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Chapter 6 - Fall14 PDF
Chapter 6 - Fall14 PDF
Conservation of energy:
DEsystem + DEsurroundings = 0
W = Fx x + Fy y = E
Wsurr = Fx x + Fy y + Fzz
W = (Fcosq) Dx = F Dx
W = F . Dr = Fx x + Fy y + Fzz = |F||Dr|cosq = F r
Example: Throw a ball straight up
You throw a 250 gram ball straight up, and it rises 8 meters into the air.
Neglecting air resistance, is work positive or negative? How much work
is done by the gravitational force? Fy = -2.45 N; W = -19.6 J.
6.4 Update form of the energy principle
You hold a ball of mass 0.5 kg at rest in your hand, then throw it
forward, underhand, so that as it leaves your hand its speed is 20 m/s.
How much work did you do on the ball? Note that you do not know
how big a force you applied, nor do you know the distance through
which you applied the force.
6.7 Work done by a non-constant force
W = F1 . r1 + F2 . r2 + F3 . r3 + (small steps)
W = F . r
W=
. d .
Example: A ball of mass 100 g is 7 m above the ground, initially at rest (Ki = 0).
When the ball is 4 m above the ground, what is the kinetic energy Kf? Choose the
ball + Earth as the system. (Kf = 2.94 J)
6.8 Potential energy in multiparticle systems
Initially two stars are very far apart, at rest, but they attract each other.