a Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS Highway Safety Design Standards Part 2: Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual May 2012Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY Manila 3] MESSAGE ‘The delivery of quelity and sefer roads is a formidable challenge to the Department of Public Works and Highways. It takes a whole community to accomplish this goal Over the years, statistics on road crashes and accidents have increased tremendously involving not only the motorists but also the pedestrians 2s victims. Time has come that we have to take a closer look into the factors causing these road-related deaths and injuries. We have taken the first step — the assessment of 3, 130,00 kilometers of national roads. ‘We have thousands of kilometers of national roads more to assess and correspondingly, we shall implement their systematic safety upgrading. And for local roads, we enjoin ‘our partners in the Local Government to do their part so that the country's total road network shall comply with safaty standards. To address the engineering aspect, the DPWH has prepared the DPWH Highway Safety Design Standards Manual aimec at establishing and maintaining standardized safe road design principles and standards for roads in the Philippines. |, therefore, enjoin every road builder, both in the public and private sectors, to comply with the safety design principles laid out in this Manual — in terms of road planning, roadworks project management and traffic management. Also, in partnership with other stakeholders and in addition to engineering, we shall ‘endeavor to execute the education and enforcement aspects of road safety. Let us then work together for quality and safer roads — dedicated to saving lives. ROGELIO L” SINGSON SecretaryFOREWORD ‘The first ecition of the Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual was developed in 2004 as part of the Capacity Building Component of the ADB-assisted Road Infrastructure Safety Project with the assistance of the DPWH staff from the Project Evaluation Division of the Planning Service and the Traffic Engineering Center. The manval includes standards and guidance for the installation and use of regulatory signs, guide signs (including direction signs, tourist signs and street names}, expressway signs, traffic instruction signs, hazard markers and pavement markings. ‘The Department of Public Works end Highways issued this second edition (updated version) of the Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual to establish and maintain a standardized system of signs and pavement markings on all roads in the Philippines by incorporating intemationelly accepted new standards and practices. ‘The manual is one of the two parts of the DPWH Highway Safety Design Standards Manual as follows: Part 1: Road Safety Design Manual Part 2: Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual ‘The Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual shall be used 2s the primary reference for the design and installation of road signs and pavement markings on national and local roads. To maximize safety and provide credible instructions to drivers, it is essential to maintain a consistent standard for signs and pavement markings. In the interest of uniformity, Local Government Units, traffic management and enforcing authorities, project managers and consultants must apply the requitements of this manual on all road projects or road maintenance activities under their control. The principles contained in this manual should also be used in the training of personnel from the DPWH and other trafic management offices in the government and private sectors who are involved in the design, maintenance and construction of roads. This will enable all future road signs and pavernent markings to be consistent and uniform standard. ‘This manual supersedes the previous Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual published in 2004,Table of Contents Message Foreword Part A : Road Signs 1 INTRODUCTION 4.1 Background 1.2. The Scope of the Manual... 1.3. Authority for Installation... 4.4 Definition of Terms... 1.5 Classification of Signs... 1.6 Standard Application......... 1.7 Design 174 172 173 174 175 Letter Size Selection 1.7.6 Use of Symbols... 177 Sign Face Design. 17.8. Use of Pilipino Worded Signs... 1.8 Uniformity of Location 1.8.1 Longitudinal Placement... c.c0mcn no . 182 Lateral Placement and Height 8 1.9. Overhead Signs. 4.10 Reflectorization and illumination. 1.10.1 Means of llumination. 1.10.2 Means of Reflectorization . AAT INSt2llaliON een neeennnnsinnenne 1.12 EXCESSIVE USE... en snunsnnnnninnnnnienn 1.13 Maintenance. REGULATORY SIGNS (TYPE Ri 2A GONE occ 2.2 Purpose and Application. 2.3 Location 24 Classification 2.5. Sign Sizes... 2.6. Priority Signs (R1).. 261 Stop (R1-1) 26.2 Give Way (R1-2) oon. 263 Left Tumer Must Give Wey (R1-3) . 2.7. Direction Signs (R2)......... serene emcees 271. Direction to be Followed (R2-1 to R2-7). 27.2 Other Directional Signs... 2.8 Probibitive or Restrictive Signs (R3) NNNoounab bowvninrp *2.8.1 No Entry for All Vehicles (R3-1 and RAP) non 282 No Entry for Specific Type of Road Users (R&-2 10 R12)... 2.83 Pedestrian Prohibition Signs (R3-10P1; R3-10P2).... 284 Bevel Tumavid Garin Ang Overpass (RS-10P2), 2.8.5 Turning Prohibition (R9-13; RO-14; R9-15)... 2.86. Protibition of Overtaking (R3-16) 2.9 Speed Signs (RA) oreo 29.1 Speed Restriction (Maximum) (R4-1).. 2.92. Speed De-restriction (R4-2; R4-12P).. 2.93. Speed Restriction (Minimum) (R4-3) 2.10 Parking Signs (R5) 2.10.1 No Parking Signs (R5-1, R5-2, RS-<).. 240.2 Restricted Parking and Loading Signs (R54; RS-4A; R6-4B, RE-4C).. 2.10.3 No Waiting Signs (R5-5: R5-5A; R5-5B) 2.10.4 No Loading ang Unloading Signs (R5-6; R5-6A)...... 7 2.40.5 No Loading ! Unloading Within Yellov-Painted Curb (R5-7).. 2.10.5 No Stopping Anytime (R5-E). 2.10.7 No Parking or Stopping Sign: Bepunany BROR PEBRNN PUY Sop Ares (6-0 5-98; R5-9C) 30 2.10.8 Do Not Block intersection (R5-10).. Ot 2.40.9 Right Turners Cross at Broken White Lines (R5-11) 3t 2.11 Miscellaneous Signs (R86) . 3 2.11.1 Prohibition on Use of Audible Waming Device ~ No Bowne of Homs Sign (REA) enon os sven A 2.11.2 Load and Dimension Restriction Signs wet to RE) 32 2.11.3 Use Seat Belt Sign (RE-7) «nnn a 1 88 2.11.4 Pedestrians Crossing (R6-8). 2.11.5 School Children Crossing (R6-8) 2.11.6 Bike Lane (R6-10).... 2.11.7 Wheel Chair Crossing (Rt WARNING SIGNS (TYPE W) 3.1 Application of Warming Signs .. 3.2. Classification of Warning Signs....... 3.3) DeSIQM..n ns 3.4 Location. 3.5 Horizontal Alignment Signs (W1) 3.5.1 Sharp TUM Wi-1) corns 3.52 Reverse Tum (W1-2). 353 Cure (W1-3) 3.54 Reverse Curve (W1-4). 3.55 Winding Road (W1-5) 3.56 Helrpin Bend (W1-.... 3.6 Intersection and Junction Signs (WV2)... 3.6.1 Cross Road (W2-1).... 362 Other Cross Roads (W2-2: W2-3) 3.63 Tand Y Junctons (W2-4; W2-5; W2-6) 3.6.4 Roundabout (Rotonda) (W2-7).. 3.6.5 Priority Road (W2-8; W2-9; W2-10)... 3.7 Advance Waming of Traffic Control Device Signs (W3) 37.1 Signals Ahead (WE-1)... - 3.7.2 Stop and Give Way Sign Ahead (W3-2, W3-3) 3.8 Road Width Signs (WA)... 3.81 Nerow Bridge (W4-1) 3.82 Road Narrows (W4-2).... 383. Divided Road (W4-3) 3.84 End Divided Road (W4-4)...... eegeses Seek seas3.9 Road Obstacle Signs (WS). 3.9.1 Opening Bridge (W5-1). 3.92 Uneven Road (W52).... 3.93 Hump (5-3) 3:94 Steep Descent (WO-4) and Steep Gimb (W5-). 395 Spill Way (W5-)..... 3:96 Flood (5-7)... 3.97 Falling Rocks (W5-8) 398. Slippery (W5-9) 3.9.9. Animal Crossing (W5-10). 3.9.10 Aircraft (W5-11) 3.10 Pedestrian and School Signs (WE)... : 3.10.1 Pedestrians (\W8-1) and Slow Down Pedestrian Ahead (\W6-1P) 3.10.2 Children (W5-2) sees ee 3.40.3 Cross Only At Ped Xing ()N6-3). 3.10.4 Wheel Chair Crossing (W5-4).. 3.10.5 Bike Lane Ahead (WE-5) 3.11 Railway Level Crossing Signs (WW7) a 3.11.1 Railtoad Grossing Position (W?-1: W7-4) 3.11.2 Reilway Crossing Advance Warning (W7-2; W7-9).. 3.11.3 Alternative Railway Crossing Position (W7-4)..... 3.12 Supplementary Signs (WB)... 3.12.1 Advisory Speed (WW8-1) 3.12.2 On Side Road (\W6-2)....... 3.12.3 (Distance) m (W8-3); (Distance) km (AB-4). 3.12.4 When Wet (WE-5) 3.12.5 Blind (W8-8), Aged (WW8-7); Prayground (we School we 8); Bist (W8-10) 8.428 For PUJ (W8-11A); For Buses ( 3.13 Other Waming Signs (WS)... 3.13.4 Vertcal Clearance (W5-1A; WO-1B)...... 3.13.2 Slow Down Accident Prone Area (W$-2A) or Bumaca 'Macaias na ‘Aksidente Dito (WW9-28). 0 (WVS-3) 3.13.3 Slow Down Merging Traffic 3.134 Lane Ends ~ Merge Left (W9-).... 3.135 Slow Down Weighbridge Ahead (W8-5). GUIDE SIGNS OR INFORMATION SIGNS (TYPE 6) 4.1 Classification of Guide SigNS «soins 42. Design 421 SHAVE oon 422 Color 423 Sue.... - 424, Typo of Lettering 425 Size cf Lettering 426 Letter Spacing... 427 Amount of Legend 428 Distance Indication 42.9 Reflectorization and illu 4.3. Location... - 44 Suppor for Guide Signs... 4.41 Roadside Signs. 44.2 Overhead SIGNS. conn 4.5. Advanoe Direction Signs (G1). 4.5.1 Application......... 452 Shape, Color and Reflectorization 45.3. Formatand Use. asasaaaaaas 2882 a8 8 a9ugnseeer se eves as4.54. Legend, 4.55. Lettenng.. 456 Location... 4.6. Intersection Direction Signs (G2). 4.61 Function and Application 462 Designand Layout...... 463 Legend and Lettering... 464 Location 47 Reassurance Direction Signs (G3-t; 63-2) 4.7.1 Function and Shape. erence 4.7.2 Lettering and Legend. 4.8. Finger Board and Direction Signs for Less Important Roads (G4)... 4.81 Purpose 4.82 Shape, Color and Refiectorization.... 483. Letterng.. 4.84 Legender nvm 4.85. Distancs Indication 4.9 Street Name Signs (G6)... 491 Purpose 4.92 Location and Height... 4.93 Shape and Size 494 Color 4.95 Lettering and Numerals. 4.10 Town Names and Geographical Feature Signs (G6). 4.40.4 Application 4.11 Service Signs (G7)... 4.11.1 Application . 4.12 Tourist information and Tourist Destination Signs (G8). 4.13 Route Markers (69) 4.13.1 PUTPOSE 4.13.2 Design.. 4.133 Location of Route Markers... 4.14 Asian Highway Route Markers (G10). 4.44.4 Purpose... 4.14.2 Design... 4.14.3 Advance Directional Signs with Route Marker Shield. 4.14.4 Asian Highway Leg Marker Sign (G1-1, G1-2, G1-3, G1-4). 2VASPB RAF RRLLL ARB Signs on Expressways (TYPE GE)... 5.1 General... css aa 6.2 Expressway Approach Signs (GE1-1, GE1-2 and GE1-3)...cueue-80 5.3. Expressway Information Signs (GE2) a 5.31 Prohibited on Expressway (GE2-1A, GE2-1 5.32 Toll Charges (Advance Information) (GE2-2) 5.3.3 Lane Direction Signs (GE2-2).... 7 5.4 Advance Ext Signs (GE9-1; GE3-2; end GE9-2).. ssar88 5.5 Expressway ection Signs (GE4-1; GE4-2; GE43; GE 4-4)... 04 5.6 Expressway Service Signs (GE) .... 85 5.6.1 Rest Area (GES-1 10 GE6-2) «oun 85 5.62 Other Expressway Servce Signs (GES-4: GE5.5; GE58) 85 5.7. End of Expressway (GES-1; GE6-2; GE6-3; GE6-4) 87 6.8. Toll Signs (GE7-1; GE7-2, 58.1 General Application... 582 Sign Size... E73).5.9 Expressway Traffic Instruotion and Regulatory Signs (GE8) .......-..89 5.9.1 Wrong Way - Go Back (GE8-1) 89 5.9.2 Reduce Speed Now (GEC-2)...0.nrnmnnennennnsnninnnnnnnnnrne 90 593 RightLane Ends 500m (GE8.3) 20 594. Right Lane Ends, Merge Let (GE6-4): Lane Ends Merge Lett (SE®-8), Marge Left (GE8-6) Signs 20 8:95 Check Brakes (S1-4)... ‘TRAFFIC INSTRUCTION SIGNS (TYPE S).. 6.1 Design 62 Type. 2 6.3 Supplementary Signs sD. 83.1 Use Overpass (S1-1); Use Pedestrian Crossing (S1-2).. 832 Trucks Use Low Gear (S1-3); Check Brakes (S1-4) 6.4 Movement Instruction Signs ($2)... 64.1 Reduce Speed (2-1)... 842 Stop Here On Red Signal (2-2). 643 Turn Leftwith Care (S2-31) 6.44 Tum Right Anytime with Care (S2-3R) ooo. 845 Low Clearance Anead High Vehicles Detour (82-4) 6.4.6 Detour for ... Vehicies (S2-4A)... 6.4.7 Give Way to Pedestrians (S2-5)... 848 No Right Turn On Red Signal (S26). 64.9 Slow Vehicles Use Right Lane (S2-7), Mabagal Ne Sasakyan Mamal Sa Kanan (S2-7A) 94.40 Trak At Bus Mamaigg Se Kenan Mafiben Kung Lausct (62-78)... 6.4.11 No Through Road (S2-8).... 6.4.12 Road Closed (S2-9) wenn 6.4.13 Form 4 (2) Lane (s) (S2-10). 64.14 Alternative Route (For Trucks and Buses) (S2-1 HAZARD MARKERS (Type HM).. 7.1 General 7.2. Function. 7.3 Design 7.4 Types of Markers 7.41 One-Way Hazard Markers (HN) 742 Chevton....... oe 7.43 Twoway Hazard Markers: 7.44. Width Marker (HM6)...... 7.45 Obstruction Markers (HIM3) GUIDE POSTS AND DELINEATORS. 8.1 Guide Posts...... 8.1.1 General 81.2 Design and Ap 8.1.3 Installation. 82 Delineators... 821 General 822 Design and Application. 8.2.3 Installation... 8.3 Linear Delineation System (LDS) 83.1 General..... 832 Design and Aoplicatin... 83.3. Installation...Part B : Pavement Markings 9 10 1 12 13 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL SPECIFICATION. 9.1 Functions and Limitations of Pavement Marking 9.2. Legal Authority 9.3. Standardization 9.4 Types of Markings.. - 9.41 Pavement and cur markings. 942 Object Markings... 9.43 Reflactorized Markings 9.5 Materials... 95.1 Reflectorzed Paint 9.5.2. Pre-cut sheeting 953. Reised pavement markers. 8.6 Color of Pavement Markings. 9.7 Types of Lines... 9.8. Wieth of Lines and Tolerance DEFINITIONS... LONGITUDINAL LINE! 11.1 Center Line (or Separation Line)... 115 14.4.4 Warrants for Marking Center Lines... socnsnnenrnnnnnanens 115 14.1.2 Center Line on Urban Roads. 15 44.4.3 Center scnaninennnnmnnennennemaennanns 116 14.1.4 Center Lines at Bridges 118 14.2 Lane Line 116 11.3 Barrier Lines. 117 11.3.1 No-Passing Zones 118 11.3.2 Markings of 'No-Passir siaauiaatean 119 11.3.3 Methods for establishing ‘No-Passing’ Z0n@...s.scs.ssnsn se 120 49-4 Edge Lie. escse sun nnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnsnnsensensensensee dA 11.4.1 Pavement Edge 12 ASAD MOIR sata tennitnnemethstinataterceararnse OD 14.4.3 No Parking Zones 12 11.4.4 No Loading ! Unloading ZONES... nsunesnninrnnnnnnnnannnnenee 2 14.5 CONtINUIRY LINE nee smnsintetemnanntnieniatitenennnnnsesensees 11.6 Transition Lines. TRANSVERSE LINES 12.1 Stop Line... 12.1.1 General. 12.1.2 Placement of ines 12.2 Give Way Line 12.3 Pedestrian Crossing Markings........ 12.3.1 Zebra (nor-signaiized crossing)... 12.3.2 Crosewalks (signalized crossing) 12.4 Roundebout Holding Lines....... OTHER LINES... 48.4 Turn LineS ne 125 13.2 Parking Bay Lines... 425 13.3 Painted Median . 126 13.4 Bus and PUJ Lane Line. 12613.5 Loading and Unloading Bay Lane Line .....ccccccnnennennenn enn AB 13.6 ‘Do Not Block Intersection’ Lin€S ....c.usssnnnesneunneinnnmnnnan AT 44 OTHER MARKINGS 14.1 Approach Markings to Islands and Obstructions... 14.2 Chevron Markings... ne 14.3 Diagonal Markings ae 14.4 Marking on Exit and Entrance Remps of Excressways ees 14.4.4 Ext ramp marking. . 14.4.2 Entrance ramp marking : 145 Curb Markings for Parking and Loading/Unioading Restrictions 128 414.6 Approach to Railroad Crossing 128 15 MESSAGES AND SYMBOLS 16.1 Messages. 15.2 Symbols 15.2.1 Give Way Symbol . 15.2.2 Pavement Arrows ... 15.2.3 Numerals... 46 OBJECT MARKING.. 16.1 Application of object markings .......0.ssnennnennnemnnnnnn 16.2 Objects within the roadway .....ussennnnnnnnnemneannnnnn $0 16.3 Marking on Curbs..... 7 : ics tinsstnnsstnsrnnnion ssl BI 16.4 Objects Adjacent to the Roadway 131 47 RAISED PAVEMENT MARKERS.. TIA GENEL secrete sees 17.2 Warrants for Use 17.3 Substitution of lane lines 17.4 Supplementing painted lines. 17.5 Placement of markers. Figures : Pavement Markings. Appendices IndexTable of Figures Figure 1.1 : Lateral Positioning of Road Side Signs. Figure 2.1 : Installation of STOP Sigh....ronnnrern Figure 4.1 : Methods of Supporting Overhead Sign Figure 4.2 : Service Sign Symbols Figure 8.1 : Typical Guide Post.. : : Figure 8.2 : Placement of Delineator on Guard Fence... Figure 11 1a : Center and Edge Lines Markings for a Typical 2-Lane Road Figure 11.1b : Center Line and Lane Marking for 2 Typical Multi-Lane Road Without Medians ....00ee0e 135 Figure 11.2 : Typical Pavement Markings for Approach to Bridges ......00.000. 138 Figure 11.3 : Barrier (No Passing) Lines. 137 Figure 11.4 : Method of Establishing 'No Passing’ Zones... 138 139 Figure 11.5 : Typical Pavement Markings for Climbing Lanes... Figure 11.6 : Typical Layout of Curb Markings for ‘No Parking’ and‘No Loading/Unloading Zones 140 Figure 11.7 : Typical Line Markings on an Approach to a Signalized Intersection...141 Figure 121: Example of Stop Bar Markings and ‘STOP’ Message 1142 Figure 12.2 : ‘Give Way' Marking and Symbol... AB Figure 123: Zebra-Type Pedestrian Crossing Figure 12.4 : Roundabout Markings...... Figure 13.4 : Turn Lines... a Figure 13.2 : Typical Pavement Markings of a Channalized Intersection... Figure 13 3a : Parking Bay Markings. Figure 13.3b : Curb Parking Markings... Figure 13.2c:: Details of People With Disabilities’ Symbol. Figure 13.4 : Typical Bus and PUJ Lane Marking... Figure 135 : Loading / Unloading Bay Lines. Figure 136 : ‘Do Not Block Intersection’ Markings... Figure 14.1: Approach Marking to Islands and Obstructions . : Markings on Exit and Entrance Ramps. : Pavement Markings at Railway Crossing : Pavement Letie and Numeral Markings Guid. Figure 15.2: Messages and Symbols..... Figure 15.3 : Standard Pavement Arrows. Figure 16 0 : Rumble Strips Figure 17.1 : Placement of Raised Pavement Markers... Figure 17 2a : Specifications of Raised Pavement Studs (RPS-01) Figure 17.2b : Specifications of Raised Pavement Studs (RPS-05) Figure 17.2c:: Specifications of Raised Pavement Studs (RPS-22)