APPENDIX A: TABLES

TABLE A-1 PROPERTIES OF WATER IN SI UNITS

Viscosity Vapor Pressure

Heat of
Temperature Specific Density
Vaporization
(C) Gravity (g/cm3) Absolute Kinematic
(cal/g) (mm Hg) (mb) (g/cm2)
(cp) (cs)

0 0.99987 0.99984 597.3 1.790 1.790 4.58 6.11 6.23

5 0.99999 0.99996 594.5 1.520 1.520 6.54 8.72 8.89

10 0.99973 0.99970 591.7 1.310 1.310 9.20 12.27 12.51

15 0.99913 0.99910 588.9 1.140 1.140 12.78 17.04 17.38

20 0.99824 0.998211 586.0 1.000 1.000 17.53 23.37 23.83

25 0.99708 0.99705 583.2 0.890 0.893 23.76 31.67 32.20

30 0.99568 0.99565 580.4 0.798 0.801 31.83 42.43 43.27

35 0.99407 0.99404 577.6 0.719 0.723 42.18 56.24 57.34

40 0.99225 0.99222 574.7 0.653 0.658 55.34 73.78 75.23

50 0.98807 0.98804 569.0 0.547 0.554 92.56 123.40 125.83

 60 0.98323 0.98320 563.2 0.466 0.474 149.46 199.26 203.19

70 0.97780 0.97777 557.4 0.404 0.413 233.79 311.69 317.84

80 0.97182 0.97179 551.4 0.355 0.365 355.28 473.67 483.01

90 0.96534 0.96531 545.3 0.315 0.326 525.89 701.13 714.95

100 0.95839 0.95836 539.1 0.282 0.294 760.00 1013.25 1033.23

Source: Linsley, R. K. et al. (1982). Hydrology for Engineers. 3d. ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.

TABLE A-2 PROPERTIES OF WATER IN U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS

Viscosity 1 Vapor Pressure

Heat of
Temperature Specific Density
Vaporization
(F) Gravity (lb/ft3) Absolute Kinematic
(Btu/lb) (in Hg) (mb) (lb/in2)
(lbs/ft2) (ft2/s)

32 0.99986 62.418 1075.5 3.746 1.931 0.180 6.11 0.089

40 0.99998 62.426 1071.0 3.229 1.664 0.248 8.39 0.122

50 0.99971 62.409 1065.3 2.735 1.410 0.362 12.27 0.178

60 0.99902 62.366 1059.7 2.359 1.217 0.522 17.66 0.256

70 0.99798 62.301 1054.0 2.050 1.058 0.739 25.03 0.363

80 0.99662 62.216 1048.4 1.799 0.930 1.032 34.96 0.507

90 0.99497 62.113 1042.7 1.595 0.826 1.422 48.15 0.698

100 0.99306 61.994 1037.1 1.424 0.739 1.933 65.47 0.950

120 0..98856 61.713 1025.6 1.168 0.609 3.448 116.75 1.693

140 0.98321 61.379 1014.0 0.981 0.514 5.884 199.26 2.890

160 0.97714 61.000 1002.2 0.838 0.442 9.656 326.98 4.742

180 0.97041 60.580 990.2 0.726 0.386 15.295 517.95 7.512

200 0.96306 60.121 977.9 0.637 0.341 23.468 794.72 11.526

212 0.95837 59.828 970.3 0.593 0.319 29.921 1013.25 14.696

1 -5
To obtain values of viscosity, multiply values shown in Table by 10 .
Source: Linsley, R. K. et al. (1982). Hydrology for Engineers. 3d. ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.

TABLE A-3 FACTOR p IN BLANEY-CRIDDLE METHOD1

Latitude
North Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
South July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

60 0.15 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.41 0.40 0.34 0.28 0.22 0.17 0.13

50 0.19 0.23 0.27 0.31 0.34 0.36 0.35 0.32 0.28 0.24 0.20 0.18

40 0.22 0.24 0.27 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.33 0.31 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.21

30 0.24 0.25 0.27 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.23
 20 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.26 0.25 0.25

10 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26

0 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27
1
p = [(mean daily daytime hours for a given month) / (total daytime hours in a year)] 100

TABLE A-4 FACTOR K IN THORNTHWAITE METHOD1

Latitude Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

60N 0.54 0.67 0.97 1.19 1.33 1.56 1.55 1.33 1.07 0.84 0.58 0.48

50N 0.71 0.84 0.98 1.14 1.28 1.36 1.33 1.21 1.06 0.90 0.76 0.68

40N 0.80 0.89 0.99 1.10 1.20 1.25 1.23 1.15 1.04 0.93 0.83 0.78

30N 0.87 0.93 1.00 1.07 1.14 1.17 1.16 1.11 1.03 0.96 0.89 0.85

20N 0.92 0.96 1.00 1.05 1.09 1.11 1.10 1.07 1.02 0.98 0.93 0.91

10N 0.97 0.98 1.00 1.03 1.05 1.06 1.05 1.04 1.02 0.99 0.97 0.96

0 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

10S 1.05 1.04 1.02 0.99 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.98 1.00 1.03 1.05 1.06

20S 1.10 1.07 1.02 0.98 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.96 1.00 1.05 1.09 1.11

30S 1.16 1.11 1.03 0.96 0.89 0.85 0.87 0.93 1.00 1.07 1.14 1.17

40S 1.23 1.15 1.04 0.93 0.83 0.78 0.80 0.89 0.99 1.10 1.20 1.25

50S 1.33 1.19 1.05 0.89 0.75 0.68 0.70 0.82 0.97 1.13 1.27 1.36
1
K = Constant to correct PET for latitudes other than 0 (Eq. 2-46).

TABLE A-5 VALUES OF F (z) (AREAS UNDER HALF OF THE NORMAL PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION,
Eq. 6-11) VERSUS FREQUENCY FACTOR z (DOUBLE-ENTRY TABLE)

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09

0.0 0.0000 0.0040 0.0080 0.0120 0.0159 0.0199 0.0239 0.0279 0.0319 0.0359

0.1 0.0398 0.0438 0.0478 0.0517 0.0557 0.0596 0.0636 0.0675 0.0714 0.0753

0.2 0.0793 0.0832 0.0871 0.0910 0.0948 0.0987 0.1026 0.1064 0.1103 0.1141

0.3 0.1179 0.1217 0.1255 0.1293 0.1331 0.1368 0.1406 0.1443 0.1480 0.1517

0.4 0.1554 0.1591 0.1628 0.1664 0.1700 0.1736 0.1772 0.1808 0.1844 0.1879

0.5 0.1915 0.1950 0.1985 0.2019 0.2054 0.2088 0.2123 0.2157 0.2190 0.2224

0.6 0.2257 0.2291 0.2324 0.2357 0.2389 0.2422 0.2454 0.2486 0.2518 0.2549

0.7 0.2580 0.2611 0.2642 0.2673 0.2704 0.2734 0.2764 0.2794 0.2823 0.2852

0.8 0.2881 0.2910 0.2939 0.2967 0.2995 0.3023 0.3051 0.3078 0.3106 0.3133

0.9 0.3159 0.3186 0.3212 0.3238 0.3264 0.3289 0.3315 0.3340 0.3365 0.3389
 1.0 0.3413 0.3438 0.3461 0.3485 0.3508 0.3531 0.3554 0.3577 0.3599 0.3621

1.1 0.3643 0.3665 0.3686 0.3708 0.3729 0.3749 0.3770 0.3790 0.3810 0.3830

1.2 0.3849 0.3869 0.3888 0.3907 0.3925 0.3944 0.3962 0.3980 0.3997 0.4015

1.3 0.4032 0.4049 0.4066 0.4082 0.4099 0.4115 0.4131 0.4147 0.4162 0.4177

1.4 0.4192 0.4207 0.4222 0.4236 0.4251 0.4265 0.4279 0.4292 0.4306 0.4319

1.5 0.4332 0.4345 0.4357 0.4370 0.4382 0.4394 0.4406 0.4418 0.4430 0.4441

1.6 0.4452 0.4463 0.4474 0.4485 0.4495 0.4505 0.4515 0.4525 0.4535 0.4545

1.7 0.4554 0.4564 0.4573 0.4582 0.4591 0.4599 0.4608 0.4616 0.4625 0.4633

1.8 0.4641 0.4649 0.4656 0.4664 0.4671 0.4678 0.4686 0.4693 0.4699 0.4706

1.9 0.4713 0.4719 0.4726 0.4732 0.4738 0.4744 0.4750 0.4756 0.4762 0.4767

2.0 0.4772 0.4778 0.4783 0.4788 0.4793 0.4798 0.4803 0.4808 0.4812 0.4817

2.1 0.4821 0.4826 0.4830 0.4834 0.4838 0.4842 0.4846 0.4850 0.4854 0.4857

2.2 0.4861 0.4865 0.4868 0.4871 0.4875 0.4878 0.4881 0.4884 0.4887 0.4890

2.3 0.4893 0.4896 0.4898 0.4901 0.4904 0.4906 0.4909 0.4911 0.4913 0.4916

2.4 0.4918 0.4920 0.4922 0.4925 0.4927 0.4929 0.4931 0.4932 0.4934 0.4936

2.5 0.4938 0.4940 0.4941 0.4943 0.4945 0.4946 0.4948 0.4949 0.4951 0.4952

2.6 0.4953 0.4955 0.4956 0.4757 0.4959 0.4960 0.4961 0.4962 0.4963 0.4964

2.7 0.4965 0.4966 0.4967 0.4968 0.4969 0.4970 0.4971 0.4972 0.4973 0.4974

2.8 0.4974 0.4975 0.4976 0.4977 0.4977 0.4978 0.4979 0.4980 0.4980 0.4981

2.9 0.4981 0.4982 0.4983 0.4983 0.4984 0.4984 0.4985 0.4985 0.4986 0.4986

3.0 0.4987 0.4987 0.4987 0.4988 0.4988 0.4989 0.4989 0.4989 0.4990 0.4990
Source: Weatherburn, C. E. (1957). Mathematical Statistics. Cambridge University Press.

TABLE A-6 FREQUENCY FACTORS K FOR PEARSON TYPE III DISTRIBUTIONS VERSUS SKEW
COEFFICIENT CS AND RETURN PERIOD T (OR PROBABILITY OF EXCEEDENCE P)

Return Period T (y)

Skew 1.05 1.11 1.25 2 5 10 25 50 100 200

Coeff.
Cs Probability of Exceedence (percent)

95 90 80 50 20 10 4 2 1 0.5

3.0 -0.665 -0.660 -0.636 -0.396 0.420 1.180 2.278 3.152 4.051 4.970

2.8 -0.711 -0.702 -0.666 -0.384 0.460 1.210 2.275 3.114 3.973 4.847

2.6 -0.762 -0.747 -0.696 -0.368 0.499 1.238 2.267 3.071 3.889 4.718

2.4 -0.819 -0.795 -0.725 -0.351 0.537 1.262 2.256 3.023 3.800 4.584
 2.2 -0.882 -0.844 -0.752 -0.330 0.574 1.284 2.240 2.970 3.075 4.444

2.0 -0.949 -0.895 -0.777 -0.307 0.609 1.302 2.219 2.192 3.605 4.398

1.8 -1.020 -0.945 -0.799 -0.282 0.643 1.318 2.193 2.848 3.499 4.147

1.6 -1.093 -0.994 -0.817 -0.254 0.675 1.329 2.163 2.780 3.388 3.990

1.4 -1.168 -1.041 -0.832 -0.225 0.705 1.337 2.128 2.706 3.271 3.828

1.2 -1.243 -1.086 -0.844 -0.195 0.732 1.340 2.087 2.626 3.149 3.661

1.0 -1.317 -1.128 -0.852 -0.164 0.758 1.340 2.043 2.542 3.022 3.489

0.8 -1.388 -1.166 -0.856 -0.132 0.780 1.336 1.993 2.453 2.891 3.312

0.6 -1.458 -1.200 -0.857 -0.099 0.800 1.328 1.939 2.359 2.755 3.132

0.4 -1.524 -1.231 -0.855 -0.066 0.816 1.317 1.880 2.261 2.615 2.949

0.2 -1.586 -1.258 -0.850 -0.033 0.830 1.301 1.818 2.159 2.472 2.763

0.0 -1.645 -1.282 -0.842 0.000 0.842 1.282 1.751 2.054 2.326 2.576

-0.2 -1.700 -1.301 -0.830 0.033 0.850 1.258 1.680 1.945 2.178 2.388

-0.4 -1.750 -1.317 -0.816 0.066 0.855 1.231 1.606 1.834 2.029 2.201

-0.6 -1.797 -1.328 -0.800 0.099 0.857 1.200 1.528 1.720 1.880 2.016

-0.8 -1.839 -1.336 -0.780 0.132 0.856 1.166 1.448 1.606 1.733 1.837

-1.0 -1.877 -1.340 -0.758 0.164 0.852 1.128 1.366 1.492 1.588 1.664

-1.2 -1.910 -1.340 -0.732 0.195 0.844 1.086 1.282 1.379 1.449 1.501

-1.4 -1.938 -1.337 -0.705 0.225 0.832 1.041 1.198 1.270 1.318 1.351

-1.6 -1.962 -1.329 -0.675 0.254 0.817 0.994 1.116 1.166 1.197 1.216

-1.8 -1.981 -1.318 -0.643 0.282 0.799 0.945 1.035 1.069 1.087 1.097

-2.0 -1.996 -1.302 -0.609 0.307 0.777 0.895 0.959 0.980 0.990 0.995

-2.2 -2.006 -1.284 -0.574 0.330 0.752 0.844 0.888 0.900 0.905 0.907

-2.4 -2.011 -1.262 -0.537 0.351 0.725 0.795 0.823 0.830 0.832 0.833

-2.6 -2.013 -1.238 -0.499 0.368 0.696 0.747 0.764 0.768 0.769 0.769

-2.8 -2.010 -1.210 -0.460 0.384 0.666 0.702 0.712 0.714 0.714 0.714

-3.0 -2.003 -1.180 -0.420 0.393 0.636 0.660 0.666 0.666 0.667 0.667
Source: U.S. Interagency Committe on Water Data, Hydrology Subcommitee (1983). "Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency," Bulletin No. 17B,
issued 1981, revised 1983.

TABLE A-7 OUTLIER FREQUENCY FACTORS Kn FOR LOGPEARSON DISTRIBUTIONS

Record Record Record Record

Length Kn Length Kn Length Kn Length Kn
(y) (y) (y) (y)

10 2.036 45 2.727 80 2.940 115 3.064

 15 2.247 50 2.768 85 2.961 120 3.078

20 2.385 55 2.804 90 2.981 125 3.092

25 2.486 60 2.837 95 3.000 130 3.104

30 2.563 65 2.866 100 3.017 135 3.116

35 2.628 70 2.893 105 3.033 140 3.129

40 2.682 75 2.917 110 3.049 145 3.140

Source: U.S. Interagency Committe on Water Data, Hydrology Subcommitee (1983). "Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency," Bulletin No. 17B,
issued 1981, revised 1983.

TABLE A-8 MEAN yn AND STANDARD DEVIATION n OF GUMBEL VARIATE (y) VERSUS RECORD
LENGTH n

n yn n n yn n n yn n

8 0.4843 0.9043 35 0.5403 1.1285 64 0.5533 1.1793

9 0.4902 0.9288 36 0.5410 1.1313 66 0.5538 1.1814

10 0.4952 0.9497 37 0.5418 1.1339 68 0.5543 1.1834

11 0.4996 0.9676 38 0.5424 1.1363 70 0.5548 1.1854

12 0.5035 0.9833 39 0.5430 1.1388 72 0.5552 1.1873

13 0.5070 0.9972 40 0.5436 1.1413 74 0.5557 1.1890

14 0.5100 1.0095 41 0.5442 1.1436 76 0.5561 1.1906

15 0.5128 1.0206 42 0.5448 1.1458 78 0.5565 1.1923

16 0.5157 1.0316 43 0.5453 1.1480 80 0.5569 1.1938

17 0.5181 1.0411 44 0.5458 1.1499 82 0.5572 1.1953

18 0.5202 1.0493 45 0.5463 1.1519 84 0.5576 1.1967

19 0.5220 1.0566 46 0.5468 1.1538 86 0.5580 1.1980

20 0.5236 1.0628 47 0.5473 1.1557 88 0.5583 1.1994

21 0.5252 1.0696 48 0.5477 1.1574 90 0.5586 1.2007

22 0.5268 1.0754 49 0.5481 1.1590 92 0.5589 1.2020

23 0.5283 1.0811 50 0.5485 1.1607 94 0.5592 1.2032

24 0.5296 1.0864 51 0.5489 1.1623 96 0.5595 1.2044

25 0.5309 1.0915 52 0.5493 1.1638 98 0.5598 1.2055

26 0.5320 1.0961 53 0.5497 1.1653 100 0.5600 1.2065

27 0.5332 1.1004 54 0.5501 1.1667 150 0.5646 1.2253

28 0.5343 1.047 55 0.5504 1.1681 200 0.5672 1.2360

29 0.5353 1.1086 56 0.5508 1.1696 250 0.5688 1.2429

 30 0.5362 1.1124 57 0.5511 1.1708 300 0.5699 1.2479

31 0.5371 1.1159 58 0.5515 1.1721 400 0.5714 1.2545

32 0.5380 1.1193 59 0.5518 1.1734 500 0.5724 1.2588

33 0.5388 0.1226 60 0.5521 1.1747 750 0.5738 1.2651

34 0.5396 1.1255 62 0.5527 1.1770 1000 0.5745 1.2685

Source: Gumbel, E. J. (1958). Statistics of Extremes. Irvington, New York: Columbia University Press.

TABLE A-9 NRCS 24-HR RAINFALL TABLES (AT HALF-HOUR INCREMENTS)

Fraction of 24-h rainfall depth

Time
(h)
Type I Type IA Type II Type III

0.0 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.5 0.00871 0.01000 0.00513 0.00500

1.0 0.01745 0.02000 0.01050 0.01000

1.5 0.02621 0.03500 0.01613 0.01500

2.0 0.03500 0.05000 0.02200 0.02000

2.5 0.04416 0.06600 0.02813 0.02519

3.0 0.05405 0.08200 0.03450 0.03075

3.5 0.06466 0.09800 0.04113 0.03669

4.0 0.07600 0.11600 0.04800 0.04300

4.5 0.08784 0.13500 0.05525 0.04969

5.0 0.09995 0.15600 0.06300 0.05675

5.5 0.11234 0.18000 0.07125 0.06419

6.0 0.12500 0.20600 0.0800 0.07200

6.5 0.13915 0.23700 0.08925 0.08063

7.0 0.15600 0.26800 0.09900 0.09050

7.5 0.17460 0.31000 0.10925 0.10163

8.0 0.19400 0.42500 0.12000 0.11400

8.5 0.21900 0.48000 0.13225 0.12844

9.0 0.25400 0.52000 0.14700 0.14575

9.5 0.30300 0.55000 0.16300 0.16594

10.0 0.51500 0.57700 0.18100 0.18900

10.5 0.58300 0.60100 0.20400 0.21650

11.0 0.62300 0.62400 0.23500 0.25000

 11.5 0.65550 0.64500 0.28300 0.29800

12.0 0.68400 0.66400 0.66300 0.50000

12.5 0.70925 0.68300 0.73500 0.70200

13.0 0.73200 0.70100 0.77200 0.75000

13.5 0.75225 0.71900 0.79900 0.78350

14.0 0.77000 0.73600 0.82000 0.81100

14.5 0.78625 0.75281 0.83763 0.83406

15.0 0.80200 0.76924 0.85350 0.85425

15.5 0.81725 0.78529 0.86763 0.87156

16.0 0.83200 0.80096 0.88000 0.88600

16.5 0.84625 0.81625 0.89119 0.89838

17.0 0.86000 0.83116 0.90175 0.90950

17.5 0.87325 0.84569 0.91169 0.91938

18.0 0.88600 0.85984 0.92100 0.92800

18.5 0.89825 0.87361 0.92969 0.93581

19.0 0.91000 0.88700 0.93775 0.94325

19.5 0.92125 0.90001 0.94519 0.95031

20.0 0.93200 0.91264 0.95200 0.95700

20.5 0.94225 0.92489 0.95844 0.96336

21.0 0.95200 0.93676 0.96475 0.96944

21.5 0.96125 0.94825 0.97094 0.97523

22.0 0.97000 0.95936 0.97700 0.98075

22.5 0.97825 0.97009 0.98294 0.98598

23.0 0.98600 0.98044 0.98875 0.99094

23.5 0.99325 0.99041 0.99444 0.99561

24.0 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000

Source: Roger G. Cronshey, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Engineering Division, Washington, D.C., June 1988.

TABLE A-10 STANDARD NRCS DIMENSIONLESS TEMPORAL RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION FOR

EMERGENCY SPILLWAY AND FREEBOARD-POOL DESIGN

Fraction of storm Fraction of storm

Fraction of storm depth Fraction of storm depth
duration duration

0.00 0.0000

0.02 0.0080 0.52 0.7240

0.04 0.0162 0.54 0.7420

0.06 0.0246 0.56 0.7590

0.08 0.0333 0.58 0.7750

0.10 0.0425 0.60 0.7900

0.12 0.0524 0.62 0.8043

0.14 0.0630 0.64 0.8180

0.16 0.0743 0.66 0.8312

0.18 0.0863 0.68 0.8439

0.20 0.0990 0.70 0.8561

0.22 0.1124 0.72 0.8678

0.24 0.1265 0.74 0.8790

0.26 0.1420 0.76 0.8898

0.28 0.1595 0.78 0.9002

0.30 0.1800 0.80 0.9103

0.32 0.2050 0.82 0.9201

0.34 0.2550 0.84 0.9297

0.36 0.3450 0.86 0.9391

0.38 0.4370 0.88 0.9483

0.40 0.5300 0.90 0.9573

0.42 0.6030 0.92 0.9661

0.44 0.6330 0.94 0.9747

0.46 0.6600 0.96 0.9832

0.48 0.6840 0.98 0.9916

0.50 0.7050 1.00 1.0000