Chapter 42: Alterations of the Integument in Children

Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Acne vulgaris involves inflammation of the:

a. hair follicles.
b. sebaceous follicles.
c. eccrine glands.
d. apocrine glands.
ANS: B
Acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous units, known as sebaceous follicles. Acne is not
associated with inflammation of hair follicles, eccrine glands, or apocrine glands.

REF: p. 1084

2. A 4-month-old brought to his primary care provider for severe itching and skin lesions is
diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Which of the following would be elevated in this patient?
a. Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
b. Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
c. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
d. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
ANS: C
Most individuals affected with atopic dermatitis show an increased serum IgE level.
Neither IgD, IgM, nor IgG would be elevated.

REF: p. 1085

3. A 4-month-old is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD). Which assessment finding will most
likely support this diagnosis?
a. Blistering
b. Moist reddened skin
c. Dry, itchy skin
d. White patches
ANS: C
AD has a constellation of clinical features that include dry, sensitive, itchy, and easily irritated
skin because the barrier function of the skin is impaired. Blistering, moist skin is not
associated with AD. White patches are characteristic of other disorders, such as measles.

REF: p. 1085

4. A 14-year-old presents with severe acne. Which of the following promotes acne development?
a. Androgens
b. Estrogens
c. Gonadotropins
d. Glucocorticoids
ANS: A
 Androgens, not estrogens, increase the size and productivity of the sebaceous glands and
promote P. acnes. Neither gonadotropins nor glucocorticoids increase the size and
productivity of the sebaceous glands and promote P. acnes.

REF: p. 1084

5. Bullous impetigo is caused by a strain of:

a. Staphylococcus aureus.
b. Molluscum contagiosum.
c. Escherichia coli.
d. Candida albicans.
ANS: A
S. aureus, not molluscum contagiosum, is currently the most common overall cause of
impetigo. The most common overall cause of impetigo is not associated with E. coli or
Candida albicans.

REF: p. 1086

6. A 2-month-old develops diaper dermatitis. A nurse will monitor this patient for which
secondary infection?
a. Streptococcus
b. Proteus
c. Candida albicans
d. Staphylococcus aureus
ANS: C
Diaper dermatitis is secondarily infected with Candida albicans, not Streptococcus, Proteus,
or Staphylococcus aureus.

REF: p. 1086

7. A 10-year-old presents with vesicles consistent with vesicular impetigo. What is the most
likely cause of the condition?
a. Herpes virus
b. Candida albicans
c. Streptococcus pyogenes
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
ANS: C
Vesicular impetigo is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Vesicular impetigo is not caused by herpes, Candida albicans, or HPV.

REF: p. 1086, Box 42-1

8. A 3-year-old develops tinea capitis after playing with the family dog. This infection is caused
by a:
a. fungus.
b. bacterium.
c. virus.
d. parasite.
 ANS: A
Tinea capitis is caused by a fungus, not bacteria, a virus, or a parasite.

REF: p. 1087

9. A 5-year-old is diagnosed with tinea corporis following development of lesions on the

nonhairy parts of the face, trunk, and limbs. What is a common source of this condition?
a. Kitten
b. Pet bird
c. Hamster
d. Horse
ANS: A
Tinea corporis is usually attributed to contact with young dogs and cats, not birds, hamsters,
or horses.

REF: pp. 1087-1088

10. The nurse would correctly identify the medical term for ringworm as:
a. impetigo.
b. tinea corporis.
c. thrush.
d. psoriasis.
ANS: B
Ringworm is also known as tinea corporis. Ringworm is not impetigo, thrush, or psoriasis.

REF: p. 1088

11. A 4-month-old develops oral white spots and shallow ulcers. The pediatrician diagnoses
thrush which is caused by:
a. Escherichia coli.
b. Streptococcal bacteria.
c. Candida albicans.
d. Staphylococcal bacteria.
ANS: C
Thrush is caused by Candida albicans. Thrush is not caused by E coli, strep, or staph.

REF: p. 1088

12. A 6-year-old presents with slightly umbilicated, dome-shaped lesions on the skin of the trunk,
face, and extremities. The child is diagnosed with molluscum contagiosum caused by a highly
contagious:
a. bacterium.
b. virus.
c. fungus.
d. parasite.
ANS: B
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus. Molluscum contagiosum is not caused by a
bacterium, a fungus, or a parasite.
 REF: p. 1088

13. Molluscum contagiosum affects the skin and:

a. nails.
b. tongue.
c. conjunctiva.
d. hair follicles.
ANS: C
Molluscum contagiosum affects the skin and conjunctiva. Molluscum contagiosum does not
affect the nails, the tongue, or the hair.

REF: p. 1088

14. The nurse would be correct in identifying the duration of rubella as:
a. 12 hours.
b. 1-3 days.
c. 7days.
d. 12-15 days.
ANS: B
Rubella has a duration of 1-3 days.

REF: p. 1088

15. Rubella, rubeola, and roseola are common communicable diseases caused by _____ infection.
a. viral
b. bacterial
c. yeast
d. fungal
ANS: A
Rubella, rubeola, and roseola are all caused by a virus, not bacteria, yeast, or a fungus.

REF: pp. 1088-1090

16. A 5-year-old develops chickenpox after exposure at a daycare center. This disease is caused
by:
a. a pox virus.
b. a herpes virus.
c. an adenovirus.
d. human papillomavirus (HPV).
ANS: B
Chickenpox is caused by a herpes virus. Chickenpox is not caused by a pox virus, adenovirus,
or HPV.

REF: p. 1090

17. The nurse would correctly identify the etiologic agent of smallpox as:
a. a bacterium.
 b. a virus.
c. insects.
d. mites.
ANS: B
The etiologic agent of smallpox is a virus, not bacteria, insects, or mites.

REF: p. 1090

18. The nurse would expect the occurrence of scabies to occur more commonly among children
who:
a. attend day care.
b. live in unsanitary conditions.
c. reside in rural areas.
d. play outside.
ANS: B
Scabies does occur in daycare centers, but it occurs more commonly in unsanitary conditions.
Scabies is not associated directly with rural areas or outdoor play areas.

REF: p. 1091