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uSlGsv !o)o!o) rsioiosuo lE^i a^siieoLo G\o,oQio(o,lo o,L\yioam
o^yoLLiolotujomrflsisr osssrissr^ssi^u Gioio!o)aaa
On-L_oojo? Gsu^oosvio (ipo,(r)G>\aosm(l)i ^gyflujoam ^ssitsy,Lij-OiOi
Sllijo, ILIOOLO lS\(JO105551(11)0(0,, LOO) 0)51155)(JO Q0 OQ55)LOLJ
uQ\o,o,si^lo, sjlooo)0)si]lo spjF, o(t^5)SIiijoo S-uGluooloulEl^i
20 c%iflujioir6tuj <Slrfjl(IT <H60016001IT 21

srsisTr/jib srrtnsvsi) sriLga^&lronn. LDjs^IrrLb, ujnaLib srsisrustsisn
unrruussru D/rTLl-Q srsisrnpj aisisrssiismrrrssi ^ujaLaiff,ff,nrf
asLjbjl ssr n si) GaLnuiEiQaLnsrrisrijLb &,na:rr3Lsrr
^rrmubSiaiaimjiflsisr a_s5)/j(oc*LZ_ z_9/r) /tsi/0/ 3)LD (*00650
LDtrjriTUla QainsrrsrraL *l/_/t0/t?
^ifhu <sp(TF) L//77_lz_/f a^Lbiib Qsusirrsisisrr a)ssrb,
&}ssrsis)ij suniGup 65)si00 su rrsvnGnouj n(^ib. ^jsvmsv srsisru^jr)^
6775/S)0/50/T6i/0/ ^jjsnrrib Ga)Upa;a;mb.L, ujrrrTrrsua^ (Lpsisr
GiKTFftsunrfaismT? srsisrjrn GanG&lGrosisr!
(Xp*00/T6rfls37' LDSSTLD, Spit STlfl LDSSLSl)! ^SUSST Sj3/T njlLDnQLD
/5/Tcam! a_637*0 Gssisssn^nLDUun ^isusifiiib urra1Lb! s^sisrssissrai
QaLQajjStSGLD ^>Ji5&i3; */T*zi/; - srsisririi Qsusifl Gsvsyfaj3nsv
ssiGuj rrjlai3iss)3i usssiri^^iaL Qanrsssr, sv(sn)a:ss)s$r
iL/L^sisr Guasib sSia^sna^ujnsn 06570/ 61/(0**065)0 Qsusiflaii'#,3,
QajifhuQsiiml-irTLDSv Qa:uj^i, /565)*(y)*/5/ anLl-ijp /5/t*065)0
SMLGLC^QLb rsrrrfhril^Lb (0/5575/ Q&rrsstsrQ sSlGsuaoElLp^^i, arnDU
urrsua:s$rrT&)iLisrrsrr a>sisr Co5i/T/i)S3)/arga S000/C* QaiLiT^siisisr
assflsi//_S3T arLgnS)noiTsisr!

aitajajaji asqLjsm ^mi(&,LE\mi(&,Lb ^stsisvij^i s^sisr ldsst$Gsd

Cjy ssr lii a sisr ^ ldu rrGsv ^is^ulGG z_s37\' ^/si/ssfl/_(oL0
^/S^SuCoLD/T!# Q*//j/L//i). <J>//_)0/_SW sSiSST[El(3jLD GlcfswTrj/, ^5/00 LD0/50/ 5>s337"Co/_S37"/ stswttj/ airT(LpaissrrrS)
si5)lL/_ ^/ssisisr, Gurnrr a_suzjM$//j/T0 ssisrLD^^rr! r srsisrstsr^rr
s^ssstssildilSIGsv rbmrr&,&,atf! lE\s)i&(&,&, ss)^,sv(Lpib aaiSjlrflaL
Gamsynb, <jy6i/(ffl?j65)mj masajSlirtsSLiib. a_s3r anrLD<iS)g)iaL(^ib ai S337 /_itili ? -sgtUBaj STLflsvismiLi rrsiflsisr ^ sisr Qa:rrsvsfl sisr
*su/50/ a_s3Tc*0 ldili** (LpiGQiSl/D^l! 3tS5)SIIStSIILI ILjLb), LDa^lJ&{F,3l&}sisr LDrTSMTSSLU ILjLD, LD(Sn)3:GLDSlaL
QaLrr(ST,^)Qnb u(sr,a:urTsm sSia^ss)^,b> Sjlnj&iSSLaiiLiLb, ^gn/us)/
su^sstGld */5j5)fr lSIlduGldit, ldsu/7750 *G/j/to(old/t srsisririi LfisDsvrrai yurra;&)uja:rTsS\ r! piirsisr Qujrjiib ^)s3ru0S5)00
/f ffl/50/ unQiGnjnGuj, iwr)/p/ *L/si065)0 sj30/*S) sfilLbQ <j>//50 0/s3TL/Q/_cs3rp aLLguSlnomu; isvss)sil QrsirijuQustir jssflsv&lrimLL;
(yj0S3)0 a_/r)/rj/ (o/5/t*0/ /ssi/su ^rrajaiiJilsvsvnajaimsv Qsiiisit,^^i,
G\{F,sisrir)S5)SD3i Ga^srraiLS^ srsisrru *L/p/S)/Drr//j; assflsinujaL ssiaiuDi
amsvn,^)sisr Snosvaisrr /TjJssvd/s^ anTQpanflssr anja^^ssmsi) */s/S)*
srsisrr)]S!S)rT3L&)rir)nuj; arrajssLsvaL arrssrsi) srsisrrn Qa:TsvsviSlirimiJ:
SlL<i(^Lb Gld^Q-Pld, <j>/650 ld/t/tj/t) ^/susirr ^ss^lij^isrrsrr L^&ar
s_sI)su/t5t5S5)0 a_/r)L//T0(o)LCS3r/p/ s^stsirraiSl/Dmu; (Lpsvmsvssnu
G<sus)^(LpLb Disvstsrn^ib!
(LpshQsrrssr GlLDLTLfl&IjrimLL; trpiGssr, Gurr! Gun! rsnsisr Qujrir)
^>05*3* SifluibilGsv r G\a= n&(&,&) 19nuj. ffisv/sSjluSlsisr (^sisruLb r Q ugn (Lpsisr ssr ld, 13nsisr Q/tsw/_ -jLijrHl si/
Qinnifl! svstSLSVsiliaub */t**ld;. <j>/65)0* asm j sjLDnrru&ljDmu! s^ssraQaiLJULsp LSiroai^Lb? srsisrrn aLstsirriLjib n<s0S5)0
-.sisr sunLpssisu si/65)sr700/si5)/_LL_ ^i/si/(7>*0 /f <j>//0 (*0/50/s5)/700/ siStl-glcS ainstsisv LDSvrr/saiGai, srsisr aiSLf\LJD\LD
si/0@S)/r)rr/zj/ ssisr ^/t^ssxsu ^/Lfiai^ib ^jssxsmrulSIGsv r -Svni3&)G{3! srsisrrrii aisiissLsvuuQ&irinsisr! ^>/si/sps5)/_/L/ GlsunSI
^swisajLD airremSironiLi! ssisr usmiSississru unysnaiGuj ^Lfuuup ^(r^aLSlr)^i! (^upQaiQnjususisisrr, Rsnsisr
L//T/fs5)si/s5)Uj, L//T0 STsir/p/ uai(i^ Sirinill ! ^>05*3 GussisfluSIsisr GaLnupuSlsmiLinstT srsisrnr)i rsibL/Grinsisr. ^/si/s5)S370 0@c
u srr u srr ll dj , Qsypii Gldso L^nas! ^>n$3)U D/sisrssrs5)* (LDUJSVILD rssssrussLssr smnjUjnsMmp Qa:ujS)n[)nsisr.
22 c%lflUJlDir6tUJ d9in5l<g>rr <3I6K5T600tit 23

ssrrrsD, stsisu^^liurf Gl&mairrmh QatirQi^^i j/aiaai, pnyifhuGp (ajajSjlrTadrnflassrrrrai (rtjuua^ it si), asmstsnn
usktua^sn^ai QarrQSigiLj uujij^i, atsiyrriuLb atmuk^at LDsmro&troa^. (gfluGurra^ e,nsk, a^t\y) LDrrsmrsuiflstsii.Giu sfiltflutp
QatrrQaia^ii) utusklsDSDira^^i asm atsiistsisD QatrrsstsrQ, <*@ <pjr)uQtS)r)^i. si5)y5)/jL//j upsusytk, srppkS] ^>j^)astflasass^Lb, ^yjsl
a^sussirriurr&l, a^sussirr ^isussirriurrS), ^jsustsip at-stsip GurrsvrrS) t3mG.asstflsSI(r^i5^i (gfla^sussip pnytfltuLb Qa:tu^i ^LL(j)y5)uJ0S5>0
sSlt^tGfF,, gqGiuit! jsrrsk srskssr Qa:iuGsusk? auG.Q LDir^^stsip sutrsSlurraim ssssrpsiiti) Qa:iuiu GsvstitsrQti).
turns1) (Lpuyturra5/. asajSjlGtu ^stsfl^^/stsism stskirn a^rnihGurra^
pnyif\tua)a^ai(&l (Lpski_i (fij5j)ujrrs)Slsk flstsisv srskssr? ^tfltu
a^rrsk, aurfipaisk atsviiiS) rsQriii&l, stsiata^uLSlat asajafl, ai3jj)iurr
(LpsntrjtumsD ^IprrsiSlL^^iat^ Gnjrrjs^ ^su^t, SjlrTtrstihrratsh
srskg)i Ganl-Qai *lSi5) atsklsiftsk ^>/(S377rj/ /f Qa:rrskstsrrrGtu
sr&jlrrajai surrsvirgH, ^surfatm snrrtj)<istsiat rfjlssisv, ^sujpssiriLj
jSSMTurr, ata:tsk rsrrsk Gan^Gi.stsfhktsts)svGiu! assstsrisiirf spank
usmsmtu ^pmuk^l ^LpsvLb atrrsvsnstsiptustsiriiLitsk,
j^stsisvQujpGriGstsr! atshsifluSlsk a^tkQrosumsD QankGtGssr!
SGtp c$/tlz_uulzjj_0/d0/. (gfissisu a:tfl^,^lp tfltutjrrstsr
srskirn (L-i&,jl ah-kjhu) tssmrustnssras att^uya^ aiqfieSI ^(Lpsunsk.
GaitTLptf P.T. Sasklsurra: <j>/tutursiatrrrf surratsmrst) st(l^^ljui^Q\,
^>fa^GurTSD&, (busk pnyifhuLb &,s$ra^ (a^^nsm Qa:rrpT,u^sts)^ 1923-sd uSjlLJLSlatatLJUt^Qsrrsrraii. ^js^ltu a:rflajjlrTLb
LDStstriasask a:rrsh)jlpu Gu nrtssisu ^tfl^^iasQasmsstsrQi (Lpa)tr)urTa;&,&}si) a^rouut^Qmsrr stSlsi^turiiatsh.
su(^c?a0ss)0 Gsvsyfajajmsv Qsusiflat^^ Q^ifhuQsum^t^rr^i
Sl.Qfi. 5000 euetnrr ^jnjfjjtiurreQek tflstnei) :
0@00/, tsrra:3jmai rstk j|j)ffS700/c*0 rsssiai (Lpaia)a^tsk
smtk Strops! *3i!55 rsistjUalssissr a.anrswfrS/t srsk/rn a^gnth <=%{,tfhuLb utjsysija)ir)(&) (Lpsk ^15^turrsSlsi) rsrrskta^ sutr^sm
artuLDtflturTstn^asasrrrTrrasstsxsrr, pnytfltu LDirstsiiuullGsv G\a:tTaiS] Gua^riiatm &)sts)tiurr. tusrn sSlstyiu&,&$A) ^tflturfatstflsk tuattsr,
S)(_cS@ii ^skurfatm sjat-^sknjssrrf! spsfTstsrtk (Lpstnno s^i si^i Lpat at lj u 1 sSlsvstsisv. sut_ ^pS^turTsSUk)
Guat-S)sktr)&srrf! ^rflLua^ajirsv a_ffwn_/T0Lb <j>//50<# Gua:uuiG.t_ unssistyatsh G)atrr(sn)a:ti> G\attT(^T)a:ij)tTai a:i>sh)&l(rtj&>&>
a:LDUj&)jlG<5V, at-.LD. atmjsk Qa:rrskstsr^i a=if\ jl<ki ati_sk surrmiStiuajnstsmsvith, G\a^sk (fit5j)iurr c?LDsn)S)000
tu rrasaja^rrGssr Gun&ar! <j>/sr/ry ^sitssissr ssinjtu rrsmup 0/<*0 ^l^sshdljui^sSIsvssisv. ^j^^ttutTsSlsD ^j/Ttbu at/TSVaj&jllk)
G\a:iuGa)mb! ^Ga^rr j|j)skg)i ^rfhuajSjlsk asrrtfltua^ssta^at GuS\ silts#) urrssisiy ^uGurr^i Ganr^rrsutfl, sumiattb, siSsTraLj
atsmGi^rrGu)! srsk/rn sppy njrrsrr a^rfi\&>(F,tTsk J5tj GsusmQtk. ut^Lpssrii) (LpajsShu (jLriiatstflsi) si/fflc*0ti atsDsShutf}
sSisDSDtra) LDatatm Gua:tb urTssisiyturrat ^)0/5^)0(* GsusmQttb.
tnrrsmsurraisrr ldsstS^sd uj)tu Gsusmtptu a=if\ai ^^mjrkatm
^>/0S3ys5)i_uj tsrraiiflai S-tTFfSu^a^nsk a^t\y) STskua^i.
SGy) ^puut^Qisfrsrrstsr. &,t\iprf srskro (gflssr s^smrfk^iLjsrrsrr
surfatm 00 ^yajrrpiEiaissisrriLiii) stsisuGurrskr) Gsvrrji ^)0iiL/<K0afl<K arreDih, - Sl.Qfi. 5000 Qfi&eo 3000 oiemp :
^yr,mjrEia;stS)smLiLb a^LfiJij) Lorrsmsurfan(ajij Qajrfhuk Qa:iuiu
cTLDsn)S)00zi ^pS^tunsfilsD ^^tataitb G)c?gi)/aa/ (Lpskt_i ^lSiJ)
GsusstsrQnb. (^skssinjtu atsDsSl rfjlstnsviurHiassiflGsv Quijhiburrsvitk
L//Tss)si^tt5)5)0/50/ ^)/5^ rsm^tpsk usmstnttu surrijiaistsiaistsiujk
24 c%lflUJlDir6tUJ
ffl0rf5/fl00/ sSIlSVmb. ^jSSITSVSi&^SV J5rTSVSUSS)S /7))sU ((y3Si)S5)SU,
Qrsujs^sv, LD0_!5Lb, (^nSlis^S) LDSsGen eurripis^rrriseh. SnUlsma^i
SSITLJajLD ^rTLbULDITSlI^jrX^LJ USV Siy0Z_/5/c*(ffl?jcS0
(Lpsisr, Q^sisrssfljB^uj rr<slefl(r^i3^i (s, ls/^G ilisuri sena^rrssr
(&}rjrrsfiUri), srrsvSjliusisr (sitrtGlurrqpa^ FFrrrrs eresruuQiLb
LSlryGa^sriisen) r^rrsrflsa^^isfs, ^fSsriS)S,rrssen ersisrirji usv
urrei^rr urrsmu^^ risen rfjlsmsrsSjDrnisGn. LSlGrrSi^ssiS) enflsq^Lb
euipssLb ^rfhuLD L/crfii5)uj0/Q0/j j_3/r)0 sj/r)L/L(_0/. ^LDLDsseh
(^rflujrrevsvrT^rrri) g)ldujld qps,sv 0LD/f? eussirriiSsviLb. Sij^i
(r5jl) qps,Gi> L5)p~LhLDLj&jJ$rj~[T (tsjS)) eussirruSIsviLb urreiSls Sijss^ssrri.
^ifhux (SarTLLurr, Sl.qp. 3000 qp$& 1500 aiD[r;
g)s<35/tsvs,fi$svs,rrsir Gl^ujeu suySu/T l/JjIuj qpssiro
Gliumstirm/D <jy5)/_/500/. Q/50L/iSleisr qpsvLb si_srjstvens,
G\s,rrqpS)Gsv ^/LbqpsisijD- g)05> gutja Glsrrsmisurissh
^rfl ili ifs srr srsisrir)]ii>, spuL\sG\srrensnrTS)SiirisGn ^emg^sseh
(SilyrreShrisen) ersisrirjiLD ^yssrrrrisen. G^euurresiei^ujrrSuj
srrsmLrrsrr (smernSq^a^Lb) urrss)s^issnus,^mssr ^ijG^rr -
goGrriruiSluj urresiei^Qiuesrs a^iruSrirTrissh.
^)/50 <jy<issfl eiJiflurTLLmiiLiLb L/jgluj urresie^ssnuuqib
suu.Gllit)(s)s semreu rruj euLfiujrruj ^)js^hurreSln)(S sups,
<j>jesresfliuri^mh (^ifkuri) GlsrrsstsrQ} eujs^ssrri srssr goGrrmiuJiULiLj
usmuj.a^risen G)srrsveviSin rrrisen. ^yssrrrsv (gfissisu, ibUrrujrTssis
(^evsrrurrs,)uSlsv ssssTLrmSIjriiriJ srsisririi airrsisr GlaiiflSjDajl.
S.qp. 3000 qppeo 2000 eusmij ;
urisseurrefv, ^>/seh)^)ujri ereisrnj ^)0 ^ifhuu LqGrrrrSajs
(Sj(i))LhurEJSGnsjnGisr, Glaisisrssfli5jlujrTsi]S(3} ^ifhussssievsssiens
QsrrsstsrQ euij^i urreus QsiLia^ssr.
<Sirfjl(iT cSH6obr6O0rrr 25
LnssisvujrrsnajSjlGsv, i3rrrTLnsm srrevssfl ((^nqGujni/Dib)^^
a_iswz_/Ttt5l/r)/rj/. g)rrrrLDrrujsm srrsvajjSsv (S.qp. 2000) Gla^sisr
(fljBj)ujrr, ajsiviLpsssiflsisr bag/ ^jrrnei^^riseifleisr (jlrrrrsiSliri)
usvLDrTGsr GsmGssu^ujits ^)0/5^0/- ^/euriseh ^ifhu
qpesfleuriseiflsisr ujrrss SqFf^^lujrEisi^sfs, sSlGijrra^Lurs
g)(ajjsajrrrissh. ^/jss, ^jrjrrssf^risen (S^rjrrsfih) si/l_ ^js^kussirr
si5)z_ ct/50 sSlssSsvnh ^rrip^surissniTuSlsvesiev. (^ssrrsvajSjlsv
Gl^eisresfliij^hu rrelsv usv rnrs^s rrrrgqujriiseh j|j) 0/j 0 sw.
^eujDgjlsn Gluifhu^i Gsrrs,rrsurfl usnsn&,s,rTS&)sS\(n)!$S) eQssrrrsh)
s,nemn ereisrn) ^rrrr^ujLDm^LD. G\issrrsk srrQisQeneisre^iLb
s>smi srrrresmu^^lev (si9/5^)ujlds5)sUcK00 Qs>ji)GsiLiLD, jl(rij
Gsuriisu. LDS5)SDcK0 euu.sGsiLj(Lpehen LSlrrrris^ujLDrrss
Qsrrehenevmii). ^rf! ili riseifleisr Qsrrehes)sseh urrsifsiies)s,s,
s>eiviLysssn Qeujrnsi^esrri.
surismrr}rrLC>s Qsrrshes)sujrrssr LSlrrirLDemrsisr rfluj sin,
svsulstujsisr, (a^s,^ijssr ersisrusinsu ujrrsrEis(sn,ssrrs sjrbu(jj\rt>&,u
uu.u.ss)su. sSliiij)ujLDSs)svs(a} euLsGsiL/ehen u(&,&}ss)uju
LisMTStitfiluj L^LEJujrrss s(j}jSj), ^V0/D0 ^rfUu ifleiflseh ^rfluj
suriS)S)Smb stswttj/ Quujrfli^u-ssrri. ^surisi^sfs, sfilGrrirfburirsisrsuri
sss)sn ^!$S)rf\srfi]sGn &,SrfysmurTS,rrsi]S(&lS) rfluj ^j^lss
iDsvsvrrs, a^emisrrrrFfSmujLj LSirrGa^smisi^sfs,) a^ijs,&}ssrri.
Qs^sisr (^)/i,SlujrTe^}sviehen s,skiiLysssn (}rrrrsfi\u.ri), Guri Qujrin)
sfililirrurnflssh, ^surisensn rfls^ssn, usstfilssri ersisrn)!
^ss)y)s,S)S$rri. ^ifliuri su(s,s,s, r^rrskfs, eu(r^smr5isss)eniLjLb
GsrjrrS)Giirisen Sisivu^ssen srsmjuQsiiri.
insrTurru^s arreogjljb(&ju lSsst Sl.qp. 1409 - 750 :
Sl.qp. 1500-^sv, LSIrTrrLDessrriseiflsin rsrrsisr0 ^SrrLns
(lSI rrldld asitrfluj, Sijseivs,, surrsmiiLSlrrskis,, sijujrrs rfjlssisv)
26 c%lflUJlDir6tUJ <Slrfjl(IT cSH60016001IT 27

Qarrshssia a,65)sv rSi^npuj^i. LSirjrnnsmrfai^afa, ldlI-QGld ussiasvrtash srsisrugi asussr\aaa,a)aa^i) ty^l^rra srrrp^o,
lSIjqljli <jyjbjD Gmrra^ta^rrssrLb a.* srsisrr) G\usna,o,-amsm Lna^miasrrrTsv LSirrmnsmrfai^afa, LD^uu/a
Qarrshss)aiLjLb urrsfiliLig^. s-ursujssnb srsisrr) aLrii^Lb, (Lpa> sb 0S5VOUJ0 0S5)SUL/L/Ll.(_0/.
(jpssTvp/ su/fff537)5i!5/T0(*@ LDL-QLbgjrrsisr srsisririi
LSirrmDsmrfaGsn l^G^/tS^^/tssi/ld, ^rrarfaisr^a^ LDj5j)rflLDnrr Sl.(ip. 320 (ippid 230 suenp-:
asmrasijib Ga)rf^G\o,QiaauuLEL^smrf. ^fsurfam o,rrssr ^ryastnssr
^jS&jliurT y/j/Tsi/Lb GlLDsmfluj ^ryarfam Q&eoi&jffil
iatb Q&ujgjrrri&Gh.
ssttsvild, a^L\Lprf g)ssrib ldi^Qld, ^uso,# aaarrsurtajSjlasiflsisr
f_a/CT/arga Q^sisTL/ri^^lGsv ga/f ^)l_ld ssstsrQ. ^jjsluajSjlujailsIsv surrsEsosmsv. (LpGsu/s^rfash ^LblolibilsD
o,rrsh LD6sresrifl<sisr o,rfunrf rsLa^ib. SiLL^a) o,L\Lpa surrssihluib, ^hlujLLUJLDrTaaLJUi^L- euz_ ^jsSjliu
Garraai^irrsisr /5(_ulj^/isw(51- (Lft3jsv ^Lpsisrrji sutTFfSma^^rrrf n~rT6DUj[Eja(sihL_ss)iib, GLDjrjGa urrrr^aLb (Quri&ujrr) st&)ugi,
LDL^Qj5&,msisr fii5)ss)smL/rn_ ^cmiLpIrdaauuCfisiirTrrash. yGrTiSlujrT, Slffisro, (^lEl^sv iususst pjrrQV ^Slm Gaamiaiethi_gn/Lo.
St.Qfi. 750 (ifipio 320 suenp-: SlipaGa urTLDrr (asurfsm l^lEI stshir/imi a^npsurf) mGsviurr,
D/Tsiy/T (arrsvaLD srshtrpLb Quujrf) a-LDgjfijlrrrT, Sssnb, Sauw
^aarrsvrbfijlsti ldo,ld mssfla, svrripsiSlsv (LpaS)uj srv^rTssrib
(aiumb STsisruirriash ^rEi&lsva,jlsi)) ^o)uj GqarEiaismiS^iLb
GluguS}jr>^l srssr rss)ssr^^i, ^rrarfam l]j)uj LDa,[Eiass)smLiLb
rssmiQujiir)^.
ssssrirraSl ^rranmia siy0Lfl/Tssri5^/(*@ svsma Ga,Lspssrrrrrash.
apjrijhurrlalash, jy&lsvub iSlrrmcnsm aijjSl ujrrS)ash {LpsVL>rraa,a,rr<5Gr LSissrssrrf GlafT^aLb QarTffSTf&wrrah) o,lElp LDsisrssrrfash
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76 c%lflUJlDir6tUJ
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|)377rj/ a:pirfGeufi LDrEiasvrEiasrrrrab aimbSliueiflaiSlekroesr.
firrrrefilififiev ^LElLprf eurrevirfilekfilfi ClagiiiBSft su/j
su/T/r)S5)/D(* aiessrirreviib eiSlernEi^ib. ^/i/0 prrekairreiipi
jpfTjb/DiressrLpev jpies)y)pa^ a^ibiib ^ysfirr pmbLpev 2-^ib
jpfTjb/Drressn^ev j^ies)y)i3pierrerrpi. ^yhfirr pmbes)i ^ssjtl
^)cjsu/T0, cf/TcSsunaiesrrf erekro g)0 u rTibues)rriiSlesr(pib
0/5/(*s5)syr a_(L//f/50 a:rrfihurTrraiSlai Qairreherr ^ifliufifies)!,
^>/es)iaiaievib L/0/50/syrsyri3w/f. ^]cjsu/T0 eu tfi uS! esr rr n esr
LDarr&rrisgj^Lpsvrr Si.lSI. 200-218 eues)ij ^essri Gurrpi,
urTrfuuesrrraies)err euipmbLpeSI(rF,i5pi ^jes)y)a)a^a) a^rresnEiaerr
uev lyiflppi, ilirraniiaerr uev pifijfifi fiijrrefihfies)^
^rfhjjbaerrLDrra LDrrfifijlesrrnt. (P.44 Early Dynasties of Andra
Desa By B.V. Krishna Row M.A., B.L.)
"His regin was responsible for a greatwave of a immigra
tion particularly of Brahmana settlers in Andhra desa from the
north and north west. The immigrants came in all probability, at
the invitation of the Emperer Santamula who after a lapse of
more than a century revived the Vedic sacrifices and particu
d9tn5l<g>rr <St60br60orir 77
larly the celebrated Vajabeya and Aswamedhe... Thus new
villages were founded and Brahmana settlements established."
LD&n&npff) ^Lpeviflek LD&ek efiryL\(Ti)i&,&,(% ek erekueuek,
(}.l9. 218-239) a>ek anrevfifiev ^ifhu jpiem^eurrev a^ek
pmbu^ir)(&) eup&, Ganbu^es)esr S-emrrfppi ^>l^es)esr fiaiai
(Lpfiuibirrek. ^jeuek L/00LD0S500 p,(LyeShua^ekififi, e>ek paiiflev
<J>/S5)LD00 l/00 eSlanrijrEiaieiflek urrrfesieuk aieiuflev
unrhliuesfiufies)^ Gleunpuuesia^ai airribi eprt eSlmiai a_0si0S5)0
a_ss)000/0 0/Tr>00/6i0/ Gurrev eSlmiaififiek s^bSUiSlev ajib
(&,fia;rres)ev S5)siy00/c* QarressrQerrerr files) evuSlev uev
ajDupies)LD&eh Q&pia&lu ufiuj es)eufifi(pi3^es)e)j ^eknpib
anresmuuQiSlekroesr. ^/eufifilev Quifluj ijemQ) S\es)ev
a_ 0su mi aim Guifiaiemri njfjeSlev uiGlLDQfipiib
aimbiLJUibLsi_(paiSlekr)esr.
"The Ikshavahu king who was till then a follower of vedic
Brahmanism and a worshipper of Siva in the form of linga re
nounced faith and became a true convert to Buddhism. (P.58)
In this panel there is a representation of monarch crushing
with his right heel, a stone linga, which is encircled by many
headed serpant. The linga and the seipent apparently symbolise
Brahmanism and worship of Maheswara. The Brahamanism
is denounced by the king in the presence of his ministers and
hig diginitaries of State...
It is probable that "Sri Virapurushadatha" attempted to crush
the tide of Brahmanism which received great impetus and re
vival under the aegis of his llustrious father Santhamula the
great, only, two decades ago" (pages 59-60)
78 c%lflUJlDir6tUJ
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