III.

thi cng i mng

1. Yu cu k thut i vi thi cng i mng:
Thi cng i mng gm cc cng tc sau:
- Ghp vn khun i mng.
- t ct thp cho i mng.
- v m btng + bo dng b tng cho i.
Sau y l cc yu cu k thut i vi cng tc thi cng i
mng.
1.1. i vi vn khun:
- Vn khun c ch to, tnh ton m bo bn, n nh,
khng c cong vnh.
- Gn nh tin dng v d tho lp.
- Phi ghp kn kht gi c nc xi mng khi v m.
- Dng lp ng hnh dng kch thc ca mng thit k.
- Phi c b phn neo, gi n nh cho h thng vn khun.
1.2. i vi ct thp:
Ct thp trc khi btng v trc khi gia cng cn m bo:
- B mt sch, khng dnh du m, bn t, vy st v cc lp
g.
- Khi lm sch cc thanh thp tit din c th gim nhng khng
qu 2%.
- Cn ko, un v nn thng ct thp trc khi btng.
1.3. i vi btng:
i vi b tng i mng c chiu cao 2,5 m th vn thi cng
rt quan trng. Vn thi cng khng nhng quyt nh n c-
ng b tng v s lm vic bnh thng ca cu kin theo thit
k m n cn nh n s co ngt ca b tng do nhit trong
qu trnh thi cng. Do , khi thi cng i cc c chiu cao ln
cn phn ra nhiu t thi cng nhm gim nhit ca khi
b tng, thun tin cho vic bo dng khi b tng khng co
ngt qu ln lm nt b tng.
Cng trnh ny ta chia phn thi cng i cc thnh 5 n
nguyn, cc n nguyn c thi cng trnh t tng lp b
tng, c chiu dy mi t :
+ Chiu dy t mt 800mm.
+ Chiu dy t hai 800mm
+ Chiu dy t ba 700mm.
Cn 200mm cao trnh nh i cn li thi cng cng nn tng
hm cng trnh. S b tr xem hnh 4.36.
- Va btng phi c trn u, m bo ng nht v thnh
phn.
- Phi t mc thit k.

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 - Btng phi c tnh linh ng.
- Thi gian trn, vn chuyn, m phi m bo, trnh
lm s ninh btng.
1.4. Mch dng phn thi cng i cc:
Cng trnh c tng hm nn btng i cc v ging mng
khng n ct thit k m ch di ct thit k 20cm,
phn cn li c thi cng cng vi sn tng hm.

2. Tnh ton khi lng btng:

S b tr i cc xem hnh 4.36

M
4

Hnh
4.37 84
 2.1. Btng lt:
i mng M1 (11 i):
V1 = 11 5,2 6,2 0,2 = 66 m3
i mng M2 (6 i):
V2 = 6 7,2 8,2 0,2 = 67,2 m3
i mng M3 (6 i):
V3 = 6 6,2 8,2 0,2 = 58,2 m3
i mng M4 = 10,2 x 12,2 x 0,2 = 24,4 m3.
Khi lng btng lt i cc l:
Vlt = 66 + 67,2 + 58,2 + 24,4 = 214,8 m3
2.2. Btng i cc:
Vi = 11[562,5]+6[872,5] + 4 [6 8 2,5]
+10x12x2,5 = 2445 m3
2.3. Btng ging i cc:
Ging mng 1 (s lng: 12):
Vging1 = 1 0,5 3,2 = 1,6 m3
Ging mng 2 (s lng: 8):
Vging2 = 1 0,5 2,1 = 1,05 m3
Ging mng 3 (s lng: 1) v ging mng s 2 (s lng 9):
Vging3 = 1 0,5 1,3 = 0,65 m3
Ging mng 4 (s lng: 4):
Vging4 = 1 0,5 4,2 = 2,1 m3
Btng ging: Vging = 121,6 + 81,05 + 100,65 + 42,1 = 17
m.
3

Tng s btng mng:

Vmng = 2445 + 288.5 = 2733.5 m3.

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Hnh
3. Cng tc ct thp mng:
- Ct thp c lm sch, c gia cng sn thnh tng loi da
vo bng thng k thp mng. Mi loi c xp ring v c nh
k hiu bng sn cc mu.
- Ct thp c gia cng thnh li hoc khung theo thit k v
c xp gn h mng. Cc li thp ny nh cn trc bnh hi KX-
4362 cu xung h mng. Ngi cng nhn ng trong h mng s
iu chnh cho ct thp t ng v tr.
4. Thi cng h thng vn khun mng:
Sau khi o h mng n cao trnh thit k, tin hnh
btng lt mng, t ct thp mng, sau l ghp vn
khun i mng v ging mng. Cng tc ghp vn khun c
tin hnh song song vi cng tc ct thp.
5. Chn loi vn khun s dng:
Do c im kch thc ca i cc rt ln (c bit l chiu
cao) v b tng bng my bm nn p lc ln vn khun rt ln.
Do vy chn vn khun i mng l vn khun thp nh hnh
Vit - Trung loi tm phng c kch thc 180 30cm, sn cao
5.5cm vi cc thng s hnh hc nh sau:
W = 6.55cm3, J = 28.46cm4, thp = 1800(T/m2), E = 2.1
107(T/m2)
Gng bng thp hnh L120 80 10 t hp thnh c: W =
46.5cm3, J = 279cm4.
6. Thit k vn khun i mng:
6.1. Ti trng tc dng:
- p lc ngang ca hn hp b tng ti mi : P = H n (H
R)
Trong :
H - chiu cao mi lp b tng ti m, H = 0.3m.
R - bn knh tc dng ca m di, R = 0.7m > H.
Thay vo: P = 2.5 0.3 1.3 = 0.975 (T/m2).
- Hot ti do m b tng: 0.4 1.3 = 0.52 (T/m2).
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 Vy: qtt = q1 = 0.975 + 0.52 = 1.495 (T/m2), qtc = q2 = 1.246
(T/m2).
6.2. Xc nh s lng gng ngang:
Do cu to vn khun i mng cao (2,5m) nn chn s lng gng
l 4 ci (chia lm hai khong). S kim tra vn thnh l dm
lin tc hai nhp hnh 4.38, mi nhp (0,8m) ta trn cc gi ta l
cc gng ngang. Ti trng tc dng ln 1 tm vn khun nh
hnh l: 1.495 0.3 = 0.45 (T/m).

Hnh
4.39

Kim tra bn:

M = thp W = 1800 6.55 10-6 = 0.12 (T.m)
Mmax = ql2/8 = 0.45 0.82 /8 = 0.036 (T.m) < M => tho mn.
Kim tra bin dng:
vng cho php: f = l/400 = 0.8 / 400 = 20 10-4 (m).
1 ql 4 1 0.125 0.8 4
f max 0.857 10 4 (m) < f => tho
128 EJ 128 2.1 10 7 28.46 10 8
mn.
6.3. Xc nh s lng chng ng:
Ti trng tc dng ln gng: qtt = 1.495 0.8 = 1.193 (T/m2), qtc
= 0.997 (T/m2).
Gng thp t hp L c neo gi bng dy thp. D tnh
khong cch neo l 1.8m. S tnh gng l dm lin tc ta ln
cc cht gng v dy thp neo.
q =1.93t /m

1800 1800 1800 1800

0.625t m
Hnh

Kim tra bn:

M = thp W = 1800 46.5 10-6 = 0.837 (T.m).

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 Mmax = ql2/10 = 1.196 2.52 /10 = 0.7475 (T.m) < M => tho
mn.
Kim tra bin dng:
vng cho php: f = l/400 = 1.8 / 400 = 47.5 10-4 (m).
5 ql 4 5 0.997 1.8 4
f max 17,9 10 4 (m) < f => tho
384 EJ 384 2.1 10 7 279 10 8
mn.
7. Thi cng lp dng vn khun mng:
- T hp cc tm vn khun kim loi li, dng lin kt l cht U v
L c nh cc tm vn khun li vi nhau.
- Tin hnh lp cc tm ny theo hnh dng kt cu mng, ti
cc v tr gc dng nhng tm gc trong.

Hnh
4.41

- Tin hnh lp cc thanh chng kim loi cng cc sn vn.

thun tin cho qu trnh lp ghp vn khun mng, ta ghp
trc thnh cc tm ln v dng cn cu cu xung h mng. i vi
vn khun i mng c th kt thnh cc mng a xung.
8. Thit k h thng sn cng tc phc v thi cng btng:

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 Di y h mng dng cc nga g lm h . Cc tm vn c k
ln cc nga g lm sn cng tc. Ngi cng nhn s ng trn
cc tm vn v m btng, trnh khng dm, p ln
vn khun lm sai lch kch thc mng.
9. Bin php v m btng mng:
9.1. La chn b tng cho cng trnh:
Hin nay, b tng thng phm ph bin vit nam v nht l
i vi cc thnh ph ln. Btng thng phm c nhiu u im
trong khu bo m cht lng v thi cng thun li. Btng thng
phm kt hp vi my bm btng l mt t hp rt hiu qu.
i vi cng trnh ny, vi khi lng b tng ln (2702m3), s dng
b tng thng phm l ti u nht. Khng nhng thun tin trong
vic vn chuyn, kho bi v ch to m cn m bo cht lng,
y nhanh tin thi cng, s dng c c gii ho.
a. Chn loi xe ch btng thng phm:
M hiu SB-92B c cc thng s k thut nh sau:
cao
Tc T.gian Trng
D.tch t D.tch C.sut lng
quay
thng thng n- ng phi
thng btng btng
trn c s c c liu
trn ra ra
vo
(m3) (m3) (W) (v/pht) (cm) (mm/ph (tn)
t)
KamA
6 Z 0,75 40 9-14,5 3,62 10 21,85
-5511

Kch thc gii hn: - Di 7,38 m

- Rng 2,5 m
- Cao 3,4 m
Tnh ton s xe trn cn thit btng:
Qmax L
p dng cng thc: n= ( T)
V S
Trong :
N - S xe vn chuyn.
V - Th tch btng mi xe: V = 5m3
L - on ng vn chuyn: L = 6 km
S - Tc xe: S = 20 25 km/h
T - Thi gian gin on: T = 10 s

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 Q - Nng sut my bm: Q = 90 m3/h.
90 6 10
n= ( ) = 5 xe
5 25 60
Chn 5 xe phc v cng tc btng.
S chuyn xe cn thit btng mng l: n = 2402/5 =
481 (chuyn).
Mi xe phi ch 96 chuyn. Do on ng vn chuyn 6km nn
tnh trung bnh mi ca mt xe i c khong 8 chuyn. Vy chn
12 ca thi cng mng.
b. Chn my bm btng:
Chn my bm btng Putzmeister M43 vi cc thng s k
thut:
Cao Ngang Su Di (xp li)
(m) (m) (m) (m)
42,1 38,6 29,2 10,7
Thng s k thut bm:
Lu lng p sut Chiu di ng knh xy
(m3/h) baR xi lanh lanh (mm)
(mm)
90 105 1400 200
u im ca vic thi cng btng bng my bm: Vi khi lng
ln, thi gian thi cng nhanh, m bo k thut, hn ch c cc
mch ngng, cht lng btng m bo.
c. Chn my m btng:
- Ta chn loi m di: Loi dm s dng U21-75 c cc thng s
k thut:
+ Thi gian m btng: 30 sec
+ Bn knh tc dng: 25 35 cm
+ Chiu su lp m: 20 40cm
+ Nng sut m: 20m2/h (hoc 6m2/h)
- m mt: loi dm U 7
+ Thi gian m: 50s
+ Bn knh tc dng 20-30cm
+ Chiu su lp m: 10-30 cm
+ Nng sut m: 25m2/h (5-7m3/h)
9.2. B tr dy chuyn v m btng mng:
a. Cng tc chun b:
- Nghim thu vn khun, ct thp trc khi btng.
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 - Nht sch rc, bi bn trong vn khun.
- Ti du chng dnh ln vn khun.
- Kim tra st ca btng, c mu ti hin trng th
nghim.
b. v m btng mng:
- Btng thng phm c chuyn n bng t chuyn dng,
thng qua my v phu a vo xe bm chuyn dng.
- Btng c xe bm vo v tr ca kt cu.
- Khi c lp btng dy khong 30cm s dng m di
m btng.
Cc yu cu khi bm btng:
- My bm phi bm lin tc. Nu phi ngng th sau 10 pht li
phi bm tip trnh btng lm tc ng.
- Nu my bm phi ngng trn 2 gi th phi thng ng bng
nc. Khng nn ngng trong thi gian qu lu. Khi bm xong
phi dng nc bm ra sch.
Cc yu cu khi btng:
Btng mng ca cng trnh l khi ln nn khi thi cng phi
m bo cc yu cu:
- Chia kt cu thnh nhiu khi theo chiu cao.
- Btng cn c lin tc thnh nhiu lp c chiu dy bng
nhau ph hp vi c trng ca my m s dng theo 1 phng
nht nh cho tt c cc lp.
Cc yu cu khi m btng:
- m lun phi vung gc vi mt btng
- Khi m lp btng th m phi cm vo lp btng bn di
( trc) t nht 10cm.
- Thi gian m ti thiu t 15 60s. Khng nn m qu lu
ti mt ch trnh hin tng phn tng.
- m xong mt s v tr, di chuyn sang v tr khc phi nh
nhng, rt ln v tra xung phi t t trnh cho chy chm vo ct
thp dn ti rung ct thp pha su lm btng ninh kt b ph
hng.
- Khong cch gia 2 v tr m l 1,5 r0 = 50cm
- Khong cch t v tr m n vn khun l: l1 > 2d
(d, r0: ng knh v bn knh nh hng ca m di)
c. Bo dng btng mng:
Sau khi btng mng v ging i c v m xong ta
phi tin hnh bo dng cho btng nh sau:

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 - Cn che chn cho btng i mng khng b nh hng ca
mi trng.
- Trn mt btng sau khi xong cn ph 1 lp gi m nh
bo ti, mn ca...
- Thi gian gi m cho btng i: 7 ngy.
Ln u tin ti nc cho btng l sau 4h khi xong btng.
Hai ngy u, c sau 2h ng h ti nc mt ln. Nhng ngy sau
c 3-10h ti nc 1 ln.
Khi bo dng ch : Khi btng khng cng , trnh va chm
vo b mt btng. Vic bo dng btng tt s m bo cho cht
lng btng ng nh mc thit k.
d. Tho d vn khun mng:
- Vi btng mng l khi ln, m bo yu cu k thut th
sau 7 ngy mi c php tho d vn khun.
- bm dnh ca btng v vn khun tng theo thi gian do
vy sau 7 ngy th vic tho d vn khun c gp kh khn (i vi
mng bnh thng th sau 1-3 ngy l c th tho d vn khun -
c ri). Bi vy khi thi cng lp dng vn khun cn ch s dng
cht du chng dnh cho vn khun.
10. Thi cng lp t h mng:
10.1. Yu cu k thut i vi cng tc lp t:
- Sau khi btng i v ging mng ti ct y lp b tng lt
sn tng hm c thi cng xong th tin hnh lp t bng
th cng. Khng c dng my bi s vng vo trn mt bng gy
tr ngi cho my. Mt khc my c th va p vo phn ct
ti ct mt nn.
- Khi thi cng p t phi m bo t nn c m trong
phm vi khng ch. Nu t kh th ti thm nc; t qu t th
phi c bin php gim m, t nn c m cht, m
bo theo thit k.
- Vi t p h mng, nu s dng t o phi m bo
cht lng khng c phn cc hu c.
- t v san u thnh tng lp. Tri ti u th m ngay
ti , khng nn ri lp t m qu mng nh vy s lm ph hu
cu trc t. Trong mi lp p khng nn s dng nhiu loi t.
- Nn lp t u nhau thnh tng lp. Khng nn lp t mt
pha s gy ra lc p i vi kt cu.
10.2. Tnh ton khi lng t p:
p dng cng thc: V = (Vh - Vc) k0
Trong :

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 Vh: Th tch hnh hc h o (hay l V ), tnh t ct
12,1m.
Vh = 6032,12,5 = 4815 m3
Vc: Th tch hnh hc ca cng trnh chn trong mng
(hay l Vbt)
Vc = 2073,26 m3.
k0: H s ti ca t; k0=1,2.
V = (4815 - 2073,26)1,2 = 3290 m3
10.3. Thi cng p t:
- S dng nhn cng v nhng dng c th cng v, p.
- Ly tng lp t xung, m cht lp ny ri mi tin hnh lp
lp t khc.
- Cc yu cu k thut phi tun theo nh trnh by.

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