1

1. Expand (1 3 x) in ascending powers of x up to and including the terms in x . State the range of validity for this
3 5

expansion. [4 marks]
1
By taking x , find 3
5 correct to 3 decimal place. [3 marks]
8

Answer:

1.
 1
1. Express = in partial fractions. Hence or otherwise, find [3 mark]
(+1)
a) =1 [2 mark]
b) =1 [2 mark]

1
2. = (+1) = + +1

(+1)+
= 1 = ( + 1) + , = 0, = 1 = 1, = 1
(+1)

1 1 1
= =
( + 1) + 1####

a)
=1 = 1 +

2 + 1 1
+
1 2

3 + 1 1
+
2 3

4 + 1 1 1 1
4 + 1 (+1) b)
=1 1 = 1###
3 ### (+1)

+
1 1
5 +
4

1 +

1 1
(1)
+

1 1
(+1)

 (1+3)2
a) Express 1 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in 3 .
(12)2
State the range of values of x for which the expansion is valid.
1
By using the substitution = 9, find an approximation value of 7 in the form , where p and q are
positive integers. [7 marks]

b) Find the sum of the first n terms of the series

1 1 1 1
+ + + + .. [5 marks]
3(4) 4(5) 5(6) 6(7)

Answer:
(1+3)2 1
a) 1 = (1 + 3)2 (1 2)2
(12)2
1 3 1 3 5
1 ( )( ) ( )( )( )
=(1 + 6 + 9 2 ) [1 + ( 2) (2) + 2 2
(2)2 + 2 2 2
(2)3 + ][M1]
2! 3!
3 5
= (1 + 6 + 9 2 ) [1 + + 2 2 + 2 3 + ]
3 5
= 1 + 6 + 9 2 + + 6 2 + 9 3 + 2 2 + 9 3 + 2 3 + [M1]
33 41
= 1 + 7 + 2 + 3 + [A1]
2 2

The expansion of (1 + 3)2 is valid for all real values of x.

1
1
The expansion of (1 2)2 is valid for |2| < 1 or || < 2 [B1] either one

(1+3)2 1 1
The expansion of 1 is valid for {: 2 < < 2} [A1]
(12)2

1 2
(1+3[ ])
9 1 33 1 2 41 1 3
1 1 + 7 [ 9] + [ 9] + [ 9] [M1]
1 2 2
(12[ ])2
9
16
9 1465

7 729

9
16 1465

37 729
3888
7 1465 [A1]
1 1 1 1
b) + 4(5) + 5(6) + 6(7) + ..
3(4)

1
= [3+(1)1][4+(1)1]
1
= (+2)(+3) [B1]

1 1 1
(+2)(+3)
+2 +3 [A1]

1 1
When r = n: +2
+3
1 1
r = n 1: +2
+1
1 1
r = n 2: +1

.
.
.
1 1
r = 3:
The roots of the cubic equation 2x3 + kx2 27x + 54 = 0 form three consecutive terms
of geometric progression. Find the possible three consecutive terms.
Hence, obtain the value of k.
Answer:
Let the three consecutive terms be a, b and c.

b = ar and c = ar2

2(x a) (x b)(x c) = 0
2x3 2(a + b + c)x2 + 2(ab + ac + bc)x 2abc = 2x3 + kx2 27x + 54 M1

k = 2(a + b + c), 2(ab + ac + bc) = 27, 2abc = 54 A1

2(a2r + a2r2 + a2r3) = 27, (ar)3 = 27 ar = 3

2(3)(3)(1 + r + r2) = 27r M1
2 + 5r + 2r2 = 0
(2 + r)(1 + 2r) = 0

r = 2 , A1
When r = 2, a = 3/2, b = 3, c = 6
When r = , a = 6 , b = 3, c = 3/2 B1

k = 2(a + b + c) = 9 B1
The sum, Sn of the first n terms of a series is given by Sn = kn + mn2.
1
Given that S2 = 8 and S5 = 32 .
2
(a) Find the values of k and n. [4 marks]
(b) Find the nth term of the series. [3 marks]
(c) Show that the series is an arithmetic progression and find its
common difference. [3 marks]
 2n 2 2n
a) Evaluate lim . (2 marks)
n 5n 2 n

5
b) Write down the terms of (r 2)( r 4).
r 1
(2 marks)
 5 2 9+4
(a) Express in partial fractions. [4 marks]
(+3)(2 2 +1)
3 5 2 9+4
(b) Hence, evaluate 1 (+3)(2 2 +1)
by giving your answer correct to three
significant figures. [5 marks]

2 5 2 9+4 + B1
(a) (+3)(2 2 +1) = +3 + 22 +1

5 2 9 + 4 = (2 2 + 1) + ( + )( + 3)
x = -3, 76 = 19A
A=4
x = 0, 4 = 4 + 3C
C=0 M1A1
Equate the coefficient of 2 , B = -3
5 2 9 + 4 4 3
2
= 2
( + 3)(2 + 1) + 3 2 + 1 A1

3 5 2 9+4 3 4 3 M1
(b) 1 (+3)(2 2 +1)
= 1 [ 2 ]
+3 2 +1
3
4 3 3 4
=
1 +3 4 1 2 2 + 1 M1A1
3 3
2
=[4| + 3| 4
|2 + 1|] M1
1
= 0.237 A1

Expand (1 + )8 in ascending powers of y, up to and including the term in 3 . [2 marks]

In the expansion of (1 + + 2 )8 in ascending powers of x, the coefficient of

3 is zero. Find the value of the constant k. [3 marks]

(8)(7) (8)(7)(6) M1
(1 + )8 = 1 + 8 + 2!
(y)2 + 3! (y)3+.
A1
= 1 + 8 + 28 2 + 56 3 +
Let = + 2 ,
Hence,
(1 + ( + ))8 = 1 + 8( + 2 ) + 28( + 2 )2 + 56( + 2 )3 + M1
= + 28( . +2 3 + ) + 56( 3 + )
= (56 + 56) 3 + A1
As coefficient of 3 is zero,
56 + 56 = 0
= 1 A1

(5 marks)
A geometric series has common ratio r, and an arithmetic series has first term a and common difference d, where a and d are
non-zero. The first three terms of the geometric series are equal to the first, fourth and sixth terms respectively of the arithmetic
series.
(a) Show that 3r2 5r + 2 = 0. [4 marks]
(b) Deduce that the geometric series is convergent and find, in terms of a, the sum
to infinity. [5 marks]
(c) The sum of the first n terms of the arithmetic series is denoted by S. Given that a > 0,
find the set of possible values of n for which S exceeds 4a. [6 marks]
(a) A.P : , . , + 3, , + 5, .
G.P : , , 2 , .
Comparing the terms
+ 3 = (1) B1
2
+ 5 = ..(2)
From (1),
1
=1+3 = M1
3

From (2),
2 1
=1+5 =
5
Equating (1) and (2),
1 2 1 M1
=
3 5
2
3 5 + 2 = 0 (shown) A1

(b) 3 2 5 + 2 = 0
( 1)(3 2) = 0
2
= 1 or = A1
3
Note that 1 as d is non-zero and the first three terms of the GP are B1
different.
2 B1
Hence, = 3. Since || < 1, the geometric series is convergent.

= = 3 M1
2
13 A1

(c) If S > 4a,

(2 + ( 1) > 4
2
M1
(2 + ( 1) > 4
2
1 1
From part 1(a), = 3 = 9 M1
(1)
Therefore, (2 ) > 4,
2 9
18 ( 1) > 72
2 19 + 72 < 0 M1

5.23 13.77
M1

. 23 < < 13.77

As Z, = {: 16 13} A1
A1
 x2 x 1
It is given that f ( x) .
( x 2)( x 3)

(a) Express f (x) in partial fractions. [6 marks]

1
(b) Hence, obtain an expansion of f (x) in ascending powers of up to
x
1
The term in 3
. [6 marks]
x
(c) Determine the set of values of x for which this expansion is valid.

[3 marks]