CPM in Construction Management 7th Edition

James J. OBrien, P.E. and Fredric L. Plotnick, Ph.D., Esq., P.E.

McGraw-Hill

FIGURES
To provide further service to our readers, computer screen figures from the 7th Edition have been provided in this
PDF file. This may be especially useful where the original is in color but only a black, white and grey-tone image is
printed in the text. In addition, readers may zoom in on these various graphics.

Figure 4.1.1 Original plan is start cooking (10 min.,) begin eating while finishing cooking
Actual was started cooking breakfast, dropped eggs, cleaned up, continue cooking
CPM scheduled at start and rescheduled at 5 minutes point

In Primavera P3 and P3e/c software, use one custom data code for quantity and a second for productivity rate. A
standard activity code may also be reserved to note the units of quantity recorded. Enter the quantity (numeric) and
create a Global Change to calculate the productivity rate for all non-zero duration activities (equal to quantity
divided by original duration.)

Figure 6.3.1 Use of Custom Data Items and Global Change to Calculate Productivity Rates

1
2
Figure 9.4.1 Primavera P3 Logs note detail of utility installation activity under direction of one foreman

Figure 9.4.2 Primavera P3 Logs note individual bents of a drainage pipe Each line is checked off as performed

Figure 9.4.3 Primavera P3 Logs note individual bents of a drainage pipe Each bent is checked off as performed

Figure 9.4.4 Primavera P3e/c Steps allows user to specify tasks within the Place 2 SURFACE COURSE activity
User may check-off as work performed 19mm 1st Course is 67%, 9.5mm 2nd Course is 33% of this 4 day activity

3
 2000 2001
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN
3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29
0 10 0,47 20 30 20,0 50 60 15,0 70 80 15,0 90 100 20,0 110 120 10,0 140 150 0,0
NOTICE TO FOUNDATIONS - START NOT SLAB ON SLAB ON CURTAIN WALL 1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR TURNOVER FOR
PROCEED EARLIER THAN 15MAR00 DECK FLOOR 2 DECK FLOOR 4 INSTALLATION STUD & DRYWALL COMMERCIAL RENTAL INCOME
10 20 5,47 30 40 15,0 60 70 15,0 80 90 15,0 100 108 10,0 130 140 10,0
MOBILIZE STRUCTURAL STEEL SLAB ON ROOF DECK 1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR
FLOORS 1 TO 5 DECK FLOOR 3 & ROOFING MECHANICAL PUNCHLIST
40 50 15,0 120 130 15,0 440 450 0,0
SLAB ON 1ST FLOOR FLOORS 2 - 4 TURNOVER
GRADE FINISHES FOR RESIDENTIAL RENTAL
105 109 7,3 225 430 0,25 430 440 10,0
1ST FLOOR PUNCHLIST FOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN FLOORS 2 THROUGH 4
109 110 0,3 420 430 15,0
4TH FLOOR
FINISHES
109 205 0,12 410 420 10,0
4TH FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
200 208 10,0
2ND FLOOR
MECHANICAL
300 308 10,0 425 430 0,5
3RD FLOOR
MECHANICAL
400 408 10,0
4TH FLOOR
MECHANICAL
205 209 7,9 420 425 10,5
2ND FLOOR 4TH FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN ELECTRICAL FINISHES
209 305 0,9

209 210 0,23 325 430 0,15

120 125 10,5

1ST FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES
125 130 0,5

210 220 10,20

2ND FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
220 430 15,20
2ND FLOOR
FINISHES
305 309 7,6
3RD FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN
309 405 0,6

309 310 0,13

220 225 10,25

2ND FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES
310 320 10,10
3RD FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
320 430 15,10
3RD FLOOR
FINISHES
405 409 7,3
4TH FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN
409 410 0,3

320 325 10,15

3RD FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES

act id rd tf 1002 Sheet 1 of 1

Activity Bar/Early Dates CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5HT EDITION
Data Date 3JAN00 Critical Activity
Project Start 3JAN00 Milestone/Flag Activity Date Revision Checked Approved
Project Finish 26DEC00

MULTIPLE COMPLETION EXAMPLE

(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 9.7.1 Multiple completions of project, both being calculated critical

4
 2000 2001
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN
3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29
0 10 0,47 40 50 15,0 120 130 15,0140 150 0,0
NOTICE TO SLAB ON 1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR TURNOVER FOR
PROCEED GRADE FINISHES COMMERCIAL RENTAL INCOME
10 20 5,47 30 40 15,0 60 70 15,0 80 90 15,0 100 108 10,0 130 140 10,0
MOBILIZE STRUCTURAL STEEL SLAB ON ROOF DECK 1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR
FLOORS 1 TO 5 DECK FLOOR 3 & ROOFING MECHANICAL PUNCHLIST
0 20 52,0 20 30 20,0 50 60 15,0 70 80 15,0 90 100 20,0 110 120 10,0 150 450 30,0
INTERNAL ACTIVITY TO FOUNDATIONS - START NOT SLAB ON SLAB ON CURTAIN WALL 1ST FLOOR INTERNAL ACTIVITY TO
SUPPORT SNET 15MAR00 EARLIER THAN 15MAR00 DECK FLOOR 2 DECK FLOOR 4 INSTALLATION STUD & DRYWALL SUPPORT FNLT 14OCT00
105 109 7,3 225 430 0,25 430 440 10,0
1ST FLOOR PUNCHLIST FOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN FLOORS 2 THROUGH 4
INTERNAL ACTIVITY 0 - 20 CREATED 109 110 0,3 420 430 15,0
4TH FLOOR
TO SUPPORT SNET 15MAR00 CONTRAINT 109 205 0,12
FINISHES
410 420 10,0
4TH FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
200 208 10,0 440 450 0,0
2ND FLOOR FLOORS 2 - 4 TURNOVER
MECHANICAL FOR RESIDENTIAL RENTAL

INTERNAL ACTIVITY 150 - 450 CREATED 300 308 10,0 425 430 0,5
3RD FLOOR
MECHANICAL
TO SUPPORT FNLT 14NOV00 CONSTRAINT 400 408 10,0
4TH FLOOR
MECHANICAL
205 209 7,9 420 425 10,5
2ND FLOOR 4TH FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN ELECTRICAL FINISHES
209 305 0,9

209 210 0,23 325 430 0,15

120 125 10,5

1ST FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES
125 130 0,5

210 220 10,20

2ND FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
220 430 15,20
2ND FLOOR
FINISHES
305 309 7,6
3RD FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN
309 405 0,6

309 310 0,13

220 225 10,25

2ND FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES
310 320 10,10
3RD FLOOR
STUD & DRYWALL
320 430 15,10
3RD FLOOR
FINISHES
405 409 7,3
4TH FLOOR
ELECTRICAL ROUGH-IN
409 410 0,3

320 325 10,15

3RD FLOOR
ELECTRICAL FINISHES

act id rd tf 1002 Sheet 1 of 1

Activity Bar/Early Dates CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5HT EDITION
Data Date 3JAN00 Critical Activity
Project Start 3JAN00 Milestone/Flag Activity Date Revision Checked Approved
Project Finish 26DEC00
SNET / FNLT EXAMPLE
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 9.8.1 Internal logic for supporting SNET and FNLT constraints.

5
Figure 9.11.1 FNLT box, if used, will set this date as LF of project.

Figure 9.11.2 FNLT box, if used, will set earlier of this date or calculated LF as the LF of this activity

6
Figure 9.11.3 Filter defining critical as all activities with less than 11 days total float.

Figure 9.11.4 Sort instruction to list by early start, then by most critical for each date.

7
Figure 9.11.5 Graphic created by use of filter and sort instruction to list only near-critical activities.

Figure 9.11.6 Critical Activities to be designated as all those with under 11 days of total float.

8
Figure 9.11.7 Critical Activities now designated as those with under 11 days of total float.

Figure 9.11.8 Critical Activities now designated as those with under 11 days of total float

9
Figure 9.14.1 Choice of Retained Logic vs. Progress Override

Figure 9.15.1 Possible depiction of a milestone or zero duration activity

10
Figure 9.17.1 Activity Code Dictionary and Organize dialog boxes.

Figure 9.17.2 Bar dialog box, Pattern sub-dialog box

11
Figure 9.17.3 Detail of project organized by subcontractor

Figure 9.17.4 Summary of project, organized by subcontractor

12
Figure 9.17.5 Summary Bar Dialog Box

Figure 9.17.6 Summary Bar showing individual activities

Figure 9.20.1 Configuration screen to choose linkage of percent complete schedule vs. cost

13
ACTIVITY FORM DINI
I node: 3 J node: 13 TF: 0
Title: Hammock #1 PCT: 0.0
ES: 14JUN00 EF: 21JUL00 Orig. duration: 27* Actual Start:

LS: 14JUN00 LF: 21JUL00 Rem. duration: 27* Actual Finish:

Activity Codes:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATE CONSTRAINTS:

Start no earlier than Start no later than

Finish no earlier than Finish no later than
Start on
Mandatory Start Mandatory Finish

FLOAT AND DURATION CONSTRAINTS: (Choose one) HA

Zero Free Float (ZFF) Zero Total Float (ZTF)
Hammock Activity (HA) Expected Finish (XF)
Expected Finish Date
Start Flag (SF), Finish Flag (FF),
Start Milestone (SM), Finish Milestone (FM) or None (Blank):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commands:Add Delete Edit Help More Next Return autoSort Transfer View Window
Windows :Act.codes Budget Constraints Dates Financial Log Pred Res Succ cUstom
Figure 9.23.2 P3 for DOS designation of Hammock as a constraint type

Figure 9.23.3 P3 for Windows designation of Hammock as an activity type

Figure 11.2.2 Actual start vs. Early start options

14
TD-01 DINI

ORIG
I NODE J NODE DUR DESCRIPTION
------ ------ ----- ------------------------------------------------
2 3 2 ROUGH GRADE
3 13 27* Hammock #1
3 4 15 DRILL WELL
3 6 4 WATER TANK FOUNDATIONS
3 9 10 EXCAVATE FOR SEWER
3 10 1 EXCAVATE ELECTRIC MANHOLES
3 12 6 OVERHEAD POLE LINE
4 5 2 INSTALL WELL PUMP
5 8 8 UNDERGROUND WATER PIPING
6 7 10 ERECT WATER TANK
7 8 10 TANK PIPING & VALVES
8 13 2 CONNECT WATER PIPING
9 11 5 INSTALL SEWER AND BACKFILL
10 11 5 INSTALL ELECTRICAL MANHOLES
11 12 3 INSTALL ELECTRICAL DUCT BANK
12 13 5 PULL IN FEEDER
13 14 1 BUILDING LAYOUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACT ID: DES: RES: ACC:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commands: Add Copy Delete Edit Help Insert-res Next Return autoSort Table
Figure 11.6.1a Hammock in ADM
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

OVERHEAD POLE LINE/6/ 12 PULL IN FEEDER/5/

22 22
EXCAVATE FOR SEWER/ INSTALL SEWER AND INSTALL ELECTRICAL
10/ 9 BACKFILL/5/ 11 DUCT BANK/3/

21 21
EXCAVATE ELECTRIC INSTALL ELECTRICAL
MANHOLES/1/ 10 MANHOLES/5/

20 20

2 ROUGH GRADE/2/ 3 Hammock #1/27*/ 13 BUILDING LAYOUT/1/ 14

19 19
WATER TANK TANK PIPING &
FOUNDATIONS/4/ 6 ERECT WATER TANK/10/ 7 VALVES/10/

18 18
UNDERGROUND WATER CONNECT WATER
DRILL WELL/15/ 4 INSTALL WELL PUMP/2/ 5 PIPING/8/ 8 PIPING/2/

17 17

Figure 11.6.1b Hammock in ADM

Figure 11.6.1c Hammock in ADM

15
Figure 11.6.2 Hammock in PDM

Figure 11.6.3 Cannot create a hammock from Activity #12 to #300 as start of #13 is driven by #8

16
Figure 11.6.4 Cannot create a hammock from Act #12 to #300 in PDM except with dummy activity

Figure 11.7.2 Choice of contiguous versus interruptible options

17
 NOTE ERRONEOUS REPORTING OF 5 DAY LAG USED TO
TF=2 FOR PREDECESSOR TO #220 INCLUDE 7 DAY CURE

Figure 11.9.1 Problems with multiple calendars.

Figure 11.10.1 Retained Logic vs. Progress Override options.

18
Figure 11.12.2 Hammock as included activity accepted by P3 and SureTrak, but not by P3e/c

Figure 12.2.1 CPM calculates completion on 02APR01, MCA SPERT calculates 85% chance of completion by 11MAY01

19
Figure 12.2.2 Pertmasters MCA software calculates the Activity #30 has only a 52% chance of being critical

20
Figure 12.2.3 Comparison of CPM calculation (second bar) to that of SPERT (first bar) default distribution

21
Figure 12.2.4 Pertmaster calculates 91 of 154 activities of John Doe project will never become critical, 19 activities have a 51%
to 60% chance of becoming critical, only 3 have a 81% to 90% of becoming critical, none are guaranteed to be critical.

Figure 13.5.1 Opening flash screen

22
Figure 13.5.2 Options to start new, open existing, open recent , or import a project

Figure 13.5.3 Opening screen for a project

23
Figure 13.5.4 Choosing to display the restraints between activities

Figure 13.5.5 Detail of data on restraints (or links)

24
Figure 13.5.6 Dialog boxes for setting data details on restraints

Figure 13.5.7 List of activities without physical predecessors

25
Figure 13.5.8 Example where restraints for movement of ironworker crew are globally Ignored

Figure 13.5.9 Wallpaper to be applied after one of several walls is plastered prepare to split activity

26
Figure 13.5.10 Activity 140 is split, a virtual PS4 restraint created to Activity 180

Figure 13.5.11 PS4 logic from activity 150 portion of 140 to 180 is not shown

27
Figure 13.6.3 Pertmaster supports stretched duration activities

28
Figure 14.2.1 Comparison of P3 and Suretrak Schedule Option Screens

Update based upon

Actual Start data
option in Primavera
SS 20

Update based upon

Early Start data
option in Primavera
SS 20

Only this option

available in
SureTrak
Same network - same update data - different calculation modes
Figure 14.2.2 Comparison of schedule output for various algorithm options

29
Figure 14.3.2 Opening Screen to P6 via a web browser

Figure 14.4.1 Opening P6 screen to add a new project

30
Figure 14.4.2 Adding and placing a new Enterprise

31
Figure 14.4.3 Process of adding a new project to the database.

32
Figure 14.4.4 Opening the Program Manager and choosing a project.

33
Figure 14.4.5 Selecting global or project level codes.

Figure 14.4.6 Including codes in the tabular layout.

34
Figure 14.4.7 Three levels of codes.

35
Figure 14.5.1 Project Activity Data inTabular and Bar-chart View

Figure 14.5.2 P6 Calendar View Expanded to APR-OCT

36
Figure 14.5.3 P6 Calendar View Expanded to JULY

Figure 14.5.4 P6 Calendar View Compressed to show all 2009

Figure 14.6.1 Process to create a reflection project from an existing update or baseline

37
Figure 14.6.2 Initiation of the merge reflection project process

Figure 14.6.3 Detail of the Merge Reflection Project process

Figure 14.7.2 setup for multiple critical float paths

38
Figure 14.10.1 Pertmaster Open-End Diagnostic

Map the risks to the

activities they impact

Figure 14.10.2 Risk Register maps correlation of common risks to multiple activities

39
Figure 14.10.3 Pertmaster risk analysis typically set for 1000 iterations

Compare deterministic
schedule vs. a
probabilistic schedule
(P50 & P80)

Figure 14.10.4 Comparison of deterministic v probable schedule dates

40
Figure 14.11.1 Opening a New Project with MSProject 2007

Figure 14.11.2 Automatic but Temporary ID Number for New Activity

Figure 14.11.3 Inserting a Fixed Unique ID Number Column

Figure 14.11.4 Entering the first activity

41
Figure 14.11.5 Adding New Activities and Setting Restraints Between Activities

Figure 14.11.6 Dialog Box for Entry of Predecessor Restraint Detail Information

42
Figure 14.11.7 Inserting New Activities and Replacing Predecessor Column with Unique Predecessor

Figure 14.11.8 Inserting New Columns for Remaining Duration, Percent Complete and Actual Start

43
Figure 14.11.9 Reporting % Complete Initiates Some Recalculations of Remaining Duration and Dates

Figure 14.11.10 Entering Actual Start/Finish Data, and Setting/Displaying the Data Date for this Update

44
Figure 14.11.11 Displaying the Tracking Toolbar and Rescheduling Work Based Upon Inputs

Figure 14.11.12 http://us20.trymicrosoftoffice.com/product.aspx?re_ms=oo&family=projectpro&culture=en-US

45
Figure 14.11.13 Selected View of John Doe Project in MSProject2007

46
 WhileinOpenPlanselecttoolsonthemenubar

ThenclickDataSources

SelectDataSourceyouwanttoreadfrom

Figure 14.12.1 Selecting Data Sources in Open Plan

47
Figure 14.12.2 Open Plan Project Properties User may set default calendar for lags, but not to predecessor

Figure 12.12..3 Open Plan Activity Details dialog box at Relationships tab

48
Figure 12.6.4 Open Plan Network View

49
Figure 14.12.5 Open Plan Pure Logic Views (Zoomed Out and In) of John Doe Project

50
Figure 14.12.6 Open Plan bar chart showing Monte Carlo risk analysis data
Bar chart highlights criticality index and mean dates
Green = Never Critical Yellow = 0-50% chance of being critical
Red = 51-100% chance of being critical Gray bar represents Mean Early Start Mean Early Finish bar

51
In P3e/c there is the option to choose which calendar will be assigned as a default. The drop-down box choice of
calendar and long-name description of calendar reduces the potential confusion of designation of Calendar #1 or #2
or #3, but also increases the width of column required to display this information and may increase the effort
required to enter the information.

This too can be ameliorated by renaming your standard calendars as 5D, 6D and 7D, renaming the column
from Calendar to Cal and adjusting the column width appropriately.

Figure 16.1.1 P3 multiple calendars

Figure 16.7.1 P3 multiple cost codes

52
Figure 16.7.2 Multiple cost codes for one activity means activity is listed several times in cost reports

In Primavera P3 Project Planner, a means exists to get around the Building A, 5th Floor, NW Quadrant coding
noted in the preceding section by the use of Aliases.

Figure 16.9.1 Primavera Alias described

53
54
Figure 16.9.2 Primavera Alias illustrated

Figure 18.5.1 Pertmaster analysis measures likelihood that a change in duration of one activity may shift the critical path

55
Figure 18.8.1 Global Calendar and global holiday list

Figure 18.8.2 5-Day Week Calendar and holiday list

Note January 2 is calculated as a holiday since January 1 is a Sunday

56
Figure 18.8.3 7-Day Calendar and Holiday List Exceptions

Figure 18.8.4 Winter Restricted Calendar Standards and Holiday List

57
Figure 19.18.1 Schedule calculation algorithm switches

Figure 19.18.2 P3e/c advanced schedule options

Figure 20.7.1 John Doe in PDM Common Site

58
Figure 20.7.2 John Doe in PDM Plant-Warehouse

Figure 20.7.2 John Doe in PDM Warehouse alternate view (not in text)

59
Figure 20.7.3 Detail of John Doe 20.7.2 Confluence at Building Watertight milestone event

60
Figure 20.7.4 John Doe in PDM Office

61
Figure 20.7.5 Detail of John Doe 20.7.2 Confluence shown with Milestone (ADM node 37)

62
Figure 20.7.6 Detail of John Doe 18.7.2 Combining activities 35 and 409 in PDM

63
Figure 20.8.1 John Doe project in RDM format. Compare to Figures 20.5.4 (in ADM) and 20.7.2 (in PDM). Note
special restraint (link) categories from Activity 300 to 301 (R=resource, use same crew) and from 701 to 307
(J=Just-in-Time). Also note use of dedicated Milestones at Event 37e and 58e.

Figure 21.10.1 John Doe project resource histogram and cumulative curve for early dates

64
Figure 21.10.2 Resource histogram with stacked resources

Figure 21.10.3 John Doe projectunleveled use of electricians

65
Figure 21.10.4 John Doe projectleveled for a maximum of 10 electricians

Figure 24.10.1 Critical Path for a One Path Linear Project (Based on John Doe Project)

66
 %

100
9

90
8

80
7

70

60
%

50

40

3
30

2
20

1
10

0 0
6 13 20 27 3 10 17
DEC DEC DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN
04 04 04 04 05 05 05
LATEST DATE 18 JAN 5 6001MPRJ.MC Sheet 1 of 1
EXPECTED DATE 27 DEC 4
Probability Analysis Date Revision Checked Approved
EARLIEST DATE 8 DEC 4
TARGET DATE 21 DEC 04 John Doe Critical Path Activities
Standard -15%/+20% Distribution
Plot Date 27OCT04
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc. Finish Date of Project

Figure 24.10.2 Probability for a One Path Linear Project

Figure 24.10.3 Alternate Critical Paths for a project without long duration procurement activities

67
 %

100 10

90 9

80 8

70 7

60 6
%

50 5

40 4

30 3

20 2

10 1

0 0
6 13 20 27 3 10 17
DEC DEC DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN
04 04 04 04 05 05 05
LATEST DATE 17 JAN 5 6 0 02 M PR J .M C S h ee t 1 of 1
EXPECTED DATE 27 DEC 4
Probability Analysis Date Revision Checked Approved
EARLIEST DATE 7 DEC 4
TARGET DATE 21 DEC 04 John Doe without Procurement
Standard -15%/+20% Distribution
Plot Date 27OCT04
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc. Finish Date of Project

Figure 24.10.4 Probability for a project without long duration procurement activities

Figure 24.10.5 Alternate Critical Path for a project with long duration procurement activities
%

100
7

90

6
80

70
5

60
%

50

3
40

30
2

20

1
10

0 0
13 20 27 3 10 17 24 31 7
DEC DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN JAN JAN FEB
04 04 04 05 05 05 05 05 05
LATEST DATE 7 FEB 5 5O E0 M PR J. MC Sh e et 1 of 1
CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5TH EDITI
EXPECTED DATE 8 JAN 5
O'BRIEN KREITZBERG & ASSOC., INC. Date Revision Checked Approved
EARLIEST DATE 14 DEC 4
TARGET DATE 22 DEC 04 JOHN DOE PROJECT PDM VERSION
Standard -15%/+20% Distribution
Plot Date 27OCT04
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc. Finish Date of Project

Figure 24.10.6 Probability for a project with long duration procurement activities

68
Figure 25.3.4 Computer generated cost forecast for the John Doe projectEarly & LateCumulative.

Figure 25.3.5 Computer generated cost forecast for the John Doe projectEarly datesCumulative and Histogram.

69
Figure 26.6.1 Microsoft screen to open an existing project from any subdirectory in the world

Figure 26.6.3 Oracle Primavera Executive Dashboard

70
Figure 26.6.4 Microsoft Project Professional 2007 Dashboard

Figure 26.6.5 Deltek Open Plan

71
Figure 27.1.1 Opening a new project in P3

Figure 27.1.2 Adding activity codes in P3

72
Figure 27.1.3 Autolink

Figure 27.1.4 P3e/c Predecessor and Successor detail

Figure 27.2.1

73
Figure 27.2.2

Figure 27.2.3

Figure 27.4.2 P3e/c loop error report.

74
Figure 27.8.1 Two concurrent critical paths cannot be distinguished in a simple Early Start printout

Figure 27.8.2 Use of PLOT code

Figure 27.8.3 Backward pass of one critical path

75
Figure 27.8.4 Backward pass of alternate critical paths

76
Figure 27.8.5 Grouping by PLOT code

Figure 27.8.6 Intelligent report of multiple critical paths

77
Figure 27.8.7 Filter for Winter Concrete

Figure 27.8.8 Report of Winter Concrete

Figure 27.8.9 Filter

78
Figure 27.8.10 Organization

Figure 27.9.1 Timescale Logic Graphic Report, results.

79
Figure 27.9.1 Timescale overview content

Figure 27.9.2 Timescale overview pen selection

80
Figure 27.9.4 Time Scaled Logic Diagram of John Doe Project by Netpoint GPM software

Figure 27.9.5 Time Scaled Logic Diagram by CASCAD-e software

81
Figure 27.9.6 CASCAD-e software Logic OFF, Logic ON

Figure 27.9.7 Time Scaled Logic Diagram of John Doe Project by CASCAD-e software

Figure 27.13.1 Foremans Turn-Around Document

82
Figure 27.14-1 Superintendents Turn-Around Document

Figure 27.15.1 Summarized by Subcontract

Figure 27.15.2 Summarized by Area

83
Figure 28.4.1 Choice of algorithm

Figure 29.13.2 P3e/c does not allow user to status a reduced remaining duration until an actual start date is entered

84
Activity A is followed by Activity B via a Start-to-Start relationship with 15 day lag (all days are calendar days)

Activity A is statused to RD=10 on 06MAY06 (ahead of schedule) but actual start date is not entered

Activity B is still scheduled for 15 days after DataDate 06MAY06

But if actual start of 01MAY06 is entered for Activity A, early start of 16MAY06 is calculated for Activity B

If Activity A is statused at 95% complete without a reported actual start,

early start of Activity B is calculated as DataDate plus 15 days

If Activity A is statused at 95% complete with a reported actual start,

early start of Activity B is calculated as actual start plus 15 days

85
If Activity A is statused 100% complete without an actual start of finish date, early start of 21MAY06 is calculated for Activity B

If Activity A is statused 100% complete with an actual start but not an actual finish, P3 illustrates a bar finishing the original
estimated finish date but does not record that date on tabular format, and continues to calculate Activity B lag from 01MAY06

Even if Activity A is completed three weeks early, and all actual dates reported, the early start of Activity B is still calculated as
01MAY06 plus 15 days. Is this what the superintendent meant when saying Activity A is expected to take 20 days, Activity B
can start when Activity A is done?

Updating without an actual start date does not reduce the remaining lag

Now that an actual start, but not finish, has been reported, updating reduces the remaining lag

Continued updating with an actual start but without actual finish eventually allows next activity to start

Figure 29.13.3 Problems with reporting status for durations of activities and durations between activities

86
 8/10 8/10
8/11 80% 8/13
chipped inlet hold 20%

Figure 29.15.1 Input for Update of 15AUG05

Figure 31.1.1 Project copy files command

87
Figure 31.1.2 Project Overview rename version

88
 1997
APR MAY JUN JUL
21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30

THE VALUE OF A GOOD SCHEDULE

SPAN #1 24540 3,7 24740 5,8 24790 5,20 TRADITIONAL SEQUENCE
RB SPAN#1 R/I RB SPAN#1 RB POUR#1A MANDATED CONCRETE POUR SEQUENCE
1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 1 FORM & POUR DECK
UTIL & DRAINAGE REBAR FORM & POUR DECK
1 2 3 4 5 REBAR
24390 3,7 24640 6,7 1 2 3 4 5 SHEAR CONNECTOR
1 2 3 4 5 OVERHANG FORMWORK
RB SPAN#1 ERECT RB SPAN#1
STRUC STEEL OVERHANG FORMWORK 1 2 3 4 5 STAY IN PLACE METAL FORMS
1 2 3 4 5 R/I UTIL & DRAINAGE
24590 3,7 24690 1,8 1 2 3 4 5 ERECT STRUC STEEL
MANDATED STEEL ERECTION SEQUENCE
RB SPAN#1 STAY IN RB SPAN#1
PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR

SPAN #2 24500 2,11 24600 3,10 24700 1,7 24830 3,8 24870 3,7
RB SPAN#2 ERECT RB SPAN#2 STAY IN RB SPAN#2 RB POUR#2A RB POUR#4
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR FORM & POUR DECK FORM & POUR DECK

24550 2,10 24650 6,7 24760 4,7

RB SPAN#2 R/I RB SPAN#2 RB SPAN#2
UTIL & DRAINAGE OVERHANG FORMWORK REBAR

SPAN #3 24510 2,11 24610 3,13 24670 4,7 24860 3,7

RB SPAN#3 ERECT RB SPAN#3 STAY IN RB SPAN#3 RB POUR#3
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS OVERHANG FORMWORK FORM & POUR DECK

24560 2,10 24730 1,7 24900 3,7

RB SPAN#3 R/I RB SPAN#3 RB POUR#5
UTIL & DRAINAGE SHEAR CONNECTOR FORM & POUR DECK

24780 4,7
RB SPAN#3
REBAR

SPAN #4 24520 2,11 24630 3,10 24720 1,7 24840 3,8

RB SPAN#4 ERECT RB SPAN#4 STAY IN RB SPAN#4 RB POUR#2B
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR FORM & POUR DECK

24570 2,10 24680 4,7 24850 2,10

RB SPAN#4 R/I RB SPAN#4 RB POUR#2B FORM & POUR
UTIL & DRAINAGE OVERHANG FORMWORK DECK CURE 02

24770 4,7
RB SPAN#4
REBAR

SPAN #5 24530 2,11 24620 3,11 24710 1,7 24820 3,21 24880 1,9
RB SPAN#5 ERECT RB SPAN#5 STAY IN RB SPAN#5 RB SET STRIP RB POUR STRIP
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR SEAL DAMS SEAL BLOCKOUTS

24580 2,10 24660 4,7 24810 2,10

RB SPAN#5 R/I RB SPAN#5 RB POUR#1B FORM & POUR
UTIL & DRAINAGE OVERHANG FORMWORK DECK CURE 02

24750 5,7 24800 3,7

RB SPAN#5 RB POUR#1B
REBAR FORM & POUR DECK

SPAN #1 24540 3,15 24740 5,20 24790 5,20 MODIFIED SEQUENCE

MANDATED CONCRETE POUR SEQUENCE
RB SPAN#1 R/I RB SPAN#1 RB POUR#1A 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 1 FORM & POUR DECK
UTIL & DRAINAGE REBAR FORM & POUR DECK
1 3 5 4 2 REBAR

24390 3,15 24640 6,15 1 2 5 4 3 SHEAR CONNECTOR

1 2 4 5 3 OVERHANG FORMWORK
RB SPAN#1 ERECT RB SPAN#1
STRUC STEEL OVERHANG FORMWORK 1 2 3 5 4 STAY IN PLACE METAL FORMS
1 2 3 4 5 R/I UTIL & DRAINAGE
24590 3,15 24690 1,20 1 2 3 4 5 ERECT STRUC STEEL
MANDATED STEEL ERECTION SEQUENCE
RB SPAN#1 STAY IN RB SPAN#1
PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR

SPAN #2 24500 2,20 24600 3,18 24700 1,18 24760 4,15 24830 3,15 24870 3,15
RB SPAN#2 ERECT RB SPAN#2 STAY IN RB SPAN#2 RB SPAN#2 RB POUR#2A RB POUR#4
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS SHEAR CONNECTOR REBAR FORM & POUR DECK FORM & POUR DECK

24550 2,19 24650 6,15

RB SPAN#2 R/I RB SPAN#2
UTIL & DRAINAGE OVERHANG FORMWORK

SPAN #3 24510 2,21 24610 3,18 24670 4,16 24730 1,19 24900 3,15
RB SPAN#3 ERECT RB SPAN#3 STAY IN RB SPAN#3 RB SPAN#3 RB POUR#5
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS OVERHANG FORMWORK SHEAR CONNECTOR FORM & POUR DECK

24560 2,20 24780 15 24860 3,15

RB SPAN#3 R/I RB SPAN#3 RB POUR#3
UTIL & DRAINAGE REBAR FORM & POUR DECK

SPAN #4 24520 2,22 24630 3,23 24680 4,16 24770 15 24840 3,15
RB SPAN#4 ERECT RB SPAN#4 STAY IN RB SPAN#4 RB SPAN#4 RB POUR#2B
STRUC STEEL PLACE METAL FORMS OVERHANG FORMWORK REBAR FORM & POUR DECK

24570 2,21 24720 1,16 24850 2,20

RB SPAN#4 R/I RB SPAN#4 RB POUR#2B FORM & POUR
UTIL & DRAINAGE SHEAR CONNECTOR DECK CURE 02

SPAN #5 24530 2,24 24660 4,15 24820 3,29 24880 1,17

RB SPAN#5 ERECT RB SPAN#5 RB SET STRIP RB POUR STRIP
STRUC STEEL OVERHANG FORMWORK SEAL DAMS SEAL BLOCKOUTS

24580 2,23 24710 1,15 24810 2,19

RB SPAN#5 R/I RB SPAN#5 RB POUR#1B FORM & POUR
UTIL & DRAINAGE SHEAR CONNECTOR DECK CURE 02

24620 3,18 24750 5,15 24800 3,15

RB SPAN#5 STAY IN RB SPAN#5 RB POUR#1B
PLACE METAL FORMS REBAR FORM & POUR DECK

Activity Classification: TYPE OF WORK The Phoenixville - Mont Clare Bridge Replacement over the Schuykill River is part of a PennDOT project

ERECT STRUCTURAL STEEL R/I UTILITIES & DRAINAGE STAY IN PLACE METAL FORMS OVERHANG FORMWORK with a $12,000 per day incentive/disincentive contract clause.

SHEAR CONNECTOR REBAR FORM & POUR DECK

act id rd tf The sequence of steel erection was mandated from one end of the bridge to the other. The sequence of deck
Sheet 1 of 1
Plot Date 14AUG97 Activity Bar/Early Dates concrete pours was mandated to equally load the steel. Work was confined to six days per week.

Data Date 27FEB97 Critical Activity ALLAN A. MYERS

Project Start 20AUG96 Allan A. Myers, Inc. was the contractor. Engineering & Property Management Consultants, Inc. ("EnProMaC",)

Project Finish 25NOV97 * PENNDOT RT 29 SEC. 6B & 6M headed by Fredric L. Plotnick, Esq., P.E., was the scheduling consultant.

ngineering & Property Management Consultants, Inc.

BRIDGEWORK SCHEDULING ART v SCIENCE The project was completed 50 days ahead of schedule.

depicted in this graphic.

Details of how 12 of those 50 days were earned are

(c) Primavera Systems, Inc. Jenkintown, PA 215-885-3733

Figure 33.12.3 Impact of the modified sequence upon the traditional approach

Figure 33.13.1 Sequence of work in Room 551

89
Figure 33.13.2 Summary of work on 2nd floor with partial detail shown

90
 1990
CODE TOTL JAN FEB MAR APR
VALUE TASK FLR /TASK FLT 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
020 20 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL STUDS 23
022 22 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL DRYWALL 43
024 24 LOWER LEVEL TAPE DRYWALL 43
026 26 LOWER LEVEL APPLY FLOORING 18
030 30 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CEILING GRID 16
034 34 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 17
060 60 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CASEWORK 44
062 62 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 46
070 70 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 48
0EQ EQ LOWER LEVEL INSTALL EQUIPMENT 16
120 20 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 25
122 22 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 28
124 24 FIRST FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 33
126 26 FIRST FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 35
130 30 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL CEILING GRID 34
134 34 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 35
160 60 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK 34
162 62 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 36
170 70 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 49
1EQ EQ FIRST FLOOR INSTALL EQUIPMENT 40
220 20 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 26
222 22 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 27
224 24 SECOND FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 18
226 26 SECOND FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 43
230 30 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL CEILING GRID 40
234 34 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 42
260 60 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK 40
262 62 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 43
270 70 SECOND FLOOR INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 47
320 20 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 29
322 22 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 18
324 24 THIRD FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 20
326 26 THIRD FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 26
330 30 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL CEILING GRID 24
334 34 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 26
360 60 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK 42
362 62 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 45
370 70 THIRD FLOOR INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 48
3EQ EQ THIRD FLOOR INSTALL EQUIPMENT -5
420 20 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 29
422 22 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 26
424 24 FOURTH FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 30
426 26 FOURTH FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 40
430 30 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL CEILING GRID 39
434 34 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 40
460 60 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK 39
462 62 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 44
470 70 FOURTH FLOOR INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 48
520 20 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 25
522 22 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 7
524 24 FIFTH FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 35
526 26 FIFTH FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 21
530 30 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL CEILING GRID 41
534 34 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 21
560 60 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK 42
562 62 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 44
570 70 FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 48
5EQ EQ FIFTH FLOOR INSTALL EQUIPMENT 21

inactive Sheet 1 of 1 TYPE OF WORK

Plot Date 1JUN05
APPLY FLOORING
Data Date 8JAN90 Summary Bar/Early Dates
Critical Designator
LOTZ CONSTRUCTION INSTALL CEILING GRID Date Revision Checked Approved
Project Start 8JAN90
Milestone/Flag Activity
Project Finish 9APR90 GRADUATE HOSPITAL DIAGNOSTIC BLDG INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING
INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRICAL
9E07 GRADUATE HOSPITAL DIAGNOSTIC INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc. INSTALL EQUIPMENT

CODE TOTL
VALUE TASK FLR /TASK FLT
020 20 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL STUDS 23
022 22 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL DRYWALL 43
024 24 LOWER LEVEL TAPE DRYWALL 43
026 26 LOWER LEVEL APPLY FLOORING 18
030 30 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CEILING GRID 16
034 34 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CEILING LIGHTING 17
060 60 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CASEWORK 44
062 62 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL CASEWORK ELECTRIC 46
070 70 LOWER LEVEL INSTALL PLUMBING FIXTURES 48
0EQ EQ LOWER LEVEL INSTALL EQUIPMENT 16
120 20 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL STUDS 25
122 22 FIRST FLOOR INSTALL DRYWALL 28
124 24 FIRST FLOOR TAPE DRYWALL 33
126 26 FIRST FLOOR APPLY FLOORING 35

Figure 33.13.3 The network has 3503 detail activities, but the owner see only 58 summary activities

Figure 36.15.4 and 38.4.1 Time scale network drawing showing steel delay - TIE Analysis
91
Figure 38.4.2 Collapsed As-Built (But-For) Analysis

Figure 38.4.3 Windows Analysis Window #1

92
Figure 38.4.4 Windows Analysis Window #2

Figure 38.4.5 Windows Analysis Window #3

93
Figure 38.4.6 Windows Analysis Window #1 Alternate A

94
CHAPTER 14.1 of the CD-ROM (Primavera Project Planner P3 Demo folder; Primavera P3 HowTo.pdf file)
Note references to Chapter 24 are from previous placement in 6th edition

Figure 24.1.1 Primavera Opening Screen

Figure 24.1.2 Primavera Add A New Project Screen

95
Figure 24.1.3 Primavera Quick Open An Existing Project Screen

Figure 24.1.4 Setting a Project Finish Date will cause a project completing earlier to show a positive, non-zero total
float for the critical path.

96
Figure 24.1.5 Setting a FNLT constraint upon the last activity will cause a project completing earlier to show a zero
total float critical path.

Figure 24.1.6 Checking the exclusive box permits changing Activity IDs.

97
Figure 24.1.7 Opening Screen for a New Project

Figure 24.1.8 Point & Click vs. <ALT> keys vs. <CTRL> hot keys.

98
Figure 24.1.9 Barchart portion of screen split vertically.

99
Figure 24.1.10 Barchart portion of screen split horizontally.

Figure 24.1.11 Pure Logic or PERT view of network with Primaveras Trace Logic highlighted
with two generations shown.

100
Figure 24.6.1 Sample Mixed Summary & Detail Screen from point & click exercise, setup.

Figure 24.6.2 Sample Mixed Summary & Detail Screen from point & click exercise, results.

101
Figure 24.7.1 Standard Report SR-06 setup screens

Figure 24.7.2 Sample page from Standard Report SR-06

102
Figure 24.8.1 Summary Barchart with Detail Provided, setup and dialog boxes.

Figure 24.8.2 Summary Barchart with Detail Provided

103
Figure 24.8.3 Blowup of Section of Summary Barchart with Detail Provided.

Figure 24.8.4 Timescale Logic Graphic Report, setup.

104
Figure 24.8.5 Timescale Logic Graphic Report, results.

105
ADDITIONAL GRAPHICS FROM PAST EDITIONS

FROM 5TH EDITION CHAPTER 20 UPDATES TO JOHN DOE PROJECT

x Thousand

4800

4400 EARLY

4000
LATE
3600

3200

2800

2400

2000

1600

1200

800

400

0
JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR
2000 2001

Project Start 5JUN00 Early dates DINI Sheet 1 of 1

CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5TH EDITION
Project Finish 3APR01 Late dates O'BRIEN KREITZBERG & ASSOC., INC.
Data Date 5JUN00 Date Revision Checked Approved
Plot Date 11SEP98 JOHN DOE PROJECT ADM VERSION
GRAPHICS VIEW OF COST ENVELOPE
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 20.3
x Thousand

1000 990

900 889

800 801

700

628
600

541 538
509
500 482
481
447
435
400
355

300
275 263 268
254 247

200 186 191

100 88

36
8
0
JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR
2000 2001

Project Start 5JUN00 Early dates DINI Sheet 1 of 1

CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5TH EDITION
Project Finish 3APR01 Late dates O'BRIEN KREITZBERG & ASSOC., INC.
Data Date 5JUN00 Date Revision Checked Approved
Plot Date 11SEP98 JOHN DOE PROJECT ADM VERSION
HISTOGRAM OF COST PROJECTION
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 20.4

106
 1200
1175 1168

1100

1000

900

800

700

612
600
545
500

400

300 294

200 193
148 158 160
112
100
45
0
JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY
2000 2001

Project Start 5JUN00 Schedule dates DASB Sheet 1 of 1

CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5TH EDITION
Project Finish 24MAY01 O'BRIEN KREITZBERG & ASSOC., INC.
Data Date 25MAY01 Date Revision Checked Approved
Plot Date 11SEP98 JOHN DOE PROJECT ADM VERSION
RC-01
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 20.17

4400

4000
EARLY

3600

3200

2800

LATE
2400

2000

1600

1200

800

400

0
JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR
2000 2001

Project Start 5JUN00 Early dates DUP3 Sheet 1 of 1

CPM IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT - 5TH EDITION
Project Finish 21MAY01 Late dates O'BRIEN KREITZBERG & ASSOC., INC.
Data Date 29SEP00 Date Revision Checked Approved
JOHN DOE PROJECT ADM VERSION
UPDATE #3 GRAPHICS VIEW OF COST ENVELOPE
(c) Primavera Systems, Inc.

Figure 20.8

107