COUNTDOWN TO AP EXAM BOOTCAMP: FR 13 (DUE: 5/4 [B] + 5/5 [A])

1. A 1996 National Sleep Foundation Gallup survey of American adults who experienced night-time pain and
sleeplessness reported they lost 21 hours of sleep per month.
Assume that the population is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 3 hours of sleep lost per month and
that the sample size is 40 with a sample mean of 20 hours.

(a) Is there statistically significant evidence at the 5% level of significance that the average number of hours of
sleep lost per month isnt 21? (Name the test and check conditions, provide null and alternate hypotheses, compute
the test statistic and P-value and make a sketch, and write a conclusion.)
(b) If the 1996 researchers claimed that the number of hours of sleep lost was more than 21 hours, then how does
the P-value change? Is this stronger or weaker evidence than in part a?
(c) Would the evidence in part (a) be stronger or weaker if the sample size were decreased, assuming everything
else remained the same? Explain.
(d) Would the evidence in part (a) be stronger or weaker if the population standard deviation were unknown, the
sample standard deviation turned out to be 3, and the sample size and sample mean remained the same? Explain.

2. A pollster was hired by a television studio to take a random sample of 400 high school students, 100 from each of
grades 912, and ask the students whether they watch at least one reality television show on a regular basis. The
corresponding percentages that replied yes for grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 were 28%, 18%, 30%, 33%, respectively.
The studio wishes to know whether there is evidence that the percentage watching varies among the grade levels
versus the expected percentage of 25%.

(a) What significance test would you use for this designa test of goodness-of-fit, homogeneity, or independence?
Explain your choice.
(b) Perform the test you selected.

3. A survey of drivers in the United States found that 15% never use a cell phone while driving. Suppose that drivers
arrive at random at an auto inspection station.

(a) If the inspector checks 10 drivers, what is the chance that at least one driver never uses a cell phone while
driving?
(b) Suppose the inspector checks 1000 drivers. Use the normal approximation to the binomial distribution to find the
approximate probability that at least 13% of them never use a cell phone while driving.
(c) If the drivers are inspected sequentially as they arrive randomly at the inspection station, what is the probability
that the first driver who uses a cell phone while driving is the third driver checked?
(d) What is the expected number of drivers that must be checked to find the first who never uses a cell phone while
driving?
(e) What is the expected number of drivers it takes to get the first driver who uses a cell phone while driving?
(f) If it costs $5 to question each driver, what is the expected cost and standard deviation of questioning up to and
including the first driver who uses a cell phone while driving?
(g) Will the cost of inspection in part (f) often exceed $15? Explain.