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Bab I - Bab Iv
Bab I - Bab Iv
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of study
(in a straight line) between the sun and moon. Thus, it made months
some people believe that a lunar eclipse occurs because of death or birth
someone great. The Prophet Muhammad SAW denied it. He told that death
and life a person at all not effect in the occure moon eclipse.
The eclipse is a sign of the greatness of God used to scare off human so
that they would be afraid to immoral to God and Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Basically humans are also afraid of something that can be dengerous them. If
on events of an eclipse was not there is anything that harms them. So that, the
For that, the Prophet Muhammad ordered them to do something that can
deprive of fear, such as sholat, pray, forgivenees, give alms, and freed
bondsmen, until their fear was lost. Prophet Muhammad did eclipse prayer so
long with Moslems. Thus, indirectly the incident was a warning for human to
always near to Allah SWT and lean to him, particularly in various events what
make them afraid. Based on the description above and to know a deeper
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2
FIQIH.
Based on the title of this paper the writer needs to make the formulation of
2. How are the fiqih rules when the month eclipse is occuring?
The purpose of discussion that wants to be reached by the writer, there are:
This paper is composed of library research. The writer reads some books
that have connection with the title and gather the materials to be a conclusion
The writer uses reading methods of librarian books that has related with
this topic, and also the writer uses internet service to complete the topics
explanation.
For finishing this paper, the writer used methods of analyzing data,
namely:
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
astronomy view, fiqih rules when the month eclipse is occuring, and
CHAPTER IV : CLOSING
CHAPTER II
THEORICAL BACKGROUND
A. Definition of Eclipse
The eclipse in Arabic is known with kusuf or khusuf. Kusuf is better known
to call a solar eclipse, while khusuf to call a lunar eclipse. Kusuf means cover.
This illustrates the natural phenomenon that is seen from earth the moon
cover of the sun, so there is a solar eclipse. While khusuf means entering, it
describes the natural phenomenon those months of entering the shadow of the
B. Kinds of Eclipse
the moon and the sun are at one point a knot or nearby. A solar eclipse can
occur two to five times in a year. But who can watch it is just a few places
surface of earth. Based on the sun disk that is covered by the moon at the
position of the month with the earth in the near distance, so the conical
shadow (the umbra) months is being long and can touch the earth
A ring solar eclipse or halqiy occur when the position of the month
with the earth in the long distance, so the conical shadow (the umbra)
months is being short and cant touch the earth surface, as well as
earth- moon- sun in a straight line. When in that situation the month
diameter smaller than the sun diameter. So there is a part of the sun
month with the earth in the near distance, so the conical shadow (the
umbra) months is being long and can touch the earth surface. But
month is at one point knot others or nearby, while the sun is in the
longitudinal distance astronomy 1800 of the month. The moon eclipse can
occur twice or three times a year and can be seen by the entire human who
face to the month. And sometimes did not happen a moon in a year. With
regard to record months that entering the shadow nucleus of the earth, so
there are two kinds of the moon eclipse, a total lunar eclipse and a partly
lunar eclipse.
moon- sun are not a straight line, so only partly record of month enter in
Meaning: The solar eclipse and the moon happened not caused by life or
death people. The two eclipses are a sign of the God greatness. If you
Meaning: The solar eclipse and the moon happened not caused by life
or death person, except all of them are sign of the greatness of God. He
will make His slaves afraid of the two eclipses. If you found the eclipse, so
dzikir to remember God until the shine of the sun or the month visible
again.
Aisyah ra said:
Meaning: When you see it (eclipse), so pray to God, takbir, sholat, and
give alms.
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CHAPTER III
which do not a sector with ecliptic. The ecliptic is a field the earth
The months around the earth with the tracks shaped ellips and the earth
located in one of the ellips fire point, so that in month there are part farthest
and nearest to the earth. The farthest is called apogea and the nearest is called
perigea.
The months circumference and the ecliptic form an angle of 50, an ally
line between two sectors are called knot. A knot line is also not constant in
one position, but double rotation with 19 periode. If sometime the sun located
at the nodes, the sun will be come back in next half years at the nodes.
The lunar eclipse happens when a part or whole of cross section months
enclosed by the shadow of the earth. If occurs when the earth between the sun
and the moon in a same straight line, so the sun radiance is unable to reach
With this explanation, the lunar eclipse arise if the months opposition at
50. So not every opposition of months with the sun will affect the lunar
eclipse. Intersection sector of the orbit month with sector of the ecliptic will
arise two point pieces which is called node, it is a point where the moon cut
the sector of the ecliptic. The lunar eclipse will happen when the moon
opposition the nodes. The months need 29, 53 days to move from one point
People of Arab ignorance believe that the eclipse occurred because death
or birth of a great person. The Prophet Muhammad SAW denied it. He told
the death and life people did not affect the eclipse. As his hadis:
Meaning: The solar eclipse and the moon are two sign of the greatness of
God. The two happened were not caused life or death person. If you found the
The eclipse is the creation of Allah so that they would be afraid. Hence,
the Prophet Muhammad SAW ordered them to do something that can deprive
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of fear, such as sholat, pray, forgiveness, give alms, and freed bondsmen,
muakad. Imam An- Nawawi said, Ulama agreed that the law of eclipse
is sunah muakad. Because, the Prophet Muhammad SAW did it and also
telling him. As- Sadi said, Some ulama argued that the eclipse prayer is
wajib. Because, the Prophet Muhammad SAW did it and also telling him.
Ibnu Al- Qayyim ra in the As-Shalah book argued that the eclipse
prayer is wajib. This is strong opinion. The opinion of Ibnu Al- Qoyyim ra
is right. Because, the Prophet Muhammad SAW has ordered the prayer
and came out by a feeling of fear. Then speech with a great speech. At that
general
4. After that ruku by recite the incantation ruku as usual, then Itidal by
reading
After that recite Al- Fatihah then ruku once again then Itidal and then
sujud twice. This is in one rakaat. Do one rakaat again for perfect into
two rakaats. So, this eclipse prayer is consisting of two rakaats with
four ruku, four standing recite Al- Fatihah, and four sujud
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Mean: Months has also lost its right, then the sun and the moon are
5. Always glorified power of God as created the universe and its content.
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CHAPTER IV
CLOSING
A. Conclusion
Based the data that has been collected could be conclused as follows:
will get closer to God. As shalat, pray, forgiveness, give alms, and
freed bondsmen.
always glorified power of God as created the universe and its content,
from flax and forget, and warning for us not do treason and always
B. Suggestion
3. By knowing the advantages, may writers and readers can take the
positive of side
C. Closing
Alhamdulillah all praises presented to Allah SWT who gave mercy, help,
and guidance, so the writer had finished this paper although this paper is so far
from perfection. So that, the writer hopes critics and suggestion for this paper
The writer hopes, this paper may give advantages, for the reader and
especially for writer in order to apply her knowledge to be useful for herself in
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Khazin, Muhyidin. 2011. Ilmu Falaq Dalam Teori dan Praktik. Yogyakarta:
Buana Pustaka.
http://www.referensimuslim.com/2011/06/hikmah-dibalik-peristiwa-gerhana.html.