Microcytic Normocytic Macrocytic

Iron deficiency anaemia Anaemia of chronic disease B12/folate deficiency anaemia

Ferrous sulphate- take it until Inflammatory conditions Parietal cells produce intrinsic
anaemia is gone, then for 3 factor which binds to B12,
months afterward which then gets absorbed in
terminal ileum.

Malabsorption- Coeliacs
Pernicious anaemia-
autoimmune process meaning
intrinsic factor is destroyed/not
produced
Terminal ileum- Crohns

Folate tends to be dietary

Haemoglobinopathy (e.g.
sickle cell disease)- structurally
abnormal globin
Thalassemia- not enough
globin
EPO deficiency Haemolysis
Stimulates bone marrow to Increased number of
make RBC reticulocytes (reticulocytes are
bigger) -> increased MCV
(MEAN cell volume)

a-thalassemia
b-thalassemia

Bone marrow failure

Infections: TB
Radiation
Cancer drugs
Haemodilution

Especially with haematemesis

Transfusion instead of fluids

Lymphoma

Presentation:

- Non-Hodgkins: younger patients

- Hodgkins: older patients
- Lymphadenopathies- painless rubbery lumps. Compressive- breathlessness, bowel
obstruction, retroperitoneal, spinal
- Fever, night sweats (drenching) , weight loss - B symptoms
- Organomegaly- most do not, infiltration of blood cancer