Annex D (normative) Effective lengths of columms in simple structures D.1 Columns for single storey buildings D.1.1 Typical cases ‘The ottectig length of colwans for single stneey buildings of simple dessgn, design, sve 3.1.2.2, should be detormined by reference to the typical casos illustrated in Figure 1.1 to Figure D.5, provided that the a) In the plane of the diagram the columns act as cantilevers tied together by the roof trasees, but in this plane the topa of the columns are not otherwise held in position or restrained in direction. 2) Pespendicatar on the plane of the diagram, the tops of the columns are effectively held in position by Ce eee ce ae eye by otber enitable moana. [n the cove of Figure D.3 to Figure D.5 the braged bay aleo hplds the columns in position st crane girder lovel. ) Tho bases of the columns are effectively held in position and restrained in direction in both planes. .® The foundations are capable of providing reatraint commensurate with that provided by the base. D.1.2 Variations Whare the conditions differ from those detailed in D.1.1, the following modifications should be made to the effective shown in Figare D.1 to Figure D.5. If, in the plane of the diagram, the tops of the columns are effectively held in position by horizontal. or other suitable means, the effective lengths in this plane should be obtained from Table 22a). ») 16 in the plane of the diagram, the roof truse or other roof member is connected to the columns by = connection capable of transatitting appreciable moment, the effective length of the stanchion in ee oe canercting spore anes g. OIC pecpendicnlar to the plane of the diagram. one flange caly of of the stanchion is restrained at intervals by sheeting rails, then for buckling out-of-plane the method given in Annex G should be used. perpendicular to the plane of the diagram, the base of the column is not effectively restrained in arent tnt effective lengthe O.85L or 0.561, ia Figure D.1 to Figure D.B ehould be increased to 1.0L oreae feeble eet ieeiieedieedieakiontient eckianbbastiantiond | Effective length of column: dais X-X= 15L Aois ¥ - Y= 0.852 Figure D.1 — Side column without intermodiate lateral restrainty--—.- of restraint five Length of column: meee Mae YY OMSL, fOlgor ty hn flanges wiicheveris the greatest lateral restrain Figure D.2 — Side column = -Effective tength of column: X= 15h Asis X- weds Y -¥ = 0.851, Figure D.3 — Simple side column with crane gantry beamsdais Y-¥*¥,-Yo= Ly Lower roof column ‘dis B-B= 0.85 Mais ¥ ~ Y= Ly Ly by oF Ls ‘whichever is the greatest Crane column faisB-B=O.85L dais Y,~Y *hg by Ly or ky whichever is the greatest Combined roof and crane column: Asis A~A= 1.5L dois B - B= 0.852 Figure D.4 — Compound side column with crane gantry beamsdais dais A-A=15L, Grane column Axis B- B= 085L bois ¥-Y=Ly by Ly 0r Ly whichever is the greatest Combined crane column Axis A-A= 151 dis B- B= 0.5L | | A Figure D.5 — Compound valley column with crane gantry beams