ENBANC

[G.R.No.129433.March30,2000]

PEOPLEOFTHEPHILIPPINES,plaintiff,vs.PRIMOCAMPUHANYBELLO,accused.

DECISION
BELLOSILLO,J.:

On3April1990thisCourtinPeoplev.Orita[1]finallydidawaywithfrustratedrape[2]andallowedonly
attemptedrapeandconsummatedrapetoremaininourstatutebooks.Theinstantcaselurksatthe
thresholdofanotheremasculationofthestagesofexecutionofrapebyconsideringalmostevery
attemptatsexualviolationofawomanasconsummatedrape,thatis,ifthecontraryviewweretobe
adopted.Thedangerthereisthatthatconceptmaysendthewrongsignaltoeveryroaminglothario,
whenevertheopportunitybaresitself,tobetterintrudewithclimacticgusto,sansanyrestraint,since
afterallanyattemptedfornicationwouldbeconsideredconsummatedrapeandpunishedassuch.A
merestrafingofthecitadelofpassionwouldthenbeconsideredadeadlyfaitaccompli,whichis
absurd.

InOritaweheldthatrapewasconsummatedfromthemomenttheoffenderhadcarnalknowledgeof
thevictimsincebyitheattainedhisobjective.Alltheelementsoftheoffensewerealreadypresent
andnothingmorewasleftfortheoffendertodo,havingperformedalltheactsnecessarytoproduce
thecrimeandaccomplishit.Weruledthenthatperfectpenetrationwasnotessentialanypenetration
ofthefemaleorganbythemaleorgan,howeverslight,wassufficient.TheCourtfurtherheldthatentry
ofthelabiaorlipsofthefemaleorgan,evenwithoutruptureofthehymenorlacerationofthevagina,
wassufficienttowarrantconvictionforconsummatedrape.Wedistinguishedconsummatedrapefrom
attemptedrapewheretherewasnopenetrationofthefemaleorganbecausenotallactsofexecution
wereperformedastheoffendermerelycommencedthecommissionofafelonydirectlybyovertacts.
[3]
Theinferencethatmaybederivedtherefromisthatcompleteorfullpenetrationofthevaginaisnot
requiredforrapetobeconsummated.Anypenetration,inwhateverdegree,isenoughtoraisethe
crimetoitsconsummatedstage.

ButtheCourtinOritaclarifiedtheconceptofpenetrationinrapebyrequiringentryintothelabiaor
lipsofthefemaleorgan,eveniftherebenoruptureofthehymenorlacerationofthevagina,to
warrantaconvictionforconsummatedrape.Whiletheentryofthepenisintothelipsofthefemale
organwasconsideredsynonymouswithmeretouchingoftheexternalgenitalia,e.g.,labiamajora,
labiaminora,etc.,[4]thecrucialdoctrinalbottomlineisthattouchingmustbeinextricablyviewedin
lightof,inrelationto,orasanessentialpartof,theprocessofpenilepenetration,andnotjustmere
touchingintheordinarysense.Inotherwords,thetouchingmustbetackedtothepenetrationitself.
Theimportanceoftherequirementofpenetration,howeverslight,cannotbegainsaidbecausewhere
entryintothelabiaorthelipsofthefemalegenitaliahasnotbeenestablished,thecrimecommitted
amountsmerelytoattemptedrape.

Verily,thisshouldbetheindiciumoftheCourtindeterminingwhetherrapehasbeencommittedeither
initsattemptedorinitsconsummatedstageotherwise,nosubstantialdistinctionwouldexistbetween
thetwo,despitethefactthatpenaltywise,thisdistinction,threadbareasitmayseem,irrevocably
spellsthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathfortheaccusedareclusivelifethatisnotevenperpetua
butonlytemporalononehand,andtheultimateexterminationoflifeontheother.And,arguingon
anotherlevel,ifthecaseatbarcannotbedeemedattemptedbutconsummatedrape,whatthen
wouldconstituteattemptedrape?Mustourfieldofchoicebethuslimitedonlytoconsummatedrape
andactsoflasciviousnesssinceattemptedrapewouldnolongerbepossibleinlightoftheviewof
thosewhodisagreewiththisponencia?

On27May1997PrimoCampuhanyBellowasfoundguiltyofstatutoryrapeandsentencedbythe
courtaquototheextremepenaltyofdeath,[5]hencethiscasebeforeusonautomaticreviewunder
Art.335oftheRevisedPenalCodeasamendedbyRA7659.[6]

Asmaybeculledfromtheevidenceonrecord,on25April1996,ataround4oclockintheafternoon,
Ma.CorazonP.Pamintuan,motheroffour(4)yearoldCrysthelPamintuan,wentdownfromthe
secondflooroftheirhousetoprepareMilochocolatedrinksforhertwo(2)children.Attheground
floorshemetPrimoCampuhanwhowasthenbusyfillingsmallplasticbagswithwatertobefrozen
intoiceinthefreezerlocatedatthesecondfloor.PrimowasahelperofConradoPlataJr.,brotherof
Corazon.AsCorazonwasbusypreparingthedrinks,sheheardoneofherdaughterscry,"Ayo'ko,
ayo'ko!"[7]promptingCorazontorushupstairs.Thereupon,shesawPrimoCampuhaninsideher
childrensroomkneelingbeforeCrysthelwhosepajamasor"joggingpants"andpantywerealready
removed,whilehisshortpantsweredowntohisknees.

AccordingtoCorazon,PrimowasforcinghispenisintoCrysthelsvagina.Horrified,shecursedthe
accused,"Ptnginamo,anakkoiyan!"andboxedhimseveraltimes.Heevadedherblowsand
pulleduphispants.HepushedCorazonasidewhenshetriedtoblockhispath.Corazonthenranout
andshoutedforhelpthuspromptingherbrother,acousinandanunclewhowerelivingwithintheir
compound,tochasetheaccused.[8]Secondslater,Primowasapprehendedbythosewhoanswered
Corazon'scallforhelp.Theyheldtheaccusedatthebackoftheircompounduntiltheywereadvised
bytheirneighborstocallthebarangayofficialsinsteadofdetaininghimforhismisdeed.Physical
examinationofthevictimyieldednegativeresults.Noevidentsignofextragenitalphysicalinjurywas
notedbythemedicolegalofficeronCrysthelsbodyasherhymenwasintactanditsorificewasonly
0.5cm.indiameter.

PrimoCampuhanhadonlyhimselfforawitnessinhisdefense.Hemaintainedhisinnocenceand
assailedthechargeasamereschemeofCrysthel'smotherwhoallegedlyharboredillwillagainsthim
forhisrefusaltorunanerrandforher.[9]HeassertedthatintruthCrysthelwasinaplayingmoodand
wantedtorideonhisbackwhenshesuddenlypulledhimdowncausingbothofthemtofalldownon
thefloor.ItwasinthisfallenpositionthatCorazonchanceduponthemandbecamehysterical.
Corazonslappedhimandaccusedhimofrapingherchild.Hegotmadbutrestrainedhimselffrom
hittingbackwhenherealizedshewasawoman.Corazoncalledforhelpfromherbrotherstostophim
asherandownfromthesecondfloor.

Vicente,Corazon'sbrother,timelyrespondedtohercallforhelpandaccostedPrimo.Vicente
punchedhimandthreatenedtokillhim.Uponhearingthethreat,Primoimmediatelyrantowardsthe
houseofConradoPlatabutVicentefollowedhimthere.Primopleadedforachancetoexplainashe
reasonedoutthattheaccusationwasnottrue.ButVicentekickedhiminstead.WhenPrimosaw
Vicenteholdingapieceofleadpipe,Primoraisedhishandsandturnedhisbacktoavoidtheblow.At
thismoment,therelativesandneighborsofVicenteprevaileduponhimtotakePrimotothebarangay
hallinstead,andnottomaulorpossiblykillhim.

AlthoughPrimoCampuhaninsistedonhisinnocence,thetrialcourton27May1997foundhimguilty
ofstatutoryrape,sentencedhimtotheextremepenaltyofdeath,andorderedhimtopayhisvictim
P50,000.00formoraldamages,P25,000.00forexemplarydamages,andthecosts.

TheaccusedPrimoCampuhanseriouslyassailsthecredibilityofMa.CorazonPamintuan.Heargues
thathernarrationshouldnotbegivenanyweightorcredencesinceitwaspuncturedwithimplausible
statementsandimprobabilitiessoinconsistentwithhumannatureandexperience.Heclaimsthatit
wastrulyinconceivableforhimtocommittherapeconsideringthatCrysthelsyoungersisterwasalso
intheroomplayingwhileCorazonwasjustdownstairspreparingMilodrinksforherdaughters.Their
presencealoneaspossibleeyewitnessesandthefactthattheepisodehappenedwithinthefamily
compoundwhereacallforassistancecouldeasilybeheardandrespondedto,wouldhavebeen
enoughtodeterhimfromcommittingthecrime.Besides,thedooroftheroomwaswideopenfor
anybodytoseewhatcouldbetakingplaceinside.Primoinsiststhatitwasalmostinconceivablethat
Corazoncouldgivesuchavividdescriptionoftheallegedsexualcontactwhenfromwhereshestood
shecouldnothavepossiblyseentheallegedtouchingofthesexualorgansoftheaccusedandhis
victim.Heassertsthattheabsenceofanyexternalsignsofphysicalinjuriesorofpenetrationof
Crysthelsprivatepartsmorethanbolstershisinnocence.

Inconvictingtheaccused,thetrialcourtreliedquiteheavilyonthetestimonyofCorazonthatshesaw
PrimowithhisshortpantsdowntohiskneeskneelingbeforeCrysthelwhosepajamasandpantywere
supposedly"alreadyremoved"andthatPrimowas"forcinghispenisintoCrysthelsvagina."The
gravamenoftheoffenseofstatutoryrapeiscarnalknowledgeofawomanbelowtwelve(12),as
providedinArt.335,par.(3),oftheRevisedPenalCode.Crysthelwasonlyfour(4)yearsoldwhen
sexuallymolested,thusraisingthepenalty,fromreclusionperpetuatodeath,tothesingleindivisible
penaltyofdeathunderRA7659,Sec.11,theoffendedpartybeingbelowseven(7)yearsold.We
havesaidoftenenoughthatinconcludingthatcarnalknowledgetookplace,fullpenetrationofthe
vaginalorificeisnotanessentialingredient,noristheruptureofthehymennecessarythemere
touchingoftheexternalgenitaliabythepeniscapableofconsummatingthesexualactissufficientto
constitutecarnalknowledge.[10]Buttheactoftouchingshouldbeunderstoodhereasinherentlypart
oftheentryofthepenisintothelabiasofthefemaleorganandnotmeretouchingaloneofthemons
pubisorthepudendum.

InPeoplev.DelaPea[11]weclarifiedthatthedecisionsfindingacaseforrapeeveniftheattackers
penismerelytouchedtheexternalportionsofthefemalegenitaliaweremadeinthecontextofthe
presenceorexistenceofanerectpeniscapableoffullpenetration.Wheretheaccusedfailedto
achieveanerection,hadalimporflaccidpenis,oranoversizedpeniswhichcouldnotfitintothe
victim'svagina,theCourtnonethelessheldthatrapewasconsummatedonthebasisofthevictim's
testimonythattheaccusedrepeatedlytried,butinvain,toinserthispenisintohervaginaandinall
likelihoodreachedthelabiaofherpudendumasthevictimfelthisorganonthelipsofhervulva,[12]or
thatthepenisoftheaccusedtouchedthemiddlepartofhervagina.[13]Thus,touchingwhenappliedto
rapecasesdoesnotsimplymeanmereepidermalcontact,strokingorgrazingoforgans,aslight
brushorascrapeofthepenisontheexternallayerofthevictimsvagina,orthemonspubis,asinthis
case.Theremustbesufficientandconvincingproofthatthepenisindeedtouchedthelabiasorslid
intothefemaleorgan,andnotmerelystrokedtheexternalsurfacethereof,foranaccusedtobe
convictedofconsummatedrape.[14]Asthelabias,whicharerequiredtobe"touched"bythepenis,are
bytheirnaturalsitusorlocationbeneaththemonspubisorthevaginalsurface,totouchthemwiththe
penisistoattainsomedegreeofpenetrationbeneaththesurface,hence,theconclusionthattouching
thelabiamajoraorthelabiaminoraofthepudendumconstitutesconsummatedrape.

Thepudendumorvulvaisthecollectivetermforthefemalegenitalorgansthatarevisibleinthe
perinealarea,e.g.,monspubis,labiamajora,labiaminora,thehymen,theclitoris,thevaginalorifice,
etc.Themonspubisistheroundedeminencethatbecomeshairyafterpuberty,andisinstantlyvisible
withinthesurface.Thenextlayeristhelabiamajoraortheouterlipsofthefemaleorgancomposedof
theouterconvexsurfaceandtheinnersurface.Theskinoftheouterconvexsurfaceiscoveredwith
hairfolliclesandispigmented,whiletheinnersurfaceisathinskinwhichdoesnothaveanyhairbut
hasmanysebaceousglands.Directlybeneaththelabiamajoraisthelabiaminora.[15]Jurisprudence
dictatesthatthelabiamajoramustbeenteredforrapetobeconsummated,[16]andnotmerelyforthe
penistostrokethesurfaceofthefemaleorgan.Thus,agrazingofthesurfaceofthefemaleorganor
touchingthemonspubisofthepudendumisnotsufficienttoconstituteconsummatedrape.Absent
anyshowingoftheslightestpenetrationofthefemaleorgan,i.e.,touchingofeitherlabiaofthe
pudendumbythepenis,therecanbenoconsummatedrapeatmost,itcanonlybeattemptedrape,if
notactsoflasciviousness.
Judicialdepictionofconsummatedrapehasnotbeenconfinedtotheoftquoted"touchingofthe
femaleorgan,"[17]buthasalsoprogressedintobeingdescribedas"theintroductionofthemaleorgan
intothelabiaofthepudendum,"[18]or"thebombardmentofthedrawbridge."[19]But,toourmind,the
caseatbarmerelyconstitutesa"shellingofthecastleoforgasmicpotency,"orasearlierstated,a
"strafingofthecitadelofpassion."

Areviewoftherecordsclearlydisclosesthattheprosecutionutterlyfailedtodischargeitsonusof
provingthatPrimospeniswasabletopenetrateCrysthelsvaginahoweverslight.Evenifwegrant
arguendothatCorazonwitnessedPrimointheactofsexuallymolestingherdaughter,weseriously
doubttheveracityofherclaimthatshesawtheintergenitalcontactbetweenPrimoandCrysthel.
WhenaskedwhatshesawuponenteringherchildrensroomCorazonplungedintosayingthatshe
sawPrimopokinghispenisonthevaginaofCrysthelwithoutexplainingherrelativepositiontothem
astoenablehertoseeclearlyandsufficiently,inautomotivelingo,thecontactpoint.Itshouldbe
recalledthatwhenCorazonchanceduponPrimoandCrysthel,theformerwasallegedlyinakneeling
position,whichCorazondescribedthus:

Q:HowwasPrimoholdingyourdaughter?

A:(Thewitnessisdemonstratinginsuchawaythatthechestoftheaccusedispinning
downthevictim,whilehisrighthandisholdinghispenisandhislefthandisspreading
thelegsofthevictim).

ItcanreasonablybedrawnfromtheforegoingnarrationthatPrimoskneelingpositionrenderedan
unbridledobservationimpossible.Notevenavantagepointfromthesideoftheaccusedandthe
victimwouldhaveprovidedCorazonanunobstructedviewofPrimospenissupposedlyreaching
Crysthelsexternalgenitalia,i.e.,labiamajora,labiaminora,hymen,clitoris,etc.,sincethelegsand
armsofPrimowouldhavehiddenhismovementsfromCorazonssight,nottodiscountthefactthat
PrimosrighthandwasallegedlyholdinghispenistherebyblockingitfromCorazonsview.Itisthe
burdenoftheprosecutiontoestablishhowCorazoncouldhaveseenthesexualcontactandtoshove
heraccountintothepermissivesphereofcredibility.Itisnotenoughthatsheclaimsthatshesaw
whatwasdonetoherdaughter.Itisrequiredthatherclaimbeproperlydemonstratedtoinspirebelief.
Theprosecutionfailedinthisrespect,thuswecannotconcludewithoutanytaintofseriousdoubtthat
intergenitalcontactwasatallachieved.Toholdotherwisewouldbetoresolvethedoubtinfavorof
theprosecutionbuttorunroughshodovertheconstitutionalrightoftheaccusedtobepresumed
innocent.

CorazoninsiststhatPrimodidnotrestrainhimselffrompursuinghiswickedintentiondespiteher
timelyappearance,thusgivinghertheopportunitytofullywitnesshisbeastlyact.

Wearenotpersuaded.Itisinconsistentwithmansinstinctofselfpreservationtoremainwhereheis
andpersistinsatisfyinghislustevenwhenheknowsfullywellthathisdastardlyactshavealready
beendiscoveredorwitnessedbynolessthanthemotherofhisvictim.For,thenormalbehavioror
reactionofPrimouponlearningofCorazonspresencewouldhavebeentopullhispantsuptoavoid
beingcaughtliterallywithhispantsdown.Theinterval,althoughrelativelyshort,providedmorethan
enoughopportunityforPrimonotonlytodesistfrombuteventoconcealhisevildesign.

WhatappearstobethebasisoftheconvictionoftheaccusedwasCrysthel'sanswertothequestion
ofthecourt

Q:DidthepenisofPrimotouchyourorgan?

A:Yes,sir.

Butwhenaskedfurtherwhetherhispenispenetratedherorgan,shereadilysaid,"No."Thus
 Q:Butdidhispenispenetrateyourorgan?

A:No,sir.[20]

Thistestimonyaloneshoulddissipatethemistofconfusionthatenshroudsthequestionofwhether
rapeinthiscasewasconsummated.IthasforeclosedthepossibilityofPrimospenispenetratingher
vagina,howeverslight.Crysthelmadeacategoricalstatementdenyingpenetration,[21]obviously
inducedbyaquestionpropoundedtoherwhocouldnothavebeenawareofthefinerdistinctions
betweentouchingandpenetration.Consequently,itisimproperandunfairtoattachtothisreplyofa
four(4)yearoldchild,whosevocabularyisyetasunderdevelopedashersexandwhoselanguageis
bereftofworldlysophistication,anadultinterpretationthatbecausethepenisoftheaccusedtouched
herorgantherewassexualentry.Norcanitbededucedthatintryingtopenetratethevictim'sorgan
thepenisoftheaccusedtouchedthemiddleportionofhervaginaandenteredthelabiaofher
pudendumastheprosecutionfailedtoestablishsufficientlythatPrimomadeeffortstopenetrate
Crysthel.[22]Corazondidnotsay,nay,notevenhintthatPrimo'speniswaserectorthatheresponded
withanerection.[23]Onthecontrary,CorazonevennarratedthatPrimohadtoholdhispeniswithhis
righthand,thusshowingthathehadyettoattainanerectiontobeabletopenetratehisvictim.

Antithetically,thepossibilityofPrimospenishavingbreachedCrysthelsvaginaisbeliedbythechild's
ownassertionthatsheresistedPrimosadvancesbyputtingherlegsclosetogether[24]consequently,
shedidnotfeelanyintensepainbutjustfelt"nothappy"aboutwhatPrimodidtoher.[25]Thus,she
onlyshouted"Ayo'ko,ayo'ko!"not"Arayko,arayko!"Incaseswherepenetrationwasnotfully
established,theCourthadanchoreditsconclusionthatrapeneverthelesswasconsummatedonthe
victim'stestimonythatshefeltpain,orthemedicolegalfindingofdiscolorationintheinnerlipsofthe
vagina,orthelabiaminorawasalreadygapingwithredness,orthehymenaltagswerenolonger
visible.[26]Nonewasshowninthiscase.Althoughachild'stestimonymustbereceivedwithdue
considerationonaccountofhertenderage,theCourtendeavorsatthesametimetoharnessonly
whatinherstoryappearstobetrue,acutelyawareoftheequallyguaranteedrightsoftheaccused.
Thus,wehavetoconcludethatevenonthebasisofthetestimonyofCrysthelalonetheaccused
cannotbeheldliableforconsummatedrapeworse,besentencedtodeath.

Lastly,itispertinenttomentionthemedicolegalofficer'sfindinginthiscasethattherewereno
externalsignsofphysicalinjuriesoncomplainingwitnessbodytoconcludefromamedical
perspectivethatpenetrationhadtakenplace.AsDr.AureaP.Villenaexplained,althoughtheabsence
ofcompletepenetrationofthehymendoesnotnegatethepossibilityofcontact,sheclarifiedthat
therewasnomedicalbasistoholdthattherewassexualcontactbetweentheaccusedandthevictim.
[27]

Incasesofrapewherethereisapositivetestimonyandamedicalcertificate,bothshouldinall
respectscomplementeachotherotherwise,torelyonthetestimonialevidencealone,inutter
disregardofthemanifestvarianceinthemedicalcertificate,wouldbeproductiveofunwarrantedor
evenmischievousresults.Itisnecessarytocarefullyascertainwhetherthepenisoftheaccusedin
realityenteredthelabialthresholdofthefemaleorgantoaccuratelyconcludethatrapewas
consummated.Failinginthis,thethinlinethatseparatesattemptedrapefromconsummatedrapewill
significantlydisappear.

UnderArt.6,inrelationtoArt.335,oftheRevisedPenalCode,rapeisattemptedwhentheoffender
commencesthecommissionofrapedirectlybyovertacts,anddoesnotperformalltheactsof
executionwhichshouldproducethecrimeofrapebyreasonofsomecauseoraccidentotherthanhis
ownspontaneousdesistance.Alltheelementsofattemptedrapeandonlyofattemptedrapeare
presentintheinstantcase,hence,theaccusedshouldbepunishedonlyforit.

Thepenaltyforattemptedrapeistwo(2)degreeslowerthantheimposablepenaltyofdeathforthe
offensecharged,whichisstatutoryrapeofaminorbelowseven(7)years.Two(2)degreesloweris
reclusiontemporal,therangeofwhichistwelve(12)yearsandone(1)daytotwenty(20)years.
ApplyingtheIndeterminateSentenceLaw,andintheabsenceofanymitigatingoraggravating
circumstance,themaximumofthepenaltytobeimposedupontheaccusedshallbetakenfromthe
mediumperiodofreclusiontemporal,therangeofwhichisfourteen(14)years,eight(8)monthsand
(1)daytoseventeen(17)yearsandfour(4)months,whiletheminimumshallbetakenfromthe
penaltynextlowerindegree,whichisprisionmayor,therangeofwhichisfromsix(6)yearsandone
(1)daytotwelve(12)years,inanyofitsperiods.

WHEREFORE,theDecisionofthecourtaquofindingaccusedPRIMO"SONNY"CAMPUHANY
BELLOguiltyofstatutoryrapeandsentencinghimtodeathandtopaydamagesisMODIFIED.Heis
insteadfoundguiltyofATTEMPTEDRAPEandsentencedtoanindeterminateprisontermofeight(8)
yearsfour(4)monthsandten(10)daysofprisionmayormediumasminimum,tofourteen(14)years
ten(10)monthsandtwenty(20)daysofreclusiontemporalmediumasmaximum.Costsdeoficio.

SOORDERED.

Davide,Jr.,C.J.,Melo,Puno,Vitug,Kapunan,Mendoza,Quisumbing,Purisima,Pardo,Buena,
GonzagaReyes,YnaresSantiago,andDeLeon,Jr.,JJ.,concur.

Panganiban,J.,intheresult.

[1]Peoplev.CeilitoOritaalias"Lito,"G.R.No.88724,3April1990,184SCRA105.
[2]Peoplev.Eriia,50Phil.998(1927)
[3]SeeNote1.
[4]Peoplev.Quinaola,G.R.No.126148,5May1999.
[5]DecisionpennedbyJudgeBenjaminT.Antonio,RTCBr.170,Malabon,MetroManila(Crim.CaseNo.16857MN)
[6]AnActtoImposetheDeathPenaltyonCertainHeinousCrimes,AmendingforthatPurposetheRevisedPenalCode,asamended,
otherSpecialPenalLaws,andforOtherPurposes,effectiveon31December1993.
[7]"Ayoko,"apparentlyisacontractionof"ayawko.""Ayoko,ayoko"means"Idontlike,Idontlike."
[8]CorazonsbrotherVicentePlatarespondedtohercall,aswellasotherslivingwithinthecompoundnamely,CriseldaCarlos
Manalac,FernandoBondal,JoseCarlosandReynosoCarlos.
[9]AccusedallegedthatthechargeofrapewasmerelyconcoctedbyMa.CorazonPamintuanbecauseofhisrefusaltobuymedicine
forher,andperformtheothertasksaskedofhimbyherrelatives.
[10]SeethefollowingAmericancaseswherethedoctrineoriginated:Kennyv.State,65L.R.A.316Rodgersv.State,30Tex.App.
510Brauerv.State,25Wis.413,ascitedinPeoplev.Oscar,48Phil.528(1925)
[11]G.R.No.104947,30June1994,233SCRA573.
[12]Peoplev.Bacalso,G.R.No.89811,22March1991,195SCRA557Peoplev.Hangdaan,G.R.No.90035,13September1991,201
SCRA568Peoplev.DelaPea,G.R.No.104947,30June1994,233SCRA573Peoplev.Clopino,G.R.No.117322,21May1998,
290SCRA432Peoplev.Quinaola,G.R.No.126148,5May1999.
[13]Peoplev.Navarro,G.R.No.96251,11May1993,221SCRA684.
[14]InPeoplev.Quinaola(G.R.No.126148,5May1999)theCourtheldtheword"touching"tobesynonymouswiththeentrybythe
penisintothelabiadeclaringthat"xxxthecrimeofrapeisdeemedconsummatedevenwhenthemanspenismerelyenteredthelabia
orlipsofthefemaleorgan,orasoncesaidinacase,bythemeretouchingoftheexternalgenitaliabythepeniscapableofsexualactx
xxx"
[15]Mishell,Stenchever,Droegemueller,HerbstComprehensiveGynecology,3rdEd.,1997,pp.4244.
[16]Peoplev.Escober,G.R.Nos.12298081,6November1997,281SCRA498Peoplev.Galimba,G.R.Nos.11156364,20
February1996,253SCRA722Peoplev.Sanchez,G.R.Nos.9840204,16November1995,250SCRA14Peoplev.Lazaro,G.R.
No.99263,12October1995,249SCRA234Peoplev.Rejano,G.R.Nos.10566970,18October1994,237SCRA627Peoplev.
Salinas,G.R.No.107204,6May1994,232SCRA274Peoplev.Palicte,G.R.No.101088,27January1994,229SCRA543People
v.Arce,G.R.Nos.10183334,20October1993,227SCRA406Peoplev.Garcia,G.R.No.92269,30July1993,244SCRA776
Peoplev.Tismo,No.L44773,4December1991,204SCRA535Peoplev.Mayoral,G.R.Nos.9609495,13November1991,203
SCRA528,Peoplev.Hangdaan,G.R.No.90035,13September1991,201SCRA568Peoplev.Caballes,G.R.Nos.9343745,12
July1991,199SCRA152Peoplev.Bacalso,G.R.No.89811,22March1991,195SCRA557.
[17]Peoplev.Clopino,G.R.No.117322,21May1998,290SCRA432.
[18]SeeNote4.
[19]Peoplev.Escober,G.R.Nos.12298081,6November1997,281SCRA498.
[20]TSN,7October1996,p.20.
[21]InDullav.CA(G.R.No.123164,18February2000)theCourtconsideredthetestimonyofachildagedthree(3)yearsandten
(10)monthsoldsufficientandcredibleevenifsheanswered"yes"or"no"toquestionspropoundedtoher.However,thevictimtherein,
whowasmuchyoungerthanCrysthelintheinstantcase,demonstratedwhatshemeantwhenunabletoarticulatewhatwasdonetoher,
evenmadegraphicdescriptionsoftheaccusedspenisanddemonstratedthepushandpullmovementmadebytheaccused.Yet
conspicuously,theCourtintheDullacasefoundtheaccusedguiltyonlyofactsoflasciviousnessonthebasisofcertaininconsistencies
inthetestimonyofthevictimonwhetherornotpetitionertookoffherunderwear.
[22]InPeoplev.Clopino(G.R.No.117322,21May1998)theCourtrejectedtheargumentoftheaccusedthatheshouldonlybe
convictedofeitherattemptedrapeoractsoflasciviousness.ItadoptedthereasoningoftheSolicitorGeneralanddeclaredthatitwas
impossibleforthepenisofaccusedappellantnottohavetouchedthelabiaofthepudendumintryingtopenetrateher.However,such
logicalconclusionwasdeducedinthelightofevidencepresentedthataccusedappellantmadedeterminedattemptstopenetrateand
inserthispenisintothevictimsvaginaandevenengagedherinforeplaybyinsertinghisfingerintohergenitalia.Thesameinference
cannotbemadeintheinstantcasebecauseofthevarianceinthefactualmilieu.
[23]Decisionsfindingtheaccusedguiltyofconsummatedrapeeveniftheattacker'spenismerelytouchedthefemaleexternalgenitalia
weremadeinthecontextofthepresenceofanerectpeniscapableoffullpenetration,failinginwhichtherecanbenoconsummated
rape(Peoplev.DelaPea,seeNote11)
[24]SeeNote16,p.21.
[25]Ibid.
[26]Peoplev.Villamayor,G.R.Nos.9747476,18July1991,199SCRA472Peoplev.Palicte,G.R.No.101088,27January1994,
229SCRA543Peoplev.Sanchez,G.R.Nos.9840204,16November1995,250SCRA14Peoplev.Gabris,G.R.No.116221,11
July1996,258SCRA663Peoplev.Gabayron,G.R.No.102018,21August1997,278SCRA78.

[27]
Q:WillyoutelltheCourt,whatdoyoumeanbythisNo.1conclusionappearinginExhibit"A"whichIquote"noevidentsignof
extragenitalphysicalinjurynotedonthebodyofthesubjectatthetimeoftheexamination?"

A:ThatmeansIwasnotabletoseeinjuriesoutsidethegenitalofthevictim,sir.

Q:Ipresumed(sic)thatyouconductedgenitalphysicalexaminationonthevictiminthiscase?

A:Yessir.

Q:Andyoualsomadetheresultofthegenitalphysicalexaminationshows(sic)thatthereisnoinjuryonanypartofthebodyofthe
patient,correct,Doctor?

A:Yessir.

Q:Therewasnomedicalbasisforsayingthatmighthaveacontactbetweenthepatientandtheaccusedinthiscase?

A:Yessir(TSN,8October1996,pp.34)