Single Stage Calculations

Engineers Handbook
1. OD
2. LBS/FT
1 foot 3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT

2 Single Stage Cementing

 Engineers Handbook
1. OD
2. LBS/FT
1 foot 3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT

1. OD outside casing
2. LBS/FT outside casing
1 foot 3. OD inside casing
4. CUFT/FT

3 Single Stage Cementing

 Engineers Handbook
1. OD
2. LBS/FT
1 foot 3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT

1. OD outside casing
2. LBS/FT outside casing
1 foot
3. OD inside casing
4. CUFT/FT

1. OD casing
1 foot 2. OH diameter
3. CUFT/FT

4 Single Stage Cementing

 Volumes to be Calculated : Step A
1. Casing in casing
1
Previous
Casing

Open Hole

3 Collar
Shoe

5 Single Stage Cementing

 Volumes to be Calculated : Step A
1. Casing in casing 1
Previous
Casing
2. Casing in open hole

2 Open Hole

3 Collar
Shoe

6 Single Stage Cementing

 Volumes to be Calculated : Step A
1. Casing in casing 1
Previous
Casing
2. Casing in open hole

3. Inside casing
(between collar and shoe)
2 Open Hole

3 Collar
3
Shoe

7 Single Stage Cementing

 Cement Calculations
z Volume of open hole below the casing shoe is not
calculated.
z Cement circulates out of the shoe and up the annulus.
z Any cement displacing the mud below by gravity is
considered negligible.

8 Single Stage Cementing

 Problem 1
Casing : 7 - 32 LB/Ft
Shoe : 4600
Collar : 4510
Previous casing : 9 5/8 - 47 LB/Ft
Shoe : 2670
Open hole : 8.5
Top of cement : 1000
Calculate Total Amount of Slurry Required in CuFt
9 Single Stage Cementing
 Solution
Capacities

1. Cas-Cas - 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH - 0.1268 cuft/ft 1000ft

1
3. Cas - 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

Volumes
2670ft

4510ft
3
3
4600ft

10 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution
Capacities

1. Cas-Cas - 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH - 0.1268 cuft/ft 1000ft

1
3. Cas - 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

Volumes
2670ft
1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft
2

4510ft
3
3
4600ft

11 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution
Capacities

1. Cas-Cas - 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH - 0.1268 cuft/ft 1000ft

1
3. Cas - 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

Volumes
2670ft
1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft
2
2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft
4510ft
3
3
4600ft

12 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution
Capacities

1. Cas-Cas - 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH - 0.1268 cuft/ft 1000ft

1
3. Cas - 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

Volumes
2670ft
1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft
2
2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft
4510ft
3
3
3. (4600ft - 4510ft) x 0.2025 cuft/ft = 18.2 cuft
4600ft

13 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution
Capacities

1. Cas-Cas - 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH - 0.1268 cuft/ft 1000ft

1
3. Cas - 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

Volumes
2670ft
1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft
2
2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft
4510ft
3
3
3. (4600ft - 4510ft) x 0.2025 cuft/ft = 18.2 cuft
4600ft
TOTAL VOLUME = 503.1 CUFT
14 Single Stage Cementing
 Excess

Excess in only calculated on Annular

Volume in THE OPEN HOLE

Only
Here

15 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1
z OH 50% Excess

z OH volume (2) of the previous problem: 244.7

cuft

z Excess Volume: 244.7 cuft x 50/100 = 122.35 cuft

Total OH Volume: 367.05 cuft

z OR 244.7 cuft x 1.50 = 367.05 cuft

16 Single Stage Cementing
 Slurry Yield - Step B

The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is

mixed with water is called

YIELD

17 Single Stage Cementing

 Slurry Yield - Step B
The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT
+

18 Single Stage Cementing

 Slurry Yield - Step B
The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT
+ WATER =

19 Single Stage Cementing

 Slurry Yield - Step B
The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT
+ WATER = SLURRY

The unit of slurry yield is cuft/sack

20 Single Stage Cementing

 Note:
1 sack of cement = 1 cuft
of 94 lbs

4.97 gals of water = 0.66 cuft

21 Single Stage Cementing

 Note:
1 sack of cement = 1 cuft
of 94 lbs

4.97 gals of water = 0.66 cuft

1 cuft + 0.66 cuft = 1.66 cuft

22 Single Stage Cementing

 Note:
1 sack of cement = 1 cuft
of 94 lbs But the
Handbook states:

4.97 gals of water = 0.66 cuft 1.15 cuft/sack

WHY ?
1 cuft + 0.66 cuft = 1.66 cuft

23 Single Stage Cementing

 Bulk volume vs Absolute volume
One drum full
of dry cement
(1 drum = 1 cuft)

Same size drum

0.66 of water

24 Single Stage Cementing

 Bulk volume vs Absolute volume
One drum full
of dry cement
(1 drum = 1 cuft)

Pour water
into cement
Same size drum
0.66 of water
Air in pore spaces will
be displaced by water

25 Single Stage Cementing

 Note
z Yield varies with density
Basically, when you change the density you alter the

z Water / Cement ratio

....this changes the yield

z Normally ........
as you increase the water content the yield increases
26 Single Stage Cementing
 Bentonite
API States:
Ideal Mix (15.8 ppg) Lightweight Slurry (12.8) ppg

1 cu/ft 4.97 gals 1 cu/ft 4.97 gals

Cement Water Cement Water

1.15 cuft/sack 12% Extra
BWOC Water

Bentonite

27 Single Stage Cementing

 Bentonite
API States:
Ideal Mix (15.8 ppg) Lightweight Slurry (12.8) ppg

1 cu/ft 4.97 gals 1 cu/ft 4.97 gals

Cement Water Cement Water

1.15 cuft/sack 12% Extra
BWOC Water

Bentonite 7.18 gals

Only 4.97 gals water is required for the cement.

A chemical has to be added to react with the extra water.
28 Single Stage Cementing
 Bentonite
z Bentonite is used in large quantities in oilfield slurries.
z As much as 25% BWOC is possible
z Offshore this presents a problem due to limited storage
capacities and dry blending facilities.
z If Bentonite is mixed with fresh mix water instead of being dry
blended only 1/4 of the amount is needed
This is called: PREHYDRATED BENTONITE
Example : Dry In Mix Water
2%BWOC 0.5%BWOC
4%BWOC 1% BWOC
10%BWOC 2.5%BWOC

29 Single Stage Cementing

 Handbook Gives:
Ref
Class G Neat - Density 15.8 lbs/gals Yield = 1.15 cuft/sack
700.06
Water 4.97 gals/sack
Ref
Class G + 6% D20 - Density 13.9 lbs/gals Yield = 1.655 cuft/sack
700.013
Water 8.56 gal/sx

30 Single Stage Cementing

 Step C - Cement Calculations
z If you know what volume of slurry a sack of cement
[YIELD] produces at a certain weight, you can
calculate the amount of sacks required when you
know a volume.

31 Single Stage Cementing

 Step C - Cement Calculations
z If you know what volume of slurry a sack of cement
[YIELD] produces at a certain weight, you can
calculate the amount of sacks required when you
know a volume.

VOLUME[cuft]
= Sacks
YIELD [cuft/sacks]

32 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] : 240.2 cuft Tail volume [2 + 3] :
367.05 cuft
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

33 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] : 240.2 cuft Tail volume [2 + 3] :
367.05 cuft
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

Use:
Lead Slurry : Class G + 6% D20 at 13.9 ppg
Tail Slurry Neat : Class G at 15.8 ppg

Cement volume Lead:

34 Single Stage Cementing
 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] : 240.2 cuft Tail volume [2 + 3] :
367.05 cuft
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft
Use:
Lead Slurry : 6% D20 at 13.9 ppg
Tail Slurry Neat : 15.8 ppg
Cement volume Lead:
Cement volume Tail:
240.2 cuft = 145.2
sacks
1.655 cuft/sack
35 Single Stage Cementing
 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] : 240.2 cuft Tail volume [2 + 3] : 367.05 cuft
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft
Use:
Lead Slurry : 6% D20 at 13.9 ppg
Tail Slurry Neat : 15.8 ppg
Cement volume Lead:
240.2 cuft = 145.2 sacks
1.655 cuft/sack
Cement volume Tail:

385.25 cuft = 335.0 sacks

36 Single Stage Cementing 1.15 cuft/sack
 Mix Water - Step D
z If you know the number of sacks then you find the
gal/sk of mix water required and multiply
z Mix Fluid = gal/sack x number of sacks

CONVERT TO BBLS

(Your displacement tanks are in bbls)

37 Single Stage Cementing

 Mix Water Quality
z In the laboratory, clean location water is used for
cement test. Test results are only obtainable in the
field when same water (= clean) is used.
z Causes for contamination:
Dirty rig tanks
Left over chemicals/mud in lines and pumps
Dirty displacement tanks

38 Single Stage Cementing

 Total Water Available
1. Calculated mix water for cement + 20% safety
+
2. Water (ahead, behind, CW, spacer)
+
20 bbls minimum (priming and washing up)
= TOTAL WATER NEEDED

39 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

40 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal
= 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl

41 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal
= 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl

Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal
= 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl

Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl

43 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal = 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl

Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal = 39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl

Total mix water 69.19 bbls

44 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal = 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal = 39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Total mix water 69.19 bbls
20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 = 13.84 bbls

45 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal = 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal = 39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Total mix water 69.19 bbls
20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 = 13.84 bbls
No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer 0 bbls

46 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal = 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal = 39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Total mix water 69.19 bbls
20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 = 13.84 bbls
No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer 0 bbls
Priming, washing up 20 bbls

47 Single Stage Cementing

 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead mix water 145sx x 8.56 gal/sx = 1241.2 gal = 29.55 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water 335sx x 4.97 ga/sx = 1664.95 gal = 39.64 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Total mix water 69.19 bbls
20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 = 13.84 bbls
No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer 0 bbls
Priming, washing up 20 bbls
Total water needed 103 bbls
48 Single Stage Cementing
 Additives - Step E
z Solid Additives
z Calculated as a % by weight of dry cement.
Except: Salt
Small amounts will not effect calculation
z Liquid Additives
z Calculated as gallons of additives per sack of bulk
cement
z Subtract total amount of liquid additives from amount
of mix fluid to have real amount of mix water.
49 Single Stage Cementing
 Example: Problem 1 (Continued)
Lead 6% D20 BWOC (145 sks)
Tail 0.2 gal/sack of D80 (335 sks)
Solid Additives
145 sacks x 94 lbs/sack x 6/100 = 817.8 lbs
Liquid Additives
335 sacks x 0.2 gal/sack = 67 gal
Note : Mix water of tail slurry will change
Mix fluid: 335sx x 4.97 gal/sk =1664.95 gal
Mix water = Mix fluid - liquid additives
1664.95 gal - 67 gal = 38.1 bbl
42 gal/bbl
50 Single Stage Cementing
 Displacement
z To FLOAT COLLAR unless otherwise stated
Exceptions
1. STAB-IN CEMENTING:
Displacement to 10-15 before stab-in shoe
Check returns - OK - pull out and circulate
2. GUIDE SHOE:
Displace to 20-30 before shoe
NEVER OVERDISPLACE

51 Single Stage Cementing

 Displacement
z To FLOAT COLLAR unless otherwise stated
Exceptions
1. STAB-IN CEMENTING:
Displacement to 10-15 before stab-in shoe
Check returns - OK - pull out and circulate
2. GUIDE SHOE:
Displace to 20-30 before shoe
NEVER OVERDISPLACE
52 Single Stage Cementing
 Estimated Job Time - Step G
MIXING TIME
+
DISPLACEMENT TIME
+
10 MINUTES (DROP PLUGS ...)

= ESTIMATION OF JOB TIME

1 1/2 HOUR (SAFETY)

= MINIMUM THICKENING TIME

53 Single Stage Cementing
 Estimated Job Time - Problem 1 (Continued)
z Mixing time + Displacement time + Plugs mixing time:

Lead 42.8 : 4 bpm 10.5 mins 11mins

Tail 68.6 : 8bpm 8.5 mins 9 mins
Displacement: 4510ft x 0.0361 bbl/ft = 162.8 bbl
: 12 bpm13.6 mins 14 mins
Dropping Plugs 10 mins
Total 44 mins

z To allow a safe margin to do this job we expect at least 1 hr extra for the
cement to be still pumpable after it is put in place.
ie, 1hrs 44 mins

54 Single Stage Cementing

 Examples - Example 1
Calculate : Slurry Volumes, Cement Volumes,
Mix Water, Additives, Displacement
Job Time
Well Data: 9 5/8 53.5 lb/ft casing, shoe at 9800,
collar at 9760, OH 12 1/4 + 25% excess,
previous casing 13 3/8 68 lb/ft at 2900
Slurries: Lead: 5 bpm 9300 - surface
Class G @ 12.8 ppg
12% BWOC Bentonite
0.3% BWOC D13
Tail: 3 bpm 9800 - 9300
Class G Neat @ 15.8 ppg
0.05% BWOC D28
0.5% BWOC D65
Displacement: 8 bpm
55 Single Stage Cementing
 Examples - Example 1
Calculate : Slurry Volumes, Cement Volumes,
Mix Water, Additives, Displacement
Job Time
13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft
Well Data: 9 5/8 53.5 lb/ft casing, shoe at 9800,
1
collar at 9760, OH 12 1/4 + 25% excess,
previous casing 13 3/8 68 lb/ft at 2900
Sluuries: Lead: 5 bpm 9300 - surface
Class G @ 12.8 ppg 2900'
12% BWOC Bentonite 9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft
2
0.3% BWOC D13 2
12 1/4" OH
Tail: 3 bpm 9800 - 9300 9300'
9760'
Class G Neat @ 15.8 ppg 3
4 3
0.05% BWOC D28 9800'

0.5% BWOC D65

Displacement: 8 bpm
56 Single Stage Cementing
 Solution - Example 1
z Capacities
CAS/CAS : 0.3354 cuft/ft
CAS OH : 0.3132 cuft/ft
CAS : 0.3973 cuft/ft , 0.0708 bbl/ft
z 1. Volumes

57 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 1
z Capacities
CAS/CAS : 0.3354 cuft/ft
CAS OH : 0.3132 cuft/ft
CAS : 0.3973 cuft/ft , 0.0708 bbl/ft
z 1. Volumes

Lead Tail
(1) 2900ft x 0.3354 cuft/ft = 972.7 cuft (3) 9800ft - 9300ft x 0.3132 cuft/ft = 156.cuft
(2) 9300ft - 2900ft x 0.3132 = 2004 cuft (4) 40ft x 0.3973 cuft/ft = 15.9 cuft

Excess = 2004 cuft x 0.25 = 501 cuft Excess 156.6 cuft x 0.25 = 39.2 cuft
Total = 3477 cuft Total = 211.7 cuft

58 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 1
Capacities
CAS/CAS :0.3354 CUFT/FT
CAS OH :0.3132 CUFT/FT
CAS : 0.3973 CUFT/FT, 0.0708 BBL/FT
1. Volumes

Lead Tail
(1) 2900ft x 0.3354 cuft/ft = 972.7 cuft (3) 9800ft - 9300ft x 0.3132 cuft/ft = 156.cuft
(2) 9300ft - 2900ft x 0.3132 = 2004 cuft (4) 40ft x 0.3973 cuft/ft = 15.9 cuft

Excess = 2004 cuft x 0.25 = 501 cuft Excess 156.6 cuft x 0.25 = 39.2 cuft
Total = 3477 cuft Total = 211.7 cuft

2. Yield
Handbook 700.013 2.165 cuft/sk (lead)
700.006 1.15 cuft/sk (tail)
59 Single Stage Cementing
 Solution - Example 1
z 3. Cement
Lead : 3477 cuft = 1606 sacks
2.165 cuft/sk
Tail : 211.7 cuft = 184 sacks
1.15 cuft/sk
z 4. Mix Fluid
Lead : 1606sk x 12.15 gals/sk = 464.5 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail : 184sk x 4.97 gals/sk = 21.8 bbls
42 gal/bbl
60 Single Stage Cementing
 Solution - Example 1
z 5. Additives
Lead : D20 : 1606sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.12 = 18116 lbs
D13 : 1606sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.003 = 453 lbs
Tail : D28 : 184sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.0005 = 8.6 lbs
D65 : 184sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.005 = 86 lbs

61 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 1
z 6. Displacement
9760ft x 0.0708 bbl/ft = 691 bbls

z 7. Job Thickening Time

Lead 3477 cuft = 124 min
5.6146 cuft/bbl x 5 bpm
Tail : 211.7 cuft = 13 min
5.6146 cuft/bbl x 3 bpm
Displacement: 691 bbls = 86 min
8 bpm
Drop Plugs = 10 min
Safety = 60 min
298 min
Minimum TT is 4 hrs 53 min

62 Single Stage Cementing

Data :
Example 2
Casing : 9 5/8, 53.5 lbs/ft, 8600
7, 29 lbs/ft, 14300
Float collar - 14230
Open hole : 8 1/2
Section from 10200 - 10800 : 9
Cement : Lead : - Top surface @ 7 bpm
- G at 13.5 ppg
- 0.05 gals/sk D109
- 0.1 gals/sk D80
- 8% BWOC - D20
Tail : - 250 sacks @ 5 bpm
- Class G @ 15.7 ppg
- 30% BWOC D66
- 0.1 gals/sk D81
- 0.5 gals/sk D603
Calculate : Slurry Volume Cement Volume
Mix water Additives
Displacement @ 7 bpm Job Time

63 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 2
9 5/8" , 53.5 lbs/ft
1

8600'
8.5" OH
2 7", 29 lbs/ft
2 10200'
3 9" OH
10800'
44
3 11507'

5 14230'
6
14300'

64 Single Stage Cementing

z Capacities
Solution - Example 2
CAS/CAS : 0.1301 cuft/ft CAS OH : 0.1268 cuft/ft
CAS/OHX : 0.1745 cuft/ft CAS : 0.2086 cuft/ft , 0.0371 bbl/ft
z 1. Volumes
Tail : Yield is 1.475 cuft/sk
250 sacks
---> 250 x 1.475 = 368.75 cuft
Volume (5) + (6) = 368.75 cuft
(6) = 70 x 0.2086 = 14.6 cuft
(5) = 368.75 - 14.6 = 354.15 cuft
Height in annulus 354.15 cuft = 2793
0.1268 cuft/ft
14300 - 2793' = 11, 507'
Lead: Surface - 11, 507'
(1) 8600 x 0.1301 = 1118.86 cuft
(2) (10200 - 8600) x 0.1268 = 202.88 cuft
(3) (10800 - 10200) x 0.1745 = 104.70 cuft
(4) (11507 - 10800) x 0.1268 = 89.64 cuft
Total Lead = 1516.1 cu ft

65 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 2
z 2. Cement sacks
Lead : Handbook : 13.5 ppg
Class"G"
8% D20
Yield = 1.825 cuft/Sk
1516.1 cuft = 830.7 = 831 sacks
1.825 cuft/sack
Tail : 250 sacks

z 3. Mix fluid
Lead : 831sk x 9.76 gal/sk = 193.1 bbls
42 gal/bbl
Tail : 250 sks x 6.15 gals/sk = 36.6 bbls
42 gal/bbl
66 Single Stage Cementing
 z 4. Additives
Solution - Example 2
Lead: D20 : 831 sks x 94 x 0.08 = 6249 lbs
D109 : 831 sks x 0.05 gals/sk = 41.5 gals
D80 : 831 sks x 0.1 gals/sk = 83.1 gals
Total fluid = 124.6 gals
Tail:D66 : 250 sks x 94 x 0.3 = 7050 lbs
D81 : 250 sks x 0.1 gals/sk = 25 gals
D603 : 250 sks x 0.5 gals/sk = 125 gals
Total fluid = 150 gals

z 5. Mix water
Lead: 193.bbls - 124.6gal = 190.1 bbls
42gal/bbl
Tail: 36.6bbls - 150gal = 33.0 bbls
42gal/bbl

67 Single Stage Cementing

 Solution - Example 2
z 6. Displacement
14230ft' x 0.0371 bbl/ft = 527.9 bbl

z 7. Job Thickening Time

Lead : 270 bbls : 7 bpm = 38.5 min

Tail : 65.7 bbls : 5 bpm = 13.1 min
Plugs : = 10 min
Displacement 527.9 bbls : 7 bpm = 75 min
Safety Margin : = 60 min

Min TT is 3 hrs 16 min

68 Single Stage Cementing

 Job Pressures
z Example No 1
13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft
z Tail Slurry at 15.8 ppg 1

Top of Tail at 9300 Ft

Lead slurry at 12.8 ppg to
2900'
surface
2 9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft
z Displace with 11.5 ppg Mud 2
12 1/4" OH
9300'
z Find differential pressure at 3
9760'
4 3
end of Job 9800'

69 Single Stage Cementing

 Hydrostatic Pressure Calcs
Tubing Hydrostatic
13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft
z Mud Hydrostatic
Pmud = 11.5 x 9760 x 0.052 1
Pmud = 5836 psi
Annular Hydrostatic
z Tail Slurry Hydrostatic
PTail = 15.8 x(9760 - 9300)x 0.052
2900'
PTail = 378 psi
z Lead Slurry Hydrostatic 2 9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft
2
PLead= 12.8 x 9300 x 0.052 12 1/4" OH
9300'
PLead = 6190 psi
9760'
z Differential pressure 3
4 3
PDiff= Annular Hyd. - Tubing Hyd. 9800'
z = (6190 +378) - 5836
PDiff = 732 psi = Surface pump
pressure
70 Single Stage Cementing
 Long String Cement Calcs
z Primary Cement Job
9 5/8 Csg , 40 lbs/ft
13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Shoe @ 9980 - Collar @ 9900 Mud @ 11.3 ppg
1
Tail slurry @ 15.8 ppg to 9480
Lead slurry @ 12.8 ppg to 2100 2100 Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg
50 Bbls Chemical Wash ahead.
Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
z Previous Casing
3150'
13 3/8 Csg ,77 lbs/ft
Shoe @ 3150 2 9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
2
z 12 1/4 OH - Assume 10% Excess. 12 1/4" OH
9480'
Find Lead, Tail and Displacement 9900'
Volumes required. 3
4 3 Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'
Calculate Differential pressure at
the end of the job (ignore
friction).
71 Single Stage Cementing
 Long String Cement Calcs - Solution
z Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft 13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft Mud @ 11.3 ppg
1
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758 bbls/ft
z Tail volume = Vol of Shoe track 2100 Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg
+ Vol outside csg (with XS)
= 0.0758 x (9980 - 9900) Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
+ 0.0558 x (9980 - 9480) x 1.10
3150'
= 6.06 + 30.69 = 36.75 = 37 Bbls
= 206.3 cuft 2 9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
z Lead volume = Vol in Csg/OH Ann (with XS) 2
12 1/4" OH
+ Vol in Csg/Csg Ann 9480'
= 0.0558 x (9480 - 3150) x 1.10 9900'
3
4 3 Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
+ 0.0564 x (3150 - 2100)
9980'
= 388.53 + 59.22 = 447.75
= 448 Bbls
= 2514.04 cuft
72 Single Stage Cementing
 Long String Cement Calcs - Solution
z Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft 13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758 1 Mud @ 11.3 ppg

bbls/ft
2100
z Displacement volume = Csg Vol to Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg
float
Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
collar
= 0.0758 x 9900 3150'

= 750 Bbls 2 9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft

z Differential pressure at end of Job : 2
12 1/4" OH
= Hydrostatic of Lead and tail cement 9480'
columns + Hydrostatic of wash + 9900'
3
4 3 Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
Hydrostatic of remaining mud in 9980'
annulus LESS Hydrostatic of
displacing fluid + Hydrostatic of Tail
cement in shoe joint
73 Single Stage Cementing
 Long String Cement Calcs - Solution
z Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft 13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft Mud @ 11.3 ppg
1
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758
bbls/ft 2100 Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg
z Height of Chemical wash in Csg/Csg
Ann Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
= 50 / 0.0564 3150'
= 886 ft
2 9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
Height of Tail = 9980 - 9480 = 500 ft 2
Height of Lead = 9480 - 2100 = 7380 ft 12 1/4" OH
9480'
Height of Chem Wash = 886 ft 9900'
z Remainder is Mud behind casing 3
4 3 Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
= 9900 - (420 + 7380 + 886) 9980'

= 1214 ft

74 Single Stage Cementing

 Long String Cement Calcs - Solution
z Annulus hydrostatic is total of Cement
slurries + Chem Wash + Mud :
= 15.8 x 500 x 0.052 ( =Tail slurry) 13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
+ 12.8 x 7380 x 0.052 ( = Lead slurry) 1 Mud @ 11.3 ppg
+ 8.4 x 886 x 0.052 (= Chem Wash)
+ 11.3 x 1214 x 0.052 ( Mud in Ann) 2100 Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg
= 410 + 4912 + 387 + 713
= 6423 psi
Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
z Hydrostatic inside casing :
= 11.3 x 9900 x 0.052 (=Mud, disp.) 3150'
+ 15.8 x 80 x 0.052 (=Tail slurry)
2 9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
= 5817 + 65.7 = 5883 psi
z Differential pressure at float collar :
2
12 1/4" OH
= psi outside csg - psi inside csg 9480'
= 6423 - 5883 9900'
= 540 psi 3
4 3 Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'

75 Single Stage Cementing