EXERCISE 3C 1 Write out the following binomial expansions.

(i) (x+ 1) 4 (ii) (1 +xf liiil (x+ 2) 5

P1
(iv) (2x+1) 6 (v) (2x-3) 4 (vi) (2x+ 3y) 3
2 m
(vii) ( x _ (viii) (x+ (ix) ( 3x - >c
CD
a
;
2 Use a non-calculator method to calculate the following binomial coefficients. CD
w
Check your answers using your calculator's shortest method. n

(i) ( (ii) ( (iii) (

(iv) ( : ) (v) ( (vi)

3 In these expansions, find the coefficient of these terms.

(i) x 5 in (1 + x) 8 (ii) x4 in (1- x) 10 liiil x 6 in ( 1 + 3x) 12

(iv) x 7 in (1- 2x) 15 (v) x2 in ( x2 +

4 (i) Simplify (1 + x) 3 - (1- x)3.

(ii) Show that a3 - b3 =(a- b)(a 2 +ab+ b2 ).
(iii) Substitute a= 1 + x and b = 1 - x in the result in part (iil and show that
your answer is the same as that for part (i) .

5 Find the first three terms, in descending powers of x, in the expansion

of ( 2x-

6 Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the expansion (2 + kx) 6

7 (i) Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the expansion
(1- 2x) 6
(ii) Hence find the coefficients of x and x2 in the expansion of (4- x)(2- 4x) 6 .

8 (i) Find the first three terms, in descending powers of x, in the expansion

tii) Given that the value of the term in the expansion which is independent of
xis 240, find possible values of k.

9 (i) Find the first three terms, in descending powers of x, in the expansion of

(x2
liil Find the coefficient in the expansion of ( x 2 -
 10 (il Find the first three terms, in descending powers of x, in the expansion

of (x-
liil Hence find the coefficient of x in the expansion of ( 4 + : 2 )( x-
01
Q)
;:
Q)
01 11 lil Show that (2 + x) 4 = 16 + 32x + 24x2 + 8.0 + x4 for all x.
"0
c (iil Find the values of x for which (2 + x) 4 = 16 + 16x + x 4
CO
01 [MEI]
Q)
u
cQ)
:I 12 The first three terms in the expansion of (2 + ax)n, in ascending powers of x,
Cl'
Q)
en are 32- 40x + bx2. Find the values of the constants n, a and b.
[Cambridge AS & A Level Mathematics 9709, Paper 1 Q4 June 2006]

13 lil Find the first three terms in the expansion of (2- x) 6 in ascending
powers of x.
(iil Find the value of k for which there is no term in x2 in the expansion of
(1 + kx)(2- x) 6 .
[Cambridge AS & A Level Mathematics 9709, Paper 1 Q4 June 2005]

14 lil Find the first three terms in the expansion of (1 + ax) 5 in ascending
powers of x.
(iil Given that there is no term in x in the expansion of (1- 2x)(l + ax)S,
find the value of the constant a.
(iiil For this value of a, find the coefficient of x2 in the expansion of ( 1 - 2x)
(1 + ax) 5
[Cambridge AS & A Level Mathematics 9709, Paper 12 Q6 June 2010]

INVESTIGATIONS

Routes to victory
In a recent soccer match, Juventus beat Manchester United 2-1.
What could the half-time score have been?
(i) How many different possible half-time scores are there if the final score is
2-1? How many if the final score is 4-3?
(iil How many different 'routes' are there to any final score? For example, for the
above match, putting Juventus' score first, the sequence could be:
0-0 -7 0-1 -7 1-1 -7 2-1
or 0-0-7 1-0-7 1-1 -7 2-1
or 0-0 -7 1-0 -7 2-0 -7 2-1.
So in this case there are three routes.
Investigate the number of routes that exist to any final score (up to a maximum
of five goals for either team).
Draw up a table of your results. Is there a pattern?