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Grammar: Main Clause Subordinate Clause
Grammar: Main Clause Subordinate Clause
Adjective Clause dinamakan juga RELATIVE CLAUSE yaitu Clause (anak kalimat)
yang digunakan/berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan keadaan noun atau
pronoun. Untuk lebih jelasnya penjelasan mengenai Adjective Clause, perhatikan
penjelasan di bawah ini:
Contoh:
I have read the book (that) you just mentioned.
Anak kalimat menerangkan kata benda the book, disebut dengan Adjective Clause
The lesson (that) she is learning is very difficult.
Berdasarkan pada the Antecedent yang ditunjuk oleh introductory words (kata-kata
pendahulunya), Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 macam, yaitu:
1. Relative Pronoun
Kata Ganti Orang
Fungsi :
a. Subjek:
- He paid the money to the man who / that had done the work
Fungsi:
a. Subjek:
- She was wearing the coat for which she had paid $2,00.
2. Relative Adverbs
Waktu
Tempat
Alasan
_________________________
1. Relative Pronoun
2. Relative Adverb
Pelajaran tentang ini dibahas lebih lengkap pada Relative Clause. Hal-hal yang perlu
ditambahkan di sini, yaitu:
When atau Where Bering dapat Baling ditukarkan dengan Preposition yang
menunjukkan tempat (a preposition of Place) ditambah dengan Which.
- The small town in which (= where) I was born has grown to a large metropolis.
- The day on which (= when) they were to leave finally arrived.
a. Adjective Clause
b. Adjective Phrase
* The girl sitting next to me is Lisa.
==> The boy playing the piano is Bent.
* Adjective Clause: The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
* Adjective Phrase: The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
* Adjective Clause: Ali is the man who is responsible for preparing the budget.
* Adjective Phrase: Ali is the man responsible for preparing the budget.
* Adjective Clause: The books that are on the shelf are mine.
* Adjective Phrase: The books on the shelf are mine.
(2) Jika tidak ada verb be dalam Adjective Clause, seringkali subjek pronoun
dapat dihilangkan dan mengubah kata kerja dalam Clause itu menjadi bentuk -ing.
Seringkali Adjective Clause digunakan dalam pola: noun + of which. Pola ini
terutama digunakan untuk tulisan bahasa Inggris resmi (formal written English).
Dalam pola ini biasanya Adjective Clause menerangkan "sesuatu".
Ungkapan kuantitas dengan "of" antara lain: some of, none of, both of, one of,
many of, two of, all of, each of, most of, dll.
* There are 20 students in my class. Most of them are from the Outside Java.
--> There are 20 students in my class, most of whom are from the Outside Java.
Keterangan:
Contoh pertama menggambarkan bahwa Henry memiliki lebih dari 1 istri. Pada
kalimat tersebut pembicara ingin mengindentifikasikan istrinya yang bekerja di
Bank, bukan yang lainnya.
Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, kita sudah jelas, kalau Alex memiliki hanya 1
orang istri. Frase yang berada di antara koma hanya memberikan keterangan
tambahan saja. Tanpa frase tersebut pun orang lain sudah mengetahuinya kalau
istrinya Alex memang bekerja di sebuah Bank karena memang istrinya cuma 1
itu.
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini untuk lebih jelasnya dalam penggunaan tanda koma
dalam Adjective Clause.
Ada 2 macam perbedaan yang penting antara dua jenis Clause tersebut: perhatikan contoh
berikut ini:
Adjective Clause biasanya didahului oleh noun atau pronoun yang diterangkan.
Adjective Clause
(where he lives mempunyai antecedent the house, yang merupakan objek dari kata
know)
Noun Clause
Preposisi yang mendahului introductory word adalah milik Adjective Clause dan bukan
milik Noun Clause.
Adjective Clause
The woman to whom he has been giving money is a poor relative of his.
Noun Clause
He gives money to whoever needs it.
(The Noun Clause dimulai dengan whoever, seluruh Noun Clause itu adalah objek dari
to, yang tidak dapat dipindah letaknya. Dan juga -ever- merupakan bentuk yang hanya
bergandeng (mengikuti) dengan Noun Clause.
1. The theft was committed last night. The police has caught the man.
2. The French language is different from the Latin language. Latin was once spoken
throughout Europe.
5. The landlord was proud of his strength. He despised the weakness of his tenants.
9. A fox once met a crane. The fox had never seen a crane before.
10. The shop keeper keeps his money in a wooden case. This is the wooden case.
Answers
1. The police has caught the man who committed the theft last night.
2. The French language is different from the Latin language which was once spoken
throughout Europe.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you are looking upset.
4. All the plans which he had for making money quickly have failed.
5. The landlord who was proud of his strength despised the weakness of his tenants.
9. A fox which had never seen a crane before once met a crane.
10. This is the wooden case where the shopkeeper keeps his money.