Cenozoic Calcareous Nannofossil biostratigraphic and

biochronologic schemes

REFERENCES
Agnini, C., Fornaciari, E., Raffi, I., Catanzariti, R., Plike, H, Backman, J., Rio, D., 2014. Biozonation
and biochronology of Paleogene calcareous nannofossils from low and middle latitudes.
Newsletters on Stratigraphy, Vol. 47/2, 131181.
Backman, J., Raffi, I., Rio, D., Fornaciari, E., and Plike, H., 2012. Biozonation and biochronology of
Miocene through Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils from low and middle latitudes. Newsletters
on Stratigraphy, Vol. 45/3, 221244.
 CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL ZONES BIOHORIZONS
GPTS Martini
this study primary and additional
1971

o NP10 CNE2 T. eminens

0 PRZ
W

D. multiradiatus
CP8a NP9 CNP11 F. richardii gr.
CRZ
c
ro
'ac3 CNP10
D. backmanii
ro BZ
s: CP6 NP7 t-----I-------t<--' B Diseoaster baekmanii (56.95)
I-
CNP9 D. mohleri BZ

CP5 NP6
CNP8 H. cantabriae BZ
c
ro
W '6
Z c CP4 NP5
ro
w Q) CNP7 F. ulii BZ
o (/)
0 4- B Fasciculithustympaniformis(59.93)
W
__J
t----n:-;;:;:;;;:;Jn;:;:~-;;;:--r--' B Faseieulithus ulii (60.31)
~ CP3 NP4 CNP6
I----I----==---,._-' B Sphenolithus moriformis group (60.74)

CNP5 T. pertusus BZ
I----I-------l<---' Bc Toweius pertusus (circular) (62.03)
c - -- - -- P martinii BZ
ro CNP4
'c t-----I-------t<--' B Prinsius martinii (62.62)
ro CP2
o NP3

CNP3 P. dimorphosus gr.

BZ

CP1b NP2 t-----I-------t<--' Be Praeprinsius dimorphosus gr. (64.32)

1-==-!---:::-7:--::----:-=:-;:=-,._-' B Coeeolithus pe/agieus (64.76)
T Cretaceous nannofiora = KlPg
t--__JC__J....___Jc....><.!......!.!"-L.--'-'.!"""!".L-..=!."-'--'C__"___""-"'.,""",,""-"-'-'--'-""-""'__

Fig.2. CN Paleocene biozones and biohorizons are plotted versus the biozonations of Martini (1971) and Okada and Bukry
(1980). The Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) is after Cande and Kent (1995; CK95). Grey boxes show the uncer-
tainty in defining chronostratigraphic and biozone boundaries. $JQLQLHWDO
 Biozonation and biochronology of Paleogene calcareous nannofossils 149

$JQLQLHWDO

BIOHORIZON
primary and additional

Bc Clausicoccus subdislichus (33.88)

T Discoasler saipanensis (34.44)

_ T DisCOBsler
barbadiensis(34.77)
CNE20
T Cribrocenlrum reticutetum (35.24)

CNE19
B Cribrocenlrum isabel/ae (36.13)

+- Be Islhmolilhusrecurvus(36.84)
IslhmolithusrecurvusYIKE
Tc Cribrocenlrum erbae (37.46)
.._/ T Chiasmolithusgrandis(37.77)
_ B Chiasmolilhusoamaruensis(37
Be Cribrocenlrum erbae (37.88)
T Sphenolilhus oblusus (38.47)

c:
ro D. bisectus / ] T Chiasmolilhus
Solitus
'c CNE15 S.obtusus
0
t::
ro
- -- - - CRZ
_Te Sphenolithus .._/
CO
B Diclyococciles biseclus (40.34)
_ T Sphenolithusfurcalolithoides
8" (40.51)
CP14a

NP16 C. reticu/atum
CNE14
BZ

Bc Cribrocenlrum reliculalum (42.37)

CNE13
Be Reliculofeneslra umbilicus (43.06)

CNE12 +- T Blaekitesgladius
T Chiasmolilhus gigas (43.96)
c: S. cuniculus I
ro CNE11 C. gigasCRZ
:;:; Be Sphenolilhus cuniculus (44.64)
2
::J CP13b
...J NP15
CNE10 C. gigasBZ
B Sphenolffhusfurcatolilhoides"A"
(45.95)
B Chiasmolilhus gigas (46.11) .............
CNE9 N.a/ala gr. BZ _ T '5-rayed' Discoastersublodoensis
B Nannolelrina alala group (46.80)
+- 8 Sphenolilhusspiniger
CNE8
B Nannolelrina crislala (47.99) ..........
B Blackitesinflatus
T Discoasler lodoensis (48.37)
CP12a _ T COCColithus
CJ'8SSUS
Be 'S-rayed' Discoasler sublodoensis
(48.96)

NP13 CNE5 R. diclyoda

CPll
PRZ

c
ro D. lodoensis I
I_
T Tribraehialusorthostylus (50.66)
B CoccolHhus CJ'8SsuS
(50.93)
IowelusIDiclyococcites+ Reticulofenestre
Tumover
'00 CP10 NP12 CNE4 T. orthoslylus
~ CRZ
~
Be Discoaster lodoensis (52,64)

CP9b NPll CNE3

B Tribrachialusorthostylus (53.67)
CP9a
T. eminens +- 8 Tribrachiatus
contortus(54.0l
NP10 CNE2 +- 8 Discoasterdiaslypus(54.13
PRZ
CP8b
T Fasciculilhus Iympaniformis (54.71)
+- 8 Rhomboaster spp. (54.99)
T Fasciculilhus richardii gr. (55.0)
D. multiradialus I
CP8a NP9 CNP11 F. richardii group
CRZ B Discoasler multiradialus
 Biozonation and biochronology of Paleogene calcareous nannofossils 167
$JQLQLHWDO

CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL ZONES BIOHORIZONS

Age

T carinatus
CN06 Ta Cyc/icargolithusabisectus
CN1a PRZ
T Dictyococcitesbisectusand D. scrippsae
T Sphenolithus ciperoensis (24.36)
NP25
c ____X Triquetrorhabduluslongus/
CO T. carinatus (25.04)
E S. ciperoensis
CO CP19b CNOS
s: TZ
o
+----"'"
T Sphenolithusdistentus (26.81)
T Sphenolithus predistentus (26.93)
B Sphenolithusciperoensis(27.14)

S. distentus/
CP18 CN04 S.predistentus
CRZ

NP23
B Sphenolithus distentus (30.0)

c
.~ D. bisectus
a> CP17 CN03
0.. PRZ
::l
0::
T Reticulofenestra umbilicus (32.02)
R. umbilicus
CP16c NP22 CN02
TZ
T Ericsonia formosa (32.92)
Tc Clausicoccussubdistichus
E. formosa
CN01
NP21 CRZ
Bc Clausicoccussubdistichus(33.88)
c H. compacta
CO
CNE21
PRZ
'c0 T Discoaster saipanensis (34.44)
.0 CNE20 D. saipanensis <-- T Discoasterbarbadiensis(34.77)
CO
c NP20 TZ
n, CP15 Tc Cribrocentrum reticulatum

Fig.15. eN Oligocene biozones and biohorizons are plotted versus the biozonations of Martini (1971) and Okada and
Bukry (1980). The Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) is after Pal ike et al. (2006). Grey boxes show the uncertainty
in defining chronostratigraphic and biozone boundaries.
226 J. Backman et al.
%DFNPDQHWDO

Fig.2. Miocene through Pleistocene biozones and biohorizons are plotted versus the biozonations of Martini (1971) and
Okada and Bukry (1980), and the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS; Lourens et al. 2004). Abbreviations are ex-
plained in the text and in Table I. Zancl. = Zanclean.
 BIOHORIZON
primary and additional
Be Emiliania huxley;

0.5

1.0

CN13b
1.5 CNPL8 B Gephyrocapsa (>5.5 urn: 1.59)
T Calcidiscus macintyrei (1.60)
1------11-..>.;;;;..:....<:"-'-"'-"-'-==----10---' B Gephyrocapsa (2:4 urn; 1.71)
CNPL7
2.0
CN12d NN18 CNPL6 D. brouweri TZ Bc Discoaster triradiatus (2.16)

1-=-:-:-,-:-+:-:-:--:-:-::+----+--------1<----, T Discaaster pentaradiatus (2.39)

2.5 D. pentaradiatus T Discoaster surculus (2.53)
TZ

3.0
NN16
CN12a CNPL4 D. tama/is TZ

3.5
T Sphenolithus spp. (3.61)

T Reticulaf. pseudaumbilicus (3.82)

CN11b B Pseudoemiliania lacunosa
4.0 Be Discaaster asymmetricus (4.04)

CN11a
4.5
NN13 CNPL2 S. neoabies PRZ T Amaurolithus primus (4.58)
B Helicosphaera sellii

CN10c
5.0 TCeratalithus acutus (5.04)
B Ceratolithus rugosus (5.08)
T Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus (5.23)
CN10b CNPL1 C. acutus TRZ B Ceratolithus larrymayeri (5.33)
NN12 B Ceratalithus acutus (5.36)
B Ceratolithus at/anticus (5.39)
5.5 T Discaaster quinqueramus (5.53)

Fig. 9. Pliocene and Pleistocene biozones and biohorizons plotted versus "standard" zonations (Okada and Bukry 1980,
Martini 1971) and the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS; Lourens et al. 2004). Abbreviations are explained in the
text. Middle and late Pleistocene stages are not yet formally defined. Be Emiliania huxleyi is time transgressive (Thierstein
et al. 1977), and marked with an interval rather than a line. %DFNPDQHWDO