thay Z; la thudn tro, Z2 la thuan dung khi d6 ham truyén dat cia mach: 1 K®)=—oR 1 u (t) ae (dt Nghia 1a mach trén thyc hign chire nang ctia mach tich phan. Trong mién tan sé mach dong vai tro 1a b6 loc thong thap tich eye bac 1. -Néu thay Z; li thuan dung, Z, la thuan tré thi: K(p)=—pRC du u (j= RCE Nghia 1a mach trén thy hign chite ning cia mgch vi phan. Trong mién tin s6 mach déng vai tr. 14 b6 loc thong cao tich cuc bac 1. R du 2: Mach c6ng va mach trir: R © Mach eéng: vy eR oy = R Tea Page 38Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology Vidu 3: Xét mach khuéch dai thuat toan: Xét mit 3: U@ +¥ +Y¥ +Y¥)-UY -UY -UY =0@) et mit 4: UW +¥ +)-UY -UY =0(@) Mau =0(3) Ti 2) 3) >U Y > UO FY FY #Y)-UY UY Ke <2 -Y.Y PTA ¥W Fv +¥ +Y)FYY aw Y =Y¥ =Y =G=1 * Y =Y =pC (C=) U 1 1 “ K(p) = = i U +3p+1 pee 1+oq 1426 a > Mach loc théng thdp Y =Y v =y Y Y u Kk =< =P =P == S ari ae > Mach loc thong cao > Mach loc thong dai Ba mach trén 1 Khdu loc tich eye RC b@c 2 Page 39Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology MACH LOC TAN SO B6 loc cho 1 hay nhiéu dai tin higu di qua (dai théng), chin cdc dai tan s6 cdn lai (dai chan), Tn sé 6 gitta dai théng va dai chin la tan s6 ct (cutfreq) O trong dai thong 1 trong dai thong : K(co)| = — : 2) = trong dai chin ICI O trong dai chin IK IK 9 ° o ® Loe thing thap Loe thong cao kK K \ ' ' I I i \ : o oxo oF oes on Loc thong dai Loe chin dai Mét bd Ioe phite tap c6 thé chia thinh ede bé loc don gin (hinh T, hinh II) a & a a a ° | % % % o—__1 | - a ° T+ Leg al Za Za2d Zz Hinh T Hinh 1 > Diu kign dai thong: {a=0 l= ib Z Raita hal dibukign trong di thong 1< 4 II/ Suy gidm s6ng, dich pha sng cia c > Trong dai thong:a =0 +g = th Sr, = J4gh & Trong dai chin: b 1% @% i arth-———— 1-s 20? T. Mach Igc thing thap: 3. Mach Ige chin dak: $2rp Der f ar bp ; — Thing cco —e'+—— thong hip, ——+ 2. Mach loc thong cao: 4. Mach loc chin dai: ares bre b) = Totng hp |g rig coe Page 44Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology IV/ Mach loc loai M: Dé khic phyc nhuge diém cia b6 lgc logi k, ngudi ta 44 cai tién mot bude vé mat két cétu dé dgt durge chat Inrong cao hon. Cae mach loc dé durge goi la mach loc m. a Chuvén néi tiép tit Tk sang Tm: + Gitt lai 1 phan Z’. = m.Z trén nhanh néitiép + Chuyén phan con lai m6t céch ndi tiép xudng nhnh song song tao thanh Z' sao cho Z 2/2 Z/2 Z/2=mZ/2 Z mZ,/2 oo Z II Zo) = Zorm) }% 4Z;, 14 4%: , mZ, Rat ra b/ Chuvén song song tie Ik sang Im. + Gitt lai 1 phan Y' =m. trén nhanh song song + Chuyén phan con Iai m6t cach song song lén nhanh néi tiép tao thanh sao cho Z % oO Yy2 Yy2 Zoey) = Zoran) YR Yi2 Rat ra a/ Loe thang thap: a2 Laz a2 La2 c cl =mc he jail e .Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S — Hanoi University of Technology b/ Loc thong cao. 2c ees a C 2a 2 “ 4 tT: _ ub > Lb ca 2Ub Ps a Lal Cal La Ca ci 2Lb' cba > La2 2a Lb Page 46Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology Za2d 3. BO phi hgp tré khang: * {EJ ie Bé loc Re Loves Zon dean) T 2Zb <——_ Phéi hop tr voi Ri=Rt = const ——_|_ __.. i po Dope Zorom Zor ats Z, oT sn) —— ‘OTT nk) See OT (a) | > Tinh (5: ’ L 1 i = 2Z, ——=— = —— ‘OTL (mn) A haze ee Wz trong dé néu chi y dén diéu kign can bing tre khang dae tinh ta sé c6: hay Zon gmy = Zonin{! Z ¢ y plu thée vao m (0 Tinh ¢ ): Ze 4Z, 1 ze a Ze yy MeL Tom) 2 \'* Zaye hay Zs : OT) jom?. ¥, mY, . I-m ay lay Wy, l=m Y, 4mm 4, és se 1 too la Zon gay = Zor (mom? ¥, y, : . mo Y, 75 Z_¢ y phy théc vio m( 0 00, Tuy nhién a -» co chim. + BO loc logi M, cdng di su vio dai chdn, Ang gidm. Tuy nhién a > oo nhanh taif ¥. Thiet ke bo loc day du: 1/2 khau Khau K Khau M 1/2 khaw | Ri M, M, PHTK |. m /o, | pak}. pg, E [ m=0,6 Lite) ZZdo m=0,6 " & a, i Z/Zy we, | Zora Zyta Zt. Zour) Hinh 5-69: B6 loc Le day di -Suy gidm dae tinh (a) phai hoan toan triét tiéu trong dai théng va rat lon trong toan bé dai chan. -B6 loc phai dirge phdi hop tré khang tot véi ngudn va tai. Trong thy té, dé dap img day da cdc yéu cau ky thudt, thudng phai xay dung cac b6 loc phite tap gém nhigu khdu khie nhau va c6 cdc tinh chat bé xung cho nhau. Nhin chung mt bd loc nur vay hai e6 hai khdu khong di ximg 6 hai dau lim nhigm vu phé mot s6 khau loc déi xing loai_M hoge K (hinh T hogc hinh x) néi vai nhau theo kieu day chuyén (hinh 5-69), Sau diy ta di su vao ede khiu trong b6 Toe: Khau Ige M (d6i ximg) due dura vio dé dam bio ra khdi dai thdng suy gdm de tinh ting rét nhanh, Do die tinh cng di sfu vio dai chiin thi suy gidm dic tinh cia n6 cdng ting, do d6 Khau loc K (adi ximg) duge dua vio trude khdu loc M dé khac phuc nhuge diém vé sy giam ctla suy hop tre khéing vi nguén va tai, va Page 49Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology ssidm dae tinh khi di dai théng va se phdi hop trd khéng thi khéu M s8 duge thye hign bing céch chuyén tir khéu K theo cach chuyén tuong img, Hé s6 m do tin s6 suy gidm v6 cing «2 quyét dink. 1/2 M (khong di ximg): duge dit & hai du bd loc dé phdi hop we khang gitta bd loc ‘véi nguén va tai, Do ban than nhiém vy phdi hyp tro khang dan dén né phai cé tinh khong & ximg. Mat khée dé vita dm béo phéi hop véi nguén va tai, déng thei vita dim bao phéi hop déu néi né véi cde khdu K va khau M 6 phia trong b6 I9c mét cach binh thudng, ngudi ta tao ra cdc khdu nay bing cach: tgo ra khdu M tir khdu loc K theo céch chuyén tong img, voi hé sb m=0,6, sau dé bé di khiiu M vita tao trén dé chi gidt Iai mdt nia. Voi hé s6 m=0,6 thi tré khang die tinh, @ clra vao va cita ra cia b6 loc sé dim bao thuan tro va én dinh, dam bao sy phdi hgp tré khang, vi ngudn va ti. ‘vo di chin cia kha toe M. Nhur vy dé dim bao ede Kha nay ¢6 cing , + | Zan Za) Zuuay Zan Zam Vidu: Thiét ké loc théng thap day du cé £ = 6000, va cé suy gidm song cng di sau vao dai chin cang tién téi 00. Gia: 1. Loc K: 2. =2.210 (1) = = ()=6008 (2) Ti (1) (2) suy ra: 2 =24.10 > =27 =600. =9,72 2. Loc M: 20 = 1-— p= 092 Page 50Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.$ ~ Hanoi University of Technology L! =mL = 0,929,72 = 8,94mH v =*2™ 1 =o41ma = = 041m Cl =mC =0,92.27 = 24,84nF 3. Phéi hop tré khang: (thay m= 0,6) LY =mL = 0,6.9,72 = 83mH 22 1, =259mH 4m = 250ml =mC = 0,6.27 = 16,2nF Lv" or ki 2. 915m ‘cont 4. Sat 8 aac t , Page 51Ly thuyét mach Daniel F.S ~ Hanoi University of Technology MUC LUC Khai nigm eo ban 1, Ngudn dge lap IL Nguén phu thud IIL. Cac théng s6 r, L, C,M IV. Cac théng s6 dang phite Cae phwong php phan tich mach dign 1, Dinh lugt Kircho fT TI, Dinh lugt Kirchof 11 IIL, Phuong phap dign ap nat 1V. Phuong phap dong dign ving V. Nguyén ly xép chong VI. Dinh ly nguén tuong dong VIL. Bién adi Laplace Mach qué d9 rC, rL, rLC Mach dao d6ng don . 1. Mach dao d6ng don néi tiép i. Il, Mach song song — déi ngau véi mach néi tiép Dé thi Bode Mang bén cue 1. HG phuong trinh tro khang ho mach IL. Hé phuong trinh din nap ngin mach III, Hg phuong trinh dc tinh truyén dat IV. Hé phuong trinh dac tinh truyén dat nguoe V. Hé phuong trinh dac tinh hén hop VI. Hé phuong trinh dac tinh hon hop nguge VII. Dinh ly Batlet ding cho 4 eye adi xing VIII. K¥ thuat tinh ton — Chuan héa gid tri IX. Néi ghép céc bén eye X. Ham truyén dat XL. Hé sé truyén dat XIL. Cac théng sé séng XIII. Bén cye tuyén tinh khong tuong ho Mach loc tan sé I. Mach loc logi K Il, Tre khang séng cia cde b6 Igc loai K IIL, Suy giém song, dich pha sing ciia cdc b6 loc loai K IV. Mach loc loai M V. Thiét ké b6 loc day di: Myc lye Trang peeee Wushu WL M1 1B 16 2 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 30 30 31 34 40 4. 42 44 45 49 Page 52