Structural Calculation PDF

L1084 32 Abingdon Villas
APPENDIX D
STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS
Page 34 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd



Loading For The Structure:
LOADING
Roof (Existing):
Dead Loads:
- Tiles = 0.75kN/m
- Timber Structure = 0.25 kN/m
- Ceiling & Services = 0.50 kN/m
= 1.50 kN/m
Live Loads:
- Limited access roof = 0.75 kN/m
Second, First & Upper Ground Floor (Existing):

Dead Loads:
- Finishes = 0.25 kN/m
- Timber structure = 0.25 kN/m
= 1.00 kN/m
Live Loads:
- Domestic = 1.50 kN/m
Lower Ground Floor (New):

Dead Loads:
- 50mm screed = 1.10 kN/m
- 150mm RC Slab = 3.60 kN/m
= 5.20 kN/m
Live Loads:
Basement Floor (New):

Dead Loads:
- 50mm screed = 1.10 kN/m
- 350m RC slab = 8.60 kN/m
= 9.70 kN/m
Live Loads:



BEAM BB01 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 29.3 kN

Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 8.1 kN
STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950) Section details
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Section type; UKC 203x203x46 (Corus Advance); Steel grade; S275
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.04
Load Envelope - Com bination 1

17.393
0.0
mm 6200
A 1 B
Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Tensile strain coefficient; = 1.00; Section classification; Compact
Shear capacity - Section 4.2.3
Design shear force; Fv = 53.9 kN; Design shear resistance; Pv = 241.4 kN
PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force
Moment capacity - Section 4.2.5
Design bending moment; M = 83.6 kNm; Moment capacity low shear; Mc = 136.8 kNm
PASS - Moment capacity exceeds design bending moment
Check vertical deflection - Section 2.5.2
Consider deflection due to dead and imposed loads
Limiting deflection; lim = 24.8 mm; Maximum deflection; = 24.763 mm
PASS - Maximum deflection does not exceed deflection limit
Support conditions
Support A Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Support B Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Beam loads Dead self weight of beam 1
Dead full UDL 9 kN/m
Imposed full UDL 2.6 kN/m
Analysis results
Maximum moment; Mmax = 83.6 kNm; Mmin = 0 kNm
Maximum shear; Vmax = 53.9 kN; Vmin = -53.9 kN
Deflection; max = 24.8 mm; min = 0 mm
Maximum reaction at support A; RA_max = 53.9 kN; RA_min = 53.9 kN
Unfactored dead load reaction at support A; RA_Dead = 29.3 kN
Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 8.1 kN
Maximum reaction at support B; RB_max = 53.9 kN; RB_min = 53.9 kN

BEAM BB02 Maximum reaction at support B; RB_max = 17.2 kN; RB_min = 17.2 kN
Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 11.1 kN
STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950) Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 1 kN
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Section details
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.04 Section type; UKB 203x133x25 (Corus Advance); Steel grade; S275

28.685
0.0
mm 1200 5.7
A 1 B
133.2

Tensile strain coefficient; = 1.00; Section classification; Plastic
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Dead full UDL 2.3 kN/m
Analysis results
Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 1 kN

MOMENT FRAME 2 BEAM LGB2
LGB2
C1
C2
BB05
BEAM BB05

COLUMN C1
COLUMN C2

MOMENT FRAME 1
BEAM BB06
LGB03
C3
C4
BB06
C11
COLUMN C3
BEAM LGB03

COLUMN C4
COLUMN C11

BEAM BB07 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 24 kN


23.893
0.0
mm 3700
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results
Unfactored dead load reaction at support A; RA_Dead = 24 kN



23.893
0.0
mm 1200
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results
Deflection; max = 0 mm; min = 0 mm



17.393
0.0
mm 6200
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results

BEAM BB12 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 5 kN

STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950) Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 142.2 kN
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 7.4 kN
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.04 Section details
Section type; UKC 203x203x60 (Corus Advance); Steel grade; S275

132.823
0.0
mm 2700
A 1 B

Design bending moment; M = 143.3 kNm; Moment capacity high shear; Mc = 177.9 kNm
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Imposed full UDL 2 kN/m
Dead point load 25.8 kN at 1800 mm
Imposed point load 7 kN at 1800 mm
Analysis results



132.633
0.0
mm 1800
A 1 B

Limiting deflection; lim = 5 mm; Maximum deflection; = 1.379 mm
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Imposed full UDL 2 kN/m
Analysis results

BEAM BB16 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 7 kN

STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950) Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 26.8 kN
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 7 kN
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.04 Section details

50.680
0.0
mm 4800
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results
Unfactored dead load reaction at support A; RA_Dead = 60 kN


Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 7 kN

19.693
0.0
mm 4800
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results
Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 7 kN

BEAM BB18 & BB19 Section details

STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950)
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1

34.233
0.0
mm 1900
A 1 B

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Dead partial UDL 24 kN/m from 900 mm to 1900 mm
Analysis results
Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 18.1 kN

BEAM BB20 Maximum reaction at support A; RA_max = 64.9 kN; RA_min = 64.9 kN
STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950) Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 10.1 kN
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Maximum reaction at support B; RB_max = 64.9 kN; RB_min = 64.9 kN
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.04 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 34.8 kN
Section details
17.400
12.5
0.0
mm 6200
A 1 B
206.2
12.5
Design bending moment; M = 77.1 kNm; Moment capacity low shear; Mc = 156 kNm
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Dead point load 9 kN at 200 mm
Dead point load 9 kN at 6000 mm
Analysis results


In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Section type; UKB 203x133x25 (Corus Advance); Steel grade; S275

24.625
0.0 5.7
mm 1200
A 1 B
133.2

Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Analysis results

COLUMN C2 PAD FOUNDATION
PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

TEDDS calculation version 2.0.05.06 144.9 kN/m
2
144.9 kN/m
2
750 750
2 2
144.9 kN/m 144.9 kN/m
Partial safety factors for loads

Dead loads; fG = 1.40; Imposed loads; fQ = 1.60
1800 Wind loads; fW = 0.00
Ultimate axial loading on column
Pad footing details Ultimate axial load on column; PuA = 567.6 kN
Length of pad footing; L = 1800 mm; Width of pad footing; B = 1800 mm Ultimate foundation loads
Depth of pad footing; h = 450 mm; Depth of soil over pad footing; hsoil = 0 mm
Ultimate foundation load; Fu = 48.2 kN
conc = 23.6 kN/m
3
Density of concrete;
Ultimate horizontal loading on column
Column details Ult.horizontal load in x dir; HxuA = 0.0 kN; Ult. horizontal load in y dir; HyuA = 0.0 kN
Column base length; lA = 300 mm; Column base width; bA = 300 mm
Ultimate moment on column
Column eccentricity in x; ePxA = 0 mm; Column eccentricity in y; ePyA = 0 mm
Ult.moment on column in x dir; MxuA = 0.000 kNm; Ult.moment on column in y dir; MyuA = 0.000 kNm
Soil details
Ultimate pad base reaction
soil = 20.0 kN/m
3
Depth of soil over pad footing; hsoil = 0 mm; Density of soil;
2 Ultimate base reaction; Tu = 615.8 kN
Allowable bearing pressure; Pbearing = 150 kN/m
Ecc.of ult.base reaction in x; eTxu = 0 mm; Ecc.of ult.base reaction in y; eTyu = 0 mm
Axial loading on column (From Moment Frame 2 Analysis)
Calculate ultimate pad base pressures
Dead axial load; PGA = 370.0 kN; Imposed axial load; PQA = 31.0 kN 2 2 2 2
q1u = 190.053 kN/m ; q2u = 190.053 kN/m ; q3u = 190.053 kN/m ; q4u = 190.053 kN/m
Wind axial load; PWA = 34.0 kN; Total axial load; PA = 435.0 kN 2 2
Minimum ult.base pressure; qminu = 190.053 kN/m ; Maximum ult.base pressure; qmaxu = 190.053 kN/m
Foundation loads
2 2 Library item: Ultimate pressures summaryUltimate moments
Dead surcharge load; FGsur = 0.000 kN/m ; Imposed surcharge load; FQsur = 0.000 kN/m
2 Ultimate moment in x dir; Mx = 127.710 kNm; Ultimate moment in y dir; My = 127.710 kNm
Pad footing self weight; Fswt = 10.620 kN/m
Soil self weight; Fsoil = 0.000 kN/m ;
2
Total foundation load; F = 34.4 kN Material details
2 2
Char.strength of concrete; fcu = 30 N/mm ; Char.strength of reinft; fy = 500 N/mm
Calculate pad base reaction 2
Char.strength of shear reinft; fyv = 500 N/mm ; Nom.cover to reinforcement; cnom = 40 mm
Total base reaction; T = 469.4 kN
Base reaction eccentricity in x; eTx = 0 mm; Base reaction eccentricity in y; eTy = 0 mm Moment design in x direction
Base reaction acts within middle third of base Tens.reinforcement diameter; xB = 16 mm; Tens.reinforcement depth; dx = 402 mm
Calculate pad base pressures Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4); Kx = 0.015; Kx = 0.156
2 2 2 2 Kx < Kx' compression reinforcement is not required
q1 = 144.879 kN/m ; q2 = 144.879 kN/m ; q3 = 144.879 kN/m ; q4 = 144.879 kN/m
2 2 2 2
Minimum base pressure; qmin = 144.879 kN/m ; Maximum base pressure; qmax = 144.879 kN/m Tens.reinforcement required; As_x_req = 769 mm ; Minimum tens.reinforcement; As_x_min = 1053 mm
2
PASS - Maximum base pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure Tens.reinforcement provided; 12 No. 16 dia. bars btm; As_xB_prov = 2413 mm
PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required
Moment design in y direction
Tens.reinforcement diameter; yB = 16 mm; Tens.reinforcement depth; dy = 386 mm

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4); Ky = 0.016; Ky = 0.156

Ky < Ky' compression reinforcement is not required
2 2
Tens.reinforcement required; As_y_req = 801 mm ; Minimum tens.reinforcement; As_y_min = 1053 mm
2
Tens.reinforcement provided; 12 No. 16 dia. bars btm; As_yB_prov = 2413 mm
PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required
Calculate ultimate shear force at d from top face of column
2
Ult.pressure for shear; qsu = 190.053 kN/m
2
Area loaded for shear; As = 0.655 m ; Ult.shear force; Vsu = 114.781 kN
Shear stresses at d from top face of column (cl 3.5.5.2)
2
Design shear stress; vsu = 0.165 N/mm
2 2
Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.471 N/mm ; Allowable design shear stress; vmax = 4.382 N/mm
PASS - vsu < vc - No shear reinforcement required
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at face of column
2
Ult.press.for punching shear; qpuA = 190.053 kN/m ; Avg.effective reinf.depth; d = 394 mm
2
Area loaded; ApA = 0.090 m ; Length of shear perimeter; upA = 1200 mm
Ult.punching shear force; VpuA = 551.833 kN; Eff.punching shear force; VpuAeff = 551.833 kN
Punching shear stresses at face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
2
Design shear stress; vpuA = 1.167 N/mm
PASS - Design shear stress is less than allowable design shear stress
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column
2
Ult.press.for punching shear; qpuA1.5d = 190.053 kN/m ; Avg.effective reinf.depth; d = 394 mm
2
Area loaded; ApA1.5d = 2.668 m ; Length of shear perimeter; upA1.5d = 3600 mm
Ult.punching shear force; VpuA1.5d = 100.276 kN; Eff.punching shear force; VpuA1.5deff = 125.345 kN
Punching shear stresses at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
2
Design shear stress; vpuA1.5d = 0.088 N/mm
PASS - vpuA1.5d < vc - No shear reinforcement required


RAFT SLAB DESIGN AT COLUMN C1 Overall depth; hedge = 450 mm

Width; bedge = 1000 mm
RAFT FOUNDATION DESIGN (BS8110 : PART 1 : 1997) Angle of chamfer to horizontal; edge = 45 deg
Tedds calculation version 1.0.09; 2
Strength of main bar reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm
2
Strength of link reinforcement; fys = 500 N/mm
2
Reinforcement provided in top; 6 H20 bars (Asedgetop = 1885 mm )
Asslabtop 2
A sedgetop Reinforcement provided in bottom; 6 H20 bars (Asedgebtm = 1885 mm )
Link reinforcement provided; 3 H12 legs at 100 ctrs (Asv/sv = 3.393 mm)
Bottom cover to links; cbeam = 35 mm
Effective depth of top reinforcement; dedgetop = hedge - ctop - slabtop -edgelink - edgetop/2 = 398 mm
A sedgelink hslab Effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dedgebtm = hedge - cbeam - edgelink - edgebtm/2 = 393 mm
hedge hhcoreslab Internal slab design checks

Basic loading
aedge A sslabbtm Slab self weight; wslab = 24 kN/m hslab = 6.0 kN/m
3 2
whcoreslab = hcore hhcoreslab = 0.0 kN/m

2
hhcorethick Hardcore;
Applied loading
2
Asedgebtm Uniformly distributed dead load; wDudl = 1.5 kN/m
bedge 2
Uniformly distributed live load; wLudl = 1.5 kN/m
Internal slab bearing pressure check
2
Total uniform load at formation level; wudl = wslab + whcoreslab + wDudl + wLudl = 9.0 kN/m
Soil and raft definition PASS - wudl <= qallow - Applied bearing pressure is less than allowable
Soil definition Internal slab bending and shear check
2
Allowable bearing pressure; qallow = 40.0 kN/m
Applied bending moments
Number of types of soil forming sub-soil; One type only
Span of slab; lslab = depslab + dtslabav = 2220 mm
Soil density; Firm to loose
wswult = 1.4 wslab = 8.4 kN/m
2
Ultimate self weight udl;
Depth of hardcore beneath slab; hhcoreslab = 0 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
Mcsw = wswult lslab (1 + ) / 64 = 0.8 kNm/m
2
Self weight moment at centre;
Depth of hardcore beneath thickenings; hhcorethick = 0 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
Mesw = wswult lslab / 32 = 1.3 kNm/m
2
Self weight moment at edge;
hcore = 20.0 kN/m
3
Density of hardcore;
Self weight shear force at edge; Vsw = wswult lslab / 4 = 4.7 kN/m
Basic assumed diameter of local depression; depbasic = 2000mm
Diameter under slab modified for hardcore; depslab = depbasic - hhcoreslab = 2000 mm Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads
wudlult = 1.4 wDudl + 1.6 wLudl = 4.5 kN/m
2
Diameter under thickenings modified for hardcore; depthick = depbasic - hhcorethick = 2000 mm Ultimate applied udl;
Mcudl = wudlult (1 + ) / 64 = 0.4 kNm/m
2
Moment at centre; lslab
Raft slab definition
Meudl = wudlult lslab / 32 = 0.7 kNm/m
2
Moment at edge;
Max dimension/max dimension between joints; lmax = 6.200 m
Shear force at edge; Vudl = wudlult lslab / 4 = 2.5 kN/m
Slab thickness; hslab = 250 mm
2
Concrete strength; fcu = 40 N/mm Resultant moments and shears
Poissons ratio of concrete; = 0.2 Total moment at edge; Me = 2.0 kNm/m
2
Slab mesh reinforcement strength; fyslab = 500 N/mm Total moment at centre; Mc = 1.2 kNm/m
Partial safety factor for steel reinforcement; s = 1.15 Total shear force; V = 7.2 kN/m
From C&CA document Concrete ground floors Table 5 Reinforcement required in top
Minimum mesh required in top for shrinkage; A142;
Kslabtop = Me/(fcu dtslabav ) = 0.001
2
2
K factor;
Actual mesh provided in top; A393 (Asslabtop = 393 mm /m)
2
Lever arm; zslabtop = dtslabav min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabtop/0.9)) = 209.0 mm
Mesh provided in bottom; A393 (Asslabbtm = 393 mm /m)
Asslabtopbend = Me/((1.0/s) fyslab zslabtop) = 22 mm /m
2
Area of steel required for bending;
Top mesh bar diameter; slabtop = 10 mm
Asslabmin = 0.0013 hslab = 325 mm /m
2
Minimum area of steel required;
Bottom mesh bar diameter; slabbtm = 10 mm 2
Area of steel required; Asslabtopreq = max(Asslabtopbend, Asslabmin) = 325 mm /m
Cover to top reinforcement; ctop = 20 mm
PASS - Asslabtopreq <= Asslabtop - Area of reinforcement provided in top to span local depressions is adequate
Cover to bottom reinforcement; cbtm = 35 mm
Average effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabav = hslab - ctop - slabtop = 220 mm Reinforcement required in bottom
Kslabbtm = Mc/(fcu dbslabav ) = 0.001
2
Average effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dbslabav = hslab - cbtm - slabbtm = 205 mm K factor;
Overall average effective depth; dslabav = (dtslabav + dbslabav)/2 = 213 mm Lever arm; zslabbtm = dbslabav min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabbtm/0.9)) = 194.7 mm
Asslabbtmbend = Mc/((1.0/s) fyslab zslabbtm) = 14 mm /m
2
Minimum effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabmin = dtslabav - slabtop/2 = 215 mm Area of steel required for bending;
2
Minimum effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dbslabmin = dbslabav - slabbtm/2 = 200 mm Area of steel required; Asslabbtmreq = max(Asslabbtmbend, Asslabmin) = 325 mm /m
PASS - Asslabbtmreq <= Asslabbtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom to span local depressions is adequate
Edge beam definition

Shear check Limiting max dispersal to say 6 x beam depth; ppoint = min(ppointmom, 6 hedge) = 2700 mm
2
Applied shear stress; v = V/dtslabmin = 0.033 N/mm Total dispersal width of point loads; lpoint = 2 ppoint + bpoint = 5700 mm
Tension steel ratio; = 100 Asslabtop/dtslabmin = 0.183 Equivalent ultimate udl of edge load 1; wedgeudl1 = wultedge1/lpoint = 54.4 kN/m
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8; Equivalent unfactored udl of edge load 1; wedgeudl1sls = wedgeudl1 (wDedge1 + wLedge1)/wultedge1 = 38.2 kN/m
2
Design concrete shear strength; vc = 0.490 N/mm
Centroid of longitudinal and equivalent line loads from outside face of raft
PASS - v <= vc - Shear capacity of the slab is adequate
Load x distance for edge load 1; Moment1 = wedgeudl1 xedge1 = 24.5 kN
Internal slab deflection check Load x distance for edge load 2; Moment2 = wultedge2 xedge2 = 25.0 kN
Basic allowable span to depth ratio; Ratiobasic = 26.0 Sum of ultimate longitudl and equivalent line loads; UDL = 220.8 kN/m
2 2
Moment factor; Mfactor = Mc/dbslabav = 0.028 N/mm Sum of load x distances; Moment = 49.4 kN
fs = 2/3 fyslab Asslabbtmbend/Asslabbtm = 11.941 N/mm
2
Steel service stress; Centroid of loads; xbar = Moment/UDL = 224 mm
MFslab = min(2.0, 0.55 + [(477N/mm - fs)/(120 (0.9N/mm + Mfactor))])
2 2
Modification factor;
Initially assume no moment transferred into slab due to load/reaction eccentricity
MFslab = 2.000
Sum of unfactored longitudl and efftive line loads; UDLsls = 155.2 kN/m
Modified allowable span to depth ratio; Ratioallow = Ratiobasic MFslab = 52.000
Allowable bearing width; ballow = 2 xbar + 2 hhcoreslab tan(30) = 448 mm
Actual span to depth ratio; Ratioactual = lslab/ dbslabav = 10.829
qlinepoint = UDLsls/ ballow = 346.7 kN/m
2
Bearing pressure due to line/point loads;
PASS - Ratioactual <= Ratioallow - Slab span to depth ratio is adequate 2
Total applied bearing pressure; qedge = qlinepoint + wudledge = 360.1 kN/m
Edge beam design checks qedge > qallow - The slab is required to resist a moment due to eccentricity
Basic loading Now assume moment due to load/reaction eccentricity is resisted by slab
whcorethick = hcore hhcorethick = 0.0 kN/m
2
Hardcore; Bearing width required; breq = UDLsls/(qallow - wudledge) = 5836 mm
Edge beam Effective bearing width at u/s of slab; breqeff = breq - 2 hhcoreslab tan(30) = 5836 mm
wbeam = 24 kN/m hedge bedge = 10.8 kN/m
3
Rectangular beam element; Load/reaction eccentricity; e = breqeff/2 - xbar = 2694 mm
wchamfer = 24 kN/m (hedge - hslab) /(2 tan(edge)) = 0.5 kN/m
3 2
Chamfer element; Ultimate moment to be resisted by slab; Mecc = UDL e = 594.9 kNm/m
wslabelmt = 24 kN/m hslab (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 1.2 kN/m
3
Slab element; From slab bending check
Edge beam self weight; wedge = wbeam + wchamfer + wslabelmt = 12.5 kN/m Moment due to depression under slab (hogging); Me = 2.0 kNm/m
Edge load number 1 Total moment to be resisted by slab top steel; Mslabtop = Mecc + Me = 596.9 kNm/m
Load type; Point load K factor; Kslab = Mslabtop/(fcu dtslabmin ) = 0.323
2
Dead load; wDedge1 = 194.0 kN (From Moment Frame 2 Analysis) K > 0.156 - Therefore compression reinforcement is required
Live load; wLedge1 = 24.0 kN (From Moment Frame 2 Analysis) The design is outside the scope of this calculation
Ultimate load; wultedge1 = 1.4 wDedge1 + 1.6 wLedge1 = 310.0 kN
Plan dimension parallel to edge of raft; b1edge1 = 300 mm Hand calculation:
Plan dimension perpendicular to edge of raft; b2edge1 = 300 mm
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; xedge1 = 450 mm M = 596.9kNm
Edge load number 2 Slab thickness = 350mm
Load type; Longitudinal line load [Raft analysis software only allows slab depths up to 250mm, actual depth is 350mm]
Dead load; wDedge2 = 103.9 kN/m (From Load Takedown) Top cover = 25mm
Live load; wLedge2 = 13.2 kN/m(From Load Takedown) Bar = 25mm
Ultimate load; wultedge2 = 1.4 wDedge2 + 1.6 wLedge2 = 166.4 kN/m
d = 350-25-25/2 = 312.5mm
Longitudinal line load width; bedge2 = 300 mm
fck = 40N/mm2
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; xedge2 = 150 mm
k = 596.9 x106/1000x312.52x40 = 0.153<0.156
Edge beam bearing pressure check z = 312.5x[0.5 + (0.25-0.153/0.9) ] = 245mm
Effective bearing width of edge beam; bbearing = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 1200 mm
As reqd = 596.9x106/(0.87x500x245) = 5600mm2
2
Total uniform load at formation level; wudledge = wDudl+wLudl+wedge/bbearing+whcorethick = 13.4 kN/m
Longitudinal dispersal of point loads
Total dead point load; wDpoint = 194.0 kN Use H25 @ 100mm centres and H12 @ 150mm centres locally at Column C1
Total live point load; wLpoint = 24.0 kN
Total ultimate point load; wultpoint = 310.0 kN As prov = 5663mm2
Min width of point loads parallel to edge of raft; bpoint = 300 mm Edge beam bending check
Approx moment capacity of bottom steel; Medgebtm = (1.0/s) fy 0.9 dedgebtm Asedgebtm = 289.9 kNm Divider for moments due to udls; udl = 10.0
No transverse line loads therefore:- Divider for moments due to point loads; point = 6.0
Moment in edge beam due to transverse line loads; Mtrans = 0 kNm
Residual moment capacity of beam; Mresid = Medgebtm - Mtrans = 289.9 kNm
Span of edge beam; ledge = depthick + dedgetop = 2398 mm
ppointmom=[2 Mresid + (4 Mresid + 2 wultpoint Mresid bpoint)]/wultpoint
2
Max allow beam dispersal based on mt cap;
Ultimate self weight udl; wedgeult = 1.4 wedge = 17.5 kN/m
ppointmom = 3885 mm
Ultimate slab udl (approx); wedgeslab = max(0 kN/m,1.4wslab((depthick/23/4)-(bedge+(hedge-hslab)/tan(edge))))

wedgeslab = 0.0 kN/m

Medgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab) ledge /udl = 10.0 kNm
2
Self weight and slab bending moment;
Self weight shear force; Vedgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab) ledge/2 = 20.9 kN
Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads
Ultimate udl (approx); wedgeudl = wudlult depthick/2 3/4 = 3.4 kN/m
Medgeudl = wedgeudl ledge /udl = 1.9 kNm
2
Bending moment;
Shear force; Vedgeudl = wedgeudl ledge/2 = 4.0 kN
Moment and shear due to load number 1
Bending moment; Medge1 = wultedge1 ledge/point = 123.9 kNm
Shear force; Vedge1 = wultedge1 = 310.0 kN
Moment and shear due to load number 2
Medge2 = wultedge2 ledge /udl = 95.7 kNm
2
Bending moment;
Shear force; Vedge2 = wultedge2 ledge/2 = 199.5 kN
Resultant moments and shears
Total moment (hogging and sagging); Medge = 231.6 kNm
Maximum shear force; Vedge = 534.5 kN
Reinforcement required in top
Width of section in compression zone; bedgetop = bedge = 1000 mm
Average web width; bw = bedge + (hedge/tan(edge))/2 = 1225 mm
Kedgetop = Medge/(fcu bedgetop dedgetop ) = 0.037
2
K factor;
Lever arm; zedgetop = dedgetop min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgetop/0.9)) = 378 mm
Asedgetopbend = Medge/((1.0/s) fy zedgetop) = 1409 mm
2
Asedgetopmin = 0.0013 1.0 bw hedge = 717 mm
2
2
Area of steel required; Asedgetopreq = max(Asedgetopbend, Asedgetopmin) = 1409 mm
PASS - Asedgetopreq <= Asedgetop - Area of reinforcement provided in top of edge beams is adequate
Reinforcement required in bottom
Width of section in compression zone; bedgebtm = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) + 0.1 ledge = 1440 mm
Kedgebtm = Medge/(fcu bedgebtm dedgebtm ) = 0.026
2
K factor;
Lever arm; zedgebtm = dedgebtm min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgebtm/0.9)) = 373 mm
Asedgebtmbend = Medge/((1.0/s) fy zedgebtm) = 1427 mm
2
Asedgebtmmin = 0.0013 1.0 bw hedge = 717 mm
2
2
Area of steel required; Asedgebtmreq = max(Asedgebtmbend, Asedgebtmmin) = 1427 mm
PASS - Asedgebtmreq <= Asedgebtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom of edge beams is adequate
Edge beam shear check
vedge = Vedge/(bw dedgetop) = 1.096 N/mm
2
Applied shear stress;
Tension steel ratio; edge = 100 Asedgetop/(bw dedgetop) = 0.387
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8
2
Design concrete shear strength; vcedge = 0.539 N/mm
2
vedge > vcedge + 0.4N/mm - Therefore designed links required
Link area to spacing ratio required; Asv_upon_svreqedge = (vedge - vcedge) bw/((1.0/s) fys) = 1.570 mm
Asv_upon_svprovedge = Nedgelinkedgelink /(4svedge) = 3.393 mm
2
Link area to spacing ratio provided;
PASS - Asv_upon_svreqedge <= Asv_upon_svprovedge - Shear reinforcement provided in edge beams is adequate
Corner design checks

Basic loading
Corner bearing pressure check
2
Total uniform load at formation level; wudlcorner = wDudl+wLudl+wedge/bbearing+whcorethick = 13.4 kN/m
PASS - wudlcorner <= qallow - Applied bearing pressure is less than allowable

RAFT SLAB DESIGN (TYPICAL) Overall depth; hedge = 450 mm

Width; bedge = 1000 mm
RAFT FOUNDATION DESIGN (BS8110 : PART 1 : 1997) Angle of chamfer to horizontal; edge = 45 deg
Tedds calculation version 1.0.09; 2
Strength of main bar reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm
2
Strength of link reinforcement; fys = 500 N/mm
2
Reinforcement provided in top; 6 H20 bars (Asedgetop = 1885 mm )
Asslabtop 2
A sedgetop Reinforcement provided in bottom; 6 H20 bars (Asedgebtm = 1885 mm )
Link reinforcement provided; 3 H12 legs at 100 ctrs (Asv/sv = 3.393 mm)
Bottom cover to links; cbeam = 35 mm
Effective depth of top reinforcement; dedgetop = hedge - ctop - slabtop -edgelink - edgetop/2 = 398 mm
A sedgelink hslab Effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dedgebtm = hedge - cbeam - edgelink - edgebtm/2 = 393 mm
hedge hhcoreslab Internal slab design checks

Basic loading
aedge A sslabbtm Slab self weight; wslab = 24 kN/m hslab = 6.0 kN/m
3 2
whcoreslab = hcore hhcoreslab = 0.0 kN/m

2
hhcorethick Hardcore;
Applied loading
2
Asedgebtm Uniformly distributed dead load; wDudl = 1.5 kN/m
bedge 2
Uniformly distributed live load; wLudl = 1.5 kN/m
Internal slab bearing pressure check
2
Total uniform load at formation level; wudl = wslab + whcoreslab + wDudl + wLudl = 9.0 kN/m
Soil and raft definition PASS - wudl <= qallow - Applied bearing pressure is less than allowable
Soil definition Internal slab bending and shear check
2
Allowable bearing pressure; qallow = 40.0 kN/m
Number of types of soil forming sub-soil; One type only
Span of slab; lslab = depslab + dtslabav = 2220 mm
Soil density; Firm to loose
wswult = 1.4 wslab = 8.4 kN/m
2
Ultimate self weight udl;
Depth of hardcore beneath slab; hhcoreslab = 0 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
Mcsw = wswult lslab (1 + ) / 64 = 0.8 kNm/m
2
Self weight moment at centre;
Depth of hardcore beneath thickenings; hhcorethick = 0 mm; (Dispersal allowed for bearing pressure check)
Mesw = wswult lslab / 32 = 1.3 kNm/m
2
Self weight moment at edge;
hcore = 20.0 kN/m
3
Density of hardcore;
Self weight shear force at edge; Vsw = wswult lslab / 4 = 4.7 kN/m
Basic assumed diameter of local depression; depbasic = 2000mm
Diameter under slab modified for hardcore; depslab = depbasic - hhcoreslab = 2000 mm Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads
wudlult = 1.4 wDudl + 1.6 wLudl = 4.5 kN/m
2
Diameter under thickenings modified for hardcore; depthick = depbasic - hhcorethick = 2000 mm Ultimate applied udl;
Mcudl = wudlult (1 + ) / 64 = 0.4 kNm/m
2
Moment at centre; lslab
Raft slab definition
Meudl = wudlult lslab / 32 = 0.7 kNm/m
2
Moment at edge;
Max dimension/max dimension between joints; lmax = 6.200 m
Shear force at edge; Vudl = wudlult lslab / 4 = 2.5 kN/m
Slab thickness; hslab = 250 mm
2
Concrete strength; fcu = 40 N/mm Resultant moments and shears
Poissons ratio of concrete; = 0.2 Total moment at edge; Me = 2.0 kNm/m
2
Slab mesh reinforcement strength; fyslab = 500 N/mm Total moment at centre; Mc = 1.2 kNm/m
Partial safety factor for steel reinforcement; s = 1.15 Total shear force; V = 7.2 kN/m
From C&CA document Concrete ground floors Table 5 Reinforcement required in top
Minimum mesh required in top for shrinkage; A142;
Kslabtop = Me/(fcu dtslabav ) = 0.001
2
2
K factor;
Actual mesh provided in top; A393 (Asslabtop = 393 mm /m)
2
Lever arm; zslabtop = dtslabav min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabtop/0.9)) = 209.0 mm
Mesh provided in bottom; A393 (Asslabbtm = 393 mm /m)
Asslabtopbend = Me/((1.0/s) fyslab zslabtop) = 22 mm /m
2
Top mesh bar diameter; slabtop = 10 mm
Asslabmin = 0.0013 hslab = 325 mm /m
2
Bottom mesh bar diameter; slabbtm = 10 mm 2
Area of steel required; Asslabtopreq = max(Asslabtopbend, Asslabmin) = 325 mm /m
Cover to top reinforcement; ctop = 20 mm
PASS - Asslabtopreq <= Asslabtop - Area of reinforcement provided in top to span local depressions is adequate
Cover to bottom reinforcement; cbtm = 35 mm
Average effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabav = hslab - ctop - slabtop = 220 mm Reinforcement required in bottom
Kslabbtm = Mc/(fcu dbslabav ) = 0.001
2
Average effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dbslabav = hslab - cbtm - slabbtm = 205 mm K factor;
Overall average effective depth; dslabav = (dtslabav + dbslabav)/2 = 213 mm Lever arm; zslabbtm = dbslabav min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kslabbtm/0.9)) = 194.7 mm
Asslabbtmbend = Mc/((1.0/s) fyslab zslabbtm) = 14 mm /m
2
Minimum effective depth of top reinforcement; dtslabmin = dtslabav - slabtop/2 = 215 mm Area of steel required for bending;
2
Minimum effective depth of bottom reinforcement; dbslabmin = dbslabav - slabbtm/2 = 200 mm Area of steel required; Asslabbtmreq = max(Asslabbtmbend, Asslabmin) = 325 mm /m
PASS - Asslabbtmreq <= Asslabbtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom to span local depressions is adequate
Edge beam definition

Shear check Total moment to be resisted by slab top steel; Mslabtop = Mecc + Me = 453.0 kNm/m
2
Kslab = Mslabtop/(fcu dtslabmin ) = 0.245
2
Applied shear stress; v = V/dtslabmin = 0.033 N/mm K factor;
Tension steel ratio; = 100 Asslabtop/dtslabmin = 0.183 K > 0.156 - Therefore compression reinforcement is required
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8; The design is outside the scope of this calculation
2
Design concrete shear strength; vc = 0.490 N/mm
PASS - v <= vc - Shear capacity of the slab is adequate
Hand calculation:
Internal slab deflection check M = 453.0kNm
Basic allowable span to depth ratio; Ratiobasic = 26.0 Slab thickness = 350mm
2 2
Moment factor; Mfactor = Mc/dbslabav = 0.028 N/mm [Raft analysis software only allows slab depths up to 250mm, actual depth is 350mm]
Steel service stress; fs = 2/3 fyslab Asslabbtmbend/Asslabbtm = 11.941 N/mm
2
Top cover = 25mm
Modification factor; MFslab = min(2.0, 0.55 + [(477N/mm - fs)/(120 (0.9N/mm + Mfactor))])
2 2
Bar = 25mm
MFslab = 2.000 d = 350-25-25/2 = 312.5mm
Modified allowable span to depth ratio; Ratioallow = Ratiobasic MFslab = 52.000 fck = 40N/mm2
Actual span to depth ratio; Ratioactual = lslab/ dbslabav = 10.829
PASS - Ratioactual <= Ratioallow - Slab span to depth ratio is adequate k = 453.0x106/1000x312.52x40 = 0.116<0.156
z = 312.5x[0.5 + (0.25-0.116/0.9) ] = 265mm
Edge beam design checks
Basic loading As reqd = 453.0x106/(0.87x500x265) = 3929mm2
whcorethick = hcore hhcorethick = 0.0 kN/m
2
Hardcore;
Edge beam Use H25 @ 150mm centres & H12 @ 150mm centres
wbeam = 24 kN/m hedge bedge = 10.8 kN/m
3
Rectangular beam element;
Chamfer element; wchamfer = 24 kN/m (hedge - hslab) /(2 tan(edge)) = 0.5 kN/m
3 2 As prov = 4026mm2
wslabelmt = 24 kN/m hslab (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 1.2 kN/m
3
Slab element;
Edge beam self weight; wedge = wbeam + wchamfer + wslabelmt = 12.5 kN/m Edge beam bending check
Edge load number 1 Divider for moments due to udls; udl = 12.0
Load type; Longitudinal line load Applied bending moments
Dead load; wDedge1 = 116.9 kN/m(From Load Takedown) Span of edge beam; ledge = depthick + dedgetop = 2398 mm
Live load; wLedge1 = 16.9 kN/m(From Load Takedown) Ultimate self weight udl; wedgeult = 1.4 wedge = 17.5 kN/m
Ultimate load; wultedge1 = 1.4 wDedge1 + 1.6 wLedge1 = 190.7 kN/m Ultimate slab udl (approx); wedgeslab = max(0 kN/m,1.4wslab((depthick/23/4)-(bedge+(hedge-hslab)/tan(edge))))
Longitudinal line load width; bedge1 = 300 mm wedgeslab = 0.0 kN/m
Centroid of load from outside face of raft; xedge1 = 150 mm Self weight and slab bending moment; Medgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab) ledge /udl = 8.4 kNm
2
Edge beam bearing pressure check Self weight shear force; Vedgesw = (wedgeult + wedgeslab) ledge/2 = 20.9 kN
Effective bearing width of edge beam; bbearing = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) = 1200 mm Moments due to applied uniformly distributed loads
2
Total uniform load at formation level; wudledge = wDudl+wLudl+wedge/bbearing+whcorethick = 13.4 kN/m
Ultimate udl (approx); wedgeudl = wudlult depthick/2 3/4 = 3.4 kN/m
Medgeudl = wedgeudl ledge /udl = 1.6 kNm
Centroid of longitudinal and equivalent line loads from outside face of raft 2
Bending moment;
Load x distance for edge load 1; Moment1 = wultedge1 xedge1 = 28.6 kN Shear force; Vedgeudl = wedgeudl ledge/2 = 4.0 kN
Sum of ultimate longitudl and equivalent line loads; UDL = 190.7 kN/m Moment and shear due to load number 1
Sum of load x distances; Moment = 28.6 kN Bending moment; Medge1 = wultedge1 ledge /udl = 91.4 kNm
2
Centroid of loads; xbar = Moment/UDL = 150 mm Shear force; Vedge1 = wultedge1 ledge/2 = 228.6 kN
Initially assume no moment transferred into slab due to load/reaction eccentricity Resultant moments and shears
Sum of unfactored longitudl and efftive line loads; UDLsls = 133.8 kN/m Total moment (hogging and sagging); Medge = 101.4 kNm
Allowable bearing width; ballow = 2 xbar + 2 hhcoreslab tan(30) = 300 mm Maximum shear force; Vedge = 253.6 kN
qlinepoint = UDLsls/ ballow = 446.0 kN/m
2
Bearing pressure due to line/point loads; Reinforcement required in top
2
Total applied bearing pressure; qedge = qlinepoint + wudledge = 459.4 kN/m Width of section in compression zone; bedgetop = bedge = 1000 mm
qedge > qallow - The slab is required to resist a moment due to eccentricity
Average web width; bw = bedge + (hedge/tan(edge))/2 = 1225 mm
Kedgetop = Medge/(fcu bedgetop dedgetop ) = 0.016
2
Now assume moment due to load/reaction eccentricity is resisted by slab K factor;
Bearing width required; breq = UDLsls/(qallow - wudledge) = 5030 mm Lever arm; zedgetop = dedgetop min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgetop/0.9)) = 378 mm
Asedgetopbend = Medge/((1.0/s) fy zedgetop) = 617 mm
2
Effective bearing width at u/s of slab; breqeff = breq - 2 hhcoreslab tan(30) = 5030 mm Area of steel required for bending;
Asedgetopmin = 0.0013 1.0 bw hedge = 717 mm
2
Load/reaction eccentricity; e = breqeff/2 - xbar = 2365 mm Minimum area of steel required;
2
Ultimate moment to be resisted by slab; Mecc = UDL e = 451.0 kNm/m Area of steel required; Asedgetopreq = max(Asedgetopbend, Asedgetopmin) = 717 mm
From slab bending check PASS - Asedgetopreq <= Asedgetop - Area of reinforcement provided in top of edge beams is adequate
Moment due to depression under slab (hogging); Me = 2.0 kNm/m Reinforcement required in bottom

Width of section in compression zone; bedgebtm = bedge + (hedge - hslab)/tan(edge) + 0.1 ledge = 1440 mm
Kedgebtm = Medge/(fcu bedgebtm dedgebtm ) = 0.011
2
K factor;
Lever arm; zedgebtm = dedgebtm min(0.95, 0.5 + (0.25 - Kedgebtm/0.9)) = 373 mm
Asedgebtmbend = Medge/((1.0/s) fy zedgebtm) = 625 mm
2
Asedgebtmmin = 0.0013 1.0 bw hedge = 717 mm
2
2
Area of steel required; Asedgebtmreq = max(Asedgebtmbend, Asedgebtmmin) = 717 mm
PASS - Asedgebtmreq <= Asedgebtm - Area of reinforcement provided in bottom of edge beams is adequate
Edge beam shear check
vedge = Vedge/(bw dedgetop) = 0.520 N/mm
2
Applied shear stress;
Tension steel ratio; edge = 100 Asedgetop/(bw dedgetop) = 0.387
From BS8110-1:1997 - Table 3.8
2
Design concrete shear strength; vcedge = 0.539 N/mm
2
vedge <= vcedge + 0.4N/mm - Therefore minimum links required
Asv_upon_svreqedge = 0.4N/mm bw/((1.0/s) fys) = 1.127 mm
2
Link area to spacing ratio required;
Asv_upon_svprovedge = Nedgelinkedgelink /(4svedge) = 3.393 mm
2
Link area to spacing ratio provided;
PASS - Asv_upon_svreqedge <= Asv_upon_svprovedge - Shear reinforcement provided in edge beams is adequate

PROPPED RETAINING WALL DESIGN
RETAINING WALL ANALYSIS (BS 8002:1994)

TEDDS calculation version 1.2.01.06
2700
3150
1700
450
Wall details
Retaining wall type; Cantilever
Height of wall stem; hstem = 2700 mm; Wall stem thickness; twall = 200 mm
Length of toe; ltoe = 1000 mm; Length of heel; lheel = 0 mm
Overall length of base; lbase = 1200 mm; Base thickness; tbase = 450 mm
Height of retaining wall; hwall = 3150 mm
Depth of downstand; dds = 0 mm; Thickness of downstand; tds = 450 mm
Position of downstand; lds = 750 mm
Depth of cover in front of wall; dcover = 0 mm; Unplanned excavation depth; dexc = 0 mm
water = 9.81 kN/m
3
Height of ground water; hwater = 1700 mm; Density of water;
wall = 23.6 kN/m ; base = 23.6 kN/m
3 3
Density of wall construction; Density of base construction;
Angle of soil surface; = 0.0 deg; Effective height at back of wall; heff = 3150 mm
Mobilisation factor; M = 1.5
m = 18.0 kN/m ; s = 21.0 kN/m
3 3
Moist density; Saturated density;
Design shear strength; ' = 24.2 deg; Angle of wall friction; = 18.6 deg
Design shear strength; 'b = 24.2 deg; Design base friction; b = 18.6 deg
mb = 18.0 kN/m ;
3 2
Moist density; Allowable bearing; Pbearing = 150 kN/m
Using Coulomb theory
Active pressure; Ka =0.369; Passive pressure; Kp = 4.187
At-rest pressure; K0 = 0.590
Loading details
2
Surcharge load; Surcharge = 0.0 kN/m
Vertical dead load; W dead = 116.9 kN/m; Vertical live load; W live = 16.9 kN/m
Horizontal dead load; Fdead = 0.0 kN/m; Horizontal live load; Flive = 0.0 kN/m
Position of vertical load; lload = 1100 mm; Height of horizontal load; hload = 0 mm

134
0
Prop
Prop
32.1 9.1 6.7 16.7

132.7 132.7
Loads shown in kN/m, pressures shown in kN/m2
Calculate propping force

Propping force; Fprop = 0.0 kN/m
Check bearing pressure
Total vertical reaction; R = 159.3 kN/m; Distance to reaction; xbar = 600 mm
Eccentricity of reaction; e = 0 mm
Reaction acts within middle third of base
2 2
Bearing pressure at toe; ptoe = 132.7 kN/m ; Bearing pressure at heel; pheel = 132.7 kN/m
PASS - Maximum bearing pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure
Calculate propping forces to top and base of wall
Propping force to top of wall; Fprop_top = -5.404 kN/m; Propping force to base of wall; Fprop_base = 5.404 kN/m

RETAINING WALL DESIGN (BS 8002:1994)

TEDDS calculation version 1.2.01.06
Ultimate limit state load factors

Dead load factor; f_d = 1.4; Live load factor; f_l = 1.6
Earth pressure factor; f_e = 1.4
Calculate propping force
Propping force; Fprop = 0.0 kN/m
154
Calculate propping forces to top and base of wall
200
164
Propping force to top of wall; Fprop_top_f = -7.527 kN/m; Propping force to base of wall; Fprop_base_f = 15.806 kN/m
Design of reinforced concrete retaining wall toe (BS 8002:1994)

Material properties
2 2
Strength of concrete; fcu = 40 N/mm ; Strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm
Base details
Design of retaining wall stem
Minimum reinforcement; k = 0.13 %; Cover in toe; ctoe = 40 mm
Shear at base of stem; Vstem = 48.3 kN/m; Moment at base of stem; Mstem = 23.4 kNm/m
Compression reinforcement is not required
Check wall stem in bending
Reinforcement provided; 12 mm dia.bars @ 150 mm centres
2 2
Area required; As_stem_req = 367.4 mm /m; Area provided; As_stem_prov = 754 mm /m
404
PASS - Reinforcement provided at the retaining wall stem is adequate

450
Check shear resistance at wall stem

2 2
Design shear stress; vstem = 0.313 N/mm ; Allowable shear stress; vadm = 5.000 N/mm
PASS - Design shear stress is less than maximum shear stress
2
Concrete shear stress; vc_stem = 0.740 N/mm
vstem < vc_stem - No shear reinforcement required
Design of retaining wall at mid height
Moment at mid height; Mwall = 11.8 kNm/m
Design of retaining wall toe Compression reinforcement is not required
Shear at heel; Vtoe = 173.8 kN/m; Moment at heel; Mtoe = 105.1 kNm/m Reinforcement provided; 12 mm dia.bars @ 150 mm centres
2 2
Compression reinforcement is not required Area required; As_wall_req = 260.0 mm /m; Area provided; As_wall_prov = 754 mm /m
PASS - Reinforcement provided to the retaining wall at mid height is adequate
Check toe in bending
Reinforcement provided; 12 mm dia.bars @ 150 mm centres Check retaining wall deflection
Area required; As_toe_req = 629.7 mm /m;
2
Area provided; As_toe_prov = 754 mm /m
2 Max span/depth ratio; ratiomax = 38.80; Actual span/depth ratio; ratioact = 17.53
PASS - Reinforcement provided at the retaining wall toe is adequate PASS - Span to depth ratio is acceptable
Check shear resistance at toe

2 2
Design shear stress; vtoe = 0.430 N/mm ; Allowable shear stress; vadm = 5.000 N/mm
PASS - Design shear stress is less than maximum shear stress
2
Concrete shear stress; vc_toe = 0.422 N/mm
vtoe > vc_toe - Shear reinforcement required
Design of reinforced concrete retaining wall stem (BS 8002:1994)

Material properties
2 2
Strength of concrete; fcu = 40 N/mm ; Strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm
Wall details
Minimum reinforcement; k = 0.13 %
Cover in stem; cstem = 40 mm; Cover in wall; cwall = 30 mm

CONTINUOUS BEAM ANALYSIS - RESULTS
Unfactored support reactions

Dead Imposed
(kN) (kN)
Support A; 1.7 -1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Support B; -27.0 -6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Support C; -20.4 -2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

RETAINING WALL DESIGN (TEMPORARY CONDITION) Area of outer tension steel provided sufficient to resist sagging
TRANSVERSE BOTTOM STEEL - INNER

RC SLAB DESIGN (BS8110:PART1:1997)
TEDDS calculation version 1.0.04 ;;Inner layer of transverse steel;
CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SPANNING SLAB DEFINITION Provide 12 dia bars @ 150 centres
2
Asy_prov = Asy = 754 mm /m
; Overall depth of slab; h = 200 mm
Sagging steel MAXIMUM DESIGN MOMENTS OVER SUPPORT
; Cover to tension reinforcement resisting sagging; c sag = 25 mm ; Design hogging moment (per m width of slab); m sxhog = 8.1 kNm/m
; Trial bar diameter; Dtryx = 12 mm CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN HOGGING OUTER LAYER OF STEEL (CL 3.5.4)
Depth to tension steel (resisting sagging)
; Design hogging moment (per m width of slab); msxhog = 8.1 kNm/m
dx = h - csag - Dtryx/2 = 169 mm
; Moment Redistribution Factor; bx = 1.0
Hogging steel
Area of reinforcement required
; Cover to tension reinforcement resisting hogging; c hog = 40 mm
Kxhog = abs(msxhog) / ( dxhog fcu ) = 0.009
2
;;
; Trial bar diameter; Dtryxhog = 12 mm
K'x = min (0.156 , (0.402 (bx - 0.4)) - (0.18 (bx - 0.4) )) = 0.156
2
Depth to tension steel (resisting hogging)

Outer compression steel not required to resist hogging
dxhog = h - chog - Dtryxhog/2 = 154 mm Slab requiring outer tension steel only - bars (hogging)
Materials ;; zxhog = min (( 0.95 dxhog),(dxhog(0.5+0.25-Kxhog/0.9)))) = 146 mm
2
; Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm Neutral axis depth; xxhog = (dxhog - zxhog) / 0.45 = 17 mm
2
; Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 40 N/mm Area of tension steel required
Asxhog_req = abs(msxhog) / (1/ms fy zxhog) = 127 mm /m
2
;;;
Asyhog Nominal 1 m width Asxhog Tension steel
dx
;;Provide 10 dia bars @ 150 centres; outer tension steel resisting hogging
h h 2
dxhog Asxhog_prov = Asxhog = 524 mm /m
Asx
Area of outer tension steel provided sufficient to resist hogging
Asy Nominal 1 m width
(hogging)
(sagging)
TRANSVERSE TOP STEEL - INNER
One-way spanning slab
(continuous) ;;Inner layer of transverse steel;
Provide 12 dia bars @ 150 centres
ONE WAY SPANNING SLAB (CL 3.5.4) Asyhog_prov = Asyhog = 754 mm /m
2
MAXIMUM DESIGN MOMENTS IN SPAN Check min and max areas of steel resisting sagging
2
;Total area of concrete; Ac = h = 200000 mm /m
; Design sagging moment (per m width of slab); m sx = 9.6 kNm/m
; Minimum % reinforcement; k = 0.13 %
CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN SAGGING OUTER LAYER OF STEEL (CL 3.5.4)
Ast_min = k Ac = 260 mm /m
2
; Design sagging moment (per m width of slab); m sx = 9.6 kNm/m

Ast_max = 4 % Ac = 8000 mm /m
2

Steel defined:
Area of reinforcement required 2
; Outer steel resisting sagging; Asx_prov = 754 mm /m
fcu ) = 0.008
2
;; Kx = abs(msx) / ( dx
Area of outer steel provided (sagging) OK
K'x = min (0.156 , (0.402 (bx - 0.4)) - (0.18 (bx - 0.4) )) = 0.156
2
2
; Inner steel resisting sagging; Asy_prov = 754 mm /m
Outer compression steel not required to resist sagging Area of inner steel provided (sagging) OK
Slab requiring outer tension steel only - bars (sagging)
Check min and max areas of steel resisting hogging
;; zx = min (( 0.95 dx),(dx(0.5+0.25-Kx/0.9)))) = 161 mm 2
;Total area of concrete; Ac = h = 200000 mm /m
Neutral axis depth; xx = (dx - zx) / 0.45 = 19 mm
; Minimum % reinforcement; k = 0.13 %
Area of tension steel required
Ast_min = k Ac = 260 mm /m
2
Asx_req = abs(msx) / (1/ms fy zx) = 138 mm /m

2
;;;
Ast_max = 4 % Ac = 8000 mm /m
2
Tension steel
Steel defined:
;;Provide 12 dia bars @ 150 centres; outer tension steel resisting sagging 2
2 ; Outer steel resisting hogging; Asxhog_prov = 524 mm /m
Asx_prov = Asx = 754 mm /m
Area of outer steel provided (hogging) OK

2
; Inner steel resisting hogging ; Asyhog_prov = 754 mm /m
Area of inner steel provided (hogging) OK
SHEAR RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE SLABS (CL 3.5.5)

Outer tension steel resisting sagging moments
; Depth to tension steel from compression face; dx = 169 mm
2
; Area of tension reinforcement provided (per m width of slab); A sx_prov = 754 mm /m
; Design ultimate shear force (per m width of slab); V x = 33 kN/m
2
; Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 40 N/mm
Applied shear stress
2
vx = Vx / dx = 0.19 N/mm
Check shear stress to clause 3.5.5.2
vallowable = min ((0.8 N /mm) (fcu ), 5 N/mm ) = 5.00 N/mm
1/2 2 2
Shear stress - OK
Shear stresses to clause 3.5.5.3
Design shear stress
2 2
fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm )) = 1.600
vcx = 0.79 N/mm min(3,100 Asx_prov / dx) max(0.67,(400 mm / dx) ) / 1.25 fcu_ratio
2 1/3 1/4 1/3
2
vcx = 0.70 N/mm
Applied shear stress
2
vx = 0.19 N/mm
No shear reinforcement required
CONCRETE SLAB DEFLECTION CHECK (CL 3.5.7)

; Slab span length; lx = 1.900 m
; Design ultimate moment in shorter span per m width; m sx = 10 kNm/m
; Depth to outer tension steel; dx = 169 mm
Tension steel
2
; Area of outer tension reinforcement provided; Asx_prov = 754 mm /m
2
; Area of tension reinforcement required; Asx_req = 138 mm /m
Modification Factors
;Basic span / effective depth ratio (Table 3.9); ratio span_depth = 20
The modification factor for spans in excess of 10m (ref. cl 3.4.6.4) has not been included.
;fs = 2 fy Asx_req / (3 Asx_prov bx ) = 60.8 N/mm
2
factortens = min ( 2 , 0.55 + ( 477 N/mm - fs ) / ( 120 ( 0.9 N/mm + msx / dx ))) = 2.000
2 2 2
Calculate Maximum Span

This is a simplified approach and further attention should be given where special circumstances exist. Refer to clauses 3.4.6.4
and 3.4.6.7.
Maximum span; lmax = ratiospan_depth factortens dx = 6.76 m
Check the actual beam span
Actual span/depth ratio; lx / dx = 11.24
Span depth limit; ratiospan_depth factortens = 40.00
Span/Depth ratio check satisfied
;

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L1084 32 Abingdon Villas

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Loading For The Structure:

Second, First & Upper Ground Floor (Existing):

Lower Ground Floor (New):

Basement Floor (New):

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BEAM BB01 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 29.3 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

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Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

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MOMENT FRAME 2 BEAM LGB2

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BEAM BB07 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 24 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 46 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB08 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 7.8 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 47 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB09 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 29.3 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 48 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB12 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 5 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

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BEAM BB13 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 83.2 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 50 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB16 Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 7 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 51 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB17 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 25.8 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 52 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

BEAM BB18 & BB19 Section details

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

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BEAM BB23 Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 7.9 kN

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5

Page 55 of 70 Pringuer-James Consulting Engineers Ltd

COLUMN C2 PAD FOUNDATION

PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

Partial safety factors for loads