MOLE CONCEPT & STOICHIOMETRY

Fill in the blanks:

1. 3 g of a salt of molecular weight 30 is dissolved in 25a0 g of water. The molality of the

solution is ..
(1983-1 Mark)

2. The weight of 1 x 1022 molecules of CuSO4.5H2O is .. (1991-1 Mark)

3. The compound YBa2Cu3O7, which shows superconductivity, has copper in oxidation

state.. . Assume that the rare earth element yttrium is in its usual + 3
oxidation state. (1994-1 Mark)

Multiple Choice Questions with ONE correct answer:

1. If 0.50 mole of BaCI 2 is mixed with 0.20 mol of Na 3PO4, the maximum number of moles of
Ba3(PO4)2 that can be formed is
(a) 0.70 (b) 0.50
(c) 0.20 (d) 0.10 (1981-1 Mark)

2. One mole of N2H4 loses ten moles of electrons to form a new compound Y. Assuming that all
the nitrogen appears in the new compound, what is the oxidation state of nitrogen in Y?
(There is no change in the oxidation state of hydrogen).
(a) 1 (b) 3
(c) +3 (d) +5 (1981-1 Mark)

3. The oxidation number of carbon in CH2O is

(a) 2 (b) +2
(c) 0 (d) +4 (1982-1 Mark)

4. A molal solution is one that contains one mole of a solute in:

(a) 1000 g of the solvent (b) one litre of the solvent
(c) one litre of the solution (d) 22.4 litres of the solution (1986-1 Mark)

5. The brown ring complex compound is formulated as [Fe(H2O)5(NO)]SO4. The oxidation

state of iron is:
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 0 (1987-1 Mark)

6. The equivalent weight of MnSO4 is half its molecular weight when it is converted to:
(a) Mn2O3 (b) MnO2
(c) MnO -4 (d) MnO24- (1988-1 Mark)

7. In which mode of expression, the concentration of a solution remains independent of

temperature?
(a) Molarity (b) Normality
(c) Formality (d) Molality (1988-1 Mark)

8. The oxidation number of phosphorus in Ba(H2PO2)2 is:

(a) +3 (b) +2
(c) +1 (d) 1 (1990-1 Mark)

9. The oxidation states of the most electronegative element in the products of the reaction,
BaO2, with dil. H2SO4 is
(a) 0 and 1 (b) 1 and 2
 Mole Concepts & 2
Stoichiometry
(c) 2 and 0 (d) 2 and 1 (1991-1 Mark)

10. Read the following statement and explanation and answer as per the options given below:
STATEMENT(S): In the titration of Na2CO3 with HCI using methyl orange indicator, the
volume required at the equivalence point is twice that of the acid required using
phenolphthalein indicator
EXPLANATION (E): Two moles of HCI are required for the complete neutralization of one
mole of Na2CO3.
(a) Both S and E are true and E is the correct explanation of S.
(b) Both S and E are true and E is not the correct explanation of S.
(c) S is true but E is false.
(d) S is false but E is true. (1991-2 Mark)

11. For the redox reaction:

MnO-4 + C2 O24- + H+ Mn2+ + CO2 + H2O
The correct coefficients of the reactants for the balanced reaction are
MnO -4 C2O4- H+
(a) 2 5 16
(b) 16 5 2
(c) 5 16 2
(d) 2 16 5 (1982-1 Mark)

12. The number of moles of KMnO4 that will be needed to react completely with one mole of
ferrous oxalate in acidic solution is
3 2
(a) (b)
5 5
4
(c) (d) 1 (1997-1 Mark)
5

13. The normality of 0.3 M phosphorous acid (H3PO3) is,

(a) 0.l (b) 0.9
(c) 0.3 (d) 0.6 (1999-2 Mark)

14. The oxidation number of sulphur in S8, S2F2, H2S respectively, are
(a) 0, +1 and 2 (b) +2, +1 and 2
(c) 0, +1 and +2 (d) 2, +1 and 2 (1999-2 Mark)

15. Amongst the following identify the species with an atom in +6 oxidation state
3-
(a) MnO -4 (b) Cr(CN)6
2-
(c) NiF6 (d) CrO2Cl2 (2000-Scr.)

-
16. The reaction, 3ClO (aq) ClO3- (aq) + 2Cl- (aq), is an example of
(a) oxidation reaction (b) reduction reaction
(c) disproportionation reaction (d) decomposition reaction (2001-scr.)

17. An aqueous solution of 6.3 g oxalic acid dihydrate is made up to 250 ml. The volume of 0.1N
NaOH required to completely neutralize 10 ml of this solution is
(a) 40 ml (b) 20 ml
(c) 10 ml (d) 4 ml (2001-scr.)

18. In the standardization of Na2S2O3 using K2Cr2O7 by iodometry, the equivalent weight of
K2Cr2O7 is
(a) (molecular weight)/2 (b) (molecular weight)/6
(c). (molecular weight)/3 (d) same as molecular weight(2001-scr.)
 Mole Concepts & 3
Stoichiometry

19. How many moles of electron weigh one kilogram?

1
(a) 6.023x1023 (b) 1031
9.108
6.023 1
(c) 1054 (d) 108 (2002-scr.)
9.108 9.108 6.023

20. Which has maximum number of atoms?

(a) 24g of C (12) (b) 56g of Fe (56)
(c) 27g of Al (27) (d) 108g of Ag (108) (2003-scr.)

21. Mixture X = 0.02 mol of [Co(NH 3)5SO4]Br & 0.02 mol of [Co(NH3)5Br]SO4 was prepared in 2
litre of solution.
1 litre of mixture X + excess AgNO3 Y
1 litre of mixture X + excess BaCI2 Z
No. of moles of Y and Z are
(a) 0.01, 0.01 (b) 0.02, 0.01
(c) 0.01, 0.02 (d) 0.02, 0.02 (2003-scr.)

22. The pair of the compounds in which both the metals are in the highest possible oxidation
state is
(a) [Fe(CN)6]3, [Co(CN)6]3 (b) CrO2Cl2, MnO -4
(c) TiO3, MnO2 (d) [Co(CN)6]3, MnO3 (2004-scr.)

Subjective Problems

1. A 1.00gm sample of H2O2 solution containing X percent H2O2 by weight requires X ml of a

KMnO4 solution for complete oxidation under acidic conditions. Calculate the normality of the
KMnO4 solution. (1981-3 Mark)

2. Balance the following equations.

+ -
(i) Cu2O + H + NO3 Cu2 + + NO + H2O
Fe ( CN) 6
(ii) K 4
+ H2SO 4 + H2O K 2SO 4 + FeSO4 + (NH4 )2 SO4 + CO
-
(iii) C2H5OH + I2 + OH CHI3 + HCO3- + I- + H2O (1981-3 Mark)

3. Hydroxylamine reduces iron (Ill) according to the equation:

2NH2OH + 4Fe3+ N2O(g) +H2O + 4Fe2+ + 4H+
Iron (II) thus produced is estimated by titration with a standard permanganate solution. The
reaction is:
MnO -4 + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ Mn2+ + 5Fe3 + + 4H2O
A 10 ml. sample of hydroxylamine solution was diluted to 1 litre. 50 ml. of this diluted solution
was boiled with an excess of iron (Ill) solution. The resulting solution required 12 ml. of 0.02
M KMnO4 solution for complete oxidation of iron (II). Calculate the weight of hydroxylamine
in one litre of the original solution. (H = 1, N = 14, O = 16, K = 39, Mn = 55, Fe = 56).
(1982-4 Mark)

4. The density of a 3 M sodium thiosulphate solution (Na 2S2O3) is 1.25 g per ml. Calculate (i)
the percentage by weight of sodium thiosulphate, (ii) the mole fraction of sodium
-2
thiosulphate and (iii) the molalities of Na+ and S2O3 ions. (1983-5 Mark)
 Mole Concepts & 4
Stoichiometry
5. 4.08 g of a mixture of BaO and an unknown carbonate MCO 3 was heated strongly. The
residue weighed 3.64g. This was dissolved in 100 ml of I N HCI. The excess acid required
16 ml of 2.5 N NaOH solutions for complete neutralization. Identify the metal M.
(Atomic weight H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, Ba = 138). (1983-5 Mark)
 Mole Concepts & 5
Stoichiometry
6. Complete and balance the following reactions:
-
(i) Zn + NO3 Zn2+ + NH+4
2- 3+
(ii) Cr2O7 + C2H4 O C2H4 O2 + Cr
(iii) HNO3 + HCl NO + Cl2 (1981-1 Mark each)
3+ 2- 2- 4+
(iv) Ce + S2 O 8 SO 4 + Ce
-
(v) Cl2 + OH Cl + ClO- -

2+
(vi) Mn + PbO2 MnO4- + H2O
-
(vii) S + OH S2- + S2O32 -
(viii) ClO3- + I- + H2SO 4 Cl- + HSO -4 (1986-1 Mark each)
+ +
(ix) Ag + AsH3 H3 AsO3 + H

7. 2.68 x I03 moles of a solution containing an ion A n+ required 1.61 x103 moles of MnO -4 for
-
the oxidation of An+ to AO3 in acid medium. What is the value of n?(1984-2 Marks)

8. Five ml of 8N nitric acid, 4.8 ml of 5N hydrochloric acid and a certain volume of 17M
sulphuric acid are mixed together and made upto 2 litre. Thirty ml. of this acid mixture
exactly neutralise 42.9 ml of sodium carbonate solution containing one gram of
Na2CO3.10H2O in 100 ml. of water. Calculate the amount in gram of the sulphate ions in
solution. (1984-4 Marks)

9. Arrange the following in increasing oxidation number of iodine.

I2, HI, HIO4, ICl (1986-1 Mark)

10. (i) What is the weight of sodium bromate and molarity of solution necessary to prepare
85.5 ml of 0.672 N solution when the half-cell reaction is
BrO3- + 6H+ + 6e - Br - + 3H2O
(ii) What would be the weight as well as molarity if the half-cell reaction is?
2BrO3- + 12H+ + 10e- Br2 + 6H2O (1987-5 Marks)

11. A sugar syrup of weight 214.2 g contains 34.2 g of sugar (C12H22O11). Calculate: (i) molal
concentration and (ii) mole fraction of sugar in the syrup. (1988-2 Mark)

12. A sample of hydrazine sulphate (N2H6SO4) was dissolved in 100 ml. of water, 10 ml of this
solution was reacted with excess of ferric chloride solution and warmed to complete the
reaction. Ferrous ion formed was estimated and it required 20 ml. of M/50 potassium
permanganate solution. Estimate the amount of hydrazine sulphate in one litre of the
solution.
Reaction:
4Fe3 + + N2H4 N2 + 4Fe2 + + 4H+
MnO -4 + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ Mn2+ + 5Fe3 + + 4H2O (1988-3 Marks)

13. An equal volume of a reducing agent is titrated separately with 1 M KMnO 4 in acid neutral
and alkaline media. The volumes of KMnO4 required are 20 ml. in acid, 33.4 ml. in neutral
and 100 ml. in alkaline media. Find out the oxidation state of manganese in each reduction
product. Give the balanced equations for all the three half reactions. Find out the volume of
1 M K2Cr2O7 consumed; if the same volume of the reducing agent is titrated in acid medium.

14. A mixture of H2C2O4 (oxalic acid) and NaHC2O4 weighing 2.02 g was dissolved in water and
the solution made upto one litre. Ten milliliters of the solution required 3.0 mL of 0.1 N
sodium hydroxide solution for complete neutralization. In another experiment, 10.0 mL of the
same solution, in hot dilute sulphuric acid medium, required 4.0 mL of 0.1 N potassium
 Mole Concepts & 6
Stoichiometry
permanganate solutions for complete reaction. Calculate the amount of H2C2O4 and
NaHC2O 4 in the mixture. (1989-5 Marks)

15. A solid mixture (5.0 g) consisting of lead nitrate and sodium nitrate was heated below 600C
until the weight of the residue was constant. If the loss in weight is 28.0 percent, find the
amount of lead nitrate and sodium nitrate in the mixture. (1990-5 Marks)

16. Calculate the molality of 1 litre solution of 93% H 2SO4 (weight/volume). The density of the
solution is 1.84 g/mI. (1990-1 Mark)

17. A solution of 0.2 g of a compound containing Cu2+ and C2O42- ions on titration with 0.02 M
KMnO 4 in presence of H2SO 4 consumes 22.6 mL of the oxidant. The resultant solution is
neutralized with Na2CO3 , acidified with dilute acetic acid and treated with excess KI. The
liberated iodine requires 11.3 mL of 0.050 M Na2S2O3 solution for complete reduction. Find
out the molar ratio of Cu2 + and C2O24- in the compound. Write down the balanced redox
reactions involved in the above titrations. (1991-5 Marks)

18. A 1 g sample of Fe2O3 solid of 55.2 per cent purity is dissolved in acid and reduced In by
heating the solution with zinc dust. The resultant solution is cooled and made upto 100.0 ml.
An aliquot of 25.0 ml of this solution requires 17.0 ml of 0.067 M solution of an oxidant for
titration. Calculate the number of electrons taken up by the oxidant in the reaction of the
above titration. (1991-4 Marks)
19. A 2.0 g sample of a mixture of Na2CO3 , NaHCO3 and Na2SO4 is gently heated till the
evolution of CO2 ceases. The volume of CO2 at 750 mm of Hg and 298 K is measured to be
123.9 mL. A 1.5 g of the same sample requires 150 mL of (M/10) HCl for complete
neutralization. Calculate the % composition of the components of the mixture.
(1992-5 Marks)

20. One gram of commercial AgNO3 is dissolved in 50 mL of water. It is treated with 50 mL of a

KI solution. The silver iodide thus precipitated is filtered off. Excess of KI in the filtrate is
titrated with 0.1 M KIO3 solution in presence of 6 M HCl till I- ions are converted into ICI. It
requires 50 ml of 0.1 M KIO3 solution. Twenty milliliters of the same stock solution of KI
requires 30 ml of 0.1 M KIO3 under similar conditions. Calculate the percentage of AgNO3 in
the sample.
( Re action :KIO3 + 2KI + 6HCl = 3ICl + 3KCl + 3H2O ) (1992-2 Marks)
21. Upon mixing 45.0 ml of 0.25 M lead nitrate solution with 25 mL of 0.10 M chromic sulphate,
precipitation of lead sulphate takes. How many mol of lead sulphate are formed? Also,
calculate the molar concentration of the species left behind in final solution. Assume that
lead sulphate is completely insoluble. (1993-3 Marks)

22. The composition of a sample of Wustite is Fe0.93 O1.00 . What percentage of the iron is
present in the form of Fe (III)? (1994-2 Marks)

23. 8.0575 10 -2 kg of Glaubers salt is dissolved in water to obtain 1 dm3 of a solution of

density 1077.2 kg m -3 . Calculate molarity, molality and mol fraction of Na2SO4 in solution.
(1994-3 Marks)
24. A 3.00 g sample containing Fe3O4 , Fe2O3 and an inert impure substance, is treated with
excess of KI solution in presence of dilute H2SO4 . The entire iron is converted into Fe2+
along with the liberation of iodine. The resulting solution is diluted to 100 mL of the diluted
solution requires 11.0 ml of 0.5 M Na2S2O3 solution to reduce the iodine present. A 50 ml of
 Mole Concepts & 7
Stoichiometry
the diluted solution, after complete extraction of the iodine requires 12.80 mL of 0.25 M
KMnO 4 solution in dilute H2SO4 medium for the oxidation of Fe2+ . Calculate the percentages
of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the original sample. (1996-5 Marks)

25. An aqueous solution containing 0.10 g KIO3 (formula wt. = 214.0) was treated with an
excess of KI solution. The solution was acidified with HCl. The liberated I2 consumed 45.0
mL of thiosulphate solution to decolorize the blue starch-iodine complex. Calculate the
molarity of the sodium thiosulphate solution. (1998-5 Marks)

26. How many milliliters of 0.5 M H2SO4 are needed to dissolve 0.5 g of copper (II) carbonate?
(1999-3 Marks)

o
27. A plant virus is found to consist of uniform cylindrical particles of 150 A in diameter and 5000
o 3
A long. The specific volume of the virus is 0.75 cm /g. If the virus is considered to be a
single particle, find its molar mass. (1996-3 Marks)

28. Hydrogen peroxide solution (20 ml) reacts quantitatively with a solution of KMnO 4 (20 mL)
acidified with dilute H2SO4 . The same volume of the KMnO4 solution is just decolourised by
10 ml of MnSO4 in neutral medium simultaneously forming a dark brown precipitate of
hydrated MnO2 . The brown precipitate is dissolved in 10 mL of 0.2 M sodium oxalate under
boiling condition in the presence of dilute H2SO4 . Write the balanced equations involved in
the reactions and calculate the molarity of H2O2. (2001-5 Marks)

29. Calculate the molarity of water if its density is 1000 kg/m3. (2003-3 Marks)
 Mole Concepts & 8
Stoichiometry
ANSWERS

7
A 1. 0.4 2. 4.14 g 3. +
3

C 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a)

5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c)

9. (b) 10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (a)

13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (c)

17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (a)

21. (a) 22. (b)

E 1. 0.588 N 3. 39.6 g l1 4. (i) 37.92; (ii) 0.065; (iii) 7.74, 3.87

5. Ca
6. (i) 4Zn + NO3- + 10H+
4Zn2+ + NH+4 + 3H2O
(ii) Cr2O72- + 3CH3 CHO + 8H+
2Cr 3+ + 3CH3COOH + 4H2O
(iii) 2HNO3 + 6HCl
3Cl2 + 2NO + 4H2O
(iv) 2Ce3+ + S2O82-
2Ce 4+ + 2SO 24-
(v) Cl2 + 2OH-
Cl- + ClO - + H2O
(vii) 4S + 6OH-
2S2- + S2O23- + 3H2O

7. 2 8. 6.528 g
9. HI < I2 < ICl < HIO4 10. (i) 1.446 gm, 0.112 M; (ii) 1.735 g, 0.1344 M
11. (i) 0.56; (ii) 0.0099 12. 6.5 g 13. +2, +4, +6, 16.66 ml
14. 1.12 g, 0.90 g 15. 3.324 g, 1.676 g
16. 10.43 17. 1:2 18. 6
19. Na2CO3 26.5%, Na2SO4 31.5% 20. 85%
- 3+
21. 0.0075, Pb2+ = 0.05357 M, NO = 0.3214 M, Cr
3 = 0.0714 M

22. 15.05% 23. 0.25 M, 0.24 m, 4.3 10 -3

24. 49.33%, 34.8% 25. 0.062 26. 8.097 ml
27. 7.09 107 28. 0.1 29. 55.55 M