CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION:

1.1 BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ABUJA

Having realized the inadequacies of Lagos to serve as the nations capital, the federal

Government of Nigeria decided in 1978 to establish a federal a federal capital of about

89000 Km2 at a location with easy accessibility from all part of the country by road, rail

and Air. The new National capital was to serve as symbol of our unity and greatness, and

less vulnerable to external aggression. (Federal Ministry of Justice, 1976). The few local

inhabitants I the area then were to be resettled outside the FCT into places of their choice

at Government expense (Federal Ministry of Justice), impliedly, the Federal Government

declared a principle of equal citizenship within the Territory where no one could claim

any privilege of indignity (Federal Ministry of Justice, 1976). The above formed the

major resettlement policy statement (Jehey 2002). In view of these to make the capital

city a neutral ground to all Nigerian alike a master plan was drawn with respect to a

virgin land inhabited by nobody. It is said to planned to the standard of modern cities of

the world.

1.2 FCDA AND ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

Federal capital development Authority (FCDA) as the name implies, it is the Ministry

under Federal capital territory Administration (FCTA) it is charged with the

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responsibility of allocating, supervising of all developmental activities with the territory

with the minister as the a head of the affairs, assisted by the minister of State for FCT.

FCDA is subdivided into different Department according to their relevance in the

territory they are:-

Department of resettlement and compensation

Urban and regional planning

Department of development control.

Department of surveyor

Department of finance.

Abuja municipal area council

Abuja geographical information system [AGIS]. Etc.

All these departments are headed by directors and assistant directors, as shown in

the organization structure below

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1.3 THE GOALS AND MANDATE OF FCDA.

FCDA as the name implies i.e. Federal Capital Development Authority is charged

with enormous responsibility of the maximum, allocation, monitoring execution

federal projects in Abuja in accordance with the master plan of the federal capital

city of Nigeria. Abuja has a total land mass of approximately 8,000 sqkm.

It is the responsibility of FCDA to develop the Nigeria capital city without

compromising any substandard jobs done by any contractor. The FCDA does not

entertain any illegal structure which is contrary to the land use act of FCT. All

contravene development are sanction by issuing notice of demolition without

compensation as the case may be.

The following are the major goals of FCDA.

Making sure that the master plan is strictly ad her to in terms of physical, social

and economic development.

Giving equal opportunity to all Nigeria in the allocation of federal resources.

FCDA make sure there is no change of land use without the approval by the

authority.

It sanction defaulters of the FCT land use act of 2004 which attraction

demolition by the department of Development Control, Abuja metropolitan

council.

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1.4 LOCATION OF FCDA.

FCDA is located in Garki Area 11 along Shehu Shagari way in FCT Abuja, it is

where all planning and implementation of all FCT development activities due take

place, this is where the FCT minister office is situated every project approval within

the FCT comes from the ministers office in FCDA.

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 CHAPTER TWO

2.0PROGRAMMES, OBJECTIVES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF

RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION FCDA MY PLACE OF WORK
EXPERIENCE.

Introduction: Resettlement is an inevitable physical and social planning exercise used

as a tool to improve the well being of certain people in a special area. Mr. Adesina

Kayode TPO. Resettlement is used especially in the modern times to prefer to the

movement of people to a new settlement with the aim of having better, safer and

modern environment for existence.

Resettlement involves re-arranging land uses within a community or moving

communities from one place to another to allow for needed development activities.

Resettlement is derived from a word Re-settle which means to help people go and

live in a new country or area.

Resettlement is a tool for achieving certain objectives, such as the betterment of

livelihoods, the improvement of land use or national economic growth. The premise

in which resettlement acquires its aim lays on the policy in place. The potency of

resettlement exercise lays on good management and socio-economic well being of the

people concerned.

There have been so many resettlement exercises in the different countries all over the

world, but the fundamentals for its success remain the same. The successes of any

resettlement exercise lays on the following:

a. The goal of improving land use in order to enhance sustainable livelihoods.

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b. The correction of existing land use through participatory planning by all stakeholders,

including the relocation of land use where it is socio-economically and physically

feasible.

c. The prevention of future lane use problems through the introduction of better land

planning tools and compliance mechanisms to ensure that land use is done wisely and

that planning will be respected. [IT Mr. adesina Kayode].

Compensation: This is the process or act of given money or facilities to a person or

group of person as a result of damage/involuntary movement from one place to

another.

Lecture by Town Planner Miss Kubura.

2.1 STRUCTURAL UNITS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF

RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION

The planning and designing unit

The architectural unit

The technical unit

The account unit

The administrative unit

Estate developers and valuers unit

Electrical unit

Surveyor unit etc.

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All these above mentioned units play a significant role in the physical planning,

designing, implementation and monitoring of any resettlement project of the federal

government across the country.

At the beginning of the IT programme we were introduced to different topic of study i.e.

course outline in which all the IT Students, Service Coppers and Staffs assembled every

Tuesday in the departmental planning studio to receive lecture/seminar which were

presented by a resource person base on his or her field of specialization as we shall see in

the subsequent paragraph.

The lectures/seminar is presented by department staffs. These are the topics

below:-

a. 10/5/11 Topic: contravention and its effect in resettlement schemes.

Causes of contravention and recommendation to solving the

problems.

b. 17/5/11 Topics: design guide for resettlement planning and outline of design

Methodology.

c. Assignment 18/5/11 planning a layout for new resettlement scheme with emphasis

on:

High density area for low income earner

Medium density area for High class

CBD central business district for a total population of 180 people.

Here is the drawn copy of the layout attached

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 d. 24/5/11 Topics: resettlement and compensation its legality on land use act e.g.

Construction of dams.

Environmental hazard e.g. flooding/volcanic eruption signs.

The need to use a particular piece of land by the government on which it has a

prevailing interest.

e. 14/6/11 Topic: developing social housing policy with emphasis on housing

project.

E.g. to checkmate mortgage system in Nigeria in terms of

financial accessibility.

Land tenure system and land leasing.

Projecting and obtaining data for planning purposes.

Discouraging rural urban migration by providing social infrastructures.

f. 21/6/11 Topic: Resettlement in FCT lesson from literature and experience.

It is complex due to the interest of the resettlers and the

authority.

Resettler interest

Minimum destruction of properties

Family relationships are maintained.

Authority interest

To move them as fast as possible at minimum cost.

Government must compensate the resettlers.

The major compensable cash repayment for resettlement projects are listed below:-
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 g. 5/7/11 Topic: Resettlement planning. A case study in Latin America e.g. Brazil and

Mexico emphasis on Design. Planning standard and the challenges of cultural

transplant.

h. 5/7/11 assignment was given to differentiate between Green and brown agender

and the balances between the two agender.

Green agender has to do with city governance and development.

Brown agender it is a way of controlling the city as relate to urban expansion in terms

of population growth to reduce the activities that would result to increase in

anthropogenic activities of man as it affect the ecosystem.

i. 12/7/11 Topic: Resettlement planning in Asia case studies Singapore, China and

India.

The 3 countries carryout resettlement project for 3 reasons:

Hydroelectric purpose

Security/Airport

Sewage

Their resettlement schemes are the same with that of Nigeria but the only different is

their cultural transplant among the 3 tribes.

j. 19/7/11 Topic: Contravention, Notice and Enforcement.

Contravention is doing something contrary to the original lay down law or guide.

Notice simply mean paying attention on issues.

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 Enforcement means compelling one to do the right thing or sanctioning a contravener

over doing wrong thing.

26/7/11 Topics: Reconciling the discrepancy between the detail site development

plan and the realities on site i.e. surveyor lecturer He defines surveyor as the act of

measuring on the ground to having accurate perimeter as in the paper.

Steps toward achieving perfect surveying

Site overview

Location and control

Selection of points with reference to co-ordinate points

Perimeters surveyor i.e. transverse making

Detailing i.e. determining the terrain on map at site

Submission of datas to planner for designing

Generation of data and production of map layout as in the case of Apo resettlement

town, these is the generated layout of Apo resettlement scheme as shown below:

Types of Surveyor:

Real surveyor i.e. for a virgin area of land

As built surveyor: This is surveying already built area in order to adjust facilities to

suit the present realities on ground e.g. Road, Water pipeline, Electricity line, Sewage

drainage system etc.

2/8/11 Topics: Waste management in resettlement towns [A case study of A

Apo and Kubwa FCT Abuja.

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 The study established that Apo and Kubwa a resettlement were not connected with

the central sewage system. Similarly 93.8% of the residents were not aware of the

need to collect and store solid waste. Also, meager 10% of the residents had

drainage within their compounds.

The study concluded that for a successful resettlement scheme, the dept should

encourage the participation of private companies in the formulation of a waste

management program so as to have a well co-ordinated and healthy resettlement and

compensation should be empowered to issue development permit to intending

companies and individual in the various resettlement schemes.

Presented by Snr. Arch. Saliman Dauda Mina.

9/8/11 Topics: Resettlement planning, case study in Africa (Kenya and South

Africa). Emphasis on design, planning and challenges of cultural

transplant.

We were told that the major resettlement scheme in Kenya were funded by the

World Bank i.e. construction of social infrastructures. While South Africa has not

really embanked on any major resettlement program except for the apartheid of

struggle for their freedom from the western power etc.

This is the summary of the lectures we heard in the course of my IT period in the

department of resettlement and compensation FCDA Abuja.

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Work experience at Apo resettlement site office:

Apo is one of the recent concluded resettlement schemes within the FCT. It has a

land mass of 300 hectares, with already constructed houses of about 876. The people

resettled to Apo were move form Garki village within the FCT main moving out all

villages within the capital city to at least 5km away in order to reconstruct the city to

its original master plan.

I was posted to Apo site office on the 26/5/11 the site afford me the opportunity to

see and practically participate in the activities of what I had learn theoretically in

then lectures received in the office as I explained earlier in the previous chapter Two.

This is Apo resettlement layout.

In the site I was attached to 5 supervisors, A Senior Town planner, Senior Architect,

Technical Officers and Two other Town planners all registered in their various

career.

I was thought the process of examining a building plan before approving for

development on site, this has to do with the minimum set back standard from the

fence to the main building, which are 6m at the front of the building, 3 meters at both

side of the building and minimum 3meters at the back before any other building can

be started.

I was thought the meaning of TDP which mean [Title Deed Plan], it shows the size

of the plot, on which the architect based his site plan building drawing.

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 I was thought the use of Beacon on plots; it is the beacon that is used to show

demarcation of boundary between different plots in a site.

Title Deed Plan has the orientation of the adjoining plot that is where a building

should face in term of road accessibility, gate house etc.

I was thought the different between a commercial building and a residential,

multipurpose land use area.

I learnt about the minimum block fence of a residential house which is 1-5m.

I learnt the guides to complied with before a building plan can be approve. These

guides include the following:-

a. Drawing your building plan with recommended setback standard.

b. Attached your land allocation letter.

c. Attached a copy of your TDP.

d. Write an application letter to the director Development Control, Abuja metropolitan

council through Director Resettlement and compensation dept for building plan

approval stating your plot number e.g. plot 200 at Apo and the type of structure e.g.

is it Bungalow or Duplex, or shopping complex as the case may be, the drawing must

be sealed by registered Architect, Stamp and sign and in the case of Duplex an

undertaken form shall be given to the structural Engineer to fill and sign in caf of

building collapse he/she shall be held responsible. These are samples of the

document below:-

I usually went to site supervision with my superior site officers, contravene structures

are marked with red paint, write RTF which mean [resettlement Task Force], Date

and Snapped photograph for future reference purposes. Illegal structures are

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 demolition after the expiration of the various notices served to the developers these

are some of the samples of notice and pictures below:-

I also learnt about the percentage of land that should be use for Development i.e.

house i.e. land covers area.

Build up area.

Built area 41%

This is a sample below:-

I had the knowledge of Deed of calculation which deals with the calculation of all the

structural building materials and their carrying capacity e.g. Floor, Beam loading,

Beam, shear, Ground Floor, First floor as in the case of Duplex, column Base and

ultimate shear etc.

So when all the aforementioned condition is met then your building plan could be

approved for commencement of work, any thing short of these conditions is refers to

contraventions.

I learnt about all the processes from the proposal stage to conception and

implementation in the resettlement schemes in FCT. For example I was given an

assignment to resettle the people of Kabusa district in FCT.

Steps taken first of all include the following. A proposal was taken to the village

head of the villagers that met with the authority representatives and the benefit of the

project was discussed and accepted by the two parties, a site was selected by the

villagers who were to be resettle, property enumeration forms was used to collect

data as shown in the fig. below. The data was used to draw out plan for the new

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resettlement scheme. Satellite imagery was taking as a topomap to certain the relief

features of the area of land. E.g. contour map.

These contour lines help to show area of high, low and steep elevation, these enable

planner in the distribution of infrastructural facilities such as road, schools, market,

area dominated by law income earners and the intermedial settlers etc. fig. below

shown the contour map used for the project.

Furthermore surveyors were sent to the site for site overview, location and control,

selection of points with reference to co-ordinate points, transverse making, detailing

to determine the site terrains, the detail datas was submitted to me which I used to

produce the new Kabusa resettlement layout as shown in the fig. below:-

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 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 CONCLUSION:

SIWES had offered me the opportunity of acquiring an additional knowledge of other

field of specialization such as knowledge of planning and designing of town layout,

as a geographer busy studying the earth and its numerous features without

understanding the right arrangement of spatial distribution of these features may be

meaningless to man kind and it might result to hazardous living on the same planet

earth. Conclusively I can boldly say that what I had learn through my SIWES

program would help me to improve in my career future.

4.1 RECOMMENDATION:

Industrial training fund ITF. Should be seen by Govt. in terms of proper or adequate

funding in order to face the modern trend of youth unemployment in the society.

SIWES allowances should be paid to students promptly in order to aid in the typing

and presentation of its IT report in good time.

The department of resettlement and compensation FCDA need adequate funding

because area like Apo resettlement scheme is still lacking a lot of social

infrastructure such as adequate roads, portable drinking water functional market etc.

these require serious and urgent attention, and except urgent step is taking the full

mission of the resettlement purpose can not be achieve these is exactly what is

holding the people of Garki village back from moving totally to the new Apo town.

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