Amity University, Dubai

Entrepreneur of your choice

Submitted by:
Name : Raihan firdous ( Aud5484)
Programme : Bcom Honours
Academic Year : 2016-2017
Supervisor : Mr.Raunaq Dubey
 Entrepreneur of your choice
Rationale of identification of an Entrepreneur

Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is an American computer programmer,

Internet entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He is the chairman, chief executive
officer, and co-founder of the social networking website Facebook. His net
worth is estimated to be US $50 billion as of December 2016, making him
the 5th richest person in the world.

Together with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University

students Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris
Hughes, he launched Facebook from Harvard's dormitory rooms. The group
then introduced Facebook to other campuses. Facebook expanded rapidly,
with one billion users by 2012. Zuckerberg was involved in various legal
disputes that were initiated by others in the group, who claimed a share of
the company based upon their involvement during the development phase of
Facebook.

Since 2010, Time magazine has named Zuckerberg among the 100
wealthiest and most influential people in the world as a part of its Person of
the Year distinction. In December 2016, Zuckerberg was ranked 10th on
Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People.
Depth of research on profiling of an Entrepreneur
EARLY YEARS:

Zuckerberg started utilizing PCs and composing programming as a part of center school.
His dad showed him Atari BASIC Programming in the 1990s, and later employed
programming engineer David Newman to guide him secretly. Newman calls him a
"wonder", including that it was "hard to remain in front of him". He delighted in creating
PC programs, particularly specialized apparatuses and diversions. In one program, since
his dad's dental practice was worked from their home, he constructed a product program
he called "ZuckNet" that permitted every one of the PCs between the house and dental
office to speak with each other. It is viewed as a "primitive" adaptation of AOL's Instant
Messenger, which turned out the next year.

According to writer Jose Antonio Vargas, "some kids played computer games. Mark
created them." Zuckerberg himself recalls this period: "I had a bunch of friends who were
artists. They'd come over, draw stuff, and I'd build a game out of it." During Zuckerberg's
high school years, under the company name Intelligent Media Group, he built a music
player called the Synapse Media Player that used machine learning to learn the user's
listening habits, which was posted to Slashdot and received a rating of 3 out of 5 from PC
Magazine.

COLLEGE YEARS:

By the time he began classes at Harvard, Zuckerberg had already achieved a "reputation
as a programming prodigy", notes Vargas. He studied psychology and computer science.
In his sophomore year, he wrote a program he called CourseMatch, which allowed users
to make class selection decisions based on the choices of other students and also to help
them form study groups. A short time later, he created a different program he initially
called Facemash that let students select the best looking person from a choice of photos.
According to Zuckerberg's roommate at the time, Arie Hasit, "he built the site for fun".
Hasit explains:

We had books called Face Books, which included the names and pictures of everyone
who lived in the student dorms. At first, he built a site and placed two pictures, or
pictures of two males and two females. Visitors to the site had to choose who was
"hotter" and according to the votes there would be a ranking.

The site went up over a weekend; but by Monday morning, the college shut it down
because its popularity had overwhelmed one of Harvard's network switches and
prevented students from accessing the Internet. In addition, many students complained
that their photos were being used without permission. Zuckerberg apologized publicly,
and the student paper ran articles stating that his site was "completely improper."

The following semester, in January 2004, Zuckerberg began writing code for a new
website. On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "The facebook", originally located at
thefacebook.com.

Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler
Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally misleading them
into believing he would help them build a social network called HarvardConnection.com,
while he was instead using their ideas to build a competing product.[34] The three
complained to the Harvard Crimson and the newspaper began an investigation in
response.

Following the official launch of the Facebook social media platform, the three filed a
lawsuit against Zuckerberg that resulted in a settlement. The agreed settlement was for
1.2 million Facebook shares that were worth US$300 million at Facebook's IPO.

Zuckerberg dropped out of Harvard in his sophomore year to complete his project. In
January 2014, Zuckerberg recalled:

I remember really vividly, you know, having pizza with my friends a day or two
afterI opened up the first version of Facebook at the time I thought, "You know,
someone needs to build a service like this for the world." But I just never thought that
we'd be the ones to help do it. And I think a lot of what it comes down to is we just
cared more.

CAREER

Once at college, Zuckerberg's Facebook started off as just a "Harvard thing" until
Zuckerberg decided to spread it to other schools, enlisting the help of roommate Dustin
Moskovitz. They began with Columbia, New York University, Stanford, Dartmouth,
Cornell, Penn, Brown, and Yale. Samyr Laine, a triple jumper representing Haiti at the
2012 Summer Olympics, shared a room with Zuckerberg during Facebook's founding.
"Mark was clearly on to great things," said Laine, who was Facebook's fourteenth user.

After Zuckerberg moved to Palo Alto, California with Moskovitz and some friends, they
leased a small house that served as an office. Over the summer, Zuckerberg met Peter
Thiel who invested in the company. They got their first office in mid-2004. According to
Zuckerberg, the group planned to return to Harvard but eventually decided to remain in
California. They had already turned down offers by major corporations to buy the
company. In an interview in 2007, Zuckerberg explained his reasoning: "It's not because
of the amount of money. For me and my colleagues, the most important thing is that we
create an open information flow for people. Having media corporations owned by
conglomerates is just not an attractive idea to me."

He restated these goals to Wired magazine in 2010: "The thing I really care about is the
mission, making the world open." Earlier, in April 2009, Zuckerberg sought the advice of
former Netscape CFO Peter Currie about financing strategies for Facebook. On July 21,
2010, Zuckerberg reported that the company reached the 500 million-user mark. When
asked whether Facebook could earn more income from advertising as a result of its
phenomenal growth, he explained:

I guess we could..... If you look at how much of our page is taken up with ads
compared to the average search query. The average for us is a little less than 10
percent of the pages and the average for search is about 20 percent taken up with
ads..... That's the simplest thing we could do. But we aren't like that. We make enough
money. Right, I mean, we are keeping things running; we are growing at the rate we
want to.

Vanity Fair magazine named Zuckerberg number 1 on its 2010 list of the Top 100 "most
influential people of the Information Age"

In a 2011 interview with PBS after the death of Steve Jobs, Zuckerberg said that Jobs had
advised him on how to create a management team at Facebook that was "focused on
building as high quality and good things as you are".

At the 2013 TechCrunch Disrupt gathering, held in September, Zuckerberg expressed

that he is working towards enrolling the 5 billion people who were not associated with
the Internet as of the meeting on Facebook. Zuckerberg then clarified this is interlaced
with the point of the Internet.org extend, whereby Facebook, with the support of other
technology organizations, looks to expand the quantity of individuals associated with the
web.

Zuckerberg was the keynote speaker at the 2014 Mobile World Congress (MWC), held in
Barcelona, Spain, in March 2014, which was attended by 75,000 delegates. Various
media sources highlighted the connection between Facebook's focus on mobile
technology and Zuckerberg's speech, claiming that mobile represents the future of the
company.[60] Zuckerberg's speech expands upon the goal that he raised at the
TechCrunch conference in September 2013, whereby he is working towards expanding
Internet coverage into developing countries.
Alongside other American technology figures like Jeff Bezos and Tim Cook, Zuckerberg
hosted visiting Chinese politician Lu Wei, known as the "Internet czar" for his influence
in the enforcement of China's online policy, at Facebook's headquarters on December 8,
2014. The meeting occurred after Zuckerberg participated in a Q&A session at Tsinghua
University in Beijing, China, on October 23, 2014, where he attempted to converse in
Mandarin Chinesealthough Facebook is banned in China, Zuckerberg is highly
regarded among the people and was at the university to help fuel the nation's burgeoning
entrepreneur sector.

Zuckerberg fielded questions during a live Q&A session at the company's headquarters in
Menlo Park on December 11, 2014. The founder and CEO explained that he does not
believe Facebook is a waste of time because it facilitates social engagement, and
participating in a public session was so that he could "learn how to better serve the
community".

Zuckerberg receives a one-dollar salary as CEO of Facebook. On December 3, 2016

Forbes reported Facebook shares have declined 7% since November 8, 2016, reducing
Zuckerberg's net worth by 3.7 billion dollar.

Market Growth:

Wirehog

A month after Facebook launched in February 2004, i2hub, another campus-only service,
created by Wayne Chang, was launched. i2hub focused on peer-to-peer file sharing. At
the time, both i2hub and Facebook were gaining the attention of the press and growing
rapidly in users and publicity. In August 2004, Zuckerberg, Andrew McCollum, Adam
D'Angelo, and Sean Parker launched a competing peer-to-peer file sharing service called
Wirehog, a precursor to Facebook Platform applications.

Platform, Beacon, and Connect:

On May 24, 2007, Zuckerberg announced Facebook Platform, a development platform

for programmers to create social applications within Facebook. Within weeks, many
applications had been built and some already had millions of users. It grew to more than
800,000 developers around the world building applications for Facebook Platform.

On November 6, 2007, Zuckerberg announced Beacon, a social advertising system that

enabled people to share information with their Facebook friends based on their browsing
activities on other sites. For example, eBay sellers could let friends know automatically
what they have for sale via the Facebook news feed as they listed items for sale.

In 2007, Zuckerberg was named by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Technology Review's TR35 as one of the top 35 innovators in the world under the age of
35. On July 23, 2008, Zuckerberg announced Facebook Connect, a version of Facebook
Platform for users.

Internet.org:

In a public Facebook post, Zuckerberg launched the Internet.org project in late August
2013. Zuckerberg explained that the primary aim of the initiative is to provide Internet
access to the 5 billion people who are not connected as of the launch date. Using a three-
tier strategy, Internet.org will also create new jobs and open up new markets, according
to Zuckerberg. He stated in his post:

The world economy is going through a massive transition right now. The knowledge
economy is the future. By bringing everyone online, we'll not only improve billions of
lives, but we'll also improve our own as we benefit from the ideas and productivity they
contribute to the world. Giving everyone the opportunity to connect is the foundation for
enabling the knowledge economy. It is not the only thing we need to do, but it's a
fundamental and necessary step.

To stay proven on the efforts of bringing in the concept of net neutrality, Mark
Zuckerberg met Narendra Modi, Satya Nadella and Sundar Pichai at the Silicon Valley,
to discuss on how to effectively establish affordable internet access to the less developed
countries. As a token of initiation, Mark Zuckerberg changed his Facebook profile picture
to extend his support to the Digital India to help the rural communities to stay connected
to the internet

Future Plans:

The Facebook of todayand tomorrowis far more expansive than it was just a few
years ago. Its easy to forget that when the company filed to go public on February 1,
2012, it was just a single website and an app that the experts werent sure could ever be
profitable. Now, "a billion and a half people use the main, core Facebook service, and
thats growing.

Zuckerberg also outlined his three-, five-, and 10-year plan for the company.
In summary, he wants to have multiple Facebook products WhatsApp, Messenger,
Search, Video, NewsFeed, Oculus, and Instagram each connect 1 billion users. Once
those have reached mass scale, then he'll start to aggressively monetize them.

He also wants to improve the advertising experience for brands, particularly on mobile.
Facebook will be investing in ways to better target and measure campaigns through data.
It wants to help brands measure online to offline sales conversions. Currently, advertisers
spend only about 11% of their budgets on mobile, according to Facebook COO Sheryl
Sandberg, because the right tools aren't in place.

Finally, Facebook wants to build the next major computing platform, which Zuckerberg
believes could be augmented reality and Oculus. He also wants to bring the internet to
more people through Internet.org.

"We're going to prepare for the future by investing aggressively," Zuckerberg said.

"The strength of the business today is putting us in a strong position to invest in the
future," Wehner added.

Here's the transcript of Zuckerberg's plan, from Seeking Alpha:

On previous calls, youve heard me talk about our big company goals of connecting
everyone, understanding the world and building the next generation of platforms. These
goals are important for us and part of our foundation of our strategy for the next decade,
but achieving these will involve many different efforts and steps along the way, some that
will be achieved rapidly and others that are going to take longer.

So with that in mind, Id like to run through our progress this quarter on the different
efforts that we expect to deliver a lot of impact over the next three, five and 10 years.

Let's begin with our three-year goals. Over the next three years, our main goals are
around continuing to grow and serve our existing communities and businesses and help
them reach their full potential.

Next, let's talk about our strategy over the next five years. Over the next five years,
our goals are around taking our next generation of services, Instagram, Messenger,
WhatsApp and Search and helping them connect billions of people and become important
businesses in their own right.

One big priority for us here is messaging. And continuing to build and grow Messenger
and now WhatsApp as well as great services. This quarter we made an important change
to our mobile messaging efforts by transitioning people to Messenger on iOS, Android
and Windows Phone. We believe that this change allows us to offer a better and faster
messaging experience on mobile, and our data shows that people who use Messenger,
usually respond to messages about 20% faster.

Over the next few years, our goal is to make Facebook a cross-platform platform that
allows developers to build, grow and monetize their apps across every major mobile
platform. Weve continued to make good progress here. This quarter, we opened our
audience networks to all developers and publishers, allowing over 1.5 million advertisers
on Facebook to extend their campaigns across mobile and for developers to begin
monetizing their apps.

Now let's talk about how we're approaching our goals over the next 10 years. For the
next 10 years our focus is on driving the fundamental changes in the world that we need
to achieve our mission, connecting the whole world, understanding a world with big leaps
in AIs and developing the next generation of platforms, especially in computing.

This is a very big period, a very busy period for our efforts with Internet.org. In July we
worked with Airtel to launch the Internet.org app in Zambia. This provides free data
access to a set of basic internet services for health, education, employment and
communication. The results from this are very encouraging. We've already heard a lot
amazing stories about how people are using the internet to add value to their lives. We
hope to bring the Internet.org app to many more countries soon.

Over the last few months, I've also travelled to several countries and met with policy
makers, key distributors and people and communities that are coming online for the first
time. Increasingly industry and governments are seeing expanding internet access as one
of their core priorities. This is positive development for our work with Internet.org in our
long-term goal of connecting everyone in the world.

Finally, let's talk for a minute about our progress of Oculus. As I've said before, with
Oculus, we're making a long-term bet on the future of computing. Every 10 to 15 years, a
new major computing platform arrives and we think that virtual and augmented reality
are important parts of this upcoming next platform. This quarter, Oculus continued to
make progress towards this vision.

In September, the first Oculus developer conference took place, where we announced a
new prototype VR headset on the path of a consumer version of the Rift. We continue to
see a lot of excitement in the developer community and we've now shipped more than
100,000 of Rift developer kit to over a 130 countries. It's still early for Oculus but we are
encouraged to see the variety of apps and games being developed for this platform.
Internet.org and Oculus are just two of the huge opportunities ahead. Our efforts here will
take longer to achieve their full impact, but we're going to continue preparing for the
future by investing aggressively. So thats how were approaching our strategy over the
next three, five and 10 years, while focusing on our big goals of connecting everyone,
understanding the world and building the next generation of platforms.

This has been a quarter with strong results. I want to thank the entire Facebook
community, our employees, our partners and our stockholders for their continued support.
Because of your contribution, Facebook continues to grow in strength and to create
greater value in the world for people, partners and businesses. We have a long journey
ahead, were on the right path and I'm excited about the progress that were making.

In September 2016, Zuckerberg and Chan announced that the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
(CZI), the company into which they put their Facebook shares, would invest at least $3
billion into scientific research over the next decade to help cure, prevent and manage all
diseases in our children's lifetime." Renowned neuroscientist Cori Bargmann of The
Rockefeller University was named the president of science at CZI. They also announced
the founding of Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, a San Francisco-based independent research
center that will bring together engineers, computer scientists, biologists, chemists and
others in the scientific community. A partnership between Stanford University,
University of California, San Francisco, and University of California, Berkeley, Biohub
will receive initial funding of $600 million over 10 years.