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  • DM tipe I and II: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Symptoms and Complications

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    Lilipory Gesti
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    1. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is caused by an autoimmune reaction that destroys the beta cells in the pancreas leading to insufficient insulin secretion and metabolic disorders like hyperglycemia. 2. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is caused by genetic and lifestyle factors like obesity that lead to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. 3. Both types of diabetes can result in serious complications affecting many organ systems if not properly managed through lifestyle changes, medication including insulin administration, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.

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    1. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is caused by an autoimmune reaction that destroys the beta cells in the pancreas leading to insufficient insulin secretion and metabolic disorders like hyperglycemia. 2. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is caused by genetic and lifestyle factors like obesity that lead to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. 3. Both types of diabetes can result in serious complications affecting many organ systems if not properly managed through lifestyle changes, medication including insulin administration, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.

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    28 views2 pages

    DM tipe I and II: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Symptoms and Complications

    Uploaded by

    Lilipory Gesti
    1. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is caused by an autoimmune reaction that destroys the beta cells in the pancreas leading to insufficient insulin secretion and metabolic disorders like hyperglycemia. 2. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is caused by genetic and lifestyle factors like obesity that lead to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. 3. Both types of diabetes can result in serious complications affecting many organ systems if not properly managed through lifestyle changes, medication including insulin administration, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.

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    of 2

    DM tipe I Diabetes Gestasional DM tipe II

    Etiologi : -Reaksi autoimun Etiologi :- Genetik (mutasi gen

    - Lingkungan (virus Mumps, Rubella, Virus t4 lainx) perubahan hormon glukokirase (kr.7)

    - Genetik (antigen HLA) - Gaya hidup/obesitas

    Infiltrasi leukosit Autoimun sel B Endapan lipid di vaskular R. GLUT 2 di sel

    Transport glukosa

    Destruksi sel B di Kelenjar Pankreas sekresi Insulin (-)/ Hiperglikemia

    Gangguan Metabolisme Resistensi insulin

    Sekresi insulin

    Lemak Karbohidrat Protein Hiperinsulinemia

    Hipertrigliserida lipolisis Glikogenesis, Btk glukosa BUN Sel beta terbeban

    Hiperkolesterolemia lemak bebas ke hati Glukoneogenesis GFR Glukosa sel polifagi

    Btk badan keton Hiperglikemiamekanisme energi Krsakan Glomerulus scr


    progresif
    LDL , HDL Ketonuria, ketonemia Glukosuria kompensasi pecah protein Sorbitol

    Gangguan keseimbangan Sekresi air polifagi lipolisis,glikogenesis Gagal Fruktosa


    ginjal
    asam basa Poliuria BB , lemas, lelah, tenaga

    Endapan lipid di vaskulerDiabetik ketoasidosisT. osmotik koloid plasma


    Kematian Dx : perubahan nutrisi
    Dx: Risiko kurang
    Dx: Risiko 33
    infeksi
    cidera
    Dx :
    Kelelahan
    Aterosklerosis Diabetik Ketoasidosis c.intrasel intavaskuler Osmolalitas intravaskuler

    Hipertensi Arteri Koronaria C.intrasel Polidipsi Jejas osmotik pd sel

    Kompensasi jantung Infark Miokard Dehidrasi Sel Schwann rusak Perisit kapiler retina
    Osmoreseptor di
    Atrofi otot Kematian Hiperosmolalitas
    hipotalamus
    Hipoksia sel2 perifer Mikroaneurisma retina

    Dekompensasi kordis Hemokonsentrasi Neuropati perifer


    Dx:
    Kematian Asidosis Metabolik mual, muntah G. motorik+ sensorik gangguan
    penglihata
    Organ reproduksi Serebro vaskular Koma Hipovolemi Sensasi nyeri
    Dx: risiko
    Impotensi seksual stroke Kematian Trauma tak trasa cedera
    Dx: kurang
    Kematian volume Ulcus Diabetik
    Dx: Dx :
    cairan
    Gangguan Pembedahan gangguan
    pola
    Kecacatan

    Sekresi insulin
    Dx: Gangguan
    Hiperglikemi citra diri
    Dx: risiko
    Pemberian insulin , Diet ++
    cedera palpitasi,berkeringat

    Glukosa k otak Hipoglikemi tremor, ketakutan, rasa lapar dan mual.

    Gangguan fungsi otak Aktivasi pusat autonom Koma

    pusing,penglihatan kabur,ktjman mental Hipotalamus

    ketajaman mental,kejang2,kesadaran Hormon Epinefrin Kematian

    34
    Dx:
    Mencari Dx: kurang
    Krisis situasi perubahan
    informasi pengetahuan
    proses

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