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  • Bab 6. Das, Braja M - 2011-Principle of FOUNDATION Engineering PDF

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    Nadhila Faraswati
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    25 views33 pages

    Bab 6. Das, Braja M - 2011-Principle of FOUNDATION Engineering PDF

    Uploaded by

    Nadhila Faraswati

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 33
    Mat Foundations Introduction Under normal conditions, square and rectangular footings such as those described in Chapters 3 and 4 are economical for supporting columns and walls, However, under certain circumstances, it may be desirable to construct a footing that supports a line of two or more columns. These footings are referred to as combined footings. When more than one line of columns is supported by a concrete slab, it is called a mat foundation. Combined footings can be classified generally under the following categories: a, Rectangular combined footing b. Trapezoidal combined footing c. Strap footing Mat foundations are generally used with soil that has a low bearing capacity. A brief overview of the principles of combined footings is given in Section 6.2, followed by a more detailed discussion on mat foundations. Combined Footings Rectangular Combined Footing In several instances, the load to be carried by a column and the soil bearing capacity are such that the standard spread footing design will require extension of the column founda- tion beyond the property line. In such a case, two or more columns can be supported on a single rectangular foundation, as shown in Figure 6.1. If the net allowable soil pressure is known, the size of the foundation (B XL) can be determined in the following manner: a, Determine the area of the foundation + @, F(t) A= (6.1) where Q), Q, = column loads : peat) = Nt allowable soil bearing capacity 291 292 Chapter 6: Mat Foundations Ly Section Be qoexan/unit length L vrorery —| Be rn [ Figure 6.1 Rectangular combined footing b. Determine the location of the resultant of the column loads. From Figure 6.1, (6. c. For a uniform distribution of soil pressure under the foundation, the resultant of the column loads should pass through the centroid of the foundation. Thus, L=2(L, +X) ( where L = length of the foundation. . Once the length L is determined, the value of L can be obtained as follows: L,=L-L,-1L; 6 Note that the magnitude of 2 will be known and depends on the location of the property line. ce. The width of the foundation is then A gi L Trapezoidal Combined Footing Trapezoidal combined footing (see Figure 6.2) is sometimes used as an isolated foundation of columns carrying large loads where space is tight. The size of the foun that will uniformly distribute pressure on the soil can be obtained in the following mi a. If the net allowable soil pressure is known, determine the area of the foundation: Qi + @: estat) 6.2 Combined Footings 293 By * daaianunit length By * docwauy/unit length Section Figure 6.2 Trapezoidal combined footing From Figure 6.2, _B +B @ 2 L (6.6) b, Determine the location of the resultant for the column loads: Ls O+0 c. From the property of a trapezoid, B, + 2B,\L +L, a . iets Gee © With known values of A, L, X, and L,, Note that, for a trapezoid, solve Eqs. (6.6) and (6.7}to obtain B, and B; L Ls B

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