1-86 A multifluid container is connected to a U-tube, as shown in Fig. P1-86. For the given specific gravities and fluid column heights, determine the gage pressure at A, Also determine the height of a mercury column that would create the same pressure at A. Answers: 0.471 kPa, 0.353 cm FIGURE P1-86 1-97. The pilot of an airplane reads the altitude 3000 m and the absolute pressure 58 kPa when flying over a city. Caleu- late the local atmospheric pressure in that city in kPa and in mm Hg. Take the densities of air and mercury to be 1.15 kg/m? and 13,600 kg/m?, respectively. Altitude: 3 km_ P=58kPa FIGURE P1-971-94 The force generated by a spring is given by F = kx, where k is the spring constant and x is the deflection of the spring. The spring of Fig. P1-94 has a spring constant of 8 KN/ cm. The pressures are P, = 5000 kPa, P, = 10,000 kPa, and P; = 1000 kPa. If the piston diameters are D, = 8 em and D, = 3 em, how far will the spring be deflected? Answer: 1.72 cm FIGURE P1-942-127 Windmills slow the air and cause it to fill a larger channel as it passes through the blades. Consider a circular ‘windmill with a 7-m-diameter rotor in a 10 m/s wind on a day when the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa and the tempera- ture is 20°C. The wind speed behind the windmill is mea- sured at 9 m/s. Determine the diameter of the wind channel downstream from the rotor and the power produced by this windmill, presuming that the air is incompressible, FIGURE P2-1272128 Ina hydroelectric power plant, 100 m°/s of water flows from an elevation of 120 m to a turbine, where electric power is generated. The overall efficiency of the turbine-generator is 80 percent. Disregarding frictional losses in piping, estimate the electric power output of this plant. Answer: 94.2 MW FIGURE P2-128