SET A

JAWAPAN BAHAGIAN B KERTAS 2

9 (a) The amount of heat required to change a state of matter without any change in
1
temperature
(b)
- the mass of naphthalene in the Figure 9(a) is less than in the Figure 9(b)
- the time taken for the naphthalene in Figure 9(a) to solidify is shorter than in the
Figure 9(b)
5
- the latent heat released in Figure 9(a) is smaller than in the Figure 9(b)
- The smaller the mass, the smaller the latent heat released
-latent heat

(c)
- As liquid naphthalene cools, it loses energy to surroundings
- Its temperature begins to fall until it reaches freezing point 80 0C
- At its freezing point, naphthalene begins to solidify. 4
- Although it is losing its energy to surroundings, itstemperature remains constant
because the average kinetic energy remains constant

(d)
Designs or ways Explanation
Pot is more durable and will not
Made from material that is not easily contaminate the food with dangerous
corroded or oxidized material
.
Made from a low density material Pot is light// easy to carry
Made from material with low specific
Temperature in the pot can be
heat capacity
increased quickly when heated.
The handle of the pot is made from The handle becomes hot slower and can
material with high specific heat capacity be held without scorching the hand
The pot is designed to have vertical This makes the pot versatile because
compartments which can be added or different food can be cooked at the
removed same time

[10 marks]

Total marks 20

2(a) (i) Refraction of water waves 1

(ii) Waves bend 1
Ocean deep , shore shallow 1
Velocity of waves decreases 1
(b) (i) Situation 1: longitudinal waves, situation 2: transverse waves 2
(ii) Changes at the boundary 1
(iii) Angles and normal are on the same plane 1
 (iv) Angle of incidence = angle of reflection 1
(v) Reflection 1
.(c) (i) Suggestion Reason

The resort is built The amplitude of waves at the bay is small //

near bay Waves are calmer 2

.
Build retaining To reflect the waves from the shore //
walls Protect the area from large waves 2

Concrete Reduce direct impact of the waves on the shore, not easy
structures of to crack
retaining wall is 2
solid and rigid

Build concrete Smaller amplitude of the diffracted waves causes the sea
structures with a to be calmer there // Energy of waves decreases. 2
gap in between at
designated area
for children
There are a slope At shallow region the wavelength of wave is smaller so
at the bottom of the velocity of wave smaller 2
the retaining wall
Total 20

.11 Pascal Principle 1

(a)
When brake pedal is pressed , the piston of the control cylinder applies a 4
pressure on the brake fluid.
This pressure is transmitted to each cylinder at the wheels.
The cylinders at the wheels cause a pair of pistons to push a pair of friction pads
to press against the surface of the brake discs or brake drums.
The frictional forces between the brake components cause the vehicle to slow
down.

Or,

When the brake is pressed ,a force is applied to the piston and pressure is exerted.
Pressure is transmitted uniformly throughout the brake fluid.
Force is exerted on the piston of the brake pads
Brake pads will press against the brake discs.

c) High specific heat capacity

Friction between pads and discs will cause an increase in temperature but but the
increase will be slow.
High melting point
Does not melt easily if there is an increase in temperature.
Difficult to compress.
Pressure will be transmited uniformly in all directions/ flows easily
High degree of hardness
Can withstand great force / does not break easily
 Choice of brake system ,S because it has (i) high specific heat capacity and high
melting point for the brake discs (ii) the brake fluid is difficult to compress and
(iii) the degree of hardness of the brake pads is high
1
i) PA = P B

FA/AA = FB /AB 1

50/2 = FB /15
1
FB = 375 N
ii) isipadu cecair yang ditolak oleh omboh A = isipadu cecair yang naik pada
omboh B

2 21 = 15 DB

DB = 28 cm

Total 20

4 a) - Current that flows in one direction 1

b) State that the magnets produce a magnetic field

- The (magnadur) magnets produce a magnetic field / diagram 1

State that the current in the wire produces a magnetic field

- The current in the wire produces a magnetic field / diagram 1

State that the two fields combine to form a resultant catapult field

- The two magnetic fields interact/combine to form a resultant / catapult field / 1

diagram

Diagram showing the catapult field and the force labeled

S N
 c) - Low density material 1

- Coil has smaller mass / lighter 1

- High number of turns 1

- Larger force acting on the coil / higher electromagnetic field strength 1

- High strength magnets 1

- Larger force acting on the coil 1

- More segments 1

- Coil rotates smoothly 1

- Motor R 1

- Lowest density, high number of turns, high strength magnets and commutator 1
splits into the most number of segments

d) Correct expression or answer

i) 3 x 8 // 24 (J) 1

Correct expression

ii) 24 1
5
Answer with correct unit

4.8 W 1

iii) Correct expression

4 .8 4 .8 1
100 //
12 12
Correct answer

40% // 0.4 1

Total 20

1 5 (a) (i) 1 State the correct manipulated variable

Length / L/

1 (ii) 1 State the correct responding variable

Resistance / R // Potential difference / V // Current / I
1 (iii) 1 State one fixed variable
 Diameter of the wire // Cross-sectional area of the wire
1 (b) 1 State the correct use of the mirror
Reduce parallax error
5 (c) 5 Tabulate L, I, V and R correctly

Give a tick () based on the following:

A Columns L, I, V and R
B Correct units for I, V and R
C All values of I correct
D . All values of V correct
E All values of R correct
F consistency of I,V,R.

L / cm I/A V/V R/
20.0 0.36 0.4 1.11
30.0 0.42 0.7 1.67
40.0 0.50 1.1 2.20
50.0 0.62 1.7 2.74
60.0 0.70 2.3 3.29

5 (d) 5 Draw correctly a graph of R against L

Give a tick () based on the following:

A R at the y-axis, L at the x-axis

B Correct units at both axes
C Uniform scale at both axes
D 5 points plotted correctly
[Note : 3 or 4 points plotted correctly : ]
E Best straight line
F Minimum size of graph 5 x 4 big squares
(Big square : 2 cm x 2 cm)
(From the origin to the last point)

Marks awarded :
Number of Marks
7 5
5-6 4
3-4 3
2 2
1 1

Total marks : 5
 1 (e) 1 States the correct relationship based on the straight line drawn
For a straight line with positive gradient passing through the origin,
Resistance is directly proportional to length / R directly proportional to L /
RL
For a straight line with positive gradient that does not pass through the
origin,
Resistance increases linearly with length

16

6 (a) (i) 1 1
State the relationship between x and correctly
a
1
x is directly propotional to
a
(ii) 1 1
= 0.25
a
1 1
Show horizontal line parallel to the axis with the axis
a 1
x = 0.625 m

(b)(i) Calculate the gradient of the graph and state the value
within the acceptable range

Show the triangle with an acceptable size ( 4 x 4 squares of 2 cm) 1

Substitute correctly ( according to the candidates
graph)
3.0 0.5 1
m=
1.2 0.2
State the correct value of the gradient with unit 1
= 2.5 m2

(b)(ii) Gradient
State = 1
D
Substitute the gradient from b (i) correctly
2 .5 1
=
5 1
State the correct answer with unit
= 0.5 m
(d) State two correct precaution so as to produce an accurate result of the
experiment

1.The experiment must be held on the field to avoid reflection of sound waves. 1
2. Eyes is perpendicular to the scale of metre rule to avoid parallax error
1
 TOTAL 12

7 (a) The water pressure is depend on the depth 1

(b) The higher the depth, the higher the liquid pressure 1

(c) i) to investigate the relationship between the liquid pressure and 1

the depth.

ii) Variables

(a) Manipulated : Depth of liquid, y

(b) Responding : Pressure in liquid, h 1
(c) Fixed : Density, p 1

iii) List of apparatus and materials. Measuring cylinder, thistle 1

funnel, rubber tube, manometer, and retort stand, metre rule,
water, thin rubber sheet.

iv) Arrangement of app.

v) i) Insert the thistle funnel vertically down to the depth,y 1

=10.0m
ii) Measure the difference level in manometer, h. Record the 1
data
iv) Repeat step (i) and (ii) with the values of depth y = 1
20.0m, 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm and 50.0 cm.
 Depth, y h (cm)
(cm)

10.0
1
20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

Analysis

8 (a) The brightness of the light depends on the speed of rotation of the 1
wheel.

(b) The greater the velocity of the magnet in the coil wire, the greater 1
magnitude of the induced current.
(c) i) To investigate the relationship between the velocity of the 1
magnet and the magnitude of the induced current.

ii) Manipulated variable : The velocity of the magnet/ the height of

1
magnet

Responding : The magnitude of the induced current

Constant variable : The number of turns of the coil

1

iii) Bar magnet, a coil of cooper wire, milammeter, meter ruler,

connecting wires 1
 1

v) 1. Adjust the height of bar magnet at h = 20.0 cm. 1

2.Dropped the bar magnet into the coil of wire. Measure the 1
induced current from miliammeter. Record the data

3.Repeat step 1 and 2 for h = 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 50.0 cm and 60.0 1
cm

h / cm I / mA

20.0
1
30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

vii) 1

I / mA

h / cm Total
marks =
12