118678527-Configuration-Guide-Basic - ATN910-Configurations-V200R001C01-03 PDF

ATN 910 Multi - service Access Equipment
V200R001C01
Configuration Guide - Basic

Configurations
Issue 03
Date 2012-03-19
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations About This Document
About This Document
Related Version
The following table lists the product version related to this document.
Product Name Version
ATN 910 V200R001C01
Intended Audience
This document provides the basic concepts, configuration procedures, and configuration
examples in different application scenarios of the VRP Overview, Establishment of the
Configuration Environment, CLI Overview, Basic Configuration, User Management, File
System, Management of Configuration Files, FTP, TFTP, Telnet and SSH, Upgrade and
Maintenance features supported by the ATN 910 device.
This document is intended for:
l Commissioning Engineer
l Data Configuration Engineer
l Network Monitoring Engineer
l System Maintenance Engineer
Symbol Conventions
Symbol Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not

avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
DANGER
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which

if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
WARNING
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Symbol Description
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not

avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,
CAUTION
performance degradation, or unexpected results.
TIP Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save
time.
NOTE Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement

important points of the main text.
Command Conventions
Convention Description
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic Command arguments are in italics.
[] Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.
{ x | y | ... } Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected.
[ x | y | ... ] Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.
{ x | y | ... }* Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all
items can be selected.
[ x | y | ... ]* Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.
GUI Conventions
Convention Description
Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

are in boldface. For example, click OK.
> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.
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Change History
Updates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue contains
all updates made in previous issues.
Changes in Issue 03 (2012-03-19)

Known bugs are fixed.

Known bugs are fixed.

This document is the first release of the V200R001C01 version.
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Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii

1 Establishment of the Configuration Environment.................................................................1
1.1 Introduction to Establishment of the Configuration Environment.....................................................................2
1.1.1 Login Through the Console.......................................................................................................................2
1.1.2 Login Through Telnet................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Logging In to the Device Through the Console Port..........................................................................................2
1.2.1 Establishing the Configuration Task.........................................................................................................3
1.2.2 Establishing the Physical Connection........................................................................................................3
1.2.3 Configuring Terminals..............................................................................................................................4
1.2.4 Logging In to the Device...........................................................................................................................4
1.3 Logging In to Device Through Telnet................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Establishing the Configuration Task.........................................................................................................5
1.3.2 Establishing the Physical Connection........................................................................................................5
1.3.3 Configuring Login User Parameters..........................................................................................................6
1.3.4 Logging In from the Telnet Client.............................................................................................................6
1.4 Configuration Examples.....................................................................................................................................6
1.4.1 Example for Logging In Through the Console Port..................................................................................7
1.4.2 Example for Logging In Through Telnet..................................................................................................9
2 CLI Overview...............................................................................................................................12
2.1 CLI Introduction...............................................................................................................................................13
2.1.1 Command Line Interface.........................................................................................................................13
2.1.2 Command Levels.....................................................................................................................................13
2.1.3 Command Line Views.............................................................................................................................16
2.2 Online Help.......................................................................................................................................................17
2.2.1 Full Help..................................................................................................................................................17
2.2.2 Partial Help..............................................................................................................................................18
2.2.3 Error Messages of the Command Line Interface.....................................................................................18
2.3 Features of Command Line Interface...............................................................................................................19
2.3.1 Editing.....................................................................................................................................................19
2.3.2 Displaying................................................................................................................................................19
2.3.3 Regular Expressions................................................................................................................................20
2.3.4 History Commands..................................................................................................................................23
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2.3.5 Batch Command Execution.....................................................................................................................24

2.4 Shortcut Keys...................................................................................................................................................24
2.4.1 Classifying Shortcut Keys.......................................................................................................................25
2.4.2 Defining Shortcut Keys...........................................................................................................................26
2.4.3 Use of Shortcut Keys...............................................................................................................................26
2.5 Configuration Examples...................................................................................................................................27
2.5.1 Example for Running Commands in Batches..........................................................................................27
2.5.2 Example for Using Tab............................................................................................................................28
2.5.3 Example for Using Shortcut Keys...........................................................................................................29
2.5.4 Copying Commands Using Shortcut Keys..............................................................................................29
3 Basic Configuration.....................................................................................................................31
3.1 Basic Configuration Introduction.....................................................................................................................32
3.2 Configuring the Basic System Environment....................................................................................................32
3.2.1 Establishing the Configuration Task.......................................................................................................32
3.2.2 Switching the Language Mode................................................................................................................33
3.2.3 Configuring the Equipment Name...........................................................................................................33
3.2.4 Setting the System Clock.........................................................................................................................34
3.2.5 Configuring a Header..............................................................................................................................35
3.2.6 Configuring Command Levels................................................................................................................35
3.2.7 Configuring the Undo Command to Match in the Previous View Automatically..................................36
3.3 Configuring Basic User Environment..............................................................................................................37
3.3.2 Configuring the Password for Switching User Levels............................................................................38
3.3.3 Switching User Levels.............................................................................................................................38
3.3.4 Locking User Interfaces...........................................................................................................................39
3.4 Displaying System Status Messages.................................................................................................................39
3.4.1 Displaying System Configuration...........................................................................................................40
3.4.2 Displaying System Status........................................................................................................................40
3.4.3 Collecting System Diagnostic Information.............................................................................................40
4 User Management........................................................................................................................42
4.1 User Management Introduction........................................................................................................................44
4.1.1 User Interface View.................................................................................................................................44
4.1.2 User Management....................................................................................................................................45
4.2 Configuring Console User Interface.................................................................................................................46
4.2.2 Configuring Console Interface Attributes...............................................................................................47
4.2.3 Setting Console Terminal Attributes.......................................................................................................48
4.2.4 Configuring User Priority........................................................................................................................49
4.2.5 Configuring User Authentication............................................................................................................49
4.2.6 Checking the Configuration.....................................................................................................................50
4.3 Configuring VTY User Interface......................................................................................................................51
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4.3.2 Configuring Maximum VTY User Interfaces.........................................................................................51

4.3.3 (Optional)Configuring Limits for Incoming Calls and Outgoing Calls..................................................52
4.3.4 Configuring VTY Terminal Attributes....................................................................................................53
4.3.5 Configuring User Authentication............................................................................................................54
4.4 Managing User Interfaces.................................................................................................................................55
4.4.2 Sending Messages to Other User Interfaces............................................................................................56
4.4.3 Clearing Online User...............................................................................................................................56
4.5 Configuring User Authentication.....................................................................................................................57
4.5.2 Configuring Authentication Mode...........................................................................................................58
4.5.3 Configuring Authentication Password.....................................................................................................58
4.5.4 Setting Username and Password for AAA Local Authentication...........................................................59
4.5.5 Configuring Non-Authentication.............................................................................................................60
4.5.6 Configuring User Priority........................................................................................................................60
4.6 Configuring Exclusive Configuration Access..................................................................................................61
4.6.1 (Optional) Viewing the Current Locked Configuration Set....................................................................61
4.6.2 Enabling Exclusive Configuration Access..............................................................................................61
4.6.3 (Optional) Setting the Unlocking Time...................................................................................................62
4.7 Configuring Local User Management..............................................................................................................62
4.7.2 Creating a Local User Account...............................................................................................................63
4.7.3 Configuring the Type of the Service That the Local User Accesses.......................................................64
4.7.4 Configuring the Local User Authority of Accessing the FTP Directory.................................................64
4.7.5 Configuring Local User Status................................................................................................................65
4.7.6 Configuring the Local User Level...........................................................................................................66
4.7.7 Setting the Maximum Number of Access Users with the Same User Name...........................................66
4.7.8 Configuring a ATN equipment to Cut off Idle Access Users..................................................................67
4.7.9 Local Users Changing the Passwords......................................................................................................67
4.7.10 Checking the Configuration...................................................................................................................68
4.8 Configuring an NM User to Log in to a Device in VTY Mode.......................................................................68
4.8.2 Configuring an NM User.........................................................................................................................69
4.8.3 Configuring the Authentication Mode of an NM User............................................................................69
4.8.4 Switching to Machine-to-Machine Mode................................................................................................70
4.9 Configuration Examples...................................................................................................................................71
4.9.1 Example for Configuring Logging In to the ATN Through Password....................................................71
4.9.2 Example for Logging In to the Device Through AAA............................................................................72
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4.9.3 Example for Configuring an NMS User to Manage Devices in Machine-to-machine Mode.................73
5 File System....................................................................................................................................76
5.1 File System Introduction..................................................................................................................................77
5.1.1 File System..............................................................................................................................................77
5.1.2 File System Supported by the ATN 910..................................................................................................77
5.1.3 File...........................................................................................................................................................77
5.1.4 Directory..................................................................................................................................................78
5.2 Managing Storage Devices...............................................................................................................................78
5.2.2 Restoring Storage Devices with File System Troubles...........................................................................78
5.2.3 Formatting Storage Devices....................................................................................................................79
5.3 Managing the Directory....................................................................................................................................79
5.3.2 Viewing the Current Directory................................................................................................................80
5.3.3 Switching a Directory..............................................................................................................................80
5.3.4 Displaying a Directory or File.................................................................................................................81
5.3.5 Creating a Directory................................................................................................................................81
5.3.6 Deleting a Directory................................................................................................................................81
5.4 Managing Files.................................................................................................................................................82
5.4.2 Displaying Contents of Files...................................................................................................................82
5.4.3 Copying Files...........................................................................................................................................83
5.4.4 Moving Files............................................................................................................................................84
5.4.5 Renaming Files........................................................................................................................................84
5.4.6 Compressing Files...................................................................................................................................85
5.4.7 Deleting Files...........................................................................................................................................85
5.4.8 Deleting Files in the Recycle Bin............................................................................................................85
5.4.9 Undeleting Files.......................................................................................................................................86
5.4.10 Running Files in Batch..........................................................................................................................86
5.4.11 Configuring Prompt Modes...................................................................................................................86
5.5 Example for Managing Files............................................................................................................................87
6 Management of Configuration Files........................................................................................89

6.1 Management of Configuration Files Introduction............................................................................................90
6.1.1 Configuration Files..................................................................................................................................90
6.1.2 Configuration Files and Current Configurations.....................................................................................90
6.2 Managing Configuration Files..........................................................................................................................90
6.2.2 Configuring System Software for a ATN equipment to Load for the Next Startup................................91
6.2.3 Configuring the Configuration File for ATN to Load for the Next Startup............................................92
6.2.4 Saving Configuration Files......................................................................................................................92
6.2.5 Clearing a Configuration File..................................................................................................................94
6.2.6 Comparing Configuration Files...............................................................................................................94
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7 FTP and TFTP...............................................................................................................................96

7.1 FTP and TFTP Introduction.............................................................................................................................97
7.1.1 FTP..........................................................................................................................................................97
7.1.2 TFTP........................................................................................................................................................97
7.2 Configuring the ATN to be the FTP Server.....................................................................................................97
7.2.2 (Optional) Specifying a Port Number for the FTP Server.......................................................................98
7.2.3 Enabling the FTP Server..........................................................................................................................99
7.2.4 Configuring the Source IP Address of the FTP Server...........................................................................99
7.2.5 (Optional) Configuring the Timeout Period..........................................................................................100
7.2.6 Configuring the Local Username and the Password.............................................................................100
7.2.7 Configuring the Service Type and Authorization Information..............................................................101
7.3 Configuring FTP ACL....................................................................................................................................102
7.3.1 Establishing the Configuration Task.....................................................................................................102
7.3.2 Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................102
7.3.3 Configuring a Basic ACL......................................................................................................................103
7.3.4 Configuring the Basic FTP ACL...........................................................................................................103
7.4 Configuring the ATN to Be the FTP Client...................................................................................................104
7.4.2 (Optional) Configuring Source IP Address and Interface of the FTP Client........................................105
7.4.3 Logging In to the FTP Server................................................................................................................106
7.4.4 Configuring Data Type and Transmission Mode for the File...............................................................106
7.4.5 (Optional) Viewing Online Help of the FTP Command.......................................................................107
7.4.6 Uploading or Downloading Files..........................................................................................................107
7.4.7 Managing Directories............................................................................................................................108
7.4.8 Managing Files......................................................................................................................................108
7.4.9 (Optional) Changing Login Users.........................................................................................................109
7.4.10 Disconnecting from the FTP Server....................................................................................................109
7.4.11 Checking the Configuration.................................................................................................................110
7.5 Configuring the ATN to Be the TFTP Client.................................................................................................110
7.5.2 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for a TFTP Client...........................................................111
7.5.3 Downloading Files Through TFTP........................................................................................................111
7.5.4 Uploading Files Through TFTP............................................................................................................112
7.6 Limiting the Access to the TFTP Server........................................................................................................112
7.6.2 Configuring the Basic ACL...................................................................................................................113
7.6.3 Configuring the Basic TFTP ACL.........................................................................................................114
7.7 Configuration Examples.................................................................................................................................114
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7.7.1 Example for Configuring FTP...............................................................................................................114

7.7.2 Example for Configuring the FTP Client..............................................................................................116
7.7.3 Example for Configuring TFTP............................................................................................................117
8 Telnet and SSH..........................................................................................................................120

8.1 Telnet and SSH Introduction..........................................................................................................................121
8.1.1 Overview of User Login........................................................................................................................121
8.1.2 Telnet Terminal Services.......................................................................................................................121
8.1.3 SSH Terminal Services..........................................................................................................................123
8.2 Configuring Telnet Terminal Services...........................................................................................................125
8.2.2 Enabling the Telnet Service...................................................................................................................126
8.2.3 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for an Telnet Client........................................................127
8.2.4 Establishing a Telnet Connection..........................................................................................................127
8.2.5 (Optional) Configuring a Telnet Server Port Number...........................................................................127
8.2.6 (Optional) Scheduled Telnet Disconnection..........................................................................................128
8.3 Configuring SSH Users..................................................................................................................................129
8.3.2 Creating SSH User.................................................................................................................................130
8.3.3 Configuring SSH for the VTY User Interface.......................................................................................130
8.3.4 Generating a Local RSA Key Pair.........................................................................................................131
8.3.5 Configuring the Authentication Mode for SSH Users...........................................................................131
8.3.6 (Optional) Configuring the Basic Authentication Information for SSH Users.....................................133
8.3.7 (Optional) Authorizing SSH Users Through the Command Line.........................................................134
8.3.8 Configuring the Service Type of SSH Users.........................................................................................134
8.3.9 (Optional) Configuring the Authorized Directory of the SFTP Service for SSH Users.......................135
8.4 Configuring the SSH Server Function............................................................................................................135
8.4.2 Enabling the STelnet Service................................................................................................................136
8.4.3 Enabling the SFTP Service....................................................................................................................137
8.4.4 (Optional) Enabling the Earlier Version - Compatible Function...........................................................137
8.4.5 (Optional) Configuring the Number of the Port Monitored by the SSH Server....................................138
8.4.6 (Optional) Configuring the Interval for Updating the Key Pair on the SSH Server..............................138
8.5 Configuring the STelnet Client Function.......................................................................................................139
8.5.2 Enabling the First-Time Authentication on the SSH Client..................................................................140
8.5.3 (Optional) Assigning an RSA Public Key to the SSH Server...............................................................141
8.5.4 Enabling the STelnet Client...................................................................................................................142
8.6 Configuring the SFTP Client Function...........................................................................................................143
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8.6.2 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for an SFTP Client.........................................................144
8.6.3 Configuring the First-Time Authentication on the SSH Client.............................................................144
8.6.4 (Optional) Assigning an RSA Public Key to the SSH Server...............................................................145
8.6.5 Enabling the SFTP Client......................................................................................................................146
8.6.6 (Optional) Managing the Directory.......................................................................................................147
8.6.7 (Optional) Managing the File................................................................................................................148
8.6.8 (Optional) Displaying the SFTP Client Command Help.......................................................................149
8.7 Configuration Examples.................................................................................................................................150
8.7.1 Example for Configuring Telnet Services.............................................................................................150
9 Device Maintenance..................................................................................................................153
9.1 Introduction of Device Maintenance..............................................................................................................154
9.1.1 Overview of Device Maintenance.........................................................................................................154
9.1.2 Maintenance Features Supported by the ATN 910...............................................................................154
9.2 Monitoring the Device Status.........................................................................................................................154
9.2.1 Displaying the System Version Information.........................................................................................154
9.2.2 Displaying Basic Information About the Router...................................................................................155
9.2.3 Displaying the Electronic Label............................................................................................................155
9.2.4 Displaying the Threshold of the Memory Usage...................................................................................156
9.2.5 Displaying the Threshold of CPU Usage..............................................................................................156
9.2.6 Displaying Alarm Information..............................................................................................................156
9.2.7 Displaying the Board Temperature........................................................................................................157
9.2.8 Displaying the Board Voltage...............................................................................................................157
9.2.9 Displaying the Power Supply Status.....................................................................................................158
9.2.10 Displaying the Sequence Number of the MPU...................................................................................158
9.3 Board Maintence ............................................................................................................................................158
9.3.1 Resetting a Board...................................................................................................................................158
10 Patch Management..................................................................................................................160
10.1 Introduction of Patch Management..............................................................................................................161
10.1.1 Overview of Patch Management.........................................................................................................161
10.1.2 Patches Supported by the ATN 910....................................................................................................162
10.2 Checking the Running of Patch in the System.............................................................................................163
10.2.1 Establishing the Configuration Task...................................................................................................163
10.2.2 Checking the Running of Patch in the System....................................................................................164
10.2.3 (Optional) Deleting a Patch.................................................................................................................164
10.3 Loading a Patch............................................................................................................................................165
10.3.2 Loading a Patch...................................................................................................................................165
10.4 Installing a Patch..........................................................................................................................................166
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10.4.2 Loading a Patch...................................................................................................................................167

10.4.3 Activating a Patch................................................................................................................................167
10.4.4 Running a Patch...................................................................................................................................167
10.5 (Optional) Unactivating the activating of Patch...........................................................................................168
10.5.2 Deactivating a Patch............................................................................................................................169
10.6 Configuration Examples of the Patch Management.....................................................................................169
10.6.1 Example for Installing a Patch.............................................................................................................169
A Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................................................172
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Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 1 Establishment of the Configuration Environment
1 Establishment of the Configuration

Environment
About This Chapter
Before configuring ATN equipments, you need to establish the configuration environment.
1.1 Introduction to Establishment of the Configuration Environment

You can log in to ATN equipments through console port, or Telnet.
1.2 Logging In to the Device Through the Console Port
This section describes how to connect a terminal to a ATN equipment through the console port
to establish the configuration environment.
1.3 Logging In to Device Through Telnet
This section describes how to connect a terminal to a ATN equipment through Telnet to establish
the configuration environment.
1.4 Configuration Examples
This section provides examples for configuring users to log in to the ATN equipment through
the console port or Telnet together with the configuration flowchart. The configuration examples
explain networking requirements, configuration notes, and configuration roadmap.
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1.1 Introduction to Establishment of the Configuration

Environment
You can log in to ATN equipments through console port, or Telnet.
1.1.1 Login Through the Console

When a ATN equipment is powered on for the first time or a ATN equipment needs to be locally
configured, you can log in to the ATN equipment through the console port.
In the following cases, a ATN equipment can be configured only through the console port:
l The ATN equipment is powered on for the first time.

l The subscriber cannot login through Telnet.
1.1.2 Login Through Telnet

If you know the IP address of a ATN equipment, you can log in to the ATN equipment through
Telnet to perform local or remote configurations.
YYou need to pre-configure the IP addresses of interfaces, the user account, the authentication
mode, and the incoming and outgoing call restriction through the console interface on the ATN
equipment. Also, ensure that directly-connected or reachable ATN equipment exist between
terminals and the ATN equipment.
The destination ATN equipment authenticates the user based on the configured parameters in
three modes:
l Password authentication: indicates that the login user should enter the correct password.
l AAA local authentication: indicates that the login user should enter the correct username
and password.
l None authentication: indicates that the login user need not enter the username or password.
If the login succeeds, a command line prompt such as <HUAWEI> appears on the Telnet client
interface.
Enter a command to check the running status of the ATN equipment or to configure the ATN
equipment.
Enter "?" for help.
NOTE
Do not modify the IP address of the ATN equipment when you configure the ATN equipment through
Telnet because the modification may terminate Telnet connection. Otherwise, set up the connection again
after entering a new IP address.
1.2 Logging In to the Device Through the Console Port

This section describes how to connect a terminal to a ATN equipment through the console port
to establish the configuration environment.

1.2.1 Establishing the Configuration Task

Before configuring log in to the ATN equipment through the console port, familiarize yourself
with the applicable environment, complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain any data
required for the configuration. This will help you complete the configuration task quickly and
correctly.
Applicable Environment
If you log in to the ATN equipment for the first time or perform the local configuration, you
need to log in to the ATN equipment through the console port.
NOTE
If you cannot use Telnet to log in to the ATN equipment, you need to log in to the ATN equipment through
the console port.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring login to the ATN equipment through the console port, complete the following
tasks:
l Preparing the PC/terminal (including serial port and RS-232 cables)

l Installing terminal emulation program on the PC (such as Windows XP HyperTerminal)
Data Preparation
To log in to the ATN equipment through the console port, you need the following data.
NOTE
If the AAA authentication mode is configured for users to log in to the ATN equipment through the console
port, the correct username and password must be entered for a successful login.
No. Data
1 Terminal communication parameters

l Baud rate
l Data bit
l Parity
l Stop bit
l Flow-control mode
2 (Optional) Username and password to be entered for a successful login in AAA

authentication mode
1.2.2 Establishing the Physical Connection

This part describes how to physically connect a terminal to a ATN equipment before login to
the ATN equipment through the console port.

Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment:
Procedure
Step 1 Connect the COM port on the PC and the console port on the ATN equipment by a cable.
Step 2 Power on all devices to perform a self-check.
----End
1.2.3 Configuring Terminals

This part describes how to configure the terminal before login to the ATN equipment through
the console port.
Context
Do as follows on the PC:
Procedure
Step 1 Run the terminal emulation program on the PC, setting the communication parameters as
follows:
l Baud rate: 38400 bps
l Data bit: 8
l Stop bit: 1
l Parity: none
l Flow control: none
----End
1.2.4 Logging In to the Device

This part describes how to log in to the ATN equipment through the console port.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Press Enter until a command line prompt such as <HUAWEI> appears. Now the user view is
displayed for you to configure the ATN equipment.
NOTE
If the AAA or Password authentication mode is configured for users to log in to the ATN equipment through
the console interface, the correct user name and password must be entered for a successful login.
----End

1.3 Logging In to Device Through Telnet

This section describes how to connect a terminal to a ATN equipment through Telnet to establish
the configuration environment.

Before configuring login to the ATN equipment through Telnet, familiarize yourself with the
applicable environment, complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This
can help you complete the configuration task quickly and accurately.
If you know the IP address of the ATN equipment, you can log in to the ATN equipment through
Telnet for local or remote configuration.
Before configuring the ATN equipment through Telnet, complete the following tasks:
l Powering on devices and performing a self-check

l Preparing the PC (including the serial port and Ethernet crossover/direct cable)
Data Preparation
To log in to the ATN equipment through Telnet, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 IP address of the PC
2 IP address of the Ethernet interface on the ATN equipment
3 User information accessed through Telnet:

l User name
l Password
l Authentication mode
1.3.2 Establishing the Physical Connection

This part describes how to physically connect a terminal to a ATN equipment before login to
the ATN equipment through Telnet.
Prerequisites
Establishing the Physical Connection are complete.

Procedure
Step 1 Connect the ATN equipment and the PC directly or connect the ATN equipment and the PC to
the network through cables.
----End
1.3.3 Configuring Login User Parameters

This part describes how to configure user parameters for login to the ATN equipment through
Telnet.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Configure the authentication mode of login users.
Step 2 Configure the authority limitation of login user.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
For details, refer to Chapter 5 "User Management".
1.3.4 Logging In from the Telnet Client

This part describes how to log in to the ATN equipment through Telnet.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run the Telnet program on the PC that functions as a client, and enter the IP address of the
interface on the destination ATN equipment that provides the Telnet service.
Step 2 Enter the user name and password in the login window. After authentication, a command line
prompt such as <HUAWEI> appears. Now enter the configuration environment in the user view.
----End

This section provides examples for configuring users to log in to the ATN equipment through
the console port or Telnet together with the configuration flowchart. The configuration examples
explain networking requirements, configuration notes, and configuration roadmap.

1.4.1 Example for Logging In Through the Console Port

In this example, you can configure the PC so as to log in to the ATN equipment through the
console port.
Networking Requirements
Initialize the configuration of the ATN equipment when the ATN equipment is powered on for
the first time.
Figure 1-1 Networking diagram of logging in through the console port
PC ATN
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Connect the PC and the ATN equipment through the console port.
2. Configure the login on the PC end.
3. Log in to the ATN equipment.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the terminal communication parameters (including
baud rate, data bit, parity, stop bit, and flow control).
Procedure
Step 1 Connect the serial port of the PC (or terminal) to the console port of the ATN equipment through
a standard RS-232 cable. The local configuration environment is established.
Step 2 Run the terminal emulation program on the PC. Set the terminal communication parameters to
be 38400 bps, data bit to be 8, stop bit to be 1. Specify no parity and no flow control as shown
from Figure 1-2 to Figure 1-4.

Figure 1-2 New connection
Figure 1-3 Setting the port

Figure 1-4 Setting the port communication parameters
Step 3 Power on the ATN equipment to perform a self-check and the system performs automatic
configuration. When the self-check ends, you are prompted to press Enter until a command line
prompt such as <HUAWEI> appears.
Enter the command to check the running status of the ATN equipment or configure the ATN
equipment.
Enter "?" for help.
For details, refer to the following chapters.
----End
1.4.2 Example for Logging In Through Telnet

In this example, you can configure user parameters so as to log in to the ATN equipment from
the PC or other terminals through Telnet.
You can log in to the ATN equipment on other network segments through the PC or other
terminals to perform remote maintenance.

Figure 1-5 Establishing the configuration environment through WAN
WAN
PC ATN Target
ATN
1. Establish the physical connection.

2. Configure user login parameters.
3. Log in to the ATN equipment from the client side.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data
l IP address of the PC
l IP address of the Ethernet interface on the ATN equipment
l User information accessed through Telnet (including the user name, password, and
authentication mode)
Procedure
Step 1 Connect the PC and the ATN equipment to the network.
Step 2 Configure login user parameters on the target ATN equipment.
# Configure the login address

<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] interface ethernet 0/0/0
[HUAWEI-Ethernet0/0/0] undo shutdown
[HUAWEI-Ethernet0/0/0] ip address 202.38.160.92 255.255.0.0
[HUAWEI-Ethernet0/0/0] quit
# Configure login authentication mode

[HUAWEI] aaa
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei password cipher hello
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei service-type telnet
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei level 3
[HUAWEI-aaa] quit
[HUAWEI] user-interface vty 0 4
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0-14] authentication-mode aaa
Step 3 Configure the client login.
Run the Telnet on the PC, as shown in Figure 1-6.

Figure 1-6 Running the Telnet program on the PC
Click OK.
Enter the user name and password in the login window. After authentication, a command line
prompt such as <HUAWEI> appears. Now enter the configuration environment in the user view.
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 2 CLI Overview
2 CLI Overview
About This Chapter
Users operate devices, that is, configure the device and perform routine maintenance, by entering
command lines.
2.1 CLI Introduction

The command line interface (CLI) is the common tool for running commands.
2.2 Online Help
When you enter command lines or configure services, online help offers real-time help in
addition to the configuration guide.
2.3 Features of Command Line Interface
You can edit command lines, display command lines, use the regular expression for command
lines, and invoke historical commands.
2.4 Shortcut Keys
Using the system or user-defined shortcut keys makes it easier to enter commands.
This section provides several examples for using command lines.

2.1 CLI Introduction

The command line interface (CLI) is the common tool for running commands.
2.1.1 Command Line Interface

You can configure and manage a ATN equipment by using the CLI commands.
When a prompt appears, you enter the command line interface (CLI) and interact with ATN
equipment through CLI.
The system provides a series of configuration commands. You can configure and manage the
ATN equipment by entering commands on CLI.
The characteristics of CLI are as follows:
l Local or remote configuration through AUX port.

l Local configuration through console port.
l Local or remote configuration through Telnet or Secure Shell (SSH).
l A user interface view for specific configuration management.
l Hierarchical command protection for users of different levels, that is, running the
commands of the corresponding level.
l None authentication, password authentication and Authentication, Authorization and
Accounting (AAA) to prevent the unauthorized user from accessing the ATN equipment.
l Entering "?" for online help at any time.
l Network testing commands such as tracert and ping for rapidly diagnosing a network.
l Abundant debugging information to help in diagnosing the network.
l The telnet command for directly logging in to and manage other ATN equipment.
l FTP service for file uploading and downloading.
l Running a history command, like DosKey.
l A command line interpreter provides intelligent command resolution methods such as key
word fuzzy match and context conjunction. These methods make it easy for users to enter
their commands.
NOTE
l The system supports the command with up to 512 characters. The command can be incomplete.
l The system saves the incomplete command to the configuration files in the complete form; therefore,
the command may have more than 512 characters. When the system is restarted, however, the
incomplete command cannot be restored. Therefore, pay attention to the length of the incomplete
command.
2.1.2 Command Levels

The system adopts a hierarchical protection mode that has 16 command levels.
The default command levels are as follows:

l Level 0-Visit level: Commands of this level include commands of network diagnosis tool
(such as ping and tracert) and commands that start from the local device and visit external
device (such as Telnet client side).
l Level 1-Monitoring level: Commands of this level, including the display commands, are
used for system maintenance and fault diagnosis.
l Level 2-Configuration level: Commands of this level are service configuration commands
that provide direct network service to the user, including routing and network layer
commands.
l Level 3-Management level: Commands of this level are commands that influence the basic
operation of the system and provide support to the service. They include file system
commands, FTP commands, TFTP commands, configuration file switching commands,
power supply control commands, backup board control commands, user management
commands, level setting commands, system internal parameter setting commands, and
debugging commands that are used for fault diagnosis.
CAUTION
Not all display commands are of the monitoring level. For example, the display current-
configuration and display saved-configuration commands are of the management level. For
the level of a command, see the ATN 910 Command Reference.
To implement efficient management, you can increase the command levels to 0-15. For the
increase in the command levels, refer to Chapter 4 "Basic Configuration" Configuring Command
Levels in the ATN 910 Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations.
NOTE
l The default command level may be higher than the command level defined according to the command
rules in application.
l Login users have the same 16 levels as the command levels. The login users can use only the command
of the levels that are equal to or lower than their own levels. For details of login user levels, refer to
Chapter 5 "User Login."
Searching Commands Based on Command Levels

You can search for all commands of a specific level simultaneously. The procedure is as follows:
1. Open the command reference (.chm.) file.
2. Click the "Search" tab. The search window will be displayed as shown in Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Entering the search window
3. Enter a desired command level in the "Type in the word(s) to search for" textbox and click
"List Topics". All commands of the specified level will be displayed as shown in Figure
2-2.

Figure 2-2 Searching commands based on a specific level
2.1.3 Command Line Views

The command line interface has different command views. All the commands are registered in
one or more command views. You can run a command only when you enter the corresponding
command view.
# Establish connection with the ATN equipment. If the ATN equipment adopts the default
configuration, you can enter the user view with the prompt of <HUAWEI>.
<HUAWEI>
# Type system-view, and you can enter the system view.

[HUAWEI]
# Type aaa in the system view, and you can enter the AAA view.
[HUAWEI] aaa
[HUAWEI-aaa]
NOTE
The prompt <HUAWEI> indicates the default ATN equipment name. The prompt <> indicates the user
view and the prompt [] indicates other views.

Some commands that are implemented in the system view can also be implemented in the other
views; however, the functions that can be implemented are command view-specific. For
example, the mpls command (for enabling MPLS) can be run in the system view to enable the
MPLS capability globally. Although it can also be run in the interface view, the MPLS capability
is enabled only on the interface.
2.2 Online Help

When you enter command lines or configure services, online help offers real-time help in
addition to the configuration guide.
Context
The command line of ATN 910 provides three types of online help:
l Full help
l Partial help
l Error Messages of the Command Line Interface
2.2.1 Full Help

When you enter a command line, you can view the description of keywords or parameters in the
command line through the Full Help.
Context
You can obtain the full help of the command line in the following ways.
Procedure
l Enter "?" in any command line view to display all the commands and their simple
descriptions.
<HUAWEI> ?
l Enter a command and "?" separated by a space. If the key word is at this position, all key
words and their simple descriptions are displayed. For example:
<HUAWEI> language-mode ?
Chinese Chinese environment
English English environment
Chinese and English are keywords; Chinese environment and English environment
describe the keywords respectively.
l Enter a command and "?" separated by a space, and if a parameter is at this position, the
related parameter names and parameter descriptions are displayed. For example:
[HUAWEI] ftp timeout ?
INTEGER<1-35791> The value of FTP timeout, the default value is 30 minutes
[HUAWEI] ftp timeout 35 ?
<cr>
In the preceding display, INTEGER<1-35791> describes the parameter value; The value
of FTP timeout, the default value is 30 minutes is a simple description of the parameter
usage; <cr> indicates that no parameter is at this position. The command is repeated in the
next command line. You can press Enter to run the command.
----End

2.2.2 Partial Help

When you enter a command line, you can obtain prompts on the keywords or parameters at the
beginning of the string through the Partial Help.
Context
You can obtain the partial help of the command line in the following ways.
Procedure
l Enter a character string with a "?" closely following it to display all commands that begin
with this character string.
<HUAWEI> d?
debugging delete
dir display
l Enter a command and a character string with "?" closely following it to display all the key
words that begin with this character string.
<HUAWEI> display b?
bfd bgp
bootrom buffer
bulk-stat
l Enter the first several letters of a key word in the command and then press Tab to display
the complete key word on the condition that the letters uniquely identify the key word.
Otherwise, if you continue to press Tab, different key words are displayed. You can select
the needed key word.
----End
2.2.3 Error Messages of the Command Line Interface

If an entered command passes the syntax check, the system executes it. Otherwise, the system
prompts an error message.
All the commands entered by the user are run correctly, if the grammar check has been passed.
Otherwise, error messages are reported to the user. See Table 2-1 for the common error
messages.
Table 2-1 Common error messages of the command line

Error messages Cause of the error
Unrecognized command The command cannot be found
The key word cannot be found
Wrong parameter Parameter type error
The parameter value exceeds the limit
Incomplete command Incomplete command entered
Too many parameters Too many parameters entered
Ambiguous command Indefinite parameters entered

2.3 Features of Command Line Interface

You can edit command lines, display command lines, use the regular expression for command
lines, and invoke historical commands.
2.3.1 Editing
The editing function of command lines helps you edit command lines or obtain help by using
certain keys.
The command line supports multi-line edition. The maximum length of each command is 512
characters.
Keys for editing that are often used are shown in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2 Keys for editing

Key Function
Common key Inserts a character in the current position of the cursor if the editing
buffer is not full and the cursor moves to the right. Otherwise, an
alarm is generated.
Backspace Deletes the character on the left of the cursor that moves to the
left. When the cursor reaches the head of the command, an alarm
is generated.
Left cursor key or Moves the cursor to the left by the space of a character. When the
Ctrl_B cursor reaches the head of the command, an alarm is generated.
Right cursor key or Moves the cursor to the right by the space of a character. When
Ctrl_F the cursor reaches the end of the command, an alarm is generated.
Tab Press Tab after typing the incomplete key word and the system
runs the partial help:
l If the matching key word is unique, the system replaces the
typed one with the complete key word and displays it in a new
line with the cursor a space behind.
l If there are several matches or no match at all, the system
displays the prefix first. Then you can press Tab to view the
matching key word one by one. In this case, the cursor closely
follows the end of the word and you can type a space to enter
the next word.
l If a wrong key word is entered, press Tab and the word is
displayed in a new line.
2.3.2 Displaying
All command lines have the same displaying feature. You can construct the displaying mode as
required.

You can control the display of information on CLI as follows:

l Display prompt and help information in both Chinese and English.
l When the information displayed exceeds a full screen, it provides the pause function. In
this case, the user has three choices as shown in Table 2-3.
Table 2-3 Keys for displaying

Key Function
Ctrl_C Stops the display and running of the command.
Space Continues to display the information on the next screen.
Enter Continues to display the information on the next line.
2.3.3 Regular Expressions

The regular expression is a mode matching tool. You can construct the matching mode based
on certain rules, and then match the mode with the target object.
The regular expression is an expression that describes a set of strings. It consists of common
characters (such as letters from "a" to "z") and particular characters (also named metacharacters).
The regular expression is a template according to which you can search for the required string.
A regular expression can provide the following functions:
l Searching for and obtaining a sub-string that matches a rule in the string.
l Substituting a string according to a certain matching rule.
Formal Language Theory of the Regular Expression

The regular expression consists of common characters and particular characters.
l Common characters
Common characters are used to match themselves in a string, including all upper-case and
lower-case letters, digits, punctuations, and special symbols. For example, a matches the
letter "a" in "abc", 202 matches the digit "202" in "202.113.25.155", and @ matches the
symbol "@" in "xxx@xxx.com".
l Particular characters
Particular characters are used together with common characters to match the complex or
particular string combination. Table 2-4 describes particular characters and their syntax.

Table 2-4 Description of particular characters

Particul Syntax Example
ar
characte
r
\ Defines an escape character, which \* matches "*".

is used to mark the next character
(common or particular) as the
common character.
^ Matches the starting position of the ^10 matches "10.10.10.1" instead of

string. "20.10.10.1".
$ Matches the ending position of the 1$ matches "10.10.10.1" instead of

string. "10.10.10.2".
* Matches the preceding element zero 10* matches "1", "10", "100", and
or more times. "1000".
(10)* matches "null", "10", "1010",
and "101010".
+ Matches the preceding element one 10+ matches "10", "100", and
or more times "1000".
(10)+ matches "10", "1010", and
"101010".
? Matches the preceding element zero 10? matches "1" and "10".
or one time. (10)? matches "null" and "10".
. Matches any single character. 0.0 matches "0x0" and "020".

.oo matches "book", "look", and
"tool".
() Defines a subexpression, which can 100(200)+ matches "100200" and

be null. Both the expression and the "100200200".
subexpression should be matched.
x|y Matches x or y. 100|200 matches "100" or "200".

1(2|3)4 matches "124" or "134",
instead of "1234", "14", "1224", and
"1334".
[xyz] Matches any single character in the [123] matches the character 2 in
regular expression. "255".
[^xyz] Matches any character that is not [^123] matches any character except
contained within the brackets. for "1", "2", and "3".
[a-z] Matches any character within the [0-9] matches any character ranging
specified range. from 0 to 9.
[^a-z] Matches any character beyond the [^0-9] matches all non-numeric
specified range. characters.

Particul Syntax Example

ar
characte
r
_ Matches a comma "," left brace "{", _2008_ matches "2008", "space
right brace "}", left parenthesis "(", 2008 space", "space 2008", "2008
and right parenthesis ")". space", ",2008,", "{2008}",
Matches the starting position of the "(2008)", "{2008", and "(2008}".
input string.
Matches the ending position of the
input string.
Matches a space.
NOTE
Unless otherwise specified, all characters in the preceding table are displayed on the screen.
l Degeneration of particular characters
Certain particular characters, when being placed at the following positions in the regular
expression, degenerate to common characters.
The particular characters following "\" is transferred to match particular characters
themselves.
The particular characters "*", "+", and "?" placed at the starting position of the regular
expression. For example, +45 matches "+45" and abc(*def) matches "abc*def".
The particular character "^" placed at any position except for the start of the regular
expression. For example, abc^ matches "abc^".
The particular character "$" placed at any position except for the end of the regular
expression. For example, 12$2 matches "12$2".
The right bracket such as ")" or "]" being not paired with its corresponding left bracket
"(" or "[". For example, abc) matches "abc)" and 0-9] matches "0-9]".
NOTE
Unless otherwise specified, degeneration rules are applicable when preceding regular expressions
serve as subexpressions within parentheses.
l Combination of common and particular characters
In actual application, a regular expression combines multiple common and particular
characters to match certain strings.
Specifying a Filtering Mode in Command
CAUTION
The ATN 910 uses a regular expression to implement the filtering function of the pipe character.
A display command supports the pipe character only when there is excessive output information.
When the output information is queried according to the filtering conditions, the first line of the
command output starts with the information containing the regular expression.

The command can carry the parameter | count to display the number of matching entries. The
parameter | count can be used together with other parameters.
For the commands supporting regular expressions, the three filtering methods are as follows:
l | begin regular-expression: displays the information that begins with the line that matches
regular expression.
l | exclude regular-expression: displays the information that excludes the lines that match
regular expression.
l | include regular-expression: displays the information that includes the lines that match
regular expression.
NOTE
The value of regular-expression is a string of 1 to 255 characters.
Specify a Filtering Mode when Information is Displayed

When a lot of information is displayed, you can specify a filtering mode in the prompt "---- More
----".
l /regular-expression: displays the information that begins with the line that matches regular
expression.
l -regular-expression: displays the information that excludes lines that match regular
expression.
l +regular-expression: displays the information that includes lines that match regular
expression.
2.3.4 History Commands

The command line interface provides a function similar to DosKey, which can automatically
save historical commands. You can invoke the historical commands saved on the command line
interface at any time and run them again.
By default, the system saves 10 history commands at most for each user. The operations are as
shown in Table 2-5.
Table 2-5 Access the history commands
Action Key or Command Result
Display the display history- Display the history commands entered by users.
history command
commands.
Access the last Up cursor key or Display the last history command if there is an
history Ctrl_P earlier history command. Otherwise, a bell is
command. generated.
Access the next Down cursor key Display the next history command if there is a later
history or Ctrl_N history command. Otherwise, the command is
command. cleared and a bell is generated.

NOTE
On the HyperTerminal of Windows 9X, cursor key is invalid as the HyperTerminals of Windows 9X
define the keys differently. In this case, you can replace the cursor key with Ctrl_P.
When you use the history commands, note the following:

l The saved history commands are the same as that those entered by users. For example, if
the user enters an incomplete command, the saved command also is incomplete.
l If the user runs the same command several times, the earliest command is saved. If the
command is entered in different forms, they are considered as different commands.
For example, if the display ip routing-table command is run several times, only one history
command is saved. If the disp ip routing command and the display ip routing-table
command are run, two history commands are saved.
2.3.5 Batch Command Execution

By running pre-defined command lines in batches, you can simplify the operation of entering
common commands and improve efficiency.
Context
Log in to the ATN equipment from the client and do as follows:
Procedure
Step 1 Run the batch-cmd edit to edit commands to be run in batches.
The batch-cmd edit command can be used by only one user at a time.
The maximum length of a command (including the incomplete command) to be entered is 512
characters.
When editing commands, press Enter to complete the editing of each command.
NOTE
After running the batch-cmd edit command to successfully edit the commands to be executed in batches,
the system deletes the original commands to be run in batches.
The commands that are already edited are saved in memory and are deleted for ever when the system is
restarted.
Step 2 After all commands are edited, you can press the shortcut buttons Ctrl+Z to exit the editing state
and return to the user view.
Step 3 Run the batch-cmd execute to execute commands in batches.
The batch-cmd execute command can be used by only one user at a time.
The sequence of running commands is the same as the sequence of editing commands.
----End
2.4 Shortcut Keys

Using the system or user-defined shortcut keys makes it easier to enter commands.

2.4.1 Classifying Shortcut Keys

There are two types of shortcut keys, namely, system shortcut keys and user-defined shortcut
keys. Familiarize yourself with shortcut keys so as to use them accurately.
The shortcut keys in the system are classified into the following types:
l User-oriented and user-defined shortcut keys: CTRL_G, CTRL_L, CTRL_O, and

CTRL_U. The user can correlate these shortcut keys with any commands. When the
shortcut keys are pressed, the system automatically runs the corresponding command. For
details of defining the shortcut keys, see 2.4.2 Defining Shortcut Keys.
l System-defined shortcut keys: These shortcut keys with fixed functions are defined by the
system. Table 2-6 lists the system-defined shortcut keys.
NOTE
Different terminal software defines these keys differently. Therefore, the shortcut keys on the terminal may
be different from those listed in this section.
Table 2-6 System-defined shortcut keys
Key Function
CTRL_A The cursor moves to the beginning of the current line.
CTRL_B The cursor moves to the left by the space of a character.
CTRL_C Terminates the running function.
CTRL_D Deletes the character where the cursor lies.
CTRL_E The cursor moves to the end of the current line.
CTRL_F The cursor moves to the right by the space of a character.
CTRL_H Deletes one character on the left of the cursor.
CTRL_K Stops the creation of the outbound connection.
CTRL_N Displays the next command in the history command buffer.
CTRL_P Displays the previous command in the history command buffer.
CTRL_R Repeats the display of the information of the current line.
CTRL_T Terminates the outbound connection.
CTRL_V Pastes the contents on the clipboard.
CTRL_W Deletes a character string or character on the left of the cursor.
CTRL_X Deletes all the characters on the left of the cursor.
CTRL_Y Deletes all the characters on the right of the cursor.
CTRL_Z Returns to the user view.
CTRL_] Terminates the inbound or redirection connections.
ESC_B The cursor moves to the left by the space of a word.

Key Function
ESC_D Deletes a word on the right of the cursor.
ESC_F The cursor moves to the right to the end of next word.
ESC_N The cursor moves downward to the next line.
ESC_P The cursor moves upward to the previous line.
ESC_SHIFT_< Sets the position of the cursor to the beginning of the content to
be pasted into the clipboard.
ESC_SHIFT_> Sets the position of the cursor to the end of the content to be
pasted into the clipboard.
2.4.2 Defining Shortcut Keys

Only management-level users have the rights to define shortcut keys.
NOTE
When defining the shortcut keys, use double quotation marks to define the command if this command
contains several commands words, that is, if spaces exist in the command.
Configure as follows in the system view.
Action Command
Define shortcut keys hotkey { CTRL_G | CTRL_L | CTRL_O | CTRL_U }

command-text
By default, CTRL_G, CTRL_L and CTRL_O correspond to the following commands

respectively:
l CTRL_G: display current-configuration

l CTRL_L: display ip routing-table
l CTRL_O: undo debugging all
The default commands of the other shortcut keys are null.
2.4.3 Use of Shortcut Keys

You can use the shortcut key at any position that allows a command to be entered. The system
executes an entered shortcut key and displays the corresponding command on the screen in the
same way as you enter a complete command.
l If you have typed part of a command and have not pressed Enter, you can press the shortcut
keys to clear the entered command and display the full corresponding command. This
operation has the same effect as that of deleting all commands and then re-entering the
complete command.

l The shortcut keys are run as the commands, the syntax is recorded to the command buffer
and log for fault location and querying.
NOTE
The terminal in use may affect the functions of the shortcut keys. For example, if the customized shortcut
keys of the terminal conflict with those of the ATN equipment, the input shortcut keys are captured by the
terminal program and hence the shortcut keys do not function.
Run the following command in any view to display the use of shortcut keys.
Action Command
Check the usage of shortcut keys. display hotkey

This section provides several examples for using command lines.
2.5.1 Example for Running Commands in Batches

This part provides an example for running commands in batches. In this example, by editing the
commands to be run in batches, you can configure the system to automatically run the commands
in batches.
Context
During the preventive maintenance inspection (PMI), you can run commands in batches. That
is, enter all PMI commands once and then send all the command output information to the PMI
tool, which can improve the PMI efficiency.
Log in to the ATN equipment and do as follows:
Procedure
Step 1 Edit the display users, display startup, and display clock commands to be run in batches.
<HUAWEI> batch-cmd edit
Info: Begin editing batch commands. Press "Ctrl+Z" to abort this session.
display users
display startup
display clock
<HUAWEI>
Step 2 Run the commands in batches.

<HUAWEI> batch-cmd execute
<HUAWEI>batch-cmd execute command: display users
User-Intf Delay Type Network Address AuthenStatus AuthorcmdFlag
0 CON 0 00:00:44 pass no

Username : Unspecified
<HUAWEI>batch-cmd execute command: display startup
MainBoard:
Configured startup system software: NULL

Startup system software:

Next startup system software: NULL
Startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Startup paf file: NULL
Next startup paf file: NULL
Startup license file: NULL
Next startup license file: NULL
Startup patch package: NULL
Next startup patch package: NULL
<HUAWEI>batch-cmd execute command: display clock
2009-11-23 14:27:20-08:00
Monday
Time Zone(China Standard Time) : UTC-08:00
<HUAWEI>batch-cmd execute finished.
----End
2.5.2 Example for Using Tab

You can obtain prompts on keywords or check whether the entered keywords are correct by
pressing Tab.
Context
Tab can be used in three ways as shown in the following example.
The matching key word is unique after the incomplete key word is typed.
1. Type the incomplete key word.
[HUAWEI] info-
2. Press Tab.
The system replaces the typed one with the complete key word and displays it in a new line
with the cursor leaving a space behind
[HUAWEI] info-center
There are several matches or no match after the incomplete key word is typed.
info-center can be followed by three key words.
[HUAWEI] info-center log?
logbuffer logfile loghost
1. Type the incomplete key word.

[HUAWEI] info-center l
2. Press Tab.
[HUAWEI] info-center log
The system displays the prefix first. The prefix in this example is "log".
Continue to press Tab. The cursor is closely following the end of the word.
[HUAWEI] info-center loghost
[HUAWEI] info-center logbuffer
[HUAWEI] info-center logfile
Stop pressing Tab after the key word logfile that you need is displayed.
3. Type a space to enter the next word "channel".
[HUAWEI] info-center logfile channel

A wrong key word is typed.

1. Type a wrong key word "loglog".
[HUAWEI] info-center loglog
2. Press Tab.
[HUAWEI] info-center loglog
The incorrect input "loglog" is displayed in a new line.
2.5.3 Example for Using Shortcut Keys

If the login ATN equipment is defined with shortcut keys, the shortcut keys can be used by any
user regardless of the user level.
Context
Do as follows on the login ATN equipment:
Procedure
Step 1 Correlate Ctrl_U with the display ip routing-table command and run the shortcut keys.
[HUAWEI] hotkey ctrl_u "display ip routing-table"
Step 2 Press Ctrl+U when the prompt [HUAWEI] appears.

[HUAWEI] display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
51.51.51.9/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
100.2.0.0/16 Direct 0 0 D 100.2.150.51 Ethernet0/0/0
---------------------------------------------------------------------
----End
2.5.4 Copying Commands Using Shortcut Keys

You can copy commands by using shortcut keys in any view.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Move the cursor to the beginning of the command and press ESC_Shift_<. Move the cursor to
the end and press ESC_Shift_>.
<HUAWEI> display ip routing-table

Step 2 Run the display clipboard command to view the contents on the clipboard.
<HUAWEI> display clipboard
---------------- CLIPBOARD-----------------
display ip routing-table
Step 3 Enter the command in any view, and press Ctrl_V to paste the contents of clipboard.
<HUAWEI> display ip routing-table
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 3 Basic Configuration
3 Basic Configuration
About This Chapter
This chapter describes how to configure the basic system environment and the basic user
environment.
3.1 Basic Configuration Introduction

This section describes the meaning and scope of the basic configuration.
3.2 Configuring the Basic System Environment
This section describes how to configure the basic system environment according to user habits
or the requirements of the actual environment.
3.3 Configuring Basic User Environment
This section describes the configuration of the basic user environment for user level switching.
3.4 Displaying System Status Messages
This section describes the display commands that are used for displaying basic system
configurations.

3.1 Basic Configuration Introduction

This section describes the meaning and scope of the basic configuration.
Before configuring services, users often need to perform basic configurations for actual
operation and maintenance.
The ATN 910 provides configurations of two kinds of basic environments:
l Basic system environment: includes the language mode, host name, system name, system
time, header text, and command level for actual environment.
l Basic user environment: includes password for changing levels and the terminal lock.
3.2 Configuring the Basic System Environment

This section describes how to configure the basic system environment according to user habits
or the requirements of the actual environment.

Before configuring the basic system environment, familiarize yourself with the applicable
environment, complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help
you complete the configuration task quickly and accurately.
Before configuring the services, you need to configure the basic system environments to meet
the requirements of the actual environments.
By default, the ATN 910 supports commands of Level 0 to Level 3, namely, visit level,
monitoring level, configuration level, and management level.
If the user needs to define more levels, or refine management privileges on the device, the user
can extend the range of command line level from the range of Level 0 to Level 3 to the range of
Level 0 to Level 15.
Before configuring basic system environment, complete the following task:
l Powering on the ATN equipment
Data Preparation
To configure basic system environment, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Language mode
2 System time

No. Data
3 Host name
4 Login information
5 Command level
3.2.2 Switching the Language Mode

You can switch between the Chinese mode and the English mode as required.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
language-mode language-name
The language mode is switched.
By default, the English mode is used.
The help information on the ATN equipment can be in English and in Chinese. The language
mode is stored in the system software and need not be loaded.
----End
3.2.3 Configuring the Equipment Name

You can change the equipment name as required. The new equipment name takes effect
immediately.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
The system view is displayed.
Step 2 Run:
sysname host-name
The equipment name is set.
You can change the name of the ATN equipment that appears in the command prompt.

By default, the host name of the ATN equipment is HUAWEI.
----End
3.2.4 Setting the System Clock

To ensure that devices on the network work with the same clock, you need to set or change the
system clock.
Context
You need to set the system time properly to ensure the cooperation between the ATN 910 and
other devices. The ATN 910 supports the configurations of the time zone and the daylight saving
time.
NOTE
UTC indicates the Universal Time Coordinated.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
clock datetime [ utc ] HH:MM:SS YYYY-MM-DD
The current date and time is set.

Step 2 Run:
clock timezone time-zone-name { add | minus } offset
The time zone is set.

l If add is configured, the current time is the UTC time plus the time offset. That is, the default
UTC time plus offset is equal to the time of time-zone-name.
l If minus is configured, the current time is the UTC time minus the time offset. That is, the
default UTC time minus offset is equal to the time of time-zone-name.
Step 3 Run:
clock daylight-saving-time time-zone-name one-year start-time start-date end-time
end-date offset
or
clock daylight-saving-time time-zone-name repeating start-time { { first | second
| third | fourth | last } weekday month | start-date } end-time { { first |
second | third | fourth | last } weekday month | end-date } offset [ start-year
[ end-year ] ]
The daylight saving time is set.

During the configuration of the daylight saving time, you can configure the start time and end
time in one of the following modes: date+date, week+week, date+week, and week+date. For
details, see clock daylight-saving-time.
NOTE
When the current time is within the daylight saving time, running the clock timezone time-zone-name
{ add | minus } offset command can successfully set the time zone name. If the display clock command
is run to view the time zone name at the moment, the time zone name, however, is displayed as the name
of the daylight saving time. After the daylight saving time ends, the set time zone name can be displayed.

CAUTION
When the device is upgraded from an earlier version to the V200R001C01 version, the
configured daylight saving time does not take effect and needs to be reconfigured.
----End
3.2.5 Configuring a Header

If you need to provide information for login users, you can configure a header that the system
displays during login or after login.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
header login { information text | file file-name }
The header displayed during login is set.
Step 3 Run:
header shell { information text | file file-name }
The header displayed after login is set.
A header is a system prompt displayed when a user logs in to the ATN equipment or starts
interactive configuration with the ATN equipment. The header provides detailed instruction.
NOTE
l If a user logs in to the ATN equipment by using SSH1.X, the login header is not displayed during login,
but the shell header is displayed after login.
l If a user logs in to the ATN equipment by using SSH2.0, both login and shell headers are displayed.
----End
3.2.6 Configuring Command Levels

By default, commands are registered in the sequence of Level 0 to Level 3. If refined rights
management is required, you can divide commands in to 16 levels, that is, from Level 0 to Level
15.
Context
If the user does not adjust a command level separately, after the command level is updated, all
originally-registered command lines adjust automatically according to the following rules:

l The commands of Level 0 and Level 1 remain unchanged.

l The command Level 2 is updated to Level 10 and Level 3 is updated to Level 15.
l No command lines exist in Level 2 to Level 9 and Level 11 to Level 14. The user can adjust
the command lines to these levels separately to refine the management of privilege.
NOTE
The updation of command Level 2 to Level 10 and Level 3 to Level 15 is not a two-step process but one-
step by batch.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
command-privilege level rearrange
Update the command level in batch.
When no password is configured for a Level 15 user, the system prompts the user to set a super-
password for the level 15 user. At the same time, the system asks if the user wants to continue
to update the command line level. Then, just select "N" to set a password. If you select "Y", the
command level can be updated in batch directly. This results in the user not logging in through
the Console port and failing to update the level.
Step 3 Run:
command-privilege level level view view-name command-key
The command level is configured. With the command, you can specify the level and view
multiple commands at one time (command-key).
All commands have default command views and levels. You need not reconfigure them.
----End
3.2.7 Configuring the Undo Command to Match in the Previous

View Automatically
You can run the undo command in the current view and thus the system automatically matches
the previous view.
Context
If the user allows the undo command to automatically match the previous view and the user
runs the undo command that is not registered in the current view, the system searches the
undo command in the previous view.
The undo command has disadvantages due to automatically matching. For example, when the
user runs the undo ospf command in the interface view where the command is not registered,
the system searches in system view automatically. This may lead to global deletion of the OSPF
feature.

NOTE
l By default, the undo command does not automatically match the upper level view.
l The matched upper-view command is valid for current login users who run this command.
l It is not recommended that you configure the undo command to automatically match the upper level
view, unless necessary.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
matched upper-view
The undo command is configured to match the upper level view.

By default, the undo command does not match the previous view automatically.
----End
3.3 Configuring Basic User Environment

This section describes the configuration of the basic user environment for user level switching.

Before configuring the basic user environment, familiarize yourself with the applicable
The user can log in to a ATN equipment with lower level to perform simple configurations or
view configurations. When the configuration is complicated, the user needs to switch to a high
level. Thus, it requires the user to configure the basic environment for switching levels.
Before configuring the basic environment for the user, complete the following task:
l Powering on the ATN equipment properly
Data Preparation
To configure the basic environment for the user, you need the following data:
No. Data
1 Password for the user level switching

3.3.2 Configuring the Password for Switching User Levels

Passwords need to be set for users that are switched from lower levels to higher levels.
Context
When users log in to the ATN equipment with a lower user level, they switch to a higher user
level to perform advanced operations by entering the corresponding password. The password
needs to be configured in advance.
CAUTION
When simple is used, the password is saved in the configuration files in simple text. Login users
with lower level can obtain the password by viewing the configuration. This may cause security
problems. Therefore, cipher is used to save the password in encrypted text.
If the pass word is set in cipher mode, the password cannot be resumed from the system. Save
the password to avoid oblivion or miss.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
super password [ level user-level ] { simple | cipher } password
The password for switching user levels is configured.
----End
3.3.3 Switching User Levels

You need to enter the set password when being switched from a lower level to a higher level.
Context
An accurate password must be entered when the user is switched from a lower level to a higher
level.
When configuring the switchover of user levels on the ATN equipment, users can perform
HWTACACS Authentication. For detailed configurations, refer to the ATN 910 ATN
equipment Configuration Guide - Security.

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
super [ level ]
User levels are switched.
Step 2 Follow the prompt and enter a password.
If the password entered is correct, the user can switch to a higher level. If the user enters a
password incorrectly for three consecutive times, the user remains at the current login level and
returns to the user view.
NOTE
When the login user of lower level is switched to the user of higher level through the super command, the
system automatically sends trap messages and records the switchover in a log. When the switched level
is lower than that of the current level, the system only records the switchover in a log.
----End
3.3.4 Locking User Interfaces

You can enter the set password to unlock the locked user interface.
Context
When you leave the operation terminals for a moment, you can lock the user interface to prevent
unauthorized users from operating the interface.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
lock
The user interface is locked.
Step 2 Follow the system prompt and input an unlock password, and then confirm.
<HUAWEI> lock
Enter Password:
Confirm Password:
If the locking is successful, the system prompts that the user interface is locked.
You must enter a correct password to unlock the user interface.
----End
3.4 Displaying System Status Messages

This section describes the display commands that are used for displaying basic system
configurations.

Context
You can use the display commands to collect information about the system status. The display
commands are classified according to the following functions:
l Displays system configurations.
l Displays the running status of the system.
l Displays the diagnostic information about a system.
l Displays the restart information about the main control board.
See the related sections for display commands for protocols and interfaces. The following only
shows the system display commands.
Run the following commands in any view.
3.4.1 Displaying System Configuration

You can view information about the system version, system time, original configuration, and
current configuration.
Prerequisites
Basic Configuration are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display version command to display the system version.
l Run the display clock [ utc ] command to display the system time.
l Run the display calendar command to display system calendar.
l Run the display saved-configuration command to display the original configuration.
l Run the display current-configuration command to display the current configuration.
----End
3.4.2 Displaying System Status

You can view the configuration of the current view.
Prerequisites
Basic configuration are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display this command to display the configuration of the current view.
----End
3.4.3 Collecting System Diagnostic Information

You can view the system diagnosis information.
Context
Basic configuration is complete.

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display diagnostic-information [ file-name ]
The system diagnosis information is displayed.

When the system fails or performs the routine maintenance, you need to collect a lot of
information to locate faults. Then, you have to run different display commands to collect all
information. In this case, you can use the display diagnostic-information command to collect
all information about the current running modules in the system.
The display diagnostic-information command collects all information collected by running
the following commands, including display clock, display version, display cpu-usage, display
interface, display current-configuration, display saved-configuration, display history-
command, and so on.
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 4 User Management
4 User Management
About This Chapter
This chapter describes user interfaces and the configuration of users' login.
4.1 User Management Introduction

This section describes basic concepts of user interfaces and user management.
4.2 Configuring Console User Interface
You can configure the console user interface so as to maintain a ATN equipment on the local
device.
4.3 Configuring VTY User Interface
You can configure the VTY user interface to maintain a remote ATN equipment.
4.4 Managing User Interfaces
You need to configure user management to ensure that the operator manages ATN equipments
safely.
4.5 Configuring User Authentication
Through user management, you can create users for ATN equipments, set user passwords, and
manage users.
4.6 Configuring Exclusive Configuration Access
When multiple users log in to a device to simultaneously configure services, the configurations
may conflict and thus the services become abnormal on the device. To prevent the problem, you
can provide exclusive configuration access to ensure that only one user performs configuration
at a time.
4.7 Configuring Local User Management
After configuring attributes of a local user on an access device, you can enable the access device
to function as a local AAA server.
4.8 Configuring an NM User to Log in to a Device in VTY Mode
You can configure an Network Management System (NMS) user to log in to a device in VTY
mode to set parameters of the device.

This section provides examples for configuring users to log in to a ATN equipment in different
modes. These configuration examples explain networking requirements, configuration roadmap,
and configuration notes.

4.1 User Management Introduction

This section describes basic concepts of user interfaces and user management.
4.1.1 User Interface View

The system supports console, and VTY user interfaces.
The user interface view is a command line view provided by the system. It is used to configure
and manage all the physical and logical interfaces in the asynchronous mode.
User Interfaces Supported by the System

l Console port (CON)
The console port is a serial port provided by the main control board of the ATN
equipment.
The main control board provides one EIA/TIA-232 DCE console port for local
configuration by directly connecting a terminal to a ATN equipment.
l Virtual type terminal (VTY)
The virtual port is a logical terminal line. A VTY connection is set up when a ATN
equipment connects to a terminal through Telnet. It is used for local or remote access to a
ATN equipment.
User Interface Numbering

The following are user interface numbering methods:
l Relative numbering
The relative numbering is in the format of user interface type + number.
The relative numbering is available for interfaces of a specific type. It is used only to specify
one or a group of user interfaces of a specified type. It must comply with the following
rules:
Number of the console port: CON 0
Number of the VTY: VTY 0 for the first line, VTY 1 for the second line and so on.
l Absolute numbering
The absolute numbering is used to uniquely specify a user interface or a group of user
interfaces.
The number starts with 0. The ports are numbered in the sequence of CON VTY. There
is only one console port and 0-15 VTY interfaces. You can use the user-interface
maximum-vty command to set the maximum number of user interfaces. The default
number is five.
By default, the system supports three types of user interfaces: CON, and VTY.
Table 4-1 shows the absolute numbers of the user interfaces in this system.

Table 4-1 Example for the absolute numbering

Absolute number User-interface
0 CON0
34 The first virtual interface (VTY0)
35 The second virtual interface (VTY1)
36 The third virtual interface (VTY2)
37 The fourth virtual interface (VTY3)
38 The fifth virtual interface (VTY4)
NOTE
The absolute numbers allocated for VTY interfaces are device-specific.
The numbers from 1 to 32 are reserved for the TTY user interfaces.
Run the display user-interface command to view the absolute number of user interfaces.
4.1.2 User Management

The system supports operations such as user authentication and user planning.
The user name and the password are not configured when a ATN equipment is started for the
first time.
In such a condition, any user can configure the ATN equipment through the console port by
connecting a PC to the port.
The remote user can login to the ATN equipment through Telnet if the ATN equipment is
configured with an IP address on the main control board or interface board. In addition, the
remote user can access the network by establishing a PPP connection with the ATN
equipment.
Thus, the user names and passwords are required for the ATN equipment to ensure network
security and to manage users.
User Classification
Based on the services obtained, users of a ATN equipment are classified as follows:
l HyperTerminal users: The users access the ATN equipment through the console port.
l Telnet users: The users access the ATN equipment through Telnet.
l File Transfer Protocol (FTP) users: The users establish FTP connections with the ATN
equipment to transfer files.
l Secure Shell (SSH) users: The users establish SSH connections with the ATN
equipment to access the network.
l Network Management System (NMS) users: The users establish connections with ATN
equipments through SNMP or Telnet to manage ATN equipments in machine-to-machine
mode.
One user can obtain multiple services simultaneously and perform multiple functions.

User Level
The system provides hierarchical management to HyperTerminal users and Telnet users.
The login users are classified into 16 levels corresponding to the commands, marked from Level
0 to Level 15. The higher the level, the higher the priority .
A user can access a command depending on the user level.
l In the case of non-authentication or password authentication, the level of the command that
can be accessed by the login user depends on the level of the login user interface.
l In the case of AAA authentication, the level of the command that can be accessed by the
login user depends on the level of the local user in the AAA configuration.
The user can access the commands with the level equal to or lower than the user level. For
example, for a user of Level 2, the user can access the commands of Level 0, Level 1, and Level
2.
NOTE
For details of the command level, refer to "Command Level" in Chapter 3 "Command Line Introduction."
User Authentication
After the user configuration, the system authenticates users when they access the ATN
equipment.
The three types of user authentication are as follows:
l Non-authentication: In this type, a user accesses the ATN equipment without the user name
or password. This is not recommended due to security reasons.
l Password authentication: In this type, a user accesses the ATN equipment only with the
password rather than the user name. This is safer compared to non-authentication.
l Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) local: This scheme needs both the
user name and the password. This scheme authenticates the Telnet and HyperTerminal
users.
User Planning
The network administrator provides the user plan based on the requirements.
l At least one HyperTerminal user is created on a ATN equipment.
l A Telnet user is created for remote access.
l An FTP user uploads or downloads files on a ATN equipment from the remote.
l A network administrator manages ATN equipments in machine-to-machine mode, and
NMS users need to be added to the ATN equipments.
NOTE
For the configuration of FTP users, refer to Chapter 8 "FTP, TFTP and XModem".
4.2 Configuring Console User Interface

You can configure the console user interface so as to maintain a ATN equipment on the local
device.


Before configuring a console interface, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete
the configuration task quickly and accurately.
A console user interface is required for maintaining the local ATN equipment.
Before configuring a console interface, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting a PC to the ATN equipment through an asynchronous interface
Data Preparation
To configure a console interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Baud rate, flow-control mode, parity, stop bit, and data bit
2 Idle timeout period, number of lines displayed in a terminal screen, and the size of
history command buffer
3 User priority
4 User authentication method, user name, and password
NOTE
All the configuration items of the ATN equipment, excluding the user name and password, have default
values and do not need to be configured additionally.
4.2.2 Configuring Console Interface Attributes

You can configure the rate, flow control mode, parity mode, stop bit, and data bit for the console
port.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that the user logs in to:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
user-interface console interface-number
The console user interface view is displayed.
----End
4.2.3 Setting Console Terminal Attributes

You can configure the timeout period for idle users, maximum number of lines to displayed on
each screen, and the size of historical command buffer for the console interface.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment to which a user logs in:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
The console interface view is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
shell
The terminal service is started.

Step 4 Run:
idle-timeout minutes [ seconds ]
The timeout period for idle users is set.

By default, the timeout period for idle users is 10 minutes.
Step 5 Run:
screen-length screen-length
The number of lines to be displayed on each screen is set.

By default, a terminal displays 24 lines on each screen.
You can run the screen-length screen-length temporary command to specify the number of
lines that a terminal displays on each screen.
Step 6 Run:
history-command max-size size-value
The buffer of the history command is set.

By default,the history command buffer on a user interface can cache a maximum of 10
commands.
----End

4.2.4 Configuring User Priority

You can set the priority for a user who logs in through the console port.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:

Step 3 Run:
user privilege level level
The priority of the user is set.

This process is to set the priority for a user who logs in through the console port. A user can only
use the command of the level corresponding to the user level.
For more information about the command priority, see "Command Level" in Chapter 3 "CLI
Overview".
----End
4.2.5 Configuring User Authentication

The system provides three authentication modes, namely, AAA, password, and none.
Procedure
l Configuring AAA Authentication
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:
authentication-mode aaa
The authentication mode is set to AAA.

4. Run:
quit
Exit from the console user interface view.

5. Run:
aaa
The AAA view is displayed.

6. Run:
local-user user-name password { simple | cipher } password
Name and password of the local user are created.

l Configuring Password Authentication
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:
authentication-mode password
You can set the authentication mode as password authentication.

4. Run:
set authentication password { cipher | simple } password
A password for authentication is set.

l Configuring Non-Authentication
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:
authentication-mode none
The authentication mode is set to non-authentication.

----End
4.2.6 Checking the Configuration

After configuring the console user interface, you can view the usage information of the user
interface, physical attributes and configurations of the user interface, local user list, and online
users.
Prerequisites
The configurations of the User Management function are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display users [ all ] command to check information about user interface.

l Run the display user-interface console ui-number1 [ summary ] command to check

physical attributes and configurations of the user interface.
l Run the display local-user command to check the local user list.
----End
4.3 Configuring VTY User Interface

You can configure the VTY user interface to maintain a remote ATN equipment.

Before configuring a VTY interface, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
If you want to log in to the ATN equipment using Telnet or SSH to perform management or
configuration operations, .a VTY interface is required.
Before configuring a VTY user interface, complete the following tasks:

l Connecting a PC to the ATN equipment correctly
Data Preparation
To configure a VTY user interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Maximum VTY user interfaces
2 (Optional) Number of the ACL for limiting incoming and outgoing calls of users
logging in using VTY user interfaces
3 Timeout period for idle users, maximum number of lines to be displayed on each
screen and the size of the history command buffer
4 User authentication mode, user name, and password
4.3.2 Configuring Maximum VTY User Interfaces

You can configure the maximum number of VTY user interfaces through which users log in to
a ATN equipment.

Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
user-interface maximum-vty number
The maximum VTY user interfaces that can log in to the ATN equipment is set.
NOTE
When the maximum number of VTY user interfaces is set to zero, any user including the NMS user cannot
log in to a ATN equipment.
If the maximum number of VTY user interfaces to be configured is smaller than the maximum
number of current interfaces, other parameters need not be configured.
If the maximum number of VTY user interfaces to be configured is larger than the maximum
number of current interfaces, the authentication mode and password need to be configured for
newly added user interfaces.
For newly added user interfaces, the system applies password authentication by default.
For example, a maximum of five users are allowed online. To allow 15 VTY users online at the
same time, you need to run the authentication-mode command and the set authentication
password command to configure authentication modes and passwords for user interfaces from
VTY 5 to VTY 14. The command is run as follows:
[HUAWEI] user-interface maximum-vty 15
[HUAWEI] user-interface vty 5 14
[HUAWEI-ui-vty5-14] authentication-mode password
[HUAWEI-ui-vty5-14] set authentication password cipher huawei
----End
4.3.3 (Optional)Configuring Limits for Incoming Calls and

Outgoing Calls
You can set the limit on incoming and outgoing calls for VTY user interfaces.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
user-interface vty first-ui-number [ last-ui-number ]
The VTY user interface view is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
acl acl-number { inbound | outbound }
The limits to calling in/out of VTY are configured.

When you need to prevent a user of certain address or segment address from logging in to the
ATN equipment, use the inbound command; when you need to prevent a user who logs in to
an ATN equipment from accessing other ATN equipments, use the outbound command.
----End
4.3.4 Configuring VTY Terminal Attributes

You can configure the timeout period for idle users, maximum number of lines to be displayed
on each screen, and the size of the historical command buffer for a VTY interface.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
user-interface vty number1 [ number2 ]
The VTY interface view is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
shell
Terminal services are enabled.

Step 4 Run:
The timeout period for idle users is set.

Step 5 Run:
screen-length screen-length
The maximum number of lines to be displayed on each screen is set.

By default, a maximum of 24 lines are displayed on each screen.
You can run the screen-length screen-length temporary command to specify the maximum
number of lines to be temporarily displayed on each terminal screen.
Step 6 Run:
history-command max-size size-value

The size of the history command buffer is set.
By default, the history command buffer on a user interface can cache a maximum of 10
commands.
----End
4.3.5 Configuring User Authentication

The system provides three authentication modes, namely, AAA, password, and none.
Context
The ATN equipment supports user authentication of three types:
l AAA authentication: requires the user name and password.

l Password authentication: requires no user name but a password must be set. Otherwise, the
user can log in to the ATN equipment only through the console interface.
l None: requires neither user name nor password. No authentication is needed when the user
logs in to the ATN equipment.
Procedure
l Configuring AAA Authentication
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:

4. Run:
quit
Exit from the VTY user interface view.

5. Run:
aaa

6. Run:

l Configuring Password Authentication
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:
Set the authentication mode as password.

4. Run:
A password for this authentication mode is set.

l Configuring Non-Authentication
1. Do as follows on the ATN equipment, run:
system-view

2. Run:

3. Run:
The authentication mode is set to none.

----End

After configuring the VTY user interface, you can view the usage information of the user
interface, the maximum number of VTY user interfaces, and physical attributes and
configurations of the user interface.
Prerequisites
The configuration of VTY User Interface are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display users [ all ] command to check the usage information of the user interface.
l Run the display user-interface maximum-vty command to check the number of maximum
VTY user interfaces.
l Run the display user-interface [ [ ui-type ] ui-number1 | ui-number ] [ summary ]
command to check the physical attributes and configurations of the user interface.
----End
4.4 Managing User Interfaces

You need to configure user management to ensure that the operator manages ATN equipments
safely.


Before configuring user management interfaces, familiarize yourself with the applicable
To ensure that the operator managesATN equipments safely, you need to send messages between
user interfaces and clear designated user.
Before managing the user interface, complete the following tasks:

l Connecting the PC with the ATN equipment properly
Data Preparations
To manage the user interface, you need the following data:
No. Data
1 Type and number of the user interface
2 Contents of the message to be sent
4.4.2 Sending Messages to Other User Interfaces

You can configure messaging between user interfaces.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
send { all | ui-type ui-number | ui-number1 }
You can enable message sending between user interfaces.
Step 2 Following the prompt, you can enter the message to be sent. You can press Ctrl_Z or Enter to
end, and press Ctrl_C to abort.
----End
4.4.3 Clearing Online User

You can clear specified online users.

Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
kill user-interface { ui-number | ui-type ui-number1 }
Online users are cleared.
Step 2 On receiving the prompts, you can confirm whether the designated online users have to be
cleared.
----End

After configuring user management interfaces, you can view the usage information of user
interfaces.
Prerequisites
The configuration of User Interfaces are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display users [ all ] command to check the usage information of the user interface.
----End
4.5 Configuring User Authentication

Through user management, you can create users for ATN equipments, set user passwords, and
manage users.

Before configuring user management, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
After the IP address is assigned to the main control board or the interface board, any remote user
can use Telnet to log in to the ATN equipment, or connect the ATN equipment through PPP to
access networks. This compromises the security. To ensure network security and ease user
management, configure a user name and the user password for the ATN equipment.
Before configuring a user, complete the following tasks:


l Connecting the PC with the ATN equipment properly
Data Preparation
To configure a user, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Authentication mode
2 User name and password
3 User priority
4.5.2 Configuring Authentication Mode

The system provides three authentication modes, namely, AAA local authentication, password
authentication, and none authentication.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
user-interface [ ui-type ] first-ui-number [ last-ui-number ]
The user interface view is displayed.
Step 3 Run:
authentication-mode { aaa | password | none }
The user authentication mode is configured.
----End
4.5.3 Configuring Authentication Password

You can configure a plain or cipher text password for authentication.
Context

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
Step 3 Run:
The authentication mode is set to Password.
Step 4 Run:
The authentication password is configured.
NOTE
The default authentication mode is the password authentication.
----End
4.5.4 Setting Username and Password for AAA Local

Authentication
You can configure a plain or cipher text password for AAA local authentication.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
Step 3 Run:
Step 4 Run:
quit
Return to the system view.

Step 5 Run:
aaa
Step 6 Run:
The local username and the password are configured.
----End
4.5.5 Configuring Non-Authentication

You can configure users to log in to a ATN equipment without being authenticated.
Context
CAUTION
Configuring the non-authentication mode may cause security problems of the ATN
equipment.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
Step 3 Run:
The non-authentication mode is configured.
NOTE
l If the authentication mode is non-authentication or password authentication, the priority of the user-
interface determines the command level that the users can access.
l If the authentication mode needs the username and the password, the priority of the user determines
the command level that the users can access.
----End
4.5.6 Configuring User Priority

You can configure the user priority.

Context
Refer to the ATN 910 Configuration Guide - Security.

After configuring user management, you can view the usage information of user interfaces, local
user list, and online users.
Prerequisites
The configuration of User Management are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display users [ all ] command to check the user information.
l Run the display local-user [ domain domain-name | username user-name ] command to
check information about local users.
----End
4.6 Configuring Exclusive Configuration Access

When multiple users log in to a device to simultaneously configure services, the configurations
may conflict and thus the services become abnormal on the device. To prevent the problem, you
can provide exclusive configuration access to ensure that only one user performs configuration
at a time.
4.6.1 (Optional) Viewing the Current Locked Configuration Set

You need to check whether the configuration set is locked by another user before enabling
exclusive configuration access.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display configuration-occupied user
Information about the user that locks the configuration set is displayed.
----End
4.6.2 Enabling Exclusive Configuration Access

A user can explicitly obtain exclusive configuration access. In this case, other users cannot obtain
configuration access.

Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
configuration exclusive
The user obtains exclusive configuration access.
NOTE
If the configuration set is already locked, an error message is displayed after this command is run.
----End
4.6.3 (Optional) Setting the Unlocking Time

You can set an allowable maximum lock timeout period when no command is delivered by the
user that locks the configuration set. After the period, the configuration set is automatically
unlocked and other users can normally run commands.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
configuration-occupied timeout
The timeout period for automatic unlocking the configuration set is set.
NOTE
l When a user without exclusive configuration access runs this command, the system prompts an error
message.
l If the configuration set is locked by another user, this command cannot be configured, and the system
prompts an error message.
l If the configuration set is locked by the current user, the current user can run this command.
----End
4.7 Configuring Local User Management

After configuring attributes of a local user on an access device, you can enable the access device
to function as a local AAA server.

This section describes the applicable environment of local user management and required tasks
and data for configuring a local user.

You can create a single local user database on a Network Access Server (NAS) to manage access
users.
Pre-configuration Task
Before configuring local user management, complete the following tasks:
l Configuring parameters of the link layer protocol and IP addresses for the interfaces and
ensuring that the status of the link layer protocol on the interfaces is Up
l Creating an Access Control List (ACL) and set ACL rules if you need to apply the ACL to
manage local users
Data Preparation
To configure local user management, you need the following data.
No. Data
2 Type of the service that the local user accesses
3 Name of the FTP directory that the local user can access
4 Local user status
5 Local user level
6 Limited number of local access users
7 Number of the ACL used to managing the local user
4.7.2 Creating a Local User Account

You can create a user in the AAA view. The user can carry a domain name. If the user does not
carry a domain name, the user belongs to the default domain by default.
Context
Do as follows on the NAS:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
A local user account is created.
If the user name contains @, the character before @ is the user name and the character after @
is the domain name. If the user name does not contain @, the whole character string represents
the user name and the domain name is default_admin.
----End
4.7.3 Configuring the Type of the Service That the Local User
Accesses
By setting the service type of local users, you can manage users based on the service type.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
aaa
Step 3 Run:
local-user user-name service-type { ftp | ssh | telnet | terminal }*
The type of the service that the local user accesses is configured.
By default, all access types are available for local users.
----End
4.7.4 Configuring the Local User Authority of Accessing the FTP

Directory
If the access mode of a local user is FTP, you must configure the FTP directory for the local
user. Otherwise, the FTP user cannot log in.
Context

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
local-user user-name ftp-directory directory
The local user authority of accessing the FTP directory is configured.

By default, the FTP directory is null.
----End
4.7.5 Configuring Local User Status

The local user can be in the activated or blocked state. An activated user can be authenticated;
a blocked user cannot be authenticated.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
local-user user-name state { active | block }
The local user status is configured.

By default, the local user is in the active state.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
Do as follows to process the local user in the active or block state:
l If the local user is in the active state, the authentication request from this user is allowed
for further processing.
l If the local user is in the block state, the authentication request from this user is denied.

4.7.6 Configuring the Local User Level

After the priority of a user is set, the login user can use only the commands whose priorities are
lower than or equal to the user priority.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
local-user user-name level level
The local user level is configured.

By default, the level of the local user is determined by the management module.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
The login user has the same 16 levels like the command. They are Visit, Monitoring, Configure
and Management, and are marked from 0 to 15. The higher the mark is, the higher the priority
is.
4.7.7 Setting the Maximum Number of Access Users with the Same
User Name
A user name can be used for several connections. By restricting the access of local users, you
can control the number of connections under one user name.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa


Step 3 Run:
local-user user-name access-limit max-number
The local user access limit is configured.

By default, the number of access users with the same user name is not restricted.
----End
4.7.8 Configuring a ATN equipment to Cut off Idle Access Users

After a ATN equipment is configured to logoff idle local users, local users automatically go
offline when their traffic is less than the set limit during the idle time.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
local-user username idle-cut
The ATN equipment is configured to cut off an idle local user.

By default, the idle-cut function of the domain is disabled for users. That is, idle users in the
domain are not cut off by default.
After you enable the idle-cut function of local users, the idle-cut time is prioritized in descending
order: the idle-cut time delivered by the server, the idle-cut time set in the AAA domain view,
and the idle-cut time set on the VTY interface.
----End
4.7.9 Local Users Changing the Passwords

A local user can perform this operation to change its password.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
local-user change-password

The password of the local user is changed.

Only the user that passes local authentication can change the password.
NOTE
Run the command in the user view.
----End

After a local user is successfully configured, you can view basic information about the user,
such as the user name, user status, user type, access restriction, and whether the user is online.
Prerequisites
The configurations of the local user management are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display local-user [ domain domain-name | username user-name ] command to check
attributes of the local user.
----End
4.8 Configuring an NM User to Log in to a Device in VTY

Mode
You can configure an Network Management System (NMS) user to log in to a device in VTY
mode to set parameters of the device.

Before configuring an NMS user to log in to a device in VTY mode, familiarize yourself with
the applicable environment, complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data.
This can help you complete the configuration task quickly and accurately.
The Network Management System (NMS) user can log in to the device through VTY to set
parameters about the device.
Before configuring an NMS user to log in to a device through the machine-to-machine mode,
complete the following task:
l Configuring reachable ATN equipment to network management end and the device
Data Preparation
To configure an NMS user to log in to a device through the machine-to-machine mode, you need
the following data.

No. Data
2 Type and number of the user interface
4.8.2 Configuring an NM User

You can create a local user and configure the user as an NM user.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that an NMS user needs to manage.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
aaa

Step 3 Run:
A local user is created.

Step 4 Run:
local-user user-name user-type netmanager
The local user is set as an NM user.
----End
4.8.3 Configuring the Authentication Mode of an NM User

NMS users can be configured with only AAA authentication.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:

Step 3 Run:
An authentication mode used to log in to the user interface is configured.
NOTE
The system reserves five VTYs (VTY 16-VTY 20) for an NMS user. The five VTYs are used as special
channels of the network management. The channels do not support the RSA authentication mode but
support the password authentication.
----End
4.8.4 Switching to Machine-to-Machine Mode

You can switch the system to the machine-to-machine mode.
Context
NOTE
This command is invisible on the terminal of command lines. In addition, the command cannot be obtained
from help information. Human-to-machine users should use this command with caution.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
mmi-mode enable
The system is switched to the machine-to-machine mode.
NOTE
l In the VTY machine-to-machine mode, the system reserves five user interfaces to which an NMS user
can log in through VTYs. A common user cannot log in through Telnet but can log in by using the five
reserved user interfaces.
l In the machine-to-machine mode, the system does not output logs, alarms, and debugging information
to the screen.
l In the machine-to-machine mode, the save and reboot commands can be used directly.
l In the machine-to-machine mode, a maximum of 512 lines are displayed by default. The value can be
adjusted by using the screen-length command. In addition, you can run the screen-length
temporary command to adjust the number of lines temporarily displayed on the screen.
----End

After configuring an NMS user to log in to a device in VTY mode, you can view the VTY mode.

Prerequisites
The configuration of an NM User to Log in to a Device in VTY Mode are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display vty mode command to check the VTY mode.
----End

This section provides examples for configuring users to log in to a ATN equipment in different
modes. These configuration examples explain networking requirements, configuration roadmap,
and configuration notes.
Context
CAUTION
After the first and second configuration examples are complete, the commands with priorities
higher than 2 cannot be run if the current user is VTY0. Ensure that users can log in to theATN
equipment in other methods to delete configurations.
4.9.1 Example for Configuring Logging In to the ATN Through

Password
In this example, the VTY0 priority, authentication mode, and disconnection time are configured,
which enables users to log in to the ATN equipment through a password.
The COM port of the PC is connected with the Console port. Set the priority of VTY0 to 2 and
authenticate the passwords of users. Users need to enter the password Huawei to log in
successfully.
After login, if the operations are not carried out in 30 minutes, it means that the user-interface
is disconnected from the ATN equipment.
1. Enter the user interface, and configure the priority of VTY0 as 2.
2. Configure the simple authentication and the disconnect time.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:

l The password of the authentication mode

l The disconnect time
Procedure
Step 1 Configure the priority of VTY0 to be 2 on the ATN.
[HUAWEI] user-interface vty0
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] user privilege level 2
Step 2 Configuring password and disconnect time.

[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] authentication-mode password
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] set authentication password simple huawei
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] idle-timeout 30
----End
Configuration Files
#
sysname HUAWEI
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default_admin
#
user-interface vty 0
user privilege level 2
set authentication password simple huawei
idle-timeout 30
#
return
4.9.2 Example for Logging In to the Device Through AAA

In this example, the VTY0 priority and disconnection time are configured and the idle-out
function is enabled for local users, which enables users to log in to the ATN equipment through
AAA authentication.
The COM port of the PC and the console port of the ATN equipment are connected.
Configure the priority of VTY0 to be 2, perform AAA authentication on the user that logs in
through VTY0. The login user must enter the username "huawei" and the password "huawei".
After login, if the user does not operate the ATN equipment within 30 minutes, the connection
with the ATN equipment is disabled.
1. Enter the user interface view to configure the priority of VTY0 to be 2 and the disconnection
time.
2. Enter the AAA view to configure the username, the password, and the user level.

3. Switch on the idle timeout for the local user in the AAA view.
Data Preparation
l Username and password for authentication

l Disconnect time
Procedure
Step 1 Configure the priority of VTY0 to be 2 and the disconnection time within 30 minutes.
[HUAWEI] user-interface vty0
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] user privilege level 2
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] authentication-mode aaa
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] idle-timeout 30
[HUAWEI-ui-vty0] quit
Step 2 Configuring the local username, the password, and user level.
[HUAWEI] aaa
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei password cipher huawei
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei level 2
Step 3 Switch on the idle timeout for the local user in the AAA view.
[HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei idle-cut
----End
Configuration Files
#
sysname HUAWEI
#
aaa
local-user huawei password cipher N`C55QK<`=/Q=^Q`MAF4<1!!
local-user huawei level 2
local-user huawei idle-cut
local-user huawei idle-cut
#
#
#
domain default_admin
#
user-interface vty 0
user privilege level 2
idle-timeout 30
#
return
4.9.3 Example for Configuring an NMS User to Manage Devices in

Machine-to-machine Mode
In this example, an NMS user is created and the authentication mode is set for the NMS user,
which enables the NMS user to manage the ATN equipment in machine-to-machine mode.

As shown in Figure 4-1, the NM station logs in to ATN through the channel reserved by ATN
for an NMS user, and then manages devices.
Figure 4-1 Networking diagram of configuring an NMS user to manage devices in the machine-
to-machine mode
GE0/0/0 1.1.1.2/24
ATN 1.1.1.1/24 NM Station
1. Configure an NMS user.
2. Configure the authentication mode of the NMS user.
3. Enter the machine-to-machine mode.
Data Preparation
l Name and IP address of an interface
l Name of the local user
Procedure
Step 1 Configure IP addresses. The configuration details are not mentioned here.
Step 2 Configure an NMS user.
# Enter the AAA view.
[HUAWEI] sysname ATN
[ATN] aaa
# Configure the NMS user.

[ATN-aaa] local-user hello@163.net password simple hello
[ATN-aaa] local-user hello@163.net user-type netmanager
[ATN-aaa] quit
Step 3 Configure the authentication mode of an NMS user.

# Enter the user interface view.
[ATN] user-interface vty 16 20
# Configure the authentication mode of the NMS user.

[ATN-ui-vty16-20] authentication-mode aaa
[ATN-ui-vty16-20] quit

NOTE
l To log in to a device through reserved channels, an NMS user can log in to the device successfully
only after the user passes the AAA authentication.
l Reserved channels do not support the RSA authentication mode.
Step 4 Enter the machine-to-machine mode.

[ATN] mmi-mode enable
[ATN] quit
Step 5 Verify the configuration.

<ATN> display vty mode
current VTY mode is Machine-Machine interface
----End
Configuration Files
#
sysname ATN
#
interface Ethernet0/0/0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
aaa
local-user hello@163.net password simple hello
local-user hello@163.net user-type netmanager
#
user-interface vty 16 20
#
return

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 5 File System
5 File System
About This Chapter
The file system manages files and directories in the storage device.
5.1 File System Introduction

The file system manages the files and directories in the storage device. You can create a file
system, create, delete, modify, and rename files and directories, and view file contents.
5.2 Managing Storage Devices
You can restore and format storage devices.
5.3 Managing the Directory
You can manage directories to logically store files in hierarchy.
5.4 Managing Files
You can view, create, delete, and rename files.
5.5 Example for Managing Files
This section describes how to manage files.

5.1 File System Introduction

The file system manages the files and directories in the storage device. You can create a file
system, create, delete, modify, and rename files and directories, and view file contents.
5.1.1 File System

This section describes the definition and function of the file system.
Definitions
The file system manages the files and directories in the storage devices. It can create, delete,
modify, and rename a file or directory and display the contents of the file.
Functions
The file system has two functions: managing the storage devices and managing the files that are
stored in those storage devices.
5.1.2 File System Supported by the ATN 910

The file system supported by the ATN 910 consists of storage devices, directories, and files.
Storage Devices
Storage devices are hardware devices for storing messages.
At present, the ATN equipment supports the storage devices such as compact flash (CF) card
and flash card.
Files
The file is a mechanism with which the system stores and manages messages.
Directories
The directory is a mechanism with which the system integrates and organizes the file, serving
as a logical container of the file.
5.1.3 File
A file is a mechanism used for the system to store and manage information.
The file system provides two functions:

l Managing storage devices
l Managing the files that are stored in storage devices
By managing files, you can view, create, delete or rename files.

5.1.4 Directory
A directory is a repository or database of information and a logical container of files. You can
save files to nested directories to implement hierarchical file management.
5.2 Managing Storage Devices

You can restore and format storage devices.

Before managing storage devices, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
When the ATN equipment cannot access data normally, the storage devices that do not function
normally need to be restored.
Before managing the storage devices, complete the following tasks:
l Installing the ATN equipment and starting it normally
l Enabling the client to log in to the ATN equipment
Data Preparations
Before managing the storage devices, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Device name
5.2.2 Restoring Storage Devices with File System Troubles

When the file system on a storage device fails, the terminal of the ATN equipment prompts you
to rectify the fault.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
fixdisk device-name

The storage devices with file system troubles is repaired.
NOTE
After this command is run, if the prompt that the system should be repaired is still received, it indicates
that the physical medium may be damaged.
----End
5.2.3 Formatting Storage Devices

You can format a storage device when you fail to repair the file system or you do not need any
data saved on the storage device.
Context
CAUTION
Formatting storage devices may lead to data loss.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
format device-name
The storage device is formatted.
NOTE
If the storage device cannot work after running the format device-name command, a fault may occur in
the hardware.
----End
5.3 Managing the Directory

You can manage directories to logically store files in hierarchy.

Before managing directories, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete
the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the
configuration task quickly and accurately.
When you need to transfer files between the client and the server, configure the directory by
using the file system.

Before configuring the management directory, complete the following tasks:

l Connecting the client with the server correctly
Data Preparation
To configure a management directory, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Directory name to be created
2 Directory name to be deleted
5.3.2 Viewing the Current Directory

You can view the current directory to know its information.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
pwd
The current directory is displayed.
----End
5.3.3 Switching a Directory

You can switch the current directory to another directory.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
A directory is specified.
Step 2 Run:
pwd

The current directory is displayed.
----End
5.3.4 Displaying a Directory or File

You can view a directory or files in the directory.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
A directory is specified and the specified directory is displayed.

Step 2 Run:
dir [ /all ] [ filename ]
The file and sub-directory list in the directory is displayed.

Either the absolute path or relative path is applicable.
----End
5.3.5 Creating a Directory

You can create a directory in the specified directory on a specified storage device.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
The parent directory of the directory to be created is displayed.

Step 2 Run:
mkdir directory
The directory is created.
----End
5.3.6 Deleting a Directory

You can delete an unneeded directory.
Context

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
The parent directory of the directory to be deleted is displayed.

Step 2 Run:
rmdir directory
The directory is deleted.
----End
5.4 Managing Files

You can view, create, delete, and rename files.

Before managing files, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete the pre-
configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the configuration
task quickly and accurately.
To view, delete, or rename files on the ATN equipment, you need to configure files using the
file system.
Before configuring the file system, complete the following tasks:

l Connecting the client with the server correctly
Data Preparation
To configure a file system, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 File name to be viewed
2 File name to be deleted
3 File name to be renamed
5.4.2 Displaying Contents of Files

You can view the contents of a file, which are displayed in texts.

Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
The directory of the file is displayed.

Step 2 Run:
more filename [ offset | all ]
The content of the file is displayed.

By specifying parameters in the more command, you can view files flexibly:
l By running the more file-name command, you can view the file named file-name. Contents
of a text file are displayed screen after screen. If you hold and press the spacebar on the
current terminal, all contents of the current file can be displayed.
There are two preconditions if you want to display the contents of a text file screen after
screen:
The value configured by screen-length screen-length command must be larger than 0.
The total lines of the file must be larger than the value configured by screen-length
command.
l By running the more file-name offset command, you can view the file named file-name.
Contents of a text file are displayed from the line specified by offset screen after screen. If
you hold and press the spacebar on the current terminal, all contents of the current file can
be displayed.
There are two preconditions if you want to display the contents of a text file screen after
screen:
The value configured by screen-length screen-length command must be larger than 0.
The result of the number of file characters subtracted by the value of offset must be larger
than the value configured by screen-length command.
l By running the more file-name all command, you can view the file named file-name.
Contents of a text file are completely displayed without pausing after each screenful of
information.
----End
5.4.3 Copying Files

You can copy files.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory

Step 2 Run:
copy source-filename destination-filename
The file is copied.
NOTE
The file to be copied must be larger than 0 bytes. Otherwise, the operation fails.
----End
5.4.4 Moving Files

You can move files to a specified directory.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
Step 2 Run:
move source-filename destination-filename
The file is moved.
----End
5.4.5 Renaming Files

You can rename files.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory
Step 2 Run:
rename source-filename destination-filename
The file is renamed.
----End

5.4.6 Compressing Files

You can compress files to reduce the size of the files.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
zip source-filename destination-filename
The file is compressed.
----End
5.4.7 Deleting Files

You can delete unneeded files.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
cd directory

Step 2 Run:
delete [ /unreserved ] [ /quiet ] { filename | device-name }
The file is deleted.
----End
5.4.8 Deleting Files in the Recycle Bin

You can permanently delete files in the recycle bin.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
reset recycle-bin [ filename ]
The file is deleted.
----End

5.4.9 Undeleting Files

You can undelete files.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
undelete filename
The deleted file is recovered.
NOTE
l If the current directory is not the parent directory, you must operate the file by using the absolute path.
l If you use the parameter [ /unreserved ] in the delete command, the file cannot be restored after being
deleted.
----End
5.4.10 Running Files in Batch

You can upload the files and then process the files in batches.
Prerequisites
Uploading the batched files on the client end to the ATN equipment.
Context
When the batch file is created, you can run the batch file to implement routine tasks
automatically.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
execute filename
The batched file is executed.
----End
5.4.11 Configuring Prompt Modes

The system displays prompts or warning messages when you operate the device. If you need to
change the prompt mode for file operations, you can configure the prompt mode of the file
system.

Prerequisites
Before configuring a file system, complete the following tasks:

l Logging in to the ATN equipmentfrom the client end
Context
The data may be lost or damaged during the process, and the prompt is required.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
file prompt { alert | quiet }
The prompt mode of the file system is configured.
By default, the prompt mode is alert.
CAUTION
If the prompt is in the quiet mode, no prompt appears for data lossdue to maloperation.
----End
5.5 Example for Managing Files

This section describes how to manage files.
By configuring the file system of the ATN equipment, the user can operate the ATN
equipment through the console port and copy files to the specified directory.
The file path in the storage device must be correct. If the user does not specify a target file name,
the source file name is the name of the target file by default.
1. Check the files under a certain directory.

2. Copy a file to this directory.
3. Check this directory and view that the file is copied successfully to the specified directory.

Data Preparation
l Source file name and target file name
l Source file path and target file path
Procedure
Step 1 Display the file information in the directory of cfcard:/folder2, cfcard:/ is the flash memory
identifier.
<HUAWEI> pwd
cfcard:/
<HUAWEI> cd cfcard:/folder2
<HUAWEI> dir
Info: File can't be found in the directory.
499,720 KB total (47,776 KB free)
Step 2 Copy files from cfcard:/folder1/sample.txt to cfcard:/folder2/sample.txt.

<HUAWEI> copy cfcard:/folder1/sample.txt cfcard:/folder2
Copy cfcard:/folder1/sample.txt to cfcard:/folder2/sample.txt?[Y/N]:Y
100% complete
Info: Copied file cfcard:/folder1/sample.txt to cfcard:/folder2/sample.txt...Done.
Step 3 Display the file information about the current directory, and you can view that the file is copied
to the specified directory.
<HUAWEI> dir
Directory of cfcard:/folder2/
Idx Attr Size(Byte) Date Time(LMT) FileName

0 -rw- 6 Dec 21 2011 16:15:52 sample.txt
499,720 KB total (47,768 KB free)
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 6 Management of Configuration Files
6 Management of Configuration Files
About This Chapter
This chapter describes current configurations, configuration files, detection of master/slave

configuration consistency, and configuration recovery.
6.1 Management of Configuration Files Introduction

The configuration file is the add-in configuration item when restarting the ATN equipment this
time or next time.
6.2 Managing Configuration Files
You can manage configuration files to ensure that the ATN equipment starts normally.

6.1 Management of Configuration Files Introduction

time or next time.
6.1.1 Configuration Files

This part describes basic concepts of configuration files.
time or next time.
The configuration file is a text file in the following formats:
l It is saved in the command format.

l To save space, default parameters are not saved. For the default values of the configuration
parameters, see following sections.
l Commands are organized on the basis of the command view. All commands of the identical
command view are grouped into a section. Every two command sections are separated by
one or several blank lines or comment lines (beginning with "#").
l The sequence of command sections is global configuration, logic interface configuration,
physical interface configuration, routing protocol configuration and so on.
NOTE
l The system can run the command with the maximum length of 512 characters, including the command
in an incomplete form.
l If the configuration is in the incomplete form, the command is saved in complete form. Therefore, the
command length in the configuration file may exceed 512 characters. When the system restarts, these
commands cannot be restored.
6.1.2 Configuration Files and Current Configurations

The part describes basic concepts of configuration files and current configurations.
l Initial configurations: On powering on, the ATN equipment retrieves the configuration files
from a default save path to initiate itself. If configuration files do not exist in the default
save path, the ATN equipment uses the default parameters.
l Current configurations: indicates the effective configurations of the currently running ATN
equipment.
l Users can modify the current configurations of the ATN equipment through the command
line interface. Use the save command to save the current configuration to the configuration
file of the default storage devices, and the current configuration becomes the initial
configuration of the ATN equipment when the ATN equipment is powered on next time.
6.2 Managing Configuration Files

You can manage configuration files to ensure that the ATN equipment starts normally.


Before managing configuration files, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
In one of the following situations, you need to manage configuration files:
l To start the ATN equipment normally, you need to select the correct ATN 910 system
software and configuration file for the ATN equipment to load.
l After modifying current configurations, you need to save the modified contents.
l You need to view the configuration of the ATN equipment.
Before managing configuration files, complete the following task:
l Installing the ATN equipment and starting it properly
Data Preparation
To manage configuration files, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 ATN 910 System software and its file name
2 Configuration file and its name
3 The number of the start line from which the comparison of the configuration files
begins
6.2.2 Configuring System Software for a ATN equipment to Load

for the Next Startup
To upgrade the system software of a ATN equipment, you can specify the ATN 910 system
software to be loaded for the next startup.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
startup system-software system-file [ slave-board ]
The ATN 910 system software for the ATN equipment to load next time when it starts is
configured.

The filename extension of the system software must be .cc and must be stored in the root directory
of a storage device.
You can specify the system-file and use the system software for the next startup that is saved on
the device.
slave-board is valid only on the ATN equipment with dual main control boards.
----End
6.2.3 Configuring the Configuration File for ATN to Load for the
Next Startup
Before restarting a ATN equipment, you can specify the configuration files that are loaded for
the next startup.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
startup saved-configuration configuration-file
Configuration file is saved for the ATN equipment to load next time on startup.
The filename extension of the configuration file must be .cfg or .zip, and must be stored in the
root directory of a storage device.
The effective configuration when a ATN equipment is working is called current configuration.
----End
6.2.4 Saving Configuration Files

You can save configuration files periodically or immediately.
Context
The system can save the configuration files periodically or in real time to prevent data loss when
the ATN equipment is powered off or accidentally restarted.
Run one of the following commands to save configuration files.
Procedure
l Run:
1. system-view

2. set save-configuration [ interval interval | cpu-limit cpu-usage | delay
delay-interval ] *
The configuration file is saved at intervals.

After the parameter interval interval is specified, the device saves the configuration
file at specified intervals regardless of whether the configuration file is changed.

If the set save-configuration command is not run, the system does not
automatically save configurations.
If the set save-configuration command without specified interval is run, the
system automatically saves configurations at 30-minute intervals.
When you configure the automatic saving function, to prevent that function from
affecting system performance, you can set the upper limit of the CPU usage for the
system during automatic saving. When automatic saving is triggered by the expiry of
the timer, the CPU usage is checked. If the CPU usage is higher than the set upper
limit, automatic saving will be canceled.
After delay delay-interval is specified, if the configuration is changed, the device
automatically saves the configuration after the specified delay.
After automatic saving of configurations is configured, the system automatically saves
the changed configurations to the configuration file for the next startup and
configuration files are changed accordingly with the saved configurations.
Before configuring the automatic configure file saving on the server, you need to run
the set save-configuration backup-to-server server server-ip [ transport-type
{ ftp | sftp } ] user user-name password password [ path folder ] or set save-
configuration backup-to-server server server-ip transport-type tftp [ path
folder ] command to configure the server, including the IP address, username,
password of the server, destination path, and mode of transporting the configuration
file to the server.
NOTE
If configuration files transmitted in TFTP mode are saved, the tftp client-source command
can be run to configure the address of a loopback interface of the ATN equipment as a source
address of a client to ensure security.
WARNING
When the automatic saving function is enabled and the LPU is not properly installed,
corresponding configurations may be lost.
l Run:
save [ all ] [ configuration-file ]
The current configurations are saved.
The filename extension of the configuration file must be .cfg or .zip. The system startup
configuration file must be saved in the root directory of a storage device.
The user can modify the current configuration through the command line interface. To set
the current configuration as initial configuration when the ATN equipment starts next time,
you can use the save command to save the current configuration in the cfcard memory.
You can use the save all command to save all the current configurations, including the
configurations of the boards that are not inserted, to the default directory.
NOTE
When saving the configuration file for the first time, if you do not specify the optional parameter
configuration-file, the ATN equipment asks you whether to save the file as "vrpcfg.zip" or not.
----End

6.2.5 Clearing a Configuration File

You can clear the configuration file that has been loaded to a device, or clear the inactive
configurations of the boards that are not installed in slots.
Context
The configuration file stored in cfcard memory needs to be cleared in the following cases:
l The system software does not match the configuration file after the ATN equipment has
been upgraded.
l The configuration file is destroyed or an incorrect configuration file has been loaded.
Procedure
l Clear the currently loaded configuration file.
Run the reset saved-configuration command to clear the currently loaded configuration
file.
If the configuration file of the ATN equipment used for the current startup is the same
as that used for the next startup, running the reset saved-configuration command will
clear both the configuration files. The ATN equipment will uses the default
configuration file for the next startup.
If the configuration file of the ATN equipment used for the current startup is different
from that used at the next startup, running the reset saved-configuration command will
clear the configuration file used for the current startup.
If the configuration file of the ATN equipment used for the current startup is empty, the
system will prompt you that the configuration file does not exist after you run the reset
saved-configuration command.
If you do not run the startup saved-configuration configuration-file command to specify

a new correct configuration file, or do not run the save command to save the configuration
file after the configuration file is cleared, the ATN equipment will use the default
configuration file at the next startup.
----End
6.2.6 Comparing Configuration Files

You can compare the current configuration with the initial configuration.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
compare configuration [ configuration-file ] [ current-line-number save-line-
number ]
The current configuration is compared with the configuration file for next startup.

If no parameter is set, the comparison begins with the first lines of configuration files. current-
line-number and save-line-number are used to continue the comparison by ignoring the
differences between the configuration files.
When comparing differences between the configuration files, the system displays the contents
of the current configuration file and saved configuration file from the first different line. By
default, 150 characters are displayed for each configuration file. If the number of characters from
the first different line to the end is less than 150, the contents after the first different line are all
displayed.
In comparing the current configurations with the configuration file for next startup, if the
configuration file for next startup is unavailable or its contents are null, the system prompts that
reading files fails.
----End

After managing configuration files has been configured, you can view the current configuration
files, configuration files to be loaded at the next startup, files for the device startup, and files
saved in the storage device.
Prerequisites
The configuration of managing configuration files are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display current-configuration [ configuration [ configuration-type
[ configuration-instance ] ] | controller | interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] ]
[ feature feature-name [ filter filter-expression ] | filter filter-expression ] or display
current-configuration [ all | inactive ] command to view the current configuration files.
l Run the display saved-configuration [ last | time | configuration ] command to view
configuration files to be loaded at the next startup.
l Run the display startup command to view files for the device startup.
l Run the dir [ /all ] [ filename ] command to view files saved in the storage device.
l Run the display changed-configuration time command to view the time of the last
configuration change.
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 7 FTP and TFTP
7 FTP and TFTP
About This Chapter
FTP and TFTP are commonly-used file transfer protocols.
7.1 FTP and TFTP Introduction

This section describes basic concepts of FTP and TFTP.
7.2 Configuring the ATN to be the FTP Server
After a ATN equipment is configured with basic functions of the FTP server, you can run the
FTP client application to log in to the ATN equipment, and then access files on the ATN
equipment.
7.3 Configuring FTP ACL
You can configure the FTP ACL on a ATN equipment to allow only specified users to log in to
the ATN equipment.
7.4 Configuring the ATN to Be the FTP Client
You can configure a ATN equipment to be an FTP client and then log in to the FTP server.
7.5 Configuring the ATN to Be the TFTP Client
7.6 Limiting the Access to the TFTP Server
You can configure the maximum number of TFTP servers that a TFTP client can access to
determine which TFTP servers the TFTP client can log in to.
This section provides several configuration examples for FTP,and TFTP together with the
configuration flowchart. The configuration examples explain networking requirements,
configuration notes, and configuration roadmap.

7.1 FTP and TFTP Introduction

This section describes basic concepts of FTP and TFTP.
7.1.1 FTP
You can transfer files between local and remote hosts through FTP. FTP is commonly used in
version upgrade, log downloading, file transfer, and configuration saving.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It
implements file transfer between local and remote hosts based on related file systems. The FTP
protocol is implemented based on corresponding file system.
The ATN equipment provides the following FTP services:
l FTP server service. Users can run the FTP client program to log in to the ATN
equipment and access the files on the ATN equipment.
l FTP client service. Users can establish a connection with the ATN equipment by running
a terminal emulation program or a Telnet program on a PC. Enter an FTP command to
connect with the remote FTP server and access the files on the remote host.
7.1.2 TFTP
TFTP does not have a complex interactive access interface and authentication control. TFTP is
applicable when there is no complex interaction between the client and server.
The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a simple file transfer protocol.
Compared with FTP, TFTP does not have a complex interactive access interface and
authentication control. TFTP is applicable in an environment where there is no complex
interaction between the client and the server. For example, TFTP is used to obtain the memory
image of the system when the system starts up.
TFTP is implemented based on the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
The client initiates the TFTP transfer. To download files, the client sends a read request packet
to the TFTP server, receives packets from the server, and sends acknowledgement to the server.
To upload files, the client sends a write request packet to the TFTP server, sends packets to the
server, and receives acknowledgement from the server.
TFTP transfers the files in two formats:
l The binary format: transfers program files.
l The ASCII format: transfers text files.
At present, the ATN 910 serves only as the TFTP client and transfers files in the binary format.
7.2 Configuring the ATN to be the FTP Server

After a ATN equipment is configured with basic functions of the FTP server, you can run the
FTP client application to log in to the ATN equipment, and then access files on the ATN
equipment.


Before configuring a ATN equipment to be the FTP server, familiarize yourself with the
applicable environment, complete the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This
can help you complete the configuration task quickly and accurately.
When the ATN equipment serves as the FTP server, after the client logs in to the ATN
equipment through FTP, the user can transfer files between the client and the server.
Before configuring the ATN equipment as the FTP server, complete the following tasks:

l Connecting the FTP client to the server
Data Preparation
To configure the ATN equipment as the FTP server, you need the following data.
NOTE
For FTP secure server connection, perform step 2.
No. Data
1 (Optional) Listening port number specified on the FTP server
2 Configuring FTP Server Certificate-key and Chain-key
3 Enabling FTP Server
4 (Optional) Source IP address or source interface of the FTP server
5 (Optional) Timeout period of the disconnection from the FTP server
6 FTP username and password
7 File directory authorized to the FTP user
7.2.2 (Optional) Specifying a Port Number for the FTP Server

You can configure or change the monitoring port number of the FTP server. After the port
number is changed, only the user knows the current port number, which guarantees the security.
Context
If the FTP is not enabled, change the FTP port as required.
If the FTP service is enabled, run the undo ftp server command to disable the FTP service, and
then change the FTP port.

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ftp server port port-number
The port number of the FTP server is configured.

If a new number of a monitored port is configured, the FTP server interrupts all the FTP
connections and monitors the port of the new number. By default, the number of the port
monitored by the FTP server is 21.
----End
7.2.3 Enabling the FTP Server

This section describes how to enable FTP server.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ftp server enable
The FTP server is enabled.
NOTE
When the file operation between clients and the ATN equipment ends, run the undo ftp server command
to disable the FTP server function. This ensures the security of the ATN equipment.
----End
7.2.4 Configuring the Source IP Address of the FTP Server

The source address of the FTP server can be specified to allow only authorized users to access
the FTP server. This ensures security.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that functions as an FTP server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:

ftp server-source -a source-ip-address
The source IP address of an FTP server is configured.
After the source address is configured, the address specified in the ftp command for login to the
FTP server must be the configured source address. Otherwise, the login fails.
----End
7.2.5 (Optional) Configuring the Timeout Period

This section describes how to configure the timeout period of the FTP server.
Context
If the client is idle for the configured time, the connection is removed from the FTP server.
By default, the timeout value is 10 minutes.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
ftp timeout minutes
The timeout period of the FTP server is configured.
----End
7.2.6 Configuring the Local Username and the Password

You can configure the authentication information for FTP users, which prevents unauthorized
users from performing operations on the device and thus guarantees the security.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as the FTP server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
aaa
Step 3 Run:

The local username and the password are configured.
----End
7.2.7 Configuring the Service Type and Authorization Information

You can configure the authorization mode and authorization directory for FTP users. In this
case, unauthorized users cannot access the restricted directory, which guarantees the security.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 (Optional) Run:

set default ftp-directory directory
The default FTP working directory is configured.
Step 3 Run:
aaa
Step 4 Run:
local-user user-name service-type ftp
The FTP service type is configured.
Step 5 Run:
local-user user-name ftp-directory directory
The authorization directory about the FTP user is configured.
----End

This section describes how to check the FTP server configuration.
Prerequisites
The FTP server must be configured before running the below mentioned commands. Otherwise
the system does not display any data.
Procedure
l Run the display ftp-server command to check the configuration of the FTP server.
l Run the display ftp-server secure-info command to check the configuration of the FTP
secure server.

l Run the display ftp-users command to check how many users are currently logged in FTP
server.
----End
7.3 Configuring FTP ACL

You can configure the FTP ACL on a ATN equipment to allow only specified users to log in to
the ATN equipment.

Before configuring the FTP ACL, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
When the ATN equipment serves as the FTP server, for security, you can configure the ATN
equipment by the access control list (ACL) to be accessed by only those clients that meet the
matching conditions.
Before configuring the FTP ACL, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting the FTP client with the server
Data Preparation
To configure the FTP ACL, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 ACL number
7.3.2 Enabling the FTP Server

The FTP server is disabled by default. You need to enable the FTP server before using FTP
functions.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view


Step 2 Run:
ftp server enable
The FTP server is started.
----End
7.3.3 Configuring a Basic ACL

You can configure a basic ACL and define rules by specifying the source IP address.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
acl acl-number
The ACL view is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
rule [ rule-id ] { deny | permit } [ fragment | logging | source { source-ip-address
source-wildcard | any } | time-range time-name | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] *
The ACL rule is configured.
NOTE
FTP supports only the basic ACL.
----End
7.3.4 Configuring the Basic FTP ACL

You can configure the basic FTP ACL.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ftp acl acl-number

The basic FTP ACL is configured.
----End

After configuring the FTP ACL, you can view the configuration and status of the FTP server as
well as information about login FTP users.
Prerequisites
The configuration of FTP ACL are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display ftp-server command to check the configuration and status of the FTP
server.
----End
7.4 Configuring the ATN to Be the FTP Client


Before configuring a ATN equipment to be an FTP client, familiarize yourself with the applicable
When a ATN equipment serves as an FTP client, you can log in to the FTP server through the
ATN equipment and then transmit files or manage server directory.
Before configuring the ATN equipment as an FTP client, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting the FTP client to the server
Data Preparation
To configure the ATN equipment as an FTP client, you need the following data.
NOTE
For FTP secure server connection, perform step 2, 3 and 4.
No. Data
1 (Optional) Source IP address or source interface of the device functioning as an FTP

client

No. Data
2 Configuring FTP Client Trusted-CA
3 (Optional) Configuring FTP Client CRL
4 (Optional) Configuring FTP Client Set Verify Depth
5 Logging into the FTP Server
6 Host name or IP address of the FTP server
7 Port number of connecting FTP
8 FTP protocol command
9 Local file name and file name on the remote FTP server
10 Working directory name of the remote FTP server, local working directory of the
FTP client, or directory name of the remote FTP server
11 Login username and password
7.4.2 (Optional) Configuring Source IP Address and Interface of the

FTP Client
This section describes how to configure the source IP address and interface of FTP client to
establish the connection with FTP server.
Prerequisites
The interface configuration is possible, only if the system has a loopback interface.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ftp client-source { -a ip-address }
The source IP address of the FTP client is configured.

or
ftp client-source { -i interface-type interface-number }
The loopback addresses of the FTP client is configured.
NOTE
Then, run the display ftp-client command on the ATN equipment to view the current configuration of the FTP
client.
----End

7.4.3 Logging In to the FTP Server

You can log in to the FTP server in the user view or the FTP view.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as the client:
Procedure
Step 1 Run the following commands according to types of the server IP address.
l If the IP address of the server is an IPv4 address, do as follows:
In the user view, establish a connection to the FTP server.
Run:
ftp [ [ -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number ] host
[ port-number ]
The ATN equipment is connected to the FTP server.

In the FTP view, establish a connection to the FTP server.
1. Run:
ftp
The FTP view is displayed.

2. Run:
open [-a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number ] host
[ port-number ]
The ATN equipment is connected to the FTP server.

NOTE
Before logging in to the FTP server, you can run the set net-manager vpn-instance
command to configure a default VPN instance. After that, the default VPN instance is used
in the FTP operation.
----End
7.4.4 Configuring Data Type and Transmission Mode for the File
This section describes how to configure the data type and transmission mode for the file.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
ascii | binary
The data type of the file to be transmitted is ascii or binary mode.
NOTE
FTP server supports ascii mode for data transmission. But in ATN 910, user has to switch to binary mode for
data transfer.

Step 2 Run:
passive
The passive file transfer mode is configured.
Step 3 Run:
verbose
The verbose mode for FTP is enabled.
When verbose is enabled, all FTP responses are displayed. After file transmission, the statistics
about transmission efficiency will be displayed.
----End
7.4.5 (Optional) Viewing Online Help of the FTP Command

This section describes how to view the online help of the FTP command.
Context
This configuration provides help information for protocol commands.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
remotehelp command
The online help of the FTP command is displayed.
----End
7.4.6 Uploading or Downloading Files

You can upload local files to a remote FTP server, download files of the FTP server, and save
the files on the local device.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Upload or download files.
l Run:
put local-filename [ remote-filename ]
The local file is uploaded to the remote FTP server.

l Run:
get remote-filename [ local-filename ]
The FTP file is downloaded from the FTP server and saved to the local file.
----End

7.4.7 Managing Directories

You can perform management operations, such as creating and deleting directories, on the FTP
server.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run one or more commands in the following order to manage directories.
l Run:
cd pathname
The working path of the remote FTP server is specified.

l Run:
cdup
The working path of the FTP server is switched to the upper-level directory.
l Run:
pwd
The specified directory of the FTP server is displayed.

l Run:
lcd [ local-directory ]
The directory of the FTP client is displayed or changed.

l Run:
mkdir remote-directory
A directory is created on the FTP server.

l Run:
rmdir remote-directory
A directory is removed from the FTP server.

NOTE
l The directory to be created can comprise letters and digits, but not special characters such as <,
>, ?, \ and :.
l When running the mkdir /abc command, you create a sub-directory named "abc".
----End
7.4.8 Managing Files

You can view a specified directory or file on the remote FTP server or delete a specified file
from the FTP server.
Context

Procedure
Step 1 Run one or more commands in the following to manage directories.
l Run:
ls [ remote-filename ] [ local-filename ]
The specified directory or file on the remote FTP server is displayed.

If the directory name is not specified when a specific remote file is selected, the system
searches the working directory for the specific file.
l Run:
dir [ remote-filename ] [ local-filename ]
The specified directory or file on the local FTP server is displayed.

l Run:
delete remote-filename
The specified file on the FTP server is deleted.

When local-filename is set, related information about the file can be downloaded locally.
----End
7.4.9 (Optional) Changing Login Users

This section describes how to change the username and password for remote login.
Prerequisites
This configuration must be performed in FTP view.
Context
The username and password are of string data type. The string length for username must be in
the range of 1 to 85 case-insensitive characters and password must be in the range of 1 to 16
case-insensitive characters.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
user username [ password ]
The current login user is changed and the user logs in again.
----End
7.4.10 Disconnecting from the FTP Server

This section describes how the client ATN equipment disconnects from FTP server.

Prerequisites
The configurations must be performed in the FTP view.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
bye
or
quit
The client ATN equipment is disconnected from the FTP server.

Return to the user view.
Step 2 Run:
close
or
disconnect
The client ATN equipment is disconnected from the FTP server.

This command terminates the FTP session.
----End

This section describes how to check the FTP client configuration.
Prerequisites
The FTP client must be configured before running the below mentioned command. Otherwise
the system does not display any data.
Procedure
l Run the display ftp-client command to check the configuration status of FTP client.
l Run the display ftp-client secure-info command to check the configuration status of FTP
secure client.
----End
7.5 Configuring the ATN to Be the TFTP Client


Before configuring TFTP, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete the
pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the

You can transfer files through TFTP between the server and the client in a simple interaction
environment.
Before configuring TFTP, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting the TFTP client with the server
Data Preparation
To configure TFTP, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 IP address of the TFTP server
2 Name of the specific file in the TFTP server
3 File directory
7.5.2 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for a TFTP Client

You can configure a source IP address for a TFTP client. Then, you can set up a TFTP connection
from the TFTP client to the server through a specific route by using this source IP address.
Context
Do as follows on a ATN equipment that functions as a TFTP client.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
tftp client-source { -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number }
A source IP address of a TFTP client is configured.

After the configuration, the source IP address of the TFTP client displayed on the TFTP server
must be the same as the configured one.
----End
7.5.3 Downloading Files Through TFTP

You can download files from the TFTP server to the TFTP client.

Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as the TFTP client:
Procedure
Step 1 Run the following commands according to the type of the server IP addresses.
NOTE
Currently, the ATN equipment only supports IPv4.

l The IP address of the server is IPv4 address, run:
tftp [ -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number ] tftp-server
[ public-net | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] get source-filename
[ destination-filename ]
The ATN equipment is configured to download files through TFTP.
----End
7.5.4 Uploading Files Through TFTP

You can upload files from the TFTP client to the TFTP server.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run the following commands according to the type of the server IP addresses.
NOTE

l The IP address of the server is IPv4 address, run:
tftp [ -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number ] tftp-server
[ public-net | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] put source-filename
[ destination-filename ]
The ATN equipment is configured to upload files through TFTP.
----End
7.6 Limiting the Access to the TFTP Server

You can configure the maximum number of TFTP servers that a TFTP client can access to
determine which TFTP servers the TFTP client can log in to.

Before configuring a limit to access TFTP servers, familiarize yourself with the applicable

When the ATN equipment serves as the TFTP client, you can configure the ACL on the ATN
equipment. After the configuration, you can control the TFTP server to which the device can
log in through TFTP.
Before configuring a limit to access the TFTP server, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting the TFTP client to the server
Data Preparation
To configure a limit to access to the TFTP server, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Source IP address of the TFTP client
2 IP address of the TFTP server
3 ACL number
7.6.2 Configuring the Basic ACL

You can configure ACL rules.
Context
NOTE
TFTP supports only the basic ACL.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
acl acl-number
The ACL view is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
rule [ rule-id ] { deny | permit } [ fragment | logging | source { source-ip-address
source-wildcard | any } | time-range time-name | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] *
The ACL rule is configured.
----End

7.6.3 Configuring the Basic TFTP ACL

You can configure the basic TFTP ACL.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End

This section provides several configuration examples for FTP,and TFTP together with the
configuration flowchart. The configuration examples explain networking requirements,
configuration notes, and configuration roadmap.
7.7.1 Example for Configuring FTP

In this example, a PC connected to a ATN equipment logs in to the FTP server by entering the
correct user name and password through FTP, and then downloads files to the memory of the
ATN equipment.
As shown in Figure 7-1, the IP address of the FTP server is 172.16.104.110/24.
Log in to the ATN equipment from the HyperTerminal and then download files from the FTP
server.
Figure 7-1 Networking diagram with FTP server basic functions

Server
GE2/0/0
172.16.104.110/24
GE0/3/0
172.16.104.120/24
1.1.1.2/24
ATN PC

1. Run the HyperTerminal on the PC and log in to the ATN equipment.
2. Use the correct username and password to log in to the FTP server to download the files
on the memory of the ATN equipment.
3. Download files to the memory of the ATN equipment.
Data Preparation
l FTP username as huawei and password as huawei on the server
l The correct path of the original files on the FTP server
l The destination file name and its position in the ATN equipment
Procedure
Step 1 Enable FTP on the FTP server and configure the authentication information about the FTP user.
[HUAWEI] sysname server
[server] ftp server enable
[server] ftp timeout 30
[server] aaa
[server-aaa] local-user huawei password simple huawei
Step 2 Configure the authorization mode and directory of the FTP user on the FTP server
[server-aaa] local-user huawei service-type ftp
[server-aaa] local-user huawei ftp-directory cfcard:
[server-aaa] quit
Step 3 Configure the IP address of the FTP server

[server] interface gigabitethernet2/0/0
[server-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] undo shutdown
[server-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] ip address 172.16.104.110 255.255.255.0
[server-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] quit
Step 4 Log in to the ATN equipment from the PC through the HyperTerminal, and connect to the FTP
server using the correct username and password to obtain system host software
# Log in to the FTP server to obtain the system host software and save it in the root directory of
the cf of the ATN equipment.
<HUAWEI> cd cfcard:
<HUAWEI> pwd
cfcard:
<HUAWEI> ftp 172.16.104.110
Trying 172.16.104.110 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected to 172.16.104.110.
220 FTP service ready.
User(172.16.104.110:(none)):huawei
331 Password required for huawei.
Password:
230 User logged in.
[ftp] binary
200 Type set to I.
[ftp] get V200R001C01.cc
The file V200R001C01.cc is already existing, overwrite it? [Y/N]:y
200 PORT command okay

150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for V200R001C01.cc.

226 Transfer complete.
FTP: 15805100 byte(s) received in 54.175 second(s) 291.74Kbyte(s)/sec.
[ftp] dir
200 Port command okay.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for *.
-rwxrwxrwx 1 noone nogroup 67 Jul 17 13:24 V200R001C01.cc
-rwxrwxrwx 1 noone nogroup 13990 Jun 26 17:41 license-80ip.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 noone nogroup 4 Jul 17 15:25 snmpnotilog.txt
[ftp] bye
----End
Configuration Files
Configuration file of the FTP server.
#
sysname Server
#
FTP server enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 172.16.104.110 255.255.255.0
#
aaa
local-user huawei password simple Huawei
local-user huawei service-type ftp
local-user huawei ftp-directory cfcard:
authentication-scheme default
#
#
#
domain default
#
return
7.7.2 Example for Configuring the FTP Client

In this example, a ATN equipment is configured to be an FTP client. Then, the ATN
equipment logs in to the FTP server and downloads system software and configuration software.
As shown in Figure 7-2, the ATN equipment that serves as the FTP client are connected to the
FTP server, and download system software and configuration software from the FTP server to
the client side.
Figure 7-2 Networking diagram of configuring the FTP client
GE0/3/0
IP Network
Server ATN
172.16.104.110/24 172.16.105.110/24

1. Log in to the FTP server from the FTP client.
2. Download the system files form the server to the storage devices on the client side.
Data Preparation
l IP address of the FTP server

l The destination file name and its position in the ATN equipment
l User name and password used to log in to the FTP server
Procedure
Step 1 Log in to the FTP server from the ATN equipment.
<HUAWEI> ftp 172.16.104.110
Trying 72.16.104.110
Connected to 172.16.104.110
User(ftp 172.16.104.110:(none)):huawei
331 Password required for huawei
Password:
230 User logged in.
Step 2 Configure the transmission mode to the binary format and configure the directory of the Flash
memory on the ATN equipment.
[ftp] binary
200 Type set to I.
[ftp] lcd cfcard:/
Info: Local directory now cfcard:.
Step 3 Download the newest system software from the remote FTP server on the ATN equipment.
[ftp] get V200R001C01.cc
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for V200R001C01.cc.
[ftp] quit
----End
7.7.3 Example for Configuring TFTP

In this example, the TFTP application is run on the TFTP server and the location of the source
file on the server is set. After that, you can upload and download files.
As shown in Figure 7-3, the IP address of the TFTP server is 10.111.16.160/24.
Log in to the ATN equipment from the HyperTerminal and then download the file
V200R001C01.cc from the TFTP server.

Figure 7-3 Networking diagram of configuring TFTP

10.111.16.160/24
PC TFTP Client TFTP Server
1. Run the TFTP application on the TFTP server, and set the location of the file on the server.
2. Use the TFTP command on the ATN equipment to download the file.
3. Use the TFTP command on the ATN equipment to upload the file.
Data Preparation
l The TFTP application installed on the TFTP server
l The path of the file on the TFTP server
l The destination file name and its path on the ATN equipment
Procedure
Step 1 Start the TFTP server, and set its Current Directory as the directory where the
V200R001C01.cc file resides. Figure 7-4 shows the interface.
Figure 7-4 Setting the Base Directory of the TFTP server

NOTE
The display may be different depending on different TFTP server applications run in the computer.
Step 2 Log in to the ATN equipment from the computer HyperTerminal and enter the following
command to download the file.
<HUAWEI>tftp 10.111.16.160 get V200R001C01.cc cfcard:/V200R001C01.cc
Info: Transfer file in binary mode.
Downloading the file from the remote TFTP server. Please wait...|
TFTP: Downloading the file successfully. 15805100 bytes received in 42734
second.
Step 3 Run the dir command to check whether the downloaded file is saved in the specified directory
on the ATN equipment.
<HUAWEI> dir cfcard:
Directory of cfcard:/
Idx Attr Size(Byte) Date Time FileName
1 -rw- 40 Jun 24 2011 09:30:40 private-data.txt
2 -rw- 396 May 19 2011 15:00:10 rsahostkey.dat
3 -rw- 540 May 19 2011 15:00:10 rsaserverkey.dat
4 -rw- 2718 Jun 21 2011 17:46:46 1.cfg
5 -rw- 14343 May 19 2011 15:00:10 paf.txt
6 -rw- 1004 Feb 05 2010 09:51:22 vrp1.zip
7 -rw- 6247 May 19 2011 15:00:10 license.txt
8 -rw- 14343 May 16 2011 14:13:42 paf.txt.bak
9 -rw- 86235884 Feb 05 2010 10:23:46 V200R001C01.cc
Step 4 Log in to the ATN equipment from the computer HyperTerminal and enter the following
command to upload the file.
<HUAWEI> tftp 10.111.16.160 put cfcard:/vrpcfg.zip
Info: Transfer file in binary mode.
Uploading the file to the remote TFTP server. Please wait.../
TFTP: Uploading the file successfully. 1217 bytes send in 1 second.
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 8 Telnet and SSH
8 Telnet and SSH
About This Chapter
Telnet and SSH can provide a terminal which enables users to remotely log in to and access a
server.
8.1 Telnet and SSH Introduction

This section explains basic concepts of user login by means of Telnet and SSH.
8.2 Configuring Telnet Terminal Services
This section explains how to log in to a ATN equipment by means of Telnet and configure the
ATN equipment.
8.3 Configuring SSH Users
SSH users must be configured to ensure that STelnet or SFTP clients are able to log in to SSH
servers.
8.4 Configuring the SSH Server Function
This section describes how to configure the SSH server. STelnet or SFTP must first be enabled
on the SSH server.
8.5 Configuring the STelnet Client Function
This section describes how to configure the STelnet client. A secure connection between the
client and server can be established through negotiation, and the client will be able to log in to
the server similarly to using Telnet services.
8.6 Configuring the SFTP Client Function
This section explains how to configure the SFTP client. The authentication and bidirectional
data encryption of the SFTP client can be manually configured, which will ensure secure file
transmission on the network.
This section provides configuration examples for Telnet and SSH along with a configuration
flowchart. The configuration examples explain networking requirements, configuration notes,
and configuration roadmap.

8.1 Telnet and SSH Introduction

This section explains basic concepts of user login by means of Telnet and SSH.
8.1.1 Overview of User Login

You can locally or remotely log in to a ATN equipment through the console port, Telnet, or
SSH.
To configure, monitor, and maintain the local or remote network devices running ATN 910, you
need to configure the user interface, the user management, and the terminal service.
The user interface provides a login plane. The user management guarantees the login security
and the terminal service provides related processes of login protocol.
The ATN 910 supports the following login methods:
l Login through the console port

l Local or remote login through Telnet or SSH
8.1.2 Telnet Terminal Services

The ATN 910 provides Telnet services including Telnet server, Telnet client, and redirection
terminal.
Telnet Services
Telnet is an application layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It provides remote login and
a virtual terminal service through the network.
The ATN 910 provides the following Telnet services:
l Telnet server: You can run the Telnet client program on a PC to log in to the ATN
equipment, configure and manage it. The ATN equipment acts as a Telnet server.
l Telnet client: You can run the terminal emulation program or the Telnet client program on
a PC to connect with the ATN equipment. With the telnet command, you can log in to other
ATN equipments to configure and manage them. As shown in Figure 8-1, ATN A serves
as both the Telnet server and the Telnet client.
Figure 8-1 Telnet client services
Telnet Session 1 Telnet Session2
Telnet
Server
PC ATN A ATN B

l Redirection terminal services: You can run the Telnet client program on a PC to log in to
the ATN equipment through a specified port number. Then connect with the serial interface
devices that are connected with the asynchronous interface of the ATN equipment, as shown
in Figure 8-2. The typical application is to connect the asynchronous interface of the ATN
equipment with multiple devices for their remote configuration and maintenance.
Figure 8-2 Telnet redirection services

PC
Ethernet
ATN
Async0 Async1 Async2

Async8/16
CX600-1 Lan Switch Modem CX600-2
NOTE
Only the devices that provide the asynchronous interface support the Telnet redirection service.
l Interruption of Telnet services
In Telnet connection, you can use two types of shortcut keys to interrupt the connection.
As shown in Figure 8-3, ATN A logs in to ATN B through Telnet, and ATN B logs in
to ATN C through Telnet. Thus, a cascade network is formed. In this case, ATN A is the
client of ATN B and ATN B is the client of ATN C. Figure 8-3 illustrates the usage of
the two types of shortcut keys.
Figure 8-3 Usage of Telnet shortcut keys
Telnet Session 1 Telnet Session2
Telnet Telnet
Client Server
ATN A ATN B ATN C
<Ctrl_]>: The server interrupts the connection.

If the network connection is normal, when you press Ctrl_], the Telnet server interrupts
the current Telnet connection actively. For example:
<ATNC>
Press <Ctrl_]> to return to the prompt of ATN B.

Info: The max number of VTY users is 10, and the current number
of VTY users on line is 1.
Info: The connection was closed by the remote host.
<ATNB>
Press <Ctrl_]> to return to the prompt of ATN A.

Info: The connection was closed by the remote host.
<ATNA>
NOTE
If the network disconnects, the shortcut keys become invalid. The instruction cannot be sent to the
server.
<Ctrl_T>: The client interrupts the connection.
When the server fails and the client is unaware of the failure, the server does not respond
to the input of the client. In this case, if you press Ctrl_T, the Telnet client interrupts the
connection actively and quits the Telnet connection.
For example:
<ATNC>
Press <Ctrl_T> to directly interrupt the connection and quit Telnet connection.
<ATNA>
CAUTION
When the number of remote login users reaches to the maximum number of VTY user
interfaces, the system prompts that all user interfaces are in use and you cannot use Telnet
to log in.
8.1.3 SSH Terminal Services

SSH terminal services support the basic SSH protocol, SFTP protocol, STelnet protocol,. In
addition, SSH terminal services support other ports and secure remote access.
SSH Overview
When users on an insecure network log in to the ATN equipment through Telnet, the Secure
Shell (SSH) feature ensures information security and authentication to protect the ATN
equipment from attacks such as IP address spoofing and interception of plain text password.
The ATN equipment can be connected to multiple SSH users.
The SSH client function allows users to establish SSH connections with the ATN equipment
serving as SSH server or with UNIX hosts.
l SSH connection in a LAN
As shown in Figure 8-4, the client can set up an SSH connection with the server in a Local
Area Network (LAN).

Figure 8-4 Establishing an SSH channel in a LAN
Server
Ethernet 100BASE-TX
Server LapTop PC
PC running SSH Client
l SSH connection in a WAN

As shown in Figure 8-5, the client can set up an SSH connection with the server in a Wide
Area Network (WAN).
Figure 8-5 Establishing an SSH channel in a WAN
Local LAN Remote LAN
WAN
ATN SSH Server
PC running SSH Client PC
Advantages of SSH
SSH supports the STelnet client n, Secure FTP (SFTP) client.
l STelnet client
Telnet services do not provide secure authentication and use TCP to transmit data in plain
text. This leads to security problems. In addition, Telnet services are prone to network
attacks, such as DOS (Denial of Service) attacks, the host IP address spoofing, and routing
spoofing..
Unlike Telnet, SSH provides the secure remote access on insecure networks and has the
following advantages:
Supports Remote Subscriber Access (RSA) authentication. In RSA authentication, SSH
generates and exchanges public and private keys compliant with asymmetric
encipherment system to ensure the session security.
Supports Data Encryption Standard (DES), 3DES, and AES authentications.
Prevents password interception by encrypting the username and password in the
communication between the SSH client and the SSH server..
Encrypts the data to be transferred.
When the STelnet server or the connection to the client is faulty, the client must detect the
fault in time and release the connection voluntarily. This requires that the client be

configured with the interval at which keepalive packets are sent and the maximum number
of times that the server does not respond when it logs in to the server through Stelnet. If
the client does not receive any response within specified period, the client sends a keepalive
packet to the server. If the number of times that the server does not respond exceeds the
specified limit, the client releases the connection voluntarily.
l SFTP client
SFTP allows you to log in to a device from the remote end to manage files. This improves
the security of data transfer when the remote system is updated. Meanwhile, the client
function enables you to log in to the remote device using SFTP for secure file transfer.
When the SFTP server or the connection between it and the client is faulty, the client must
detect the fault in time and releases the connection voluntarily. This requires that the client
be configured with the interval at which keepalive packets are sent and the maximum
number of times that the server does not respond when it logs in to the server through
Stelnet. If the client does not receive any response within specified period, the client sends
a keepalive packet to the server. If the number of times that the server does not respond
exceeds the specified limit, the client releases the connection voluntarily.
8.2 Configuring Telnet Terminal Services

This section explains how to log in to a ATN equipment by means of Telnet and configure the
ATN equipment.

Before configuring Telnet terminal services, familiarize yourself with the applicable
To remotely log in to the ATN equipment through the Telnet protocol for maintenance and
management, you need to configure Telnet terminal services.
Before configuring Telnet terminal services, complete the following tasks:
l Ensuring that the ATN equipment runs normally
l Ensuring that the IP addresses of interfaces on the ATN equipment are configured correctly
l Configuring the user account, correct login authentication mode, and call-in and call-out
restriction
l Ensuring that reachable routes exist between the terminal and the ATN equipment
Data Preparation
To configure Telnet terminal services, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 IP address of the ATN equipment

No. Data
2 Name of the VPN instance
3 IPv4 address or host name of the remote ATN equipment
4 Number of the TCP port that is used by the remote ATN equipment to provide Telnet
services
5 (Optional) Timeout period after which the server terminates the connection with the
user interface
6 (Optional) Source IP address or source interface of the device functioning as an Telnet

client
8.2.2 Enabling the Telnet Service

Before establishing a Telnet connection with the server, you need to enable the Telnet service.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as an Telnet server.
Select and perform one of the following two steps for IPv4.
NOTE
Currently, the ATN equipment only supprots IPv4.
Procedure
l For the IPv4 network
1. Run:
system-view

2. Run:
telnet server enable
The Telnet service is enabled.
NOTE
l By default, the function of the Telnet server is enabled.

l If the undo telnet server enable command is run when Telnet login is in progress, the
command does not take effect.
l After the Telnet server function is disabled, you can log in to the device only through SSH
or an asynchronous serial interface rather than through Telnet.
----End

8.2.3 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for an Telnet

Client
You can configure a source IP address for an Telnet client. Then, you can set up an Telnet
connection from the Telnet client to the server through a specific route by using this source IP
address.
Context
Do as follows on a ATN equipment that functions as an Telnet client.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
telnet client-source { -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number }
A source IP address of an Telnet client is configured.
After the configuration, the source IP address of the Telnet client displayed on the Telnet server
must be the same as the configured one.
----End
8.2.4 Establishing a Telnet Connection

You can log in to and manage a ATN equipment through Telnet.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as a Telnet client:
NOTE
Procedure
l Run:
telnet [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] [-a source-ip-address ] host-name
[ port-number ]
Log in to the ATN equipment and manage other ATN equipments.
----End
8.2.5 (Optional) Configuring a Telnet Server Port Number

A user can configure or change the Telnet server port number. After the port number is changed,
only the user knows the port number, improving security.

Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that functions as a Telnet server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
telnet server port port-number
A Telnet server port number is set.
If a new port number is set, the Telnet server terminates all established Telnet connections, and
then uses the new port number to listen to new requests for Telnet connections. By default, the
Telnet server port number is 23.
----End
8.2.6 (Optional) Scheduled Telnet Disconnection

You can set the idle-timeout period for Telnet connections. In this manner, if the Telnet
connections keep idle during the specified period, the system automatically terminates the Telnet
connections.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as a Telnet client:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
Step 3 Run:
The scheduled Telnet disconnection is enabled.
----End

After configuring Telnet terminal services, you can view the connection status of the current
user interface, connection status of each user interface, and status of all established TCP
connections.

Prerequisites
The configuration of Telnet Terminal Services are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display users command to check information about connected users.
l Run the display users all command to check information about all users, including
connected and disconnected users.
l Run the display tcp status command to check TCP connections.
l Run the display telnet server status command to check the configuration and status of the
Telnet server.
----End
8.3 Configuring SSH Users

SSH users must be configured to ensure that STelnet or SFTP clients are able to log in to SSH
servers.

Before configuring SSH users, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete
the pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the
The STelnet or SFTP client can log in to the SSH server to perform operations only after SSH
users are correctly configured on the SSH server.
Before configuring SSH users, complete the following tasks:
l Creating a local user

l Configuring an RSA public key for the SSH client on the SSH server
Data Preparation
To configure SSH users, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Name and password of SSH users
2 Authentication mode of SSH users
3 Service type of SSH users
4 Name of the peer RSA public key assigned to SSH users

No. Data
5 Operating directory of the SFTP service for SSH users
8.3.2 Creating SSH User

AAA does not support RSA authentication. Therefore, when RSA authentication or password-
rsa authentication is adopted, you need to create an SSH user. When password authentication is
adopted, you need to create a local user with the same name in the AAA view.
Context
NOTE
Besides creating an SSH user separately, you can also create an SSH user when you configure the following.
l Configuring the Authentication Mode for SSH Users
l Configuring the Service Type of SSH Users
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as an SSH server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
ssh user user-name
If you want to create an SSH user in the password authentication mode, you need to create a
local user with the same name in the AAA view.
1. Run:
aaa

2. Run:
----End
8.3.3 Configuring SSH for the VTY User Interface

You can configure SSH for the VTY user interface.
Context

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
user-interface [ vty ] first-ui-number [ last-ui-number ]
The VTY user interface is displayed.

Step 3 Run:
The AAA authentication mode is configured.

Step 4 Run:
protocol inbound ssh
The VTY is configured to support SSH.
NOTE
The authentication mode of the VTY user interface must be set to AAA. Otherwise, the protocol
inbound ssh command cannot be configured successfully.
----End
8.3.4 Generating a Local RSA Key Pair

You need to create an RSA key before configuring SSH.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipments that serve as a client or a server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
rsa local-key-pair create
A local RSA key pair is generated.
NOTE
To log in to an SSH server, the local RSA key pair must be configured and generated first. Before performing
the other SSH configurations, you must configure the rsa local-key-pair create command to generate a
local key pair.
----End
8.3.5 Configuring the Authentication Mode for SSH Users

You can configure the password or RSA authentication mode for SSH users.

Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh user user-name authentication-type { password | rsa | password-rsa | all }
The authentication mode for SSH users is configured.

Perform the following as required:
l Authenticate the SSH user through the password.
Run:
ssh user user-name authentication-type password
The password authentication is configured for the SSH user.

Run:
ssh authentication-type default password
The default password authentication is configured for the SSH user.

For the local authentication or HWTACACS authentication, if the number of SSH users
is small, you can adopt the former command; if the number of SSH users is large, adoptthe
later command to simplify the configuration.
l Authenticate the SSH user through RSA.
1. Run:
ssh user user-name authentication-type rsa
The RSA authentication is configured for the SSH user.

2. Run:
rsa peer-public-key key-name
The public key view is displayed.

3. Run:
public-key-code begin
The public key editing view is displayed.

4. Run:
hex-data
The public key is edited.

The public key must be a string of hexadecimal alphanumeric characters. It is automatically
generated by an SSH client. You can run the display rsa local-key-pair public command
to view a generated public key.
5. Run:
public-key-code end
Quit the public key editing view.

If the specified hex-data is invalid, the public key cannot be generated after the peer-public-
key end command is run; If the specified key-name is deleted in other views, the system
prompts that the key does not exist after the peer-public-key end command is run and the
system view is displayed.
6. Run:
peer-public-key end
Return to the system view from the public key view.

7. Run:
ssh user user-name assign rsa-key key-name
The public key is assigned to the SSH user.

NOTE
l After the public key editing view is displayed, the RSA public key generated on the client can be sent
to the server. Copy the RSA public key to the ATN equipment that serves as the SSH server.
l Before the peer RSA public key is assigned to the SSH users, the SSH server must be configured and
the peer RSA public key must be the RSA public key of the SSH client.
----End
8.3.6 (Optional) Configuring the Basic Authentication Information

for SSH Users
You can configure the interval for updating the server key pair, timeout period of the SSH
authentication, and retry times of the SSH authentication.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh server rekey-interval interval
The interval for updating the server key pair is configured.

By default, the interval for updating the key pair of the SSH server is 0 that indicates no updating.
Step 3 Run:
ssh server timeout seconds
The timeout period of the SSH authentication is set.

By default, the timeout period is 60 seconds.
Step 4 Run:
ssh server authentication-retries times
The number of retry times of the SSH authentication is set.

By default, the retry times is 3.
----End
8.3.7 (Optional) Authorizing SSH Users Through the Command

Line
If RSA authentication is adopted, you need to configure command line authorization for SSH
users.
Context
NOTE
There are four authentication modes for an SSH user, namely, password, rsa, password-rsa, and all. For
details of the configuration of the command line authorization for password authentication, refer to the
chapter "AAA and User Management" in the ATN 910 Configuration Guide - Security. This section
describes how to configure the command line authorization for RSA authentication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
ssh user user-name authorization-cmd aaa
The command line authorization is configured for the specified SSH user.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
After configuring the authorization through command lines for the SSH user to perform RSA
authentication, you have to configure the AAA authorization. Otherwise, the command line
authorization for the SSH user does not take effect.
8.3.8 Configuring the Service Type of SSH Users

You can set the service type of SSH users to SFTP, STelnet, or all.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that functions as an SSH server:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh user username service-type { sftp | stelnet | all }
The service type for the SSH user is configured.

By default, the service type of the SSH user is not configured.
----End
8.3.9 (Optional) Configuring the Authorized Directory of the SFTP

Service for SSH Users
You can configure a directory as an authorized directory to allow SSH users to use SFTP services.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh user username sftp-directory directoryname
The authorized directory of the SFTP service for SSH users is configured.
By default, the authorized directory of the SFTP service for SSH users is cfcard:.
----End

After configuring SSH users, you can view SSH user information.
Prerequisites
The configuration of SSH Users are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display ssh user-information command to check the information about the SSH
client on the SSH server.
l Run the display ssh user-information username command to check the information about
the specified SSH client on the SSH server.
----End
8.4 Configuring the SSH Server Function

This section describes how to configure the SSH server. STelnet or SFTP must first be enabled
on the SSH server.


Before configuring the SSH server, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
Before configuring the SSH server, you must enable STelnet or SFTP on the SSH server. You
can change the number of the port monitored by the SSH server to other port numbers. This can
prevent attackers from accessing standard ports of the SSH server and thus save bandwidth and
system resources.
Before configuring the SSH server, complete the following tasks:
l Connecting the SSH client to the SSH server correctly
l Ensuring that the SSH client and the SSH server are routable
l Configuring the VTY interface on the SSH server to support SSH
l Configuring the SSH client on the SSH server
l Creating the local RSA key pair on the SSH server
Data Preparation
To configure the SSH server, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Number of the port monitored by the SSH server
8.4.2 Enabling the STelnet Service

Before enjoying the STelnet service, you need to enable it.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
stelnet server enable
The STelnet service is enabled.

By default, STelnet services are disabled.
----End
8.4.3 Enabling the SFTP Service

Before enjoying the STelnet service, you need to enable it.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
sftp server enable
The SFTP service is enabled.
By default, the SFTP service is disabled.
----End
8.4.4 (Optional) Enabling the Earlier Version - Compatible Function

You can configure whether SSH of earlier versions are compatible.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
ssh server compatible-ssh1x enable
The earlier version-compatible function is enabled.
By default, the server configured with the SSH2.0 protocol is compatible with the server
configured with SSH1.X. If the client of SSH1.3 to SSH1.99 (protocol version ranges from 1.3
to 1.99) is denied access to log in, you can run the undo ssh server compatible-ssh1x enable
command to disable the ATN equipment to be compatible with the earlier protocol version.

NOTE
l Compared with SSH1.X, SSH2.0 is extended in structure to more authentication modes and key
exchange modes with higher service capability, such as SFTP.
l The ATN 910 supports the SSH protocol of version 1.3 to version 2.0.
----End
8.4.5 (Optional) Configuring the Number of the Port Monitored by

the SSH Server
You can configure or change the monitoring port number of the SSH server. After the port
number is changed, only the user knows the current port number, which guarantees the security.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh server port port-number
The number of the port monitored by the SSH server is configured.

If a new number of a monitored port is configured, the SSH server interrupts all the STelnet and
SFTP connections and monitors the port of the new number. By default, the number of the port
monitored by the SSH server is 22.
----End
8.4.6 (Optional) Configuring the Interval for Updating the Key Pair
on the SSH Server
You can configure the interval for updating the key pair of the SSH server, which can guarantee
the security.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh server rekey-interval interval

The interval for updating the key pair is set.
By default, the interval for updating the key pair of the SSH server is 0, which means that the
key pair is never updated.
----End

After configuring the SSH server, you can view the global configuration of the SSH server.
Prerequisites
The configurations of the SSH server are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display ssh server status command to view the global configuration of the SSH server.
----End
8.5 Configuring the STelnet Client Function

This section describes how to configure the STelnet client. A secure connection between the
client and server can be established through negotiation, and the client will be able to log in to
the server similarly to using Telnet services.

Before configuring an STelnet client, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
STelnet is a secure Telnet protocol. The SSH user can use the STelnet service in the same manner
as using the Telnet service.
Before connecting the STelnet client to the SSH server, complete the following tasks:
l Generating the local RSA key pair on the SSH server

l Configuring the STelnet user on the SSH server
l Enabling the STelnet service on the SSH server
Data Preparation
To connect the STelnet client to the SSH server, you need the following data:

No. Data
1 Name of the SSH server
3 Preferred encrypted algorithm from the STelnet client to the SSH server
4 Preferred encrypted algorithm from the SSH server to the STelnet client
5 Preferred HMAC algorithm from the STelnet client to the SSH server
6 Preferred HMAC algorithm from the SSH server to the STelnet client
7 Preferred algorithm of key exchange
8 Name of the outgoing interface
9 Source address
8.5.2 Enabling the First-Time Authentication on the SSH Client

After the first-time authentication on the SSH client is enabled, the STelnet client does not check
the validity of the RSA public key when logging in to the SSH server for the first time.
Context
If the first-time authentication on the SSH client is enabled, the STelnet client does not check
the validity of the RSA public key when logging in to the SSH server for the first time. After
the login, the system automatically allocates the RSA public key and saves it for authentication
in next login.
To simplify user operations, you are recommended to enable the first-time authentication on the
SSH client.
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as an SSH client:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh client first-time enable
The first-time authentication on the SSH client is enabled.

By default, the first-time authentication on the SSH client is disabled.

NOTE
l The purpose of enabling the first-time authentication on the SSH client is to skip checking the validity
of the RSA public key of the SSH server when the STelnet client logs in to the SSH server for the first
time. The check is skipped because the STelnet server has not saved the RSA public key of the SSH
server.
l If the first-time authentication is not enabled on the SSH client, when the STelnet client logs in to the
SSH server for the first time, the STelnet client fails to pass the check on the RSA public key validity
and cannot log in to the server.
TIP
To ensure that the STelnet client can log in to the SSH server at the first attempt, you can assign the RSA
public key in advance to the SSH server on the SSH client in addition to enabling the first-time
authentication on the SSH client.
----End
8.5.3 (Optional) Assigning an RSA Public Key to the SSH Server

You can assign an RSA public key to the SSH server.
Context
If the first-time authentication on the SSH client is disabled, you need to allocate an RSA public
key to the SSH server before the STelnet client logs in to the SSH server.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:

Step 3 Run:

Step 4 Run:
hex-data

generated by an SSH client. You can run the display rsa local-key-pair public command to
view a generated public key.
Step 5 Run:
public-key-code end

key end command is run; If the specified key-name is deleted in other views, the system prompts

that the key does not exist after the peer-public-key end command is run and the system view
is displayed.
Step 6 Run:
peer-public-key end
Step 7 Run:
ssh client servername assign rsa-key keyname
The RSA public key is assigned to the SSH server.
NOTE
l Before being assigned to the SSH server, the assigned peer RSA public key must be obtained from the
SSH server and must be configured on the SSH client. Then, the STelnet client client can successfully
undergo the validity check on the RSA public key of the SSH server.
l If the RSA public key stored on the SSH client becomes invalid, run the undo ssh client servername
assign rsa-key command to cancel the association between the SSH client and the SSH server. Then,
run the ssh client servername assign rsa-key keyname command to allocate a new RSA public key to
the SSH server.
----End
8.5.4 Enabling the STelnet Client

You can log in to the SSH server from the SSH client through STelnet.
Context
NOTE
When accessing an SSH server, the STelnet client can carry the source address and the VPN instance name
and choose the key exchange algorithm, encryption algorithm, or HMAC algorithm, and configure the
keepalive function..
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 According to the address type of the SSH server, run the following commands.
l For IPv4 addresses,
Run the stelnet [ -a source-address ] host-ipv4 [ port ] [ [ -vpn-instance vpn-instance-
name ] | [ prefer_kex { dh_group1 | dh_exchange_group } ] | [ prefer_ctos_cipher
{ des | 3des | aes128 } ] | [ prefer_stoc_cipher { des | 3des | aes128 } ] |
[ prefer_ctos_hmac { sha1 | sha1_96 | md5 | md5_96 } ] | [ prefer_stoc_hmac { sha1 |
sha1_96 | md5 | md5_96 } ] ] * [ -ki aliveinterval [ -kc alivecountmax ] ] command. You
can log in to the SSH server through STelnet.
----End


After configuring the STelnet client, you can view the global configuration of the SSH server.
Prerequisites
The configuration of the STelnet Client Function are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display ssh server-info command to check the mapping between the RSA public
key and the SSH client on the SSH client.
l Run the display ssh server session command to check the session of the SSH client on the
SSH server.
----End
8.6 Configuring the SFTP Client Function

This section explains how to configure the SFTP client. The authentication and bidirectional
data encryption of the SFTP client can be manually configured, which will ensure secure file
transmission on the network.

Before configuring the SFTP client, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
SFTP enables users to log in to the device from a secure remote end to manage files. This
improves the security of data transmission for the remote end to update its system. The SFTP
client function also enables you to log in to the remote device through SFTP for the secure file
transmission.
Before connecting the SFTP client to the SSH server, complete the following tasks:
l Creating a local RSA key pair on an SSH server

l Configuring an SFTP client on the SSH server
l Enabling the SFTP service on the SSH server
Data Preparation
To connect an SFTP client to an SSH server, you need the following data.
No. Data
1 Name of the SSH server

No. Data
3 Preferred encrypted algorithm from the SFTP client to the SSH server
4 Preferred encrypted algorithm from the SFTP server to the SSH client
5 Preferred HMAC algorithm from the SFTP client to the SSH server
6 Preferred HMAC algorithm from the SFTP server to the SSH client
7 Preferred algorithm of key exchange
8 Name of the outgoing interface
9 Source address
10 Directory name
11 File name
8.6.2 (Optional) Configuring a Source IP Address for an SFTP Client

You can configure a source IP address for an SFTP client. Then, you can set up an SFTP
connection from the SFTP client to the server through a specific route by using this source IP
address.
Context
Do as follows on a ATN equipment that functions as an SFTP client.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
sftp client-source { -a source-ip-address | -i interface-type interface-number }
A source IP address is configured for an SFTP client.
----End
8.6.3 Configuring the First-Time Authentication on the SSH Client

After the first-time authentication on the SSH client is enabled, the STelnet client does not check
the validity of the RSA public key when logging in to the SSH server for the first time.
Context
If the first-time authentication on the SSH client is enabled, the STelnet client does not check
the validity of the RSA public key when logging in to the SSH server for the first time. After

the login, the system automatically allocates the RSA public key and saves it for authentication
in next login.
To simplify user operations, you are recommended to enable the first-time authentication on the
SSH client.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:
ssh client first-time enable
Enable the SSH client with the first authentication.

By default, first-time authentication is disabled on SSH clients.
NOTE
l The purpose of enabling the first-time authentication on the SSH client is to skip checking the validity
of the RSA public key of the SSH server when the SFTP client logs in to the SSH server for the first
time. The check is skipped because the SFTP server has not saved the RSA public key of the SSH
server.
l If the first-time authentication is not enabled on the SSH client, when the SFTP client logs in to the
SSH server for the first time, the SFTP client fails to pass the check on the RSA public key validity
and cannot log in to the server.
TIP
Except for enabling the first-time authentication on the SSH client, the SFTP client can assign the RSA
public key in advance to the SSH server on the SSH client to log in to the server successfully for the first
time.
----End
8.6.4 (Optional) Assigning an RSA Public Key to the SSH Server

You can assign an RSA public key on the SSH client to the SSH server.
Context
If the first-time authentication on the SSH client is disabled, you need to assign an RSA public
key to the SSH server before the STelnet client logs in to the SSH server.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

Step 2 Run:


Step 3 Run:

Step 4 Run:
hex-data

generated by an SSH client. You can run the display rsa local-key-pair public command to
view a generated public key.
Step 5 Run:
public-key-code end

key end command is run; If the specified key-name is deleted in other views, the system prompts
that the key does not exist after the peer-public-key end command is run and the system view
is displayed.
Step 6 Run:
peer-public-key end

Step 7 Run:
ssh client servername assign rsa-key keyname
Assign a public key to the SSH server.
NOTE
l Before being assigned to the SSH server, the assigned peer RSA public key must be obtained from the
SSH server and must be configured on the SSH client. Then, the SFTP client can successfully undergo
the validity check on the RSA public key of the SSH server.
l If the RSA public key stored on the SSH client becomes invalid, run the undo ssh client servername
assign rsa-key command to cancel the association between the SSH client and the SSH server. Then,
run the ssh client servername assign rsa-key keyname command to allocate a new RSA public key to
the SSH server.
----End
8.6.5 Enabling the SFTP Client

You can log in to the SSH server from the SSH client through SFTP.
Context
NOTE
The command of enabling the SFTP client is similar to that of the STelnet. When accessing the SSH server,
the SFTP can carry the source address and the name of the VPN instance and choose the key exchange
algorithm, encrypted algorithm and HMAC algorithm, and configure the keepalive function.
Do as follows on the ATN equipment that serves as an SSH client.

Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
l For IPv4 addresses, Run:
sftp [ -a source-address | -i interface-type interface-number ] host-ipv4
[ port ] [ [ public-net | -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] | [ prefer_kex
{ dh_group1 | dh_exchange_group } ] | [ prefer_ctos_cipher { des | 3des |
aes128 } ] | [ prefer_stoc_cipher { des | 3des | aes128 } ] |
[ prefer_ctos_hmac { sha1 | sha1_96 | md5 | md5_96 } ] | [ prefer_stoc_hmac
{ sha1 | sha1_96 | md5 | md5_96 } ] ] * [ -ki aliveinterval [ -kc
alivecountmax ] ]
You can log in to the SSH server through SFTP.
----End
8.6.6 (Optional) Managing the Directory

On the SFTP client, you can log in to the SSH server to create or delete directories on the SSH
server.
Context
NOTE
After the SFTP client logs in to the SSH server, the SFTP client can create or delete the directory on the
SSH server, display the current operating directory and information about a specified directory and its files.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
alivecountmax ] ]
Step 3 Perform the following as required:

l Run:
cd [ remote-directory ]
The current operating directory of users is changed.

l Run:
cdup
The operating directory of users is switched to the upper-level directory.

l Run:
pwd
The current operating directory of users is displayed.

l Run:
dir / ls [ remote-directory ]
The file list in the specified directory is displayed.

l Run:
rmdir remote-directory & <1-10>
l The directory on the server is deleted.

l Run:
mkdir remote-directory
A directory is created on the server.
----End
8.6.7 (Optional) Managing the File

On the SFTP client, you can view specified remote directories or files on the SFTP server or
delete specified files on the SFTP server.
Context
NOTE
After the SFTP client logs in to the SSH server, SFTP client can change file names, delete files, display
the file list, upload and download files on the SFTP server.
Do as follows on the login ATN equipment.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view

alivecountmax ] ]

Step 3 Run the command.
l Run:
rename old-name new-name

The name of the specified file on the server is changed.

l Run:
get remote-filename [local-filename]
The file on the remote server is downloaded.

l Run:
put local-filename [remote-filename]
The local file is uploaded to the remote server.

l Run:
remove remote-filename
The file on the server is removed.
----End
8.6.8 (Optional) Displaying the SFTP Client Command Help

You can view the SFTP client command help.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
alivecountmax ] ]
Step 3 Run:
help [all | command-name ]
The SFTP client command help is displayed.
----End

After configuring the SFTP client, you can view the global configuration of the SSH server.
Prerequisites
The configuration of the SFTP Client Function are complete.

Procedure
l Run the display sftp-client command to check the source IP address of the SFTP client on
the SSH client.
l Run the display ssh server-info command to check the mapping between the SSH server
and the RSA public key on the SSH client.
l Run the display ssh server session command to check the session of the SSH client on the
SSH server.
----End

This section provides configuration examples for Telnet and SSH along with a configuration
flowchart. The configuration examples explain networking requirements, configuration notes,
and configuration roadmap.
8.7.1 Example for Configuring Telnet Services

In this example, the authentication mode and password are configured for users to log in through
Telnet.
On the network shown in Figure 8-6, CX deviceand ATN can ping each other successfully. A
user logs in to ATN from CX device through Telnet.
Figure 8-6 Networking diagram for configuring Telnet services

GE1/0/0 GE0/3/0
1.1.1.1/24 1.1.1.2/24
CX600 ATN
1. On ATN, configure the authentication mode and password for VTY0 to VTY4.
2. Configure users to use passwords to log in to ATNfrom CX devicethrough Telnet.
Data Preparation
l Host address of ATN

l Authentication mode and password

Procedure
Step 1 Configure IP addresses.
# Configure CX600.
<CX600> system-view
[CX600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0
[CX600-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] undo shutdown
[CX600-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[CX600-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] quit
[CX600] quit
# Configure ATN.
[HUAWEI] sysname ATN
[ATN] interface gigabitethernet 0/3/0
[ATN-GigabitEthernet0/3/0] undo shutdown
[ATN-GigabitEthernet0/3/0] ip address 1.1.1.2 24
[ATN-GigabitEthernet0/3/0] quit
Step 2 Configure the authentication mode and password for Telnet services on ATN .
[ATN-ui-vty0-4] authentication-mode password
[ATN-ui-vty0-4] set authentication password simple hello
[ATN-ui-vty0-4] quit
To configure an ACL for Telnet services, run the following commands on ATN .
[ATN] acl 2000
[ATN-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source 1.1.1.1 0
[ATN-acl-basic-2000] quit
[ATN-ui-vty0-4] acl 2000 inbound
NOTE
It is optional to configure an ACL for Telnet services.
Step 3 Log in to ATN from CX device through Telnet.

<CX600> telnet 1.1.1.2
Trying 1.1.1.2 ...
Connected to 1.1.1.2 ...
Login authentication
Password:
----End
Configuration Files
l Configuration file of CX600
The configuration file of CX600 is not provided.
l Configuration file of ATN
#
sysname ATN
#
acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 1.1.1.1 0
#
interface GigabitEthernet 0/3/0
undo shutdown
ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
acl 2000 inbound
set authentication password simple hello
#
return

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 9 Device Maintenance
9 Device Maintenance
About This Chapter
With routine device maintenance, you can detect potential operation threats on devices and then
eradicate the potential threats in time to ensure that the system runs securely, stably, and reliably.
9.1 Introduction of Device Maintenance

Device maintenance involves replacing boards and monitoring the internal environment.
9.2 Monitoring the Device Status
Monitoring the device status facilitates fault location and cause analysis.
9.3 Board Maintence
Board Maintenance involves resetting a board and clearing the maximum CPU usage.

9.1 Introduction of Device Maintenance

9.1.1 Overview of Device Maintenance

Concept
The stable running of a ATN equipmentdepends on the mature network planning and the routine
maintenance. In addition, fast location of the hidden hazards is necessary.
The maintenance personnel must check the alarm information in time and deal with the fault
properly to keep the device in normal operation and reduce the failure rate. Thus, the system
runs in a safe, stable, and reliable environment.
Maintenance Operation
Maintenance such as board replacement and internal environment check ensures the normal
operation of the ATN equipment.
9.1.2 Maintenance Features Supported by the ATN 910

The ATN 910 allows the operation status to be monitored.
Monitoring
In routine maintenance of the device, you can run the display commands to view the working
status of the ATN equipment. This can help the maintenance personnel fast locate the fault during
the troubleshooting procedure.
9.2 Monitoring the Device Status

Monitoring the device status facilitates fault location and cause analysis.
9.2.1 Displaying the System Version Information

The system version information includes the system software version and various hardware
versions.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display version
The system version information is displayed.
In practice, using this command in any view, you can view the system version information. The
main information is as follows:

l System software version

l Hardware and software version of the MPUs
l Hardware and software version
.
l Hardware and software version of the Fan
.
----End
9.2.2 Displaying Basic Information About the Router

The basic information includes detailed information about the system-control board, physical
interface card, clock board, power supply, and fan module.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display device [ pic-status | slot-id]
Basic information about the ATN equipment is displayed.
In practice, using this command in any view, you can view the basic device information. Enter
slot-id to view information about the board in the specified slot.
l Choose a board in a certain slot. You can view basic information about this board.
l Run:
display device pic-status
Basic information about the PIC card is displayed.
----End
9.2.3 Displaying the Electronic Label

The electronic label information includes the type of the board/card, bar code, BOM code,
English description, production date, supplier name, issuing number, Common Language
Equipment Identification (CLEI) code, and sales BOM code.
Procedure
l Run:
display elabel [ backplane | slot-id ]
The electronic label is displayed.
In practice, using this command in the user view, you can view information about the
electronic label of the boards. Enter slot-id to view information about the electronic label
of the board in the specified slot.
NOTE
For the range of numbers of the slots on the ATN equipment, refer to the ATN 910Multi-service
Access Equipment Hardware Description.

Information displayed includes the type of the board and PIC card, bar code, BOM, English
description, production date, supplier name, issuing number, CLEI (Common Language
Equipment Identification) code, and sales BOM.
NOTE
You can back up the electronic label of the specified board in the following methods:
l Run the backup elabel filename [ backplane | slot-id ] command to back up the electronic label
to the CF card on the ATN equipment.
l Run the backup elabel ftp host filename username password [ backplane | slot-id ] command
to back up the electronic label to the specified FTP server.
----End
9.2.4 Displaying the Threshold of the Memory Usage

By specifying the slot ID, you can check the memory usage of the system control board.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display memory-usage
The threshold of the memory usage of the main system control board is displayed.
NOTE
To set the threshold of the memory usage in the main system control board , you can run the set memory-
usage threshold thresholdcommand.
----End
9.2.5 Displaying the Threshold of CPU Usage

By specifying the slot ID, you can check the CPU usage of the MPU.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display cpu-usage [ task-name ] [ congfiguration ]
NOTE
To set the threshold of the CPU usage on the main MPU, you can run the set cpu-usage threshold threshold-
value command, and run thedisplay cpu-usage configuration command can display the current
configuration of the CPU usage.
----End
9.2.6 Displaying Alarm Information

The alarm information includes the alarm level, alarm date and time, and alarm description.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display alarm { slot-id | all }
Information about the alarm is displayed.

In the operation, using this command in any view, you can view current information about the
alarm of the ATN equipment. Alarm information includes the following:
l Alarm level
l Alarm date and time
l Alarm description
NOTE
After displaying the alarm of the ATN equipment, you can run the clear alarm index index-id { send-
trap | no-trap } command to clear the alarm at the specified index-id.
----End
9.2.7 Displaying the Board Temperature

The temperature information includes the temperature status of each board, temperature alarm
thresholds of a board, and actual temperature of a board.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display temperature slot slot-id
The temperature of the specified board is displayed.

In practice, using this command in any view, you can view the current temperature of the ATN
equipment.The temperature information includes the following:
l Current temperature status of the board
l Threshold to the alarm temperature of the board
l Actual temperature of the board
----End
9.2.8 Displaying the Board Voltage

The voltage information includes the number of voltage sensors on each board, working voltage
sensor of each board, working status of the voltage sensor on each board, and voltage alarm
thresholds of each board.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display voltage slot slot-id
The board voltage is displayed.

In practice, using this command in any view, you can view the voltage of all the boards. The
voltage information includes the following:
l Number of the voltage sensors
l Working voltage sensors
l Working status of the voltage sensors
l Alarm field value of the voltage

l Actual board voltage
----End
9.2.9 Displaying the Power Supply Status

The power supply information includes the slot ID of the power supply module, whether the
power supply module is registered, working mode of the power supply module, and cable status
of the power supply module.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display power
The power supply status is displayed.
In practice, using this command in any view, you can view the power supply status. The displayed
information includes the following:
l Slot number of the power supply module

l Presence status of the power supply module
l Operation mode of the power supply module
l Cable status of the power supply module
----End
9.2.10 Displaying the Sequence Number of the MPU

Each MPU has a globally unique equipment serial number (ESN).
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display esn
The sequence number of the MPU is displayed. In the operation, using this command in any
view, you can view the sequence number of the MPU on the ATN equipment.
----End
9.3 Board Maintence

Board Maintenance involves resetting a board and clearing the maximum CPU usage.
9.3.1 Resetting a Board

You need to back up important data before resetting a board.
Context
In the case that a board is faulty, you can use the reset slot command to reset the board.

WARNING
Back up important data before resetting the board.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
reset slot slot-id
The board is reset.
NOTE
l If this command is run to reset a master MPU and no slave MPU exists, the master MPU is reset with
the CPU being powered on. If a slave MPU exists, this command performs master/slave MPU
switchover.
l If the board is still abnormal after being reset, contact the Huawei technical support personnel.
----End

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations 10 Patch Management
10 Patch Management
About This Chapter
Patch management includes checking the running patch, loading patch files, and installing
patches.
10.1 Introduction of Patch Management
This section describes the basics of the patch.
10.2 Checking the Running of Patch in the System
The system allows only one patch to run. Therefore, confirm that no patch is running before
loading a new patch.
10.3 Loading a Patch
Patches can be loaded through FTP or TFTP.
10.4 Installing a Patch
To repair the system that has vulnerabilities or defects, you can install a patch on the system.
By installing a patch, you can upgrade the system without upgrading the system software.
10.5 (Optional) Unactivating the activating of Patch
If an installed patch does not take effect, you need to deactivate the patch.
10.6 Configuration Examples of the Patch Management
This section describes some Configuration Examples.

10.1 Introduction of Patch Management

This section describes the basics of the patch.
10.1.1 Overview of Patch Management

You can install patches to improve system functions.
Patch Overview
During the operation of the device, you need to revise the system software sometimes such as
remove the system defects or add new functions for service requirements. We used to upgrade
the software after shutting down the system. This static upgrade affects the service on the device
and does not improve the communication. If we load a patch to the system software, we can
upgrade it online without interrupting the operation of the device. This dynamic upgrade does
not affect the service and can improve the communication.
Patch Area
In the memory of the Main Processing Unit (MPU), a certain space is reserved to save the patch.
This space is called patch area.
To install the patch, save the patch to the patch area in advance in the memory of the board.
The patch saved in the patch area is numbered uniquely. Up to 2000 patches can be saved to the
patch area in the memory of the MPU .
Patch States
Patch status can be idle, deactive, active, and running. For details, seeTable 10-1,
Table 10-1 Patch states

State Description States Conversion
No patch The patch file is saved to the CF When the patch is loaded to the patch
(idle) card but not loaded to the patch area, the patch status is set to deactive.
area in the memory.
deactive The patch is loaded to the patch The patch in the deactive state can be as
area but disabled. follows:
l Uninstalled, that is, deleted from the
patch area.
l Enabled temporarily and turns to the
active state.

State Description States Conversion
active The patch is loaded to the patch The patch in the active state can be as
area and enabled temporarily. follows:
If the board is reset, the active l Uninstalled, that is, deleted from the
patch on that board turns to the patch area.
deactive state. l Enabled temporarily and turned into
the active state.
l Enabled permanently, and turns to
the running state.
running The patch is loaded to the patch The patch in the running state can be
area and enabled permanently. uninstalled and deleted from the patch
If the board is reset, the patch on area.
the board keeps in the running
state.
Figure 10-1shows the conversion between patch states.
Figure 10-1 Conversion between the statuses of a patch
Load patch
No patch Deactivated
Delete patch
Delete patch Deactive patch Active patch
Delete patch
Run patch
Running Activated
10.1.2 Patches Supported by the ATN 910

The ATN 910 allows patches to be loaded to the system or a certain board.

Patch Functions
Installing patches can improve system functions or fix bugs. By installing a patch, you can
upgrade the system without upgrading the system software.
Logic Relationships Between Configuration Tasks

Figure 10-2Shows the logic relationships between the configuration tasks.
Figure 10-2 Logical relationships between configuration tasks

Resort to
Run VRP technical
support for
new patch
No Enable patch No
Normally run Bug removed Disable patch
temporarily
Yes Yes
End Unload patch
10.2 Checking the Running of Patch in the System

The system allows only one patch to run. Therefore, confirm that no patch is running before

Before checking the running patch, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
At a certain time, the system allows the running of only one patch. Therefore, you need to confirm
no patch is running in the current system before installing a patch. If a patch runs, delete the
patch before installing the new patch.
Before checking the running of patch in the system, complete the following tasks:

l Ensuring that the ATN equipment is started normally after power-on

l Ensuring that the ATN equipment can be logged in to
Data Preparation
None
10.2.2 Checking the Running of Patch in the System

By running the display patch-information command, you can view information about the
running patch units, activated patch units, and deactivated patch units.
Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment to be upgraded:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
display patch-information
All the information about the current patch is displayed, including information about the patch
units that are running, the patch units that are activated, and the patch units that are deactivated.
----End
Example
<PE> display patch-information
Info: No patch exists.
This indicates that no patch runs in the current system.
NOTE
If there are patches running, you must delete them before loading new patches.
10.2.3 (Optional) Deleting a Patch

The system allows only one patch to run. If there is a running patch, you need to delete it before
Context
Before installing a patch, you need to delete the running patch.
Do as follows on the ATN equipment to be upgraded.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:patch delete all
The running patch is deleted.
----End

10.3 Loading a Patch

Patches can be loaded through FTP or TFTP.

Before loading a patch, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete the pre-
configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the configuration
task quickly and accurately.
Before a patch is installed, it should be uploaded to the root directory of the CF card of the master
MPUs.
The three methods to upload a patch are FTP,.
Before loading a patch, complete the following tasks:
l Ensuring that the ATN equipment is started normally after power-on
l Ensuring that the ATN equipment can be logged in to
Data Preparation
Before running a patch, you need to obtain a patch that is consistent with the board.
No. Data
1 Uploading a Patch to the Root Directory of the CF Card of the Master MPU
2 Copying a Patch to the Root Directory of the CF Card of the Slave MPU
10.3.2 Loading a Patch

Upload a patch to the root directory of the CF card of the MPU.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Upload a patch to the root directory of the CF card of the MPU.
The ATN equipment supports the uploading of files through FTP, TFTP, for more
infirmation ,please see: "FTP, TFTP". Choose an uploading method based on the requirements.
Step 2 Run:
startup patch file-name

The patch package is specified for the MPU on the next startup.
----End

After a patch is loaded, you can check patch information.
Context
Run the following commands to check the previous configuration.
Procedure
l Run:
dir cfcard:/
Check the files on the MPU.

l Run:
display startup
Check the patch file used in the next system startup.
----End
10.4 Installing a Patch

To repair the system that has vulnerabilities or defects, you can install a patch on the system.
By installing a patch, you can upgrade the system without upgrading the system software.

Before installing a patch on the system, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment,
Installing patches can fix system vulnerabilities or correct system defects. By installing a patch,
you can upgrade the system without upgrading the system software.
When a patch is uploaded, the system checks that the patch version is the same as the system
version. If the two versions are not the same, the system prompts that the patch uploading fails.
Before installing a patch, upload the patch to the root directory of the CF card of the master.
Data Preparation
None

10.4.2 Loading a Patch

A patch can be successfully loaded only when the patch version matches the system software
version.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
patch load file-name all
The patch is loaded.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
When a patch is loaded, the system checks that the patch version is the same as the system
version. If the two versions are not the same, the system prompts that the patch loading fails.
When the patch is loaded successfully, it's status is Deactive and keeps Deactive after the board
is reset.
10.4.3 Activating a Patch

A patch can be activated only when it is correctly loaded and is in the deactivated state.
Context
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
patch active all
The patch is activated.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
A patch can be activated only when it is correctly loaded and is in the deactivated state. When
a patch is activated, it becomes valid immediately. After the board is reset, however, the status
of the patch becomes Deactive , and the patch does not remain valid.
10.4.4 Running a Patch

A patch can be run only after it is activated. Running a patch means that the patch is activated
permanently.

Context
Do as follows on the ATN equipment be upgraded:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
patch run all
The patch is run.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
A patch can be run only after it is activated. Running a patch means that the patch is activated
permanently and the patch remains valid after the board is reset. The status of the patch keeps
Running.

After a patch is installed on the system, you can check the patch status.
Procedure
l Run:
Check the patch state.
----End
10.5 (Optional) Unactivating the activating of Patch

If an installed patch does not take effect, you need to deactivate the patch.

Before deactivating a patch, familiarize yourself with the applicable environment, complete the
pre-configuration tasks, and obtain the required data. This can help you complete the
After a patch is activated, you need to judge that the patch has achieved the expected effect. If
the patch does not become valid, you need to activate the patch.
A patch can be deactivated only after it is activated.
None

Data Preparation
None
10.5.2 Deactivating a Patch

Deactivating a patch makes an active patch become inactive.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
patch deactive all
The patch is deactivated.

----End

After a patch is deactivated, you can run the display command to check the patch status.
Procedure
l Run:
Check the patch state.

----End
10.6 Configuration Examples of the Patch Management

This section describes some Configuration Examples.
10.6.1 Example for Installing a Patch

When the system has vulnerabilities or defects, you can install a patch to repair the system.
Figure 10-3shows that some urgent bug occurs in the system software at the Provider Edge (PE)
connected to the Internet. Huawei provides the patch file to remove the bug. The patch in this
patch file must be installed to remove the bug.
Figure 10-3 Networking diagram of installing a patch

FTP Server
GE0/3/0 10.1.1.2/24
10.1.1.1/24
MPLS Core
PE
PC
10.1.1.3/24

1. Save the patch file to the root directory of the CF card on the master.
2. Load the patch.
3. Activate the patch.
4. Run the patch.
Data Preparation
l File name of the patch: patch.pat
l Path the patch saved to on the MPU: cfcard:/
Procedure
Step 1 Upload the patch file for the system software.
# Log in to the FTP server.
<PE> ftp 10.1.1.2
Trying 10.1.1.2 ...
Connected to 192.168.1.2.
User(10.1.1.2:(none)):huawei
331 Password required for huawei.
Password:
230 User logged in.
[ftp]
# Configure the binary transmission format and the working directory of the CF card on PE.
[ftp] binary
200 Type set to I.
[ftp] lcd cfcard:/
% Local directory now cfcard:.
# Load the patch file for the current system software from the remote FTP server.
[ftp] get patch.pat
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for license.txt.
[ftp] bye
221 Server closing.
<PE>
Step 2 Load the patch.

<PE> patch load patch.pat all
Step 3 Activate the patch.

<PE> patch active all
Step 4 Run the patch.

<PE> patch run all

Step 5 Verify the configuration

<PE> display patch-information
Patch Package Name :cfcard:/patch.pat
Patch Package Version:V200R001C01
The state of the patch state file is: Running
The current state is: Running
************************************************************************
* The hot patch information, as follows: *
************************************************************************
Slot Type State Count

------------------------------------------------------------
2 C Running 1
----End
Configuration Files
None

Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations A Acronyms and Abbreviations
A Acronyms and Abbreviations
This appendix collates frequently used acronyms and abbreviations in this document.
Numerics
3DES Triple Data Encryption Standard
A
AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting
ACL Access Control List
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
ASPF Application Specific Packet Filter
AUX Auxiliary port
B
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
C
CBQ Class-based Queue
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CQ Custom Queuing
CR-LDP Constraint-based Routing LDP
D
DES Data Encryption Standard

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DNS Domain Name System
E
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
F
FR Frame Relay
G
GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation
H
HDLC High Level Data Link Control
I
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IKE Internet Key Exchange
IPSec IP Security
IS-IS Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System intra-domain
routing information exchange protocol
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union Telecommunications
Standardization Sector
L
L2TP Layer Two Tunneling Protocol
LAPB Link Access Procedure Balanced
LDP Label Distribution Protocol
M
MAC Medium Access Control
MBGP Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4
MFR Multiple Frame Relay

MP MultiLink PPP
MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching
MSDP Multicast Source Discovery Protocol
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
N
NAT Network Address Translation
NAT-PT Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation
O
OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
P
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
PE Provider Edge
Ping Ping (Packet Internet Groper)
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PPPoA PPP over AAL5
PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
PPPoEoA PPPoE on AAL5
PQ Priority Queuing
Q
QoS Quality of Service
R
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RPR Resilient Packet Ring
RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol

S
SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol
T
TE Traffic Engineering
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
V
VPN Virtual Private Network
VRP Versatile Routing Platform
VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
W
WAN Wide Area Network
WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing
WRED Weighted Random Early Detection
X
XOT X.25 Over TCP


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ATN 910 Multi - service Access Equipment

Configuration Guide - Basic

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

About This Document

Product Name Version

ATN 910 V200R001C01

This document is intended for:

Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not

NOTE Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement

Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.

Italic Command arguments are in italics.

[] Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.

{ x | y | ... } Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

[ x | y | ... ] Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

{ x | y | ... }* Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

[ x | y | ... ]* Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

Changes in Issue 03 (2012-03-19)

Changes in Issue 02 (2012-01-06)

Changes in Issue 01 (2011-10-28)

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iv

About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential v

2.3.5 Batch Command Execution.....................................................................................................................24

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential vi

4.3.2 Configuring Maximum VTY User Interfaces.........................................................................................51

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential vii

6 Management of Configuration Files........................................................................................89

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential viii

6.2.7 Checking the Configuration.....................................................................................................................95

7 FTP and TFTP...............................................................................................................................96

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ix

7.7.1 Example for Configuring FTP...............................................................................................................114

8 Telnet and SSH..........................................................................................................................120

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential x

8.6.1 Establishing the Configuration Task.....................................................................................................143

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential xi

10.4.2 Loading a Patch...................................................................................................................................167

A Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................................................172

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential xii

1 Establishment of the Configuration

About This Chapter

1.1 Introduction to Establishment of the Configuration Environment

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

1.1 Introduction to Establishment of the Configuration

1.1.1 Login Through the Console

l The ATN equipment is powered on for the first time.

1.1.2 Login Through Telnet

Enter "?" for help.

1.2 Logging In to the Device Through the Console Port

Issue 03 (2012-03-19) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2

1.2.1 Establishing the Configuration Task

l Preparing the PC/terminal (including serial port and RS-232 cables)

1 Terminal communication parameters

2 (Optional) Username and password to be entered for a successful login in AAA