WILLS AND SUCCESSION ‘Atty. Teresita L. Cruz SYLLABUS COURSE DESCRIPTION: A detailed evaluation of the law on testate and ‘intestate succession, including a study on wills, institution and substitution of heirs, computation of legitimes of compulsory heirs, disinheritance, preterition and partition and distribution of the estate of a deceased person. CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES BOOK Ill, TITLEIV. SUCCESSION CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS (ARTS. 774-782) A. Definitions 1. Succession (Art. 774) 2. Decedent/Testator (Art. 775) 3. Heir/legatee/devisee (Art. 782) Bases/Reasons for Succession Elements of Succession Inheritance vs. Succession (Art. 776) 1. Uson vs. del Rosario, 92 Phil 530, Jan. 29, 1953 2 Ledesma vs. MeLachlin, 66 Phil $47; GR 44837, November 23, 1938 3. Rabadilla vs. CA, GR 113725, June 29, 2000 pow E, Transmission of Successional Rights (Art. 777) 4. Atty, Ferrer vs. Sps. Diaz, GR 165300, Apr. 23, 2010 5. In Re Petition For Probate of Last Will & Testament of Basilio Santiago, GR 179859, Aug. 9, 2010 6. Coja vs, CA, GR 151153, Dec. 10, 2007 (CHAPTER 2, TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION (ARTS. 783-959) SECTION 1, WILLS SUBSECTION 1, WILLS IN GENERAL (ARTS. 783-795) ‘A. Definition, Elements and Characteristics of a Will (Arts. 783-787) B. Interpretation of Wills (Arts. 788-794) 7. Reyes, et. al. vs. CA, GR 124099, October 30, 1997 8. Nepomuceno vs. CA, 139 SCRA 206, Oct. 9, 1985 C. Extrinsic Validity of Wills C.l, Asto time (Art. 795) 9, Enriquez vs. Abadia, 95 Phil 627; GR L-7188, August 9, 1954 C2, Asto place (Art. 17(1); Arts. 815-819) D, Intrinsic Validity of Wills D.1, As to time (Art. 2263) 10. Jimenez vs. Fernandez, 184 SCRA 190, Apr. 6, 1990D2. Asto place (Art. 16(2); Art. 1039) 11. Aznar vs. Garcia, GR L-16759, January 31, 1963 12, Miciano vs. Brimo, 50 Phil 867; GR 22595, November 1, 1924 13, Llorente vs. CA, GR 124371, Nov. 23, 2000 14, Dorotheo vs, CA, 320 SCRA 12, Dec. 8, 1999 SUBSECTION 2. TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY AND INTENT (ARTS. 796- 803) ‘A. Sound Mind (Art. 799) 15, Baltazar vs. Laxa, GR 174489, Apr. 11,2012 SUBSECTION 3. FORMS OF WILLS (ARTS. 804-809) ‘A. Basic Requirements for a Notarial Will (Art. 804 - 806) 16, Azuela vs. CA, GR 122880, April 12, 2006 17, Ortega vs. Valmonte, GR 157451, Dec. 16, 2005 18, Jaboneta vs. Gustilo, 5 Phil 541, January 19, 1906 19, Cafeda vs. CA, 222 SCRA 781 20. Echavez vs. Dozen Construction, et. al., GR 192916, Oct, 11, 2010 B. Acknowledgment of Wills (Art. 806) 21. Garcia vs. Gatchalian, GR L-20357, Nov. 25, 1967 22. Cruz vs. Villasor, 54 SCRA 31; GR L-32213, November 26, 1973 C. Additional Requirements for Deaf-Mute and Blind Testators (Arts, 807-808) 23. Garcia vs. Vasquez, GR L-26615, April 30, 1970 34. Alvarado vs. Gaviola, 226 SCRA 347; GR 74695, September 14, 1993 D. Formal Requirements for Holographic Wills (Arts. 810-814) 28. Ajero vs. CA, 236 SCRA 488; GR 106720, September 15, 1994 36. Kalaw vs. Relova, 132 SCRA 237; GR L-40207, September 28, 1984 27. Rodelas vs. Aranza, 204 Phil 402; GR L~58609, December 7, 1982 28, Roxas vs. de Jesus, GR-L-38338, Jan. 28, 1985 29, Uy Kiao Eng vs. Nixon Lee, GR 176831, Jan. 15, 2010 30. Codoy vs. Calugay, 312 SCRA 333, Aug. 12, 1999 E, Joint Wills (Arts, 818-819) 31. dela Cerna vs. Rebaca-Potot 12 SCRA $76, Dec. 23, 1964, GR L-20234 SUBSECTION 4, WITNESSES TO WILLS (ARTS. 820-822) ‘A. Qualifications/Disqualifications (Arts. 820-821) 32, Gonzales vs. CA, 90 SCRA 187, May 25, 1979 B. Devise/Legacy given to a Witness (Arts. 823-824) SUBSECTION 5. CODICILS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE (ARTS. 825-827) 33. Unson vs. Abella, 43 Phil 494; GR 17857, June 2, 1922SUBSECTION 6, REVOCATION OF WILLS AND TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS (ARTS. 828-834) 34, Testate Estate of Maloto vs. CA, GR 76464, February 29, 1988; 158 SCRA 451 'A. Doctrine of Dependent Relative Revocation (in relation with Arts. 832 and 837) 35. De Molo vs. Molo, 90 Phil 37, Sept. 21, 1951 SUBSECTION 7. REPUBLICATION AND REVIVAL OF WILLS (ARTS. 835-837) SUBSECTION 8. ALLOWANCE AND DISALLOWANCE OF WILLS (ARTS. 838-839) Nature of Probate Proceedings | (art, 838) Jurisdiction of the Probate Court. Grounds for Disallowance of a Will (Art. 839) Revocation vs Disallowance 36. Mereado vs. Santos, 66 Phil 215, September 22, 1938 37, Ortega vs, Valmonte, GR 157451, Dec. 16, 2005 38, Seangio vs.. Judge Reyes, GR 140371-72, Nov. 27, 2006 aooe SECTION 2. INSTITUTION OF HEIR (ARTS. 840-856) ‘A. Definition and Requisites (Arts, 840-845) 39. Pecson vs, Coronel, 45 Phil 216, October 11, 1923 40. Parish Priest of Victoria, Tarlac vs. Rigor, GR L-22036, April 30, 1979 Equal Sharing; Collective and Simultaneous Institution of Heirs (Arts. 846-849) Statement of a False Cause in the Institution of Heir (Art. 850) 41. Austria vs. Reyes, GR L-23079, Feb. 27, 1970 op Incomplete, Inadequate or Excessive Distribution of Estate (Art. 851-853) Preterition (Arts. 854-856) E.1. Definition and Requisites £2. Preterition vs. Disinheritance 42. Nuguid vs. Nuguid, 17 SCRA 449 ‘43, Acain vs. IAC, 155 SCRA 101; GR L-72706, October 27, 1987 44, Neri vs, Akutin, 74 Phil 185, May 21, 1943 45, Viado Non vs. CA, GR 137287, Feb, 15, 2000; 325 SCRA 652 % Bua Menolts vs. bhondug, OR 19899H, Fab. 3, 2016 SECTION 3. SUBSTITUTION OF HEIRS (ARTS. 857-870) ‘A. Definition, Requisites, Purpose and Limitations B. Kinds of Substitution (Arts. 858-861) C. Fideicommissary Substitution (Arts. 863-870) C1. Requisites, Limitation and Prohibitions 46. Perez vs. Garchitorena, 54 Phil 431, February 13, 1930 47. Ramirez vs. Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704, February 15, 1982 48. Kilayko, et. al. vs. Tengco, GR L-45425/ 45965, March 27, 1992 Bo* RESERVA TRONCAL (Art. 891) (Similarity /difference w/ Fideicommissary Substitution) 49. Nieva vs. Alcala, 41 Phil 915; GR 13386, October 17, 1920 $0, De Papa vs. Camacho, 144 SCRA 281; GR 28032, September 24, 1986 31, Sumaya vs. IAC, 201 SCRA 178; GR 68843-44, September 21, 1991 32. Mendoza vs. delos Santos, et. al., GR 176422, Mar. 20, 2013 SECTION 4. CONDITIONAL TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS AND TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS WITH A TERM (ARTS. 871-885) ‘A. Conditional Institution (Arts, 872-877; 833-884) 53, Rabadilla vs CA, GR 113725, June 29, 2000 B. Institution with a Term (Arts. 878, 880, 885) C. Modal Institution (Arts. 882-883) 54, Natividad vs. Gabino, 36 Phil 663 D. Condition Not To Contract Marriage (Art. 874) ‘55. Morente vs. dela Santa, 9 Phil 387 E. Disposition Captatoria (Art. 875) SECTION 5. LEGITIME (ARTS. 886-914) ‘A. Definition, Purpose and Implications B. Classification of Compulsory Heirs 56. Noble vs. Noble, 18 SCRA 1104, Deo. 17, 1966 C. Legitime of Compulsory Heirs (Arts. 888-904) D. Completion of Legitime vs. Preterition (Art, 906) E, Computation of Net Hereditary Estate (Art. 908) 22 Pe Relate with Collation of Donations (Arts. 1061-1077) a. Collation Procedure b. Duty to Collate of Grandchildren, Parents, Spouses €. Property Subject to Collation 37, Vizconde vs. CA, 286 SCRA 217, Feb. 11, 1998 38, Arellano vs. Pascual, GR 189776, Dec. 15, 2010 F. Order of Reduction of Donation (Arts. 911 & 950) SECTION 6, DISINHERITANCE (ARTS. 915-923) ‘A. Nature, Concept and Requisites of Disinheritance (Art. 915-917) B. Effects of Invalid Disinheritance (Art. 918) C. Grounds for Disinheritance (Arts. 919-921) '59. Pecson vs, Mediavillo, 28 Phil 81; GR 7890, September 29, 1914 G0. Seangio vs. Judge Reyes, GR 140371-72, Nov. 27, 2006 D. Nature and Effects of Reconciliation (Art. 922-923)SECTION 7. LEGACIES AND DEVISES (ARTS. 924-959) CHAPTER 3. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION (ARTS. 960-1014) SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS (ARTS. 960-962) ‘A. Concept of Intestate Succession (Art, 960) 61. Rodriguez vs. Borja, 17 SCRA 418, June 21, 1966 SUBSECTION 1, RELATIONSHIP (ARTS. 963-969) SUBSECTION 2. RIGHT OF REPRESENTATION (ARTS. 970-977) ‘A. Definition, Nature, Limitations and Extent of the Right of Representation 62. delos Santos vs, dela Cruz, 37 SCRA 555, Feb. 22, 1971 SECTION 2. ORDER OF INTESTATE SUCCESSION SUBSECTION 1. DESCENDING DIRECT LINE (ARTS. 978-984) 63, Sayson vs. CA, GR 8924-25, 205 SCRA 321, Jan, 23, 1992 64, Spouses Zaragosa vs. CA, GR 106401, Sept. 29, 2000 65. Pedrosa vs. CA, GR_118680, Mar. 5, 2001 66. de Jesus vs. Estate of Dizon, GR 142877, Oct. 2, 2001 67, Adlawan vs. Adlawan, GR 161916, Jan. 20, 2006 68. Santos vs. Alana, GR'154942, Aug. 16, 2005 69. Montero vs. Septimo, GR 149751, Mar. 11, 2005 SUBSECTION 2. ASCENDING DIRECT LINE (ARTS. 985-987) SUBSECTION 5, COLLATERAL RELATIVES (ARTS. 1003-1010) 70. Bagunu vs. Piedad, GR 140975 Dee. 8, 2000 71, Fernandez vs. Fernandez, GR 143256 Aug. 28, 200] 72, Abellana de Bacayo vs. Borromeo, GR-L-19382, 14 SCRA 986 Aug. 31, 1965 73. GSIS vs. Custodio, 26 SCRA 658, Jan. 27, 1969 74, Pilapil vs. Heirs of Maximino Briones, GR 150175 Mar. 10, 2006; Feb. 5, 2007 SUBSECTION 3, ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN (ARTS. 988-994) ‘A. The Iron Barrier (Art, 992) 75. Diaz vs. IAC, 182 SCRA 427, June 17, 1987 76. Cacho vs. Udan, 13 SCRA 693, April 30, 1965 77, dela Merced vs. dela Merced, GR 126707, Feb. 25, 1999 78. Albolario vs. Colinco, GR 129163, April 22, 2003 79. In Re: Intestate Estates of Josefa Delgado and Guillermo Rustia, GR 155733, Jan, 27, 2006 x Qhade Yauws ae. vs: Smee Atancen oo GR lo330a , uw 8, 01S =SUBSECTION 4, SURVIVING SPOUSE (ARTS. 995-1002) 80. Santillon vs. Miranda, 14 SCRA 563 81, Verdad vs. CA, GR 109972, 256 SCRA 593, April 29, 1996 82. Armas vs. Calisterio, GR 136467, April 6, 2000 SUBSECTION 6, THE STATE (ART, 1011-1014) 83. City of Manila vs. Archbishop, 36 Phil 504, Aug. 30, 1917 84, Republic vs. Guzman, GR 132964, Feb. 18, 2000 CHAPTER 4. PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE AND INTESTATE SUCCESSION (ARTS. 1015-1105) SECTION 1. RIGHT OF ACCRETION (ARTS. 1015-1023) SECTION 2. CAPACITY TO SUCCEED BY WILL OR BY INTESTACY (ARTS. 1024-1040) ‘A. Definition/Qualification to Inherit (Arts. 1024-1026) B. Persons Incapable of Succeeding Due to: Bil. UnduelImproper Influence (Ast. 1027) B2. Public Policy/Morality (Art. 1028) B.3, Unworthiness (Art. 1032) C. Ineffectivity of Causes of Unworthiness (Art, 1033) D. Evaluation of capacity to succeed (Arts. 1034, 1039) $5. Parish Priest of RCC of Victoria, Tarlac vs. Rigor, GR-L22036, Apr. 30, 1979 SECTION 3. ACCEPTANCE AND REPUDIATION OF INHERITANCE (ARTS. 1041-1057) SECTION 5. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ESTATE, (ARTS. 1078-1105) ‘86. Mang-oy vs. CA, 144 SCRA 33, Sept. 12, 1986, GR-L27421 87, JLT Agro Inc. vs. Balansag, GR 141882, Mar. 11, 2005 apone2016