PATIENT'S POSITIONING

1. Supine Position

a. Defini
tion

Supine position is the position of the patient lying supine with both hands and legs
straight in a horizontal. This position is a position that is very prevalent.

b. Function

Increased patient comfort and facilitate healing, especially in surgery patients or in

certain anesthesia process, and for the treatment of spine.

c. Indication

1) Patients with post actions or certain surgical anesthesia.

2) Patients with weak or comatose condition.

3) Performed in young pregnant women.

d. Contraindications

1) On the client with shortness of breath.

2) On the client with a lumbar fracture.

2. Prone Position

a. De
 finition

Prone position is the position of the patients stomach with head turned to the
side or patients sleep in prone position lying with her face to the pillow.

b. Function

1) Providing maximum extention at the knee and hip joints

2) Prevent flexion contractures at the hip and knees

3) Preparing management laminectomy

4) Prevents suppression in patients with burns backs

c. Indication

1) Patients who undergo surgery mouth and throat

2) Patients with checks on the buttocks or back area

3) Can only be done on the client whose backs can be straightened out quickly, and
done in quick time

d. Contraindication

1) Not recommended for people who have problems in the cervical or lumbar region
of the spine

2) For clients with heart and respiratory problems, as it will lead to suffocation and
chest breathing restrictions

3. Lateral Position

a. Definition

Lateral
 position is the position of the patients lying on the her side on one side of the body, or
the patient leans to the side with most of the weight is at the hips and shoulders.

b. Function

1) Maintaining body alignment.

2) Reducing complications of immobilization.

3) Increase sense of comfort.

4) Reduce the likelihood of persistent pressure on the body due to the position of
pliers settled.

5) Reduce lordosis and improve straightness good back.

c. Indication

1) Patients who want to rest.

2) Patients who want to sleep.

3) Patients who fowler or dorsal recumbent position in a long position.

4) Patients who experience weakness and postoperative.

d. Contraindication

On the clients who have respiratory problems.

4. Trendelenburg
a. Definition

A supine position in which the feet are higher than the head. Trendelenburg also
means a position in which the head is low and the body and legs are on an inclined
plane, usually about 45. The body is laid flat on the back (supine position) with the
feet higher than the head by 15-30 degrees.

b. Function/Purpose

1) The Trendelenburg position is helpful in surgical reduction of an abdominal hernia.

2) The Trendelenburg position is also used in respiratory patients to create better

perfusion.

3) To increase venous return after spinal anesthesia.

 4) To increase central blood volume to facilitate central vein cannulation.

5) To minimize aspiration during regurgitation.

6) To prevent shocks.

7) To prevent or relieve postpartum hemorrhage.

c. Indication

1) Patients with surgery in the abdominal area.

2) Patient in shock

d. Contraindication

The Trendelenburg position is probably not indicated or may have harmful effects in:

1) Resuscitation of patients who are hypotensive.

2) Patients in whom mechanical ventilation is difficult, or patients with decreased

vital capacity.

3) Patients who have increased intracranial pressure.

4) Patients who have cerebral edema.

5) Patients who have increased intraocular pressure.

6) Patients with ischemia of the lower limbs.

5. Lithotomy
a. Definition

A supine position in which the hips and knees are fully flexed with the legs spread
apart and raised and the feet resting in straps. Also called dorsosacral position.
Lithotomy also means position in which the patient is on their back with the hips and
knees flexed and the thighs apart. And arms placed over the chest or on an armboard.

b. Function/Purpose

Used in gynecology & urology procedures.

c. Indication

1) The lithotomy position of the patient is needed for examinations or operations in

urology such as pelvic examination, prostate examination, transurethral resection
of the bladder (TURB), transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP),
ureteroscopy, surgery of the female urethra: tension-free vaginal tape, treatment
of urethral caruncle, surgery of the male urethra: internal urethrotomy, perineal
prostatectomy.

2) The lithotomy position is also used as a common position for childbirth.

3) For vaginal and gynecological surgery and examination.

d. Contraindication
 Patient who has contractures or hip joint diseases.

6. Genu Pectoral

a. Definition

Genu pectoral is position with the patient on knees, thighs upright, the head and
upper part of the chest resting on the table, arms crossed above the head. It is
employed in displacement of a prolapsed fundus, dislodgement of the impact head of a
fetus, management of transverse presentation, replacement of a retroverted uterus or
displaced ovary, or flushing of the intestinal canal.

b. Function/Purpose

1) To obtain better exposure of the vagina, cervix, and rectum.

2) To examine the bladder.

3) To help correct retroversion of the uterus.

4) To administer caudal and sacral anasthesia.

5) Vaginal and rectal examinations.

6) Operative procedures on the vagina, rectum and perineum, Operative deliveries.

c. Indication

Examination of the rectum and perineum women or during prostoskopi

(placement visualization field in the rectum).

d. Contraindication

Clients with arthritis or other joint deformity.

7. Semi Fowler
 a. Definition

The semi-fowler's position is the position of a patient who is lying in bed in a supine
position with the head of the bed at approximately low fowler's is 15 to degrees and semi-
fowlers is 30 to 45 degrees.

b. Function

This position is useful for patient who have cardiacs, respiratory, or neurological
problems and is often optimal for patients who have a nasogastric tube in place.
c. Indication

Patients who are on tube feedings are typically placed in the Semi-Fowler's position.
d. Contraindication

Patients after spine orbrain surgery

8. Fowler
 a. Definition

The Fowler's position is the position of a patient who is lying in bed in a supine position
with head of the bed at approximately standard fowler's is 45 to 60 degrees and high
fowler's is 80 to 90 degrees.

b. Function

In medicine, Fowler's position is a standard patient position. It is an intervention used to

promote oxygenation via maximum chest expansion and is implemented during events of
respiratory distress. Fowler's position facilitates the relaxing of tension of the abdominal
muscles, allowing for improved breathing.
Fowler's position increases comfort during eating and other activities, is used in
postpartum women to improve uterine drainage. And position is also used when oral or
nasal gastric feeding tubes have been implemented as it minimizes the risk of aspiration.
Peristalsis and swallowing are aided by the effect of gravitational pull.

c. Indication

Patients are often placed in fowler's position to increase comfort, to improve ventilation
and to promote relaxtion after thoracic surgery or for patients with cardiovaskuler
problems.

d. Contraindication

Patients after spine orbrain surgery

9. Dorsal Recumbent

a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
Definition
 That gave the position in which patients lie on my back with the position of the
legs bent, feet flat on the bed and both legs stretched.
b. Purpose
a. The examination and the nursing in the area genetalia.
b. Procedure gave birth to.
c. indication
a. Be done on pregnant woman.
b. Done at the time of the vulva hygine.
d. Contraindication
Its being done on the client the atritis for limited to bend your knees and hips.

10. Sims