4 /2 3 /2 0 1 7 P ro b a b ility Q u e s tio n s w ith S o lu tio n s
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Tutorialonfindingtheprobabilityofanevent.
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Inwhatfollows,SisthesamplespaceoftheexperimentinquestionandEistheeventofinterest.n(S)is
HIGHSCHOOLMATH
thenumberofelementsinthesamplespaceSandn(E)isthenumberofelementsintheeventE.
FREEPRACTICEFORSAT,ACTANDCOMPASSMATHTESTS MoreInfo
Question1:Adieisrolled,findtheprobabilitythatanevennumberisobtained.
SolutiontoQuestion1:
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LetusfirstwritethesamplespaceSoftheexperiment.
StatisticsandProbabilityProblemswithSolutio
sample3
S={1,2,3,4,5,6}
FileNotFound
LetEbetheevent"anevennumberisobtained"andwriteitdown.
MathWordProblemswithAnswersGrade8
E={2,4,6}
FreeAlgebraQuestionsandProblemswith
Wenowusetheformulaoftheclassicalprobability. Answers
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=3/6=1/2 MathProblems,QuestionsandOnlineSelfTest
Question2:Twocoinsaretossed,findtheprobabilitythattwoheadsareobtained.
Note:EachcoinhastwopossibleoutcomesH(heads)andT(Tails).
SolutiontoQuestion2:
ThesamplespaceSisgivenby.
S={(H,T),(H,H),(T,H),(T,T)}
LetEbetheevent"twoheadsareobtained".
E={(H,H)}
Weusetheformulaoftheclassicalprobability.
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=1/4
Question3:Whichofthesenumberscannotbeaprobability?
a)0.00001
b)0.5
c)1.001
d)0
e)1
f)20%
h t t p ://w w w .a n a l y z e m a t h .c o m /s t a t i s t i c s /p r o b a b i l i t y _ q u e s t i o n s .h t m l 1 /4
4 /2 3 /2 0 1 7 P ro b a b ility Q u e s tio n s w ith S o lu tio n s
SolutiontoQuestion3:
Aprobabilityisalwaysgreaterthanorequalto0andlessthanorequalto1,henceonlya)andc)
abovecannotrepresentprobabilities:0.00010islessthan0and1.001isgreaterthan1.
Question4:Twodicearerolled,findtheprobabilitythatthesumis
a)equalto1
b)equalto4
c)lessthan13
SolutiontoQuestion4:
a)ThesamplespaceSoftwodiceisshownbelow.
S={(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6)
(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6)
(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6)
(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6)
(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6)
(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}
LetEbetheevent"sumequalto1".Therearenooutcomeswhichcorrespondtoasumequalto1,
hence
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=0/36=0
b)Threepossibleoutcomesgiveasumequalto4:E={(1,3),(2,2),(3,1)},hence.
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=3/36=1/12
c)Allpossibleoutcomes,E=S,giveasumlessthan13,hence.
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=36/36=1
Question5:Adieisrolledandacoinistossed,findtheprobabilitythatthedieshowsanoddnumber
andthecoinshowsahead.
SolutiontoQuestion5:
ThesamplespaceSoftheexperimentdescribedinquestion5isasfollows
S={(1,H),(2,H),(3,H),(4,H),(5,H),(6,H)
(1,T),(2,T),(3,T),(4,T),(5,T),(6,T)}
LetEbetheevent"thedieshowsanoddnumberandthecoinshowsahead".EventEmaybe
describedasfollows
E={(1,H),(3,H),(5,H)}
TheprobabilityP(E)isgivenby
P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=3/12=1/4
Question6:Acardisdrawnatrandomfromadeckofcards.Findtheprobabilityofgettingthe3of
diamond.
SolutiontoQuestion6:
ThesamplespaceSoftheexperimentinquestion6isshwonbelow
h t t p ://w w w .a n a l y z e m a t h .c o m /s t a t i s t i c s /p r o b a b i l i t y _ q u e s t i o n s .h t m l 2 /4
4 /2 3 /2 0 1 7 P ro b a b ility Q u e s tio n s w ith S o lu tio n s
LetEbetheevent"gettingthe3ofdiamond".Anexaminationofthesamplespaceshowsthatthere
isone"3ofdiamond"sothatn(E)=1andn(S)=52.HencetheprobabilityofeventEoccurringis
givenby
P(E)=1/52
Question7:Acardisdrawnatrandomfromadeckofcards.Findtheprobabilityofgettingaqueen.
SolutiontoQuestion7:
ThesamplespaceSoftheexperimentinquestion7isshwonabove(seequestion6)
LetEbetheevent"gettingaQueen".Anexaminationofthesamplespaceshowsthatthereare4
"Queens"sothatn(E)=4andn(S)=52.HencetheprobabilityofeventEoccurringisgivenby
P(E)=4/52=1/13
Question8:Ajarcontains3redmarbles,7greenmarblesand10whitemarbles.Ifamarbleisdrawn
fromthejaratrandom,whatistheprobabilitythatthismarbleiswhite?
SolutiontoQuestion8:
Wefirstconstructatableoffrequenciesthatgivesthemarblescolordistributionsasfollows
color frequency
red 3
green 7
white 10
Wenowusetheempiricalformulaoftheprobability
Frequencyforwhitecolor
P(E)= ________________________________________________
Totalfrequenciesintheabovetable
=10/20=1/2
Question9:Thebloodgroupsof200peopleisdistributedasfollows:50havetypeAblood,65haveB
bloodtype,70haveObloodtypeand15havetypeABblood.Ifapersonfromthisgroupisselectedat
random,whatistheprobabilitythatthispersonhasObloodtype?
SolutiontoQuestion9:
Weconstructatableoffrequenciesforthethebloodgroupsasfollows
group frequency
a 50
B 65
O 70
AB 15
Weusetheempiricalformulaoftheprobability
FrequencyforOblood
P(E)= ________________________________________________
Totalfrequencies
h t t p ://w w w .a n a l y z e m a t h .c o m /s t a t i s t i c s /p r o b a b i l i t y _ q u e s t i o n s .h t m l 3 /4
4 /2 3 /2 0 1 7 P ro b a b ility Q u e s tio n s w ith S o lu tio n s
=70/200=0.35
Exercises:
a)Adieisrolled,findtheprobabilitythatthenumberobtainedisgreaterthan4.
b)Twocoinsaretossed,findtheprobabilitythatoneheadonlyisobtained.
c)Twodicearerolled,findtheprobabilitythatthesumisequalto5.
d)Acardisdrawnatrandomfromadeckofcards.FindtheprobabilityofgettingtheKingofheart.
Answerstoaboveexercises:
a)2/6=1/3
b)2/4=1/2
c)4/36=1/9
d)1/52
Morereferencesonelementarystatisticsandprobabilities.
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