Professional Documents
Culture Documents
II/ Chun b
* Gio vin
- Phiu hc tp.
* Hc sinh
- n tp kin thc c, c trc bi mi.
III/ Phng php
- m thoi nu vn .
- Thuyt trnh.
IV/ T chc hot ng dy hc
1. n nh lp (1')
2. Kim tra bi c (5')
Vit v gi tn cc ng phn hirocacbon thm ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10?
C 2 H5 CH3 CH3 CH3
1 CH3 1 1
6 6 6
2 2 2
5 3 3 5 3
5
4 CH3 4
4
CH3
tit trc chng ta tm hiu 2 phn ng th nguyn t H vng benzen l phn ng th Brom v phn ng nitro ha. Hm nay
chng ta tip tc tm hiu thm mt s tnh cht ha hc ca benzen v ng ng.
Ni dung (38'):
Thi gian Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ni dung ghi bng
Hot ng 1: A. BENZEN V NG NG
Phn ng th nguyn t H vng benzen III. Tnh cht ha hc
ca cc ankylbenzen. 1. Phn ng th
- Phn tch cho HS hiu i vi ankylbenzen: * Th nguyn t H ca vng
c nhm ankyl (y e) lm tng kh nng benzen.
hot ha ca vng benzen do inh hng i vi ankylbenzen
sn phm th vo v tr o-, p-. Tc to ra 2
sn phm th vng benzen 2 v tr o- v p-.
- Hng dn HS vit phng trnh v d: - Vit PTHH. - Phn ng vi halogen (Br2,)
CH3 CH3
Br Br
+ HBr + HBr
CH3 CH3
o-bromtoluen o-bromtoluen
(41%) (41%)
+ Br2 Fe + Br2 Fe CH3
CH3
18 pht
+ HBr + HBr
Br Br
p-bromtoluen p-bromtoluen
(59%) (59%)
GIO N THC TP GING DY
BI 35: BENZEN V NG NG (tit 2)
- Tng t, yu cu HS hon thnh PTHH sau: - Vit PTHH. - Phn ng vi HNO3 (nitro ha):
CH3 CH3
NO2 NO2
CH3 CH3
+ H2O + H2O
+ H2O + H2O
NO2 NO2
- Gii thiu v thuc n TNT. p-nitrotoluen p-nitrotoluen
(42%) (42%)
brom v axit nitric, yu cu HS nu quy tc Cc ankylbenzen d tham gia phn ng Cc ankylbenzen d tham gia phn
ankyl.
- Yu cu HS vit PT phn ng nitro ha
- Vit PTPU:
benzen (t l 1:1). - Nu vng benzen c sn nhm
th ht electron nh NO2 th phn
ng th kh hn v u tin th v
- Hng dn HS vit PTPU khi tip tc tr meta.
-
cho nitrobenzen tc dng vi HNO3, xc V d:
tc H2SO4 c. Nu vng benzen c sn
nhm th ht electron NO2 th phn ng
th u tin th v tr meta.
Nn ta ch gp mt s t trng hp nh:
benzen cng clo di tc dng ca nh sng
t ngoi v cng H2 c Ni lm xc tc.
HS vit PTP, ch iu kin phn ng.
c tn sn phm.
+ Cng vi H2: Khi un nng, c xc - Vit PTHH: a. Cng hiro
tc Ni hoc Pt, benzen v ankylbenzen cng
vi H2 to thnh xicloankan.
xiclohexan
hy chm ca n.
Hot ng 3: 4. Phn ng oxi ha
Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton a. Oxi ha khng hon ton.
- Gii thiu HS v th nghim khi cho
Benzen v Toluen ln lt tc dng vi
KMnO4.
- Kt qu: Benzen khng lm mt mu dung
8 pht dch KMnO4 ngay c khi un nng. Toluen
lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4 khi un
nng, c to kt ta mu en.
- Yu cu HS nghin cu SGK ln bng - Vit PTHH.
vit PTPU gia Toluen v KMnO4.
- Tng t toluen, cc ankylbenzen khc
khng lm mt mu dung dch thuc tm
iu kin thng nhng lm mt mu thuc
tm khi un nng.
2
benzen v cn bng. C6H6 +
15
O2
6CO2 + 3H2O
t0
2 + 3H2O
3n - 3
CnH2n-6 + O2
t0
nCO2
GV a ra PTTQ. 2
3n - 3 + (n-3)H2O
CnH2n-6 + O2
t0
nCO2
2
+ (n-3)H2O
Nhn xt: nH O < nCO
2 2
nCO2 - nH 2O = 3naren
GIO N THC TP GING DY
BI 35: BENZEN V NG NG (tit 2)
Phiu hc tp
Bi 1: ( mc bit) Tnh cht ha hc no khng phi ca benzen?
A. D th. B. Km bn vi cc cht oxi ha.
C. Kh cng. D. Bn vi cc cht oxi ha.
Bi 2: (mc bit) Phn ng benzene tc dng vi clo to C6H6Cl6 xy ra trong iu kin:
A. C bt Fe xc tc. B. C dung mi nc.
C. C nh sng khuch tn. D. C dung mi CCl4.
Bi 3: (mc vn dng) t chy hon ton 9,2 gam mt ankylbenzen A thu c 30,8 gam CO2.
Cng thc phn t ca A l?
A. C6H6 B. C7H8. C. C8H10. D. C9H12
.
Bi 4: (Mc hiu) Khi t mt mol ankylbenzen th:
5. Dn d: (1)
- Lm bi tp t 813 Sgk.
- n bi c.
GIO N THC TP GING DY
BI 35: BENZEN V NG NG (tit 2)
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(K tn) (K tneej