Media and Information

Literacy
WRITTEN REPORT

Prepared by:

Group 5

Avendao, Jennah

Artugue, Charly khyl B.

Diones, Neri Joy

Laojan, Edward

The writer copies significant portions of text straight from a

Legal, Ethical and Societal Issues in single source, without alteration.
Media and Information Literacy TYPES OF PLAGIARISM:
SOURCES NOT CITED
3. The Potluck Paper
Plagiarism The writer copies from several different sources, tweaking
the sentences to make them fit together while retaining
plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's most of the original phrasing.
work and lying about it afterward. 4. The Poor Disguise
Original work refers to every production in the literary, scientific The writer has altered the papers appearance slightly by
and artistic domain. Among the literary and artistic works changing key words and phrases.
enumerated in the IP Code includes books and other writings, 5. The Labor of Laziness
musical works, films, paintings and other works, and computer The writer takes the time to paraphrase most of the paper
programs. from other sources and make it all fit together.
Materials on the internet are protected by copyright. With that, you 6. The Self-Stealer
have no legal right to copy other's work or make it public especially The writer borrows generously from his or her previous
with out the consent of the maker. There are certain rules and tips work.
that must be followed if your determination in copying one's work TYPES OF PLAGIARISM:
online would take over you. SOURCES CITED (BUT STILL PLAGIARIZED)
1. The Forgotten Footnote
TYPES OF PLAGIARISM: The writer mentions an authors name for a source, but
SOURCES NOT CITED neglects to include specific information on the location of
1. The Ghost Writer the material referenced.
The writer turns in anothers work, word-for-word, as his or 2. The Misinformer
her own. The writer provides inaccurate information regarding the
2. The Photocopy sources, making it impossible to find them.
3. The Too-Perfect Paraphrase
The writer properly cites a source, but neglects to put in
quotation marks on text that has been copied word-for-
word, or close to it.
4. The Resourceful Citer
The writer properly cites all sources, paraphrasing and using
quotations appropriately. The catch? The paper contains
almost no original work!
5. The Perfect Crime
The writer properly quotes and cites sources in some places,
but goes on to paraphrase other arguments from those
sources without citation.
WHAT ABOUT IMAGES, VIDEOS, AND MUSIC?
Using an image, video or piece of music in a work you have
produced without receiving proper permission or providing
appropriate citation is plagiarism. The following activities are very
common in todays society. Despite their popularity, they still count
as plagiarism.
-Copying media (especially images) from other websites to paste
them into your own papers or websites.
-Making a video using footage from others videos or using
copyrighted music as part of the soundtrack.
-Performing another persons copyrighted music (i.e., playing a
cover).
-Composing a piece of music that borrows heavily from another
composition.
Certainly, these media pose situations in which it can be
challenging to determine whether or not the copyrights of a
work are being violated. For example:
-A photograph or scan of a copyrighted image (for example:
using a photograph of a book cover to represent that book on
ones website)
-Recording audio or video in which copyrighted music or video is
playing in the background.
-Re-creating a visual work in the same medium. (for example:
shooting a photograph that uses the same composition and
subject matter as someone elses photograph)
-Re-creating a visual work in a different medium (for example:
making a painting that closely resembles another persons
photograph).
-Re-mixing or altering copyrighted images, video or audio, even
if done so in an original way.The legality of these situations, and
others, would be dependent upon the intent and context within
which they are produced.
The two safest approaches to take in regards to these situations
is:
Avoid them altogether or 2) Confirm the works usage
permissions and cite them properly.

Internet Addiction
Addiction possessing typical addictive behaviours.
Escaping reality through the internet
An individual develops an addiction possessing typical addictive
behaviours, this is manifested in different ways ( inclusion, escaping
reality, attachment). It is the mental health concern of the
millennium
Types of internet addiction:
Cyber-relationship
The Internet it a great place to connect with family and
friends who dont live in the same city, meeting new people and
even starting romantic relationships. It is allowing us to do very little
work and not having to leave our homes while connecting with
people through the Internet. It is fast, easy to use, and is cheaper
then a phone call. Despite all of those positive things the Internet
has to offer it can also lead to very negative outcomes. Cyber-
Relationship Addictions is defined as an addiction to social
networking, chat rooms, texting, and messaging to the point where
virtual, online friends become more important than real-life
relationships with family and friends.
People are constantly on social media connecting with others by
viewing others profiles on Facebook, creeping others photos on
Instagram, seeing what others are posting on Twiitter and sending
photos through Snapchat. It is starting to become the way of
everyday people to connect with one another. The problem with this
is that about 50% of people online lie about their age, weight, job,
martial status, or gender. If a person were to eventually meet their
online friend in real-life that person could potentially fail to meet
there online persona, which then can eventually lead to emotional
disappointment. Not to mention peoples communication skills are
going to be lacking since they are always connecting through the
computer and never a face to face conversation or interaction.
Overall, I think that cyber-relationships can have their perks as long
as it is used in moderation. A good healthy balance between reality
relationships and connecting with others online allows you to get
the best of both worlds. If relationships online through social media,
texting, chat rooms etc become too much a part of your life then I
think you need to reevaluate yourself and realize that there is more
to life then sitting behind the Internet to communicate with others.
If you only rely only on the Internet to communicate with others
then most likely you will not be playing an adequate role in society.
Net compulsions
Compulsive online gaming, online gambling, and use of online
auction sites are all classed as categories of Internet Addiction that
are said to often result in financial and job-related problems.
Internet users can become easily addicted to these types of online
activity, rather than the Internet itself.
The ACE model helps to explain compulsive online use.
Accessibility. Because of the convenience of the Internet, users now
have easy and immediate access to gambling, shopping and gaming
at any time of day, without the hassles of everyday life (e.g.
travelling or queues).
Control. Users are in control of their own online activity. With the
use of newer technology such as tablet computers and
smartphones, users can go to the bathroom or another private place
to engage with the Internet, without others knowing about it.
Excitement. Internet users often get an excited feeling of a 'rush' or
a "buzz" that they get when winning an online auction, a video
game or online gambling. Gambling, gaming and online bidding all
provide positive feedback that can result in addictive behaviour.
Users will use the net as a way of gaining this emotion.
Internet users can become addicted to playing online games,
gambling and shopping through the feeling it gives them. These
online activities can create the feeling of convenience,
independence and excitement, which makes the user want to do it
again.
Information overload
overload (also known as infobesity[1] or infoxication[2]) is a term
used to describe the difficulty of understanding an issue and
effectively making decisions when one has too much information
about that issue.[3] The term is popularized by Alvin Toffler in his
bestselling 1970 book Future Shock, but is mentioned in a 1964
book by Bertram Gross, The Managing of Organizations.[4] Speier et
al. (1999) stated:[5]
Information overload occurs when the amount of input to a system
exceeds its processing capacity. Decision makers have fairly limited
cognitive processing capacity. Consequently, when information
overload occurs, it is likely that a reduction in decision quality will
occur.
In recent years, the term "information overload" has evolved into
phrases such as "information glut" and "data smog" (Shenk, 1997).
What was once a term grounded in cognitive psychology has
evolved into a rich metaphor used outside the world of academia. In
many ways, the advent of information technology has increased the
focus on information overload: information technology may be a
primary reason for information overload due to its ability to produce
more information more quickly and to disseminate this information
to a wider audience than ever before.[6]
Computer addiction
Computer Addiction can be described as the excessive or
compulsive use of the computer which persists despite serious
negative consequences for personal, social, or occupational
function.[1] Another clear conceptualization is made by Block, who
stated that "Conceptually, the diagnosis is a compulsive-impulsive
spectrum disorder that involves online and/or offline computer
usage and consists of at least three subtypes: excessive gaming,
sexual preoccupations, and e-mail/text messaging".[2] While it was
expected that this new type of addiction would find a place under
the compulsive disorders in the DSM-5, the current edition of the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, it is still
counted as an unofficial disorder.[3] The concept of computer
addiction is broadly divided in two types, namely offline computer
addiction and online computer addiction. The term offline computer
addiction is normally used when speaking about excessive gaming
behavior, which can be practiced both offline and online.[4] Online
computer addiction, also known as Internet addiction, gets more
attention in general from scientific research than offline computer
addiction, mainly because most cases of computer addiction are
related to the excessive use of the Internet.[1]
Why/how do people become addict?
-relief of unpleasant or everwhelming feelings
-anxiety
-depression
-lack of social support
-unhappy teenager
-less socially active than before
-Stress
SYMPTOMS
Losing track of time online
Trouble completing tasks at work or home
Isolation from family/friends
Guilty or defensive about internet use
Sense of euphoria
Euphoria is an affective state in which a person experiences pleasure
or excitement and intense feelings of well-being and happiness.[1]
[2] Certain drugs, many of which are addictive, can cause euphoria,
which at least partially motivates their recreational use.[3] Similarly,
certain natural rewards and social activities, such as aerobic
exercise, laughter, listening to emotionally arousing music, music-
making, and dancing, can induce a state of euphoria.[4][5] Euphoria
is also a symptom of certain neurological or neuropsychiatric
disorders, such as mania.[6] Romantic love and components of the
human sexual response cycle are also associated with the induction
of euphoria.
According to Kent Berridge, an affective neuroscientist, intense
euphoria occurs from the simultaneous activation of every hedonic
hotspot within the brain's reward system.
Physical symptoms
*Carpal tunnel
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition due to
compression of the median nerve as it travels through the wrist at
the carpal tunnel.[1] The main symptoms are pain, numbness, and
tingling, in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and the thumb
side of the ring fingers.[1] Symptoms typically start gradually and
during the night.[2] Pain may extend up the arm.[2] Weak grip
strength may occur and after a long period of time the muscles at
the base of the thumb may waste away.[2] In more than half of
cases both sides are affected.[1]
dry or strained eyes, body aches, sleep disturbance, change in
weight
Internet addiction:prevention and cures
Prevention and Cures
*Educate youth Outing and trickery- publicizing private information or tricking
*Recognizing time management someone into disclosing private information.
*Parental Guidance/control
*Develop new patterns of use to break the old Exclusion- intentional exclusion from online group.

Social networking is supplement, does not replace real status Why children/teens cyberbully?

Cyber-Bullying Entertainment, hunger for power and control, revenge, expressive

manifestation of social status
Cyberbullying the use of digital media tools, such as the internet
and cell phones, to deliberately and repeatedly hurt, harass, or Prevention tips
embarrass someone else. Keep photos PG, pause before you post, raise awareness, setup
privacy controls, dont be a cyberbully yourself
Types of bullying
Flaming- online fights using electronic messages with angry and Why children/teens cyberbully?
vulgar language. *Entertainment
*Hunger for power and control
Harrassment- repeatedly sending offensive, rude, and insulting *Revenge
messages. *Expressive manifestation of social status

Cyber stalking- repeatedly sending messages that include threats of

harm or are highly intimidating.

Denigration- dissing someone online by spreading rumors or posting

false information.

Impersonation- pretending to be someone else and posting material

to damage someones reputation.
 Influence
Distribution of information
Avail names

Opportunities of Media and information
Job hiring
Freedom of expression
Opportunities, Challenges and Power of Informing and Keeping the mass up to date
Inspire
Media Information Empower citizen

Power of Media and Information
Economic impact
Economic actors need accurate and timely information
to allocate resources efficiently. Investors and other groups
increasing value and demand a governance-monitoring role
from the media. A free and independent press can provide
information and monitoring to the economic policy
development process leading to more effective economic
policies. It can also reduce political risk and increase good
governanceconditions that are important for robust economic
development.
- Media enhances political coordination in the
development of sound economic policy
- Media sector development can reduce political risk,
increasing stability for higher risk countries
- Media improves the efficiency of the economy by
providing actors more and better information with which to
make decisions and improving stability.
The Media and Information can function to strengthen and enrich
the connections between citizens and intermediary organization
including political parties, social movement, as well as the economy.
The spread of new freedoms and extent of frontiers of freedom that
the public authorities have often attempted to control; religious
freedoms, gender, ethnicity and sexual freedoms based on social
and cultural identities
Economy
Research and monitoring of economic development
News industry
Online, Radio and Television News broadcasting
Film production
Creativity on producing films
Entertainment programs
Television shows, Radio FM
Print
Increased magazine, books, newspaper publications
 Fliers for advertisements
Broadcast
Broadcasting on radios, TV, newspapers and internet
Mobile Communications
Faster and free communication via Messenger and Viber
Internet
Information sources and sharing
Advertising
Internet advertising (for more publicity)
Public relations
Public image management such as Social Media
Education
In-Sites Using Video
As we know from the recent ubiquity of online
digital video, video has become a compelling tool for
educational representation. Students use it in their projects;
teachers and pre-service teachers use it to study pedagogy;
and, researchers use it for capturing and examining how
learning happens, as they unfold
The Perspectivity Framework
Perspectivity frames how learners, teachers, and
researchers make meaning of events from both individual
and multiple points of viewing.
The Highly Visual Evolution
Learners have been able to integrate a variety of
digital media forms into documents. Multimedia,
hypermedia, new media are the terms we have used to
describe this use of visual media in learning. Of course, this
is not the beginning of our use of a variety of media to
learn. People have always used diverse visual media to
communicate with each other and learn.
Opportunities (other info)
1. Promote your companys brandsales and marketing
professionals can use social media to introduce and promote
new products and services in a way that increases a potential
target market exponentially. Social networking sites allow
consumers to communicate with each other and to share their
thoughts and ideas about your companys products.
Additionally, social media sites provide consumers with the
opportunity to follow your products or services or to tweet
about their experiences, thereby creating a more personal
connection while building brand loyalty.
2. Engage your customerswhatever your company sells, whether
a product or a service, it has a customer base that can be
engaged through social media. But the manner of engagement
is unique because social media has revolutionized the style of
business-to-customer communications. Customers no longer
want to be talked at. Instead, they are looking for organizations
to listen, to appropriately engage, and to respond to them.
Social media sites are now used as a version of electronic word
of mouth and provide a platform for your consumers to not only
speak directly to your company, but also for consumers to
communicate with each other, sharing reviews or testimonials
about specific products or services. Companies that join social
media sites are able to create stronger relationships with their
customers and are also able to improve customer service by
utilizing social media to address customer service issues.
Customers no longer want to be talked at. Instead, they are
 looking for organizations to listen, to appropriately engage, and
to respond to them.
3. Improved recruiting techniquesthe days of simply posting a
job on a job board or running a newspaper advertisement is
long over. Instead, recruiters today are increasingly turning to
social media sites to attract and recruit top talent. In order to
avoid being barraged with hundreds of resumes submitted by
unqualified candidates, recruiters are choosing to perform
targeted searches on professional social media sites, such as
LinkedIn. Doing so allows recruiters to search for candidates
with specific knowledge, skills and experience.
Prospective employees are also using company profiles posted
on social media sites to develop lists of companies where they
would be interested in working.
By creating a detailed profile, your company will be able to
attract the best candidates and maintain strong ties with former
valued employees who could be potential candidates in the
future.
4. Employee engagementSocial Networking tools allow
organizations to improve communication and productivity
among employees. Professional social media sites such as
LinkedIn, allow your employees to join specific work groups in
order to engage in conversations with other professionals in
similar industries. This kind of participation can broaden the
employees knowledge base and help to generate new and
innovative ways of meeting business challenges. Employees can
also use social networking sites to build targeted professional
networks that can help them stay current with market trends.
Allowing employees the latitude to utilize social media
techniques also promotes trust with employees and fosters a
more collaborative environment.
5. Cost effectiveusing social media as a sales and marketing tool
is a very inexpensive mode of advertising because it reaches a
vast audience for a marginal investment. Instead of spending
large amounts of money on marketing and advertising
campaigns, let your happy customers advertise for you. Many
consumers rely heavily on social media sites such as Yelp,
Urban-spoon, and City-search for peer reviews of businesses.
Many consumers are no longer going directly to the source for
product information; they trust their peers to fairly review
products for them. Therefore its a good idea to encourage your
customers or clients to check-in at your business, or direct them
to review your product online. This method ensures that you
reach a vast audience via social networks, and even better,
doesnt cost you a thing.
6. Share information about your companyboth customers and
potential employees use social media to research companies
that they have an interest in knowing more about. Social media
sites provide an excellent medium for companies to share
positive information. It is important to leverage sites such as
Facebook and Twitter to your advantage. If your company
doesnt already have a Facebook page you should challenge
your marketing team to create one. Using social media as a
sales and marketing tool is a very inexpensive mode of
advertising because it reaches a vast audience for a marginal
investment.
Opportunities & Challenges of Social Media in the Workplace
Posting a Facebook page will allow your company to generate an
online community of clients or customers that are familiar with your
product. Encourage your customers to like your Facebook page.
Each time an individual likes a page; all of their friends see that
endorsement and may become motivated to visit your site. If you
have a new product coming outor maybe youve been recognized
for a current product or servicelet your customers know via
Twitter. Strategically timed tweets disseminate information about
your company to thousands of potential customers or employees.
1. An opportunity to listenremember, just because you
arent listening, doesnt mean people arent talking.
Conversations about you and your business may be taking
place with you or without you. By actively taking part in the
conversations happening on the web, you are able to
manage these conversations in a positive manner. Leverage
social media to solicit constructive feedback from both
customers and employees. Social media allows companies
to collect feedback both more quickly and more cost-
effectively than does a traditional email or phone survey
strategy. Many social media sites allow businesses to create
polls, which are posted online and are viewable to anyone
that visits your site. This is a great way to get invaluable
feedback that you can use to improve your product. Also,
by encouraging employees to participate in these polls you
can improve employment practices or pinpoint deficiencies
in your human capital practices and strategy.
2. Thought leadershipsocial media is an ideal venue in which
to establish your company as a thought leader. Many
companies effectively utilize social media blogging sites to
provide company-specific content. Not only does this show
your customers that you are a thought leader, it also
generates conversation on the topic you choose to blog
about. By framing your message in a specific way you are
sure to generate consensus which will lead to increased
conversation about your topic, and ultimately your
company. And when you give people a reason to discuss
your topic you are generating online chatterthe goal of
any social media strategy.
Challenges of media and information
How to feed information and distribute it
Often challenge by political problems of traditional realm
There are lots of challenges that media and information
faces with its power to feed and distribute information but
as a whole, they are mostly connected to political and
societal issues.
Number one example is the Fake News.
INFOGRAPHICS
The graphic art of presenting information
An information graphic (infographic) is a visual
representation of a data set or instructive material. An
infographic takes a large amount of information in text or
numerical form and then condenses it into a combination of
images and text, allowing viewers to quickly grasp the
essential insights the data contains