1

Chapter
Equipment:
Tools
thatyou havethepropertoolsbeforeyou beginto correctyourchartsThe
It is recommended
followingitemsarerecommended andcanbe boughtfrom anygoodstationerwho sellsbrand
namessuchas Staedtler, RotringandLinex
Standardgraph,
l Pns Youneedtwo penswith differentsizesof nib, eg.0.15mmand0 25 mm.
Usea 0.l5mm nib to insertinformahonanda 0.25mmnib to delete.It is
necessaryto follow the instructions
accompanyingthepenofyour choice
so thatyou cankeepit cleanandin goodworkingorder
2. Ink The colourshouldbevioletso thatyou canseeyourupdates clearly.
Also, theycanbe seenby PortState,FlagState,ClassandInsurance
surveyorinspectionteams.
3. Pencils For chanwork marinersmay prefera softerpencilsuchas a 28.
7H. This is a hardpencilwith a sharppointfor pin-pointingpositions
whenusingeithera parallelrule anddividersor a tracing.A tracingis x
usefultool for positioningan updateqDlcklyTracingscanbe obtaiDed
throughappointed AdmiraltyChartAgents.
4 Eraser This shouldbe softandusedonly for rubbingout pencilmarksor facks
on chartsor NMs recordedin theNP 133A.
5. Adhesive This is to be usedwhenstickingNM blocksandnotesontocharts.
" Therearemanytypesof adhesive on themarketbut theproductknown
as "Positionable Mounting Adhesive Rolls", a 3M productunderthe
brandnameScotchrM, is stronglyrecommended. As thereis no distofiion
to the chart or the block, you will find that you can obtaina perfect fit;
andit is permanent.
6. Parallelrule Therearctwo lypes:
a. Roller
b. Stepping
Both areperfectlysuitablefor thepurposeof plottingchartupdates.
7. Dividers Bow dividersaremorcsensitive
for accurate
Dositioning.
8. Compass With a penattachment, pieceofequipmentfor Dpdating
is an essential
where you for example,Pos;riart
haveto drawlargecirclesor sectors,
the point gentl! b awd piercing the chart.
9. Ilacksawblade A useful tool which you can useto dmw the symbolfor a cable.The
bladeshouldhaveabout14 teetbto I inch (2.5cm).Be carefulto usethe
bladeso thatyourpenwill flow overtheteeth.
10. Straightedge A steelstraightedge,preferablyI metrein length,with a trueand
straightedgeis a usefultool for findinga positionon a chart.It is a
slowerprocessthanusinga parallelruleranddividersbut thereis less
room for elror,
. Template With varioussizesof holes,shouldbe usedfor drawingsymbolsfor
radarandradiobeacons, smallcircularlimits,etc.

Equipment:
Publications
t2. NP 13JA ChartConectionLog.This publicationmay bepurchased ftom any
appointed AdmiraltyChartAgent.It hstseverychartnumericallyandis
usedto recordupdates(by theirNM number)againstanychartaffected.
It is recommended that,whentheAdmiraltyNMs arereceived(see
Chapter2r Noticsto Mariners (SectionII) you shouldidentifythose
chartswhich are affectedand rccord the relevantNM numberagainst
thechaftnumberin theNP 133A.Youcancorrectyour chafislaterin
ink andcrosstheappropriate NM numberthroughin pencilin NP 133A
asyou completeeachupdate.Thedateof theNew Edition/NewChart
shouldbe enteredin ink as a permanent record.Theyeardatefor the
cunentyearofNMs shouldbeunderlinedso thatit is not confusedwith
an NM number.On thenextpageis an exampleextractof NP 133A.
If you only havea few chartsaboard,you maypreferto usea lined
jotter or notebookwith a list of thechaftnumbersin numericalorder
Merchantmarineofficersmaypreferto usea cardindexsystembased
on folio content,A computerprogramcanbe adaptedto accommodate
thisinformation.YoucanuseAdmiraltyNoticesto Mariners-On-Line-
(ANMO) Service(seepage54),or theoutfit management servicesof an
Intemational AdmiraltyChartAgent(IACA).
Whicheversyslemis used,lt is vital thatan up-to-date rccordis
maintained of all updates
affectingall chartsheld.Withoutsucha record
it is veryeasyto losetrackof whercyou areup to in theupdatrng
process. If thishappens, theprocesswill becomechaoticandyou are
likely to misssevemlnotices.
 Folio Nolices to Mariners allecting chart
ChartNo. No.
198706T 2 (NE)-?@?-lr7-2127-5172-il35-M-?313-2973
3061 89

1990 DEC21 (NO-@?-429-559-783-5475-@3-756

3062 ll

Exractfrom ChanColmtion Log NP l33A

13. f{P 234 This is the "Cumulative List ofAdmiralty Notices to Mariners" which
is publishedtwice a year:The first is publishedin Januaryand includes
all NM numberspublishedduringtheprevioustwo years.TheJuly
edition includesall the NM numberspublishedduring the Prcvioustwo
and a half years.lt also containsthe larestedition datesfor all chartsin
the Admiralty series.It is a very useful tool for checkingthe accuracyof
your recordof updates.It is the only sourceof information when setting
up an NM recordsystemfor the fust time. The CumulativeNM List,
NP 234, can also be found on the UKHO web site www.ukho.gov'uk.

14. Chart 5011 This is a bookletentitled"Symbolsand AbbEviations usedon Admiralty

Chaits" but it is alsoknown andrccognisedby ils clErt numberlt explains
everysymbolusdon Admiralrychartsandshouldb usedasa guide
duringtlle chartupdatingprocess. Chart5011is a publicationwhichis
updatedby NM when necessary.
15. 'X'Charts Whenimportantchangesto routeingmeasures or otherchartedfeaturesare
explained due to comeinto force on a givenday,it is imponant that chartsusersare
awareof thechangesbeforetheeventtakesplace.
Sometimesthe easiestway to promulgatethesechangesrs to issuea
new edition of the chart in advanceof the changeoverday,with the new
situationdepicted-This chart will then be readily availablefor usewhen
the changeoveroccurs.Howeveruntil that date,marinersshouldcontinue
to usethe existingedition of the chart.
To stop the existing and new chartsbecomingmixed up, the UKHO
'X' chan. Madnersare instructedto
refersto the existingchart as an
'X'. Both
mark the chart numberon the existingchart with a prefix
chanswill then needto be kept up{o-date until the new edition comes
into force,whenthe 'X' chartwill be cancelled. Separate updates will
ihe 'X' chart.The date and time that
be issuedfor the new edilion and
the new edition comesinto force will be shownon the chart.Unlessfte
changeoverdateis postponedafter the new edition has beendistributed,
'X' chan.
only (T) NMs will b issuedto updatethe
16. Annual TheAnnDalSDmmary ofAdmiraltyNoticesto Marinersis publishedin
Sun|mary January eachyear It containsthetextofAnnualNoticesto Madnersissued
(NP247) in thatyear,a repnntof all TemporaryandPreliminaryNoticesto Mariners
iDforceat thebeginningof theyearanda rcprintof amendments to
AdmiraltySailingDirections thathavebeenissuedsincepublication
of the
latestedrlonsor supplements. Thisis an essential
partofa chartoutfit.
Youshouldmakesurethatyou haveoneon boardassoonaspossible
afterit hasbeenpublishedAnnualNoticescanbedownloaded ftom the
UKHO web site.
t7. Chart Althoughnot mandatory,chaftusersmay find it usefulto keepthejr chart
Catalogue catalogueup-to-datefor new chartsandnew editionspublishedandthose
(NPr31) withdrawnwithoutreplacementChartlimlts may be drawnin or deleted
on the appropriateindexsheetin NP 131andthechartnumberand title
insertedor deletedasappropriateon theoppositepagein therelevantplace
This will ensurethecorrectchartscanbe orderedif the vesselis scheduled
to takepassagethroughsuchareas
 2
Chapter
Noticesto Mariners:
Information
available Noticesto
fromtheWeeklyEditionof Admiralty
Mariners.
On the front cover there is a list of Contents, referenceto Copyright, importantFax and
telephone numbers,e-mail and web site addresses,and a requestto inform the UKHO on
discoveryof new dangersand of shortcomingsin Admiralty products.

SectionI Explanatory List

Notes,Publications
SearchableNotices to Mariners are availablefrom the UKHO web site.For an explanationof how
to accessand usethe web site,seepage54.

The beginningof SectionI containsguidancenotesfor the useof Admiralty Noticesto Mariners

on-line.Thereare a numberof explanatorynotesaboutspecificitemswithin the WeeklyNotices
to Mariners.

It is strongly recommended that you thoroughlyread the "EXPLANATORY NOTES".

At the beginningof the PublicationsList is an index of Admiralty Chartsaffectedby the

PublicationsList. Thereafterthereare a numberof standardsections(outlinedbelow) and finally
any "one-off' announcements.

Admiralty Charts ond Publications Now Published and Available. This part containsa list of
New Charts and Publications, followed by New Editions of Charts and Publications published
in the last week and availablefrom Admiralty ChartAgents.lt is importantto monitorthis
informationin caseyou shouldbe lefi with an out-of-dateeditionof a chartwhich hasbeen
superseded by a new version.When you receivea new chartor new edition.you must destroythe
old supersededcopiesimmediately. lt is dangerousto use an out-of'-dateedition of a chart.

Admiralty Charts and Publications to be Published.A list of chartsto be publishedas new

chartsor new editionsof existingchartsand a list of new Admiralty publicationsscheduledto be
publishedon a certaindate in the future. They will be availablefrom Admiralty Chart Agents on
this date.This is included so that advancedorderscan be placedwith your Admiralty Chart Agent.

Revisedpublicstion dates.This paragraphrevisesthe publicationdate of a chart or publication

which has beenannouncedin previousweeks.A reasonfor any delayis given.

Admiralty Charts and Publicationspermanently withdrawn, As a result of the publicationof a

new chartor new publication.certainotherchartsor publicationsof the samegeographical area
may be cancelledand withdrawn.It is importantthat the cancelledcopiesare destroyedas soonas
you receivethe new copy.

Admiralty Ruster Chart Services- Latest Issue Dates of Regional Discs. As well as the last issue
datethe intendedre-issuedateis promulgatedfor regionaldiscsdue to be superseded in the near
future.

From tirne to time there will be a paragraphentitledRevisedUK RecommendedRetail Prices

(RRP(IIK)).lt will adviseyou of the latestrevisedprice of Admiralty Chartsand Publicationsand
the date this will take effect.
Also from time to time, there will be an announcementunder the headingAdmiralty Distributor
Information to show the appointmentof new Admiralty Distributorsand ChartAgents,the
terminationof appointments and any changesin the addressor contactdetails.

Erratum. Occasionally,at the end of SectionI, correctionsto textualerrorswhich have occurred

in earlierWeeklyeditionsof Admiralty Noticesto Marinerswill appear.

SectionlA Temporary Notices(Monthly)

and Preliminary
This sectioncontainsa list of T&P noticescancelledduringthe previousmonth and a list of those
T&P noticespreviouslypublishedand still in force.

SectionlB CurrentHydrographic (Quarterly)

Publications
Information is providedon HydrographicPublicationsat the end of March, June,Septemberand
December.This sectionlists the cuffent editionsof:
. Admiralty SailingDirectionsand their latestSupplements,

. Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals;

. Admiralty List of Radio Signals;

. Admiralty Tidal Publications.

This informationis alsocontainedin the CumulativeList of Admiraltv Noticesto Mariners(NP 234).

which is publishedeverysix months.

Sectionll Admiralty
Noticesto Mariners. to Standard
Updates
Navigational
Charts
GeographiculIndex. This index gives you a quick referenceto thosepagesdealingwith updates
to chartsin a particulargeographical
area.

Index PagesOn receiptof the Weekly Edition you shouldlook at the Index of Charts Affected
and compareit with your stock record to identify thosechartsto be updated.The appropriate
NM numbersshouldbe insertedagainstthe affbctedchartin your NP 133.Aor otherrecordas
explainedin Chapterl. NMs areprintedin numericalorderwithin geographical regions.A glance
at the Index of Notices on the previouspagewill identify the appropriatepage numberfbr a
particularNM. SomeInternational/Admiralty ChartAgents(IACAs/ACAs)can supplylists of NM
numberstailoredto your chartsaboard.

Chart UpdatesThe first Notice in SectionII refersto MiscellaneousUpdatesto Charts.These

updatesnormally ariseas consequentialaction to overlappingor different scalechartson
publicationof a New Chartor New Edition.For example,new chart limits may haveto be inserted
on a smaller scalechart coveringthe sameareaas a new chart or limits deletedif a chart has been
withdrawn.Alternatively,cautionarynotesmay needto be insertedor the wording altered.

SeeChapter 3 "Notices to Mariners: format of Chart Updates" for a more detaileddescription

of the structureof NMs and Chapter 4 for examplesof different types of NM with noteson how
to carrv out the uodates.

9
Temporaryand Preliminary NMs: Theseare shown by (T) or (P) after the NM number and
a referenceto the year of publication.The explanatorynotesat the beginningof SectionI of
the Weekly edition includesfurther explanation.TemporaryNoticesmay be issuedto warn of
temporarychangesin aids to navigationor to warn you of hazardsof a temporarynaturee.g. a
navalexercise,exploratorydrilling, dredging,etc.

PreliminaryNoticesmay containthe latestinformationaboutnew pemanentdevelopments

e._9.
harbour
works,or a bridgeunderconstruction. They may alsoprovideyou with
. advancednotice of permanentchangesabout to take place,

' an outline of changesfbund in an examinationof a new surveyor a foreign chart which will later
be promulgatedby block correctionor partial new edition.

Thesenoticesareplacedat the end of SectionII and printedonly on one sideof the pageso that
you can cut them out and pastethem in a notebookor loose leaf folder for readyreference.

The infbrmation containedin T & P noticesis importantnavigationalinfbrmation which shouldbe

insertedonto your in-usechartsin pencil. The numberof the NM shouldalsobe insertedagainst
the aflectedchart numberin your recordsNP 133A,alsoin pencil.A monthlylist is publishedwhich
listsall T & P noticesin fbrce(seeSectionlA).

SectionllA Reprintsof NewZealandNMs

Sincethe publicationof Weekly Edition 9 dated6th March 1993,it has been the practiceto select
only thoseNew ZealandNMs that meet the criteriain Annual Notice 9 and publishthem as
Admiralty NMs. However,for thosewho require to know the full detailsfor all New Zealandchart
updating(ie not T & P) NMs, thereis an unabridgedversionof theseproducedin SectionIIA.

At the end of SectionII, you will find cautionarynotes,blocks,depthtablesand diagramsassociated

with the updateslistedin SectionII.

Sectionlll Reprints
of selectedRadioNavigational
Warnings
Seethe note at the startof SectionIII of the Weekly Edition. More detailsregardingthis
informationcan be found in Annual Notice 13 and the Admiralty List of Radio SignalsVolume3.

Thesewarningsare selectedreprintsof thoseissuedand promulgatedthrough the Worldwide

NavigationalWarning Service(WWNWS) in the week precedingthe in-force date at the top of
the page.Warningsreceivedthrough the WWNWS and thosein SectionIII shouldbe plotted on
in-use chartsin pencil, as appropriate.

SectionlV Amendments
to Admiralty (SDs).
SailingDirections
Admiralty Sailing Directionsare complementaryto the chart and to other navigational
publications.It is important,therefore,to have a systemwherebyany amendmentscan be
easily retrievedand crossreferencedto the particularsectionof the parentpublication.It is
recommendedthat amendmentsare kept in a file with the latest 'in force' list of amendments
(publishedperiodically at the end of SectionIV) on the top. The list can then be consultedwhen
using the parentbook to seeif any amendmentsaffectingthe areaunder considerationare in force.
It is not recommended that amendments be stuckin the parentbook or supplement.

10
 V
Section Amendments Listsof LightsandFogSignals(ALLs)
to Admiralty
Each week thereare changesaff-ectingthe volumesof ALLs. The most importantof thesechanges
are ref'lectedin the chart updatesbut not necessarilyin the sameweekly edition.

This infbrmationis printedon one sideof the pageso that you can eithercut it out and stick it in
the affectedvolume, or keep it filed separatelyso that you can easily refer to it. It is also important
to annotatethe recordof amendmentsinside the fiont cover of eachvolume when the amendments
havebeencomnleted.

Listof RadioSignals(ALRS).
to Admiralty
SectionVl Amendments
Equally importantis the information containedin thesevolumesand amendmentsshouldbe carried
out in the samemanneras thosein the Lists of Lights and Fog Signals.

At the end of eachWeeklyBulletin a HydrographicNote (H102) and a HydrographicNote for Port

Information(Hl02a) is includedfor your useif you find any informationof navigationalimportance
which is not alreadyon your chartand which you wish to tell us about.
Chapter
3
Noticesto Mariners:
Formatof ChartUpdates
The text of a chart updating notice always follows the sameformat:

2087* ENGLAND - East Coast- The Wash- Lynn Deeps,Bull Dog Channel,WisbechChanneland King's Lynn -
6L= -=-r Wreck, Light-beacon.Buoyage.Depths.
Lieht List Vol. A. 2004105-
2176.2
So-urce:MRCC Yarmouth,Portof WisbechAuthority andKing's Lynn ConservancV
Board<--@
@---- Note.'FormerNotice 1966(P)/03 is cancelled

r1_-> Chart 108| previousupdate5328/03I ETRS89DATUM

\-/
6t------ Intttt fA|rO
\Y/ 53. 00'.05N.,
0. 2l'.87E.

Chart ll90 flNT 1508)[ previousupdate615/04 ] ETRS89DATUM

Insert
-.E

i l8': wk (a
YY
53"00'.05N.,
0' 2t'.87E.

Chart 1200(INT 1556)(plan F, King's Lynn) lpreviousupdate5I 54/03I ETRS89DATUM

Insert I o.n 52"45',.325N.,
0" 23',.487E.

Chart 1200(INT 1556)| previousupdate5I 54/03I ETRS89DATUM

-.q
Insert i18':wk
53. 00'.05N.,
0" 2t'.87E.
,
A O(O+LF\.l5sLake
E 52. 51'.02N.,
0" 13',.39E.
c
A VQ(3)ss
MAC
* BY8 52' 50',.63N.,
00 t2'.49E.
contour,joining:
drying approximate 52"51'.20N., 0' 13',.74E.
(existingcontour)
52' 50"99N.,00 13'.44E.
52. 50'.80N.,0" l2'.98E.
Delete fo.re, / e@)+LFl.rls Lake
WY 52' 50',.87N.,
0" 13',.04E.
formerdrying approximatecontour,joining: (a) above
(b) above

A The NM number in the current year which should be recorded at the bottom left hand corner
of the chart after you have updatedthe chart. An asterisk indicates that the notice is based
on original information.

B The title includes the geographicalarea or country, a more specific region or port and the
nature of the update.

C When the update affects a light and/or radio signal, the relevantAdmiralty List of Lights
and/or Admiralty List of Radio Signals volume and the appropriatenumber will be shown.

D The sourceof the information is shown under the title of the NM.
 Occasionallyan informativeNote is included.Thesenotesmay be usedto indicatesuchthings
as a T or P NM being cancelledby the promulgation of that particular chart update,when other
charts affected by the sourceinformation will be updatedin due coursee.g. by block or NE, and
when the NM affects "Certain Copies only."

"Certain Copies only" meansthat some charts have already been correctedfor information
containedin the Notice to Mariners. For whateverreason,it is important to know that you must
always write the number of the Notice to Mariners in the bottom left hand comer of the chart
even when your chart contains the information reported in the Notice to Mariners.

The NM individually lists each chart affected, showing the relevant part or parts of the
update which affect that chart.

The following points should be noted:

. Charts are listed in numerical order within each update.

. If the previous update information contained in the squarebrackets does not agree
with the information on your chart, you are missing one or more NMs or you are
using an old edition. You should always insert the missing NMs onto the chart before
updating the chart for the latest NM.
. The geodetic datum is shown alongsidethe chart number after "previous update". If
the notice affects a plan or inset, this is indicated. NB. Tracingsshouldalwaysbe filed
by chat number.That way all the relevant information for any particular chart is kept
togetherand, ifthat chart is cancelledor replacedby a new edition or a new chart,all the
old tracings relating to that chart can be destroyed.

G The text of the update comes next. Be careful when noting positions. Positions are normally
given in degrees,minutes and decimals of a minute, but may occasionally quote secondsfor
conveniencewhen plotting from the graduation of some charts.

H In some cases,positions may be cross-referencedin this manner.

 UpdatesTo Charts
Miscellaneous
This miscellaneousupdate primarily includes changesto charts as a result of the publication of
the new editions and new charts listed in section L These can be things such as changesto the
limits of larger scale charts, changed"adjoining chart" referencesor altered cautionary notes.The
following is an example of a miscellaneousupdate.

4290 MISCELLANEOUS UPDATESTO CHARTS

Source:UK HydrographicOffice.

Chart PreuiousUpdateDetails

2527/04 Amendreferenceto read,1912,in position:

3 5 "5 0 ' , . 6 N . , 5 ' 5 0 ' . 6 W .
<---(9
Deletenote,POSITIONS:CHART 1912,centredon:
36"07',.0N..5'45',.8W.

Aus 395 1200103 Insertmasentalimit andchartnumber,Aus 676,asfollows:

/a\ North:4o39"155. East:l49o34"33E.

\9- South:4040'.g0s. west: 149"32"45E.
Insertmagentalimit andchartnumber,Aus 676,asfollows:

North:5o32"705. East:149' 14"60E.

South:5" 35'.835. West:149o11"08E.

856 1318/03 Insertmagenta 1912(seeNote- POSITIONS),

limit andchartreference, joiningthe
followingpositions:

34" 15"25N.,6' 41'.83W

34' 17"51N..6" 41',.83W.
34" l7'.51N.,6" 38',.80W.
34" l8'.92N..6' 38',.00W.
34' 18"92N..6'33'.83W
3 4 "1 5 ' , . 2 5 N . , 6 ' 3 3 " 8 3 W
Insertaccompanying note,CHART 1912:POSITIONS,centredon:
33" 34'.4N.,6'32"4W
Deletemagentalimit andchartnumbe! 1912,centredon:
34" 18'.9N.. 6" 42"0W

A The miscellaneousNM number to be recorded in the bottom left hand corner of each chart
updated.The miscellaneousNM is always the first notice each week.

B The chart to be updated and the previous update number.

C The text of the update to be applied.

D The instruction to insert new larger-scalechart limits is shown like this. Draw a "box" with
theselimits and insert the chart number (in this caseAus 676) in a corner of the box clear of
other detail.
Explanation
of Termsusedin Noticesto Mariners
The main text of the updatestartswith one of the following five commands,usually in the order
shown:
INSERT is usedfbr the insertionof all new dataor, togetherwith the DELETE command,when
has movedpositionsufficientlythat the MOVE commandis not appropriate.For
a f-eature
example:Deletefeatureand Insert in a different position.
AMEND is usedwhen a featureremainsin its existingchartedposition but has a changeof
characteristic, for example:
Amend light to, Fl.3s25m10M 32'36',.90s.,60'54',.18E.
When only the rangeof a light changes:
Amend rangeof light ro, lOM 32'36'.905.,60'54'.18E.
SUBSTITUTE is usedwhen one featurereplacesan existingfeatureand the positionremainsas
charted.The new featureis alwaysshownfirst, for example:
Substituter:t, for ,+ (where r+: is the new feature)
MOVE is usedfor featureswhosecharacteristicsor descriptionsremain unchanged,but they are
to be moved small distances,for example:
Move starboard-hand conicalbuov from: -56'00'.625..4'46'.478.
to: 5 6 ' 0 0 ' . 3 0 5. 4. ' 4 6 " 3 5 8 .
DELETE is usedwhen featuresare to be removedfrom the chart or, togetherwith the INSERT
command.when featuresare moveda significantdistancesuchthat the MOVE commandis
inappropriate.

Explanation on Tracings
of Symbolsand Instructions
Insertion: lnformationto be insertedis shownby a crossedarrow (*--) and will be boxed.
The positionof the insertionis shownas a smallcircle containinga dot at its
centre.An arrow will be shown from the box to the circle. Sometimesclarification
may be requiredregardingwhat should be insertedor deleted.This is often the
casewith substitutionwhere words such as "in lieu" mav be addedto the tracing
to assistthosecarryingout updates.

Deletion: Informationto be deletedwill be boxedand hatchedout by diagonallines.

A deletionsymbol ("2) may be annotatednext to the hatchedarea.Where a
cautionarynote is being deleted,the word "Delete" will be inside the hatchedarea
of the note.

Linear Small ticks are usedto indicatethe turning points of linear featuressuchas
f'eatures pipelines,cablesor arealimits thus: --------+/

Insertion Often a deletionis coupledwith an insertionon the sametracing.In this case,

after deletionis carriedout in the usual way (as above)followed by insertionin the
deletion: positionshownby the affows.
FinalNotes
The examplesshownin this bookletareby no meansexhaustivebut are thoughtto be sufficientto
illustratethe principlesinvolved.When you are updatingyour chartsyou shouldtry to achievethe
very higheststandards of draughtsmanshipin keepingwith thoseinherentin the Admiralty Chart
so that you can readthe informationclearly.

Nlost important of all: Positionsmust be exact

Depthsand symbolsmustbe clear

Legendsand descriptionsmust be readable

Remember,you may have to read and understand what is marked on your chart under a
dim red light in the grip of a force l0 storm. Your life and others could depend upon the
accuracyof application of your updates.It is important that the task of chart maintenanceis
taken seriouslyand that you strive to achievethe higheststandardsare maintained.

PlottingfromTracings
on a Chart
Thc positioning
ol'tracingsshoLrld
alwaysbe checkedcarcfullyusing3 mcthods.as lirllows:

o Latitudeand l-oncitudelincsshown

Q u a d r a n to f C h a r t ( c . g . l c l i o l ' c e n t r e )

O t h e r l r t t i n g r n a r k ss h o w n s u c h a s s o u n d i n g so r p r o r l i n e n t t ' e a t u r e s

DrawingConventions
whenUpdatingCharts
It is good practiceto obscrvcthc firllowin-e
conventions
whenupdatingcharts:

Insertions: Do not makethc col'nlnon crrorof drawingexactlywhat is on thc tracingontothc

chart.Inscrtionscan often be macleby drawingthe new f'eaturein an openareaof
thc chartandarrowin-u it to a smallcirclcin thc correctposition.Otherinsertions
are shownin the exactpositionby clrawingthc f'eaturein the correctlocution,a
new legendis a typicalexampleof this.

Deletions: Theseshouldbe madeby drawingtwo straightlinesthrougheachpieceof text

or f-eature
to be deleted.Dcl not deleteitemsin the samemanneras shownon
the tracings.If thereis any doubt.the tracingwill be annotatedwith amplifying
inforrnationso that adjacentinfbrmation,for example,is not deletedin error.

Moving of Occasionallyfeaturesare moveda shortdistancefrom their originalposition

Features: (oftena buoy).Mark the new positionwith a smallcircle.Circle the f'eatureand
arrow it to the circle.

New Symbols: The examplesthat follow do not containan exclusiveset of symbolsusedon

tracings.New symbolsmay be introducedfiom time to time. If unsureof the
meaning,alwaysconsult the text of the NM for clarification.