Percentages

Percentage is a fraction whose denominator is 100

24
o Example: 100 = 24%

And it is denoted as %

Examples:

1. 42%
a. It can be written as a fraction as =
b. It also can be written as a decimal =

1
2. 12
2 %
a. It can be written as a fraction as =
b. It also can be written as a decimal =

To change fraction and decimal to percentage, multiply the number

by 100%
2
o Convert 5 to percentage

o Convert 0.37 to percentage

More percentages

8% of 400 Express 50 km as a percentage of

120 km

20 cm as a percentage of 1 m 2% of what number is 20

Percentage Increase and Percentage Decrease

Format used:
Amount %
Original
Value
Inc or Dec
New Value

Examples:
1. Calculate the percentage increase from $20 to $50

Amount %
Original
Value
Inc or Dec
New Value

2. Calculate the percentage decrease from 50kg to 30kg

Amount %
Original
Value
Inc or Dec
New Value

3. There are 756 children in a school. The number is 5% more that it

was last year. Calculate the number of children there were in the
school last year

Amount %
Original
Value
Inc or Dec
New Value
 Profit and Loss
Remember this keywords:
Cost Price Selling Price Profit Loss
Marked price
Price during sell Increase Discount
Original price
Usual price Reduced
Normal price
Decrease

Format used:
Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P
Examples:
1. Find the selling price of an article if it was bought for $25 and made
profit of 12%

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

2. Find the selling price of a T-shirt if it was bought for $20 and made
loss of 20%

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

3. Find the cost of a watch if it made profit of 20% when it was sold for
$54

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

4. In a sale, prices are reduced by 25%. The price of a handbag in the

sale is $42. Find its normal price

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

5. Find the profit of an article if it was bought for $40 and sold for $56

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

6. Find the percentage profit of an article if it was bought for $40 and
sold for $48

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

7. Find the loss of an article if it was bought for $40 and sold for $36

Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

8. Find the percentage loss of a calculator if it was bought for $50 and
sold for $44
 Amount %
C.P
P/L
S.P

Questions from Exam Papers

1. In a sale a coat costing $250 is reduced to $200.

Find the percentage decrease in the cost.

2. Lei inherits $1400.

She spends $175 on a camera.
Work out $175 as a percentage of $1400

3. Ravi buys a car for $2500.

He sells it for $3300.
Calculate his percentage profit.

4. On 1 January 2000, the population of Norway was 4480 000, correct

to 3 significant figures.
 (ii) On 1 January 2011, the population of Norway was 4920000,
correct to 3 significant figures. Calculate the percentage increase in
the population

(i) Write this number in standard form.

5. Patrick buys some bananas for $35.

He sells all the bananas for $40.60.
Calculate his percentage profit.
Show all your working.

6. A football ground seats 28 750 people when it is full.

(a) Write 28 750 correct to the nearest thousand.

(b) One day 17 250 people attended a football match.

Work out 17 250 as a percentage of 28 750.

7. Aminata buys a business costing $23 000.

She pays part of this cost with $12 000 of her own money.
 Calculate what percentage of the $23 000 this is.

8. When Caroline left home she had $36.50.

She returned home with $12.74.
Calculate $12.74 as a percentage of $36.50.

9. Work out 72 cents as a percentage of 83 cents.

10. This year Mukthar now earns $19 750.50 .

Last year, Mukhtar earned $18 900
Calculate the percentage increase.