Journey of Sustainibility PDF

The journey of sustainability-the Indian
vernacular and beyond
By
Swati Chokshi, M. Arch (by research)
M. Arch (Project Management in Construction)
Academy of Architecture, Associate Professor
swati.chokshi@gmail.com
24th August 2013
Green Building Workshop, NME-ICT,
IIT Bombay
Introduction
o Definition
As we all understand, sustainability is about being able to

continue with the current ways of doing things, consumption
patterns, and lifestyle etc. without compromising on similar
future needs.
However, sustainability is not really an original idea; its like old
wine in a new bottle.
Along the journey in time, established ideas have got diluted or
lost somewhere. Moreover through the changing eras, a lot of
new issues have been thrown up and it is necessary to respond
to those as well. The major impact is that of depleting resources
as against the increasing needs and the consequent ecological
footprint that is getting threateningly large and completely
unmanageable.
That is why we have to embark on this active agenda of pushing
sustainable practices.
SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

24/8/2013 1
Introduction
o Approaches
Sustainability could have two basic approaches

o naturalistic or the passive or
o the active or artificial.
The latter is energy driven; and can be seen largely as what could
be termed as second level or sometimes even as remedial
measures. Whereas the earlier one, is simply smart design,
planning and detailing; more importantly, done at the right stage.

24/8/2013 2
Introduction
o The Indian context:
As Indians, we have a sustainable outlook towards life in
general; we have been living sustainable lives since
generations. This bank of wisdom is our legacy today and
the onus is on us to see how it can be taken forward.
This outlook has embraced all walks of life, be it
alternative medicine, social sustainability or sustainability
of the built environment.
o Rich and diverse vernacular traditions: Source: conserveindia.org
Our rich vernacular tradition actually starts from the

natural settings of the site/city, and responds to
metaphysical concerns, climate, local skills/materials and
appropriate technology.
More importantly, it is a passive approach and thus less
Source: Zazzle.ca
energy intensive; these are proven technologies and often
scalable.
24/8/2013 3
The vernacular is it sustainable ?
o Vernacular architecture-what it is?

The vernacular architecture could be understood as the building
traditions which have been developed by people over generations and
often built by themselves.
These are tried and tested practices which have actually sustained the
ravages of time; they have been handed down through generations. They
rely on passive measures, by and large and respond to the context.
Basically, it is architecture without architects.
The basis of vernacular is that it responds to several contextual aspects :
Climate, Place, Culture, Materials, Local skills and also
Maintenance, Durability and Metaphysical aspects
The premise is that the vernacular tradition was extremely
sustainable in every sense of the word let us see how through
some examples
SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH, 4
24/8/2013
Metaphysical aspects
o Metaphysical aspects: Vaastu shashtra
The Vaastu shashtra is the ancient Indian treatise that
sets forth principles on how the laws of nature impact
human settlements.
The mandala was regarded as the representation of the
cosmos and the house was also considered sacred. If its
planning was in sync with the forces of nature it would
Vaastu Purusha Mandala
Source:http://www.archinomy.com/ca result in overall harmony and prosperity.
se-studies/1906/jaipur-evolution-of-
an-indian-city The mandala is the graphical diagram on the basis of
which the houses and even cities were planned.
o The Vaastu Purusha Mandala
It represents the metaphysical plan of a building; it incorporates the
supernatural forces. The central space is always an open to sky courtyard
providing the connect to outer space. Various deities/5 elements (air, water,
earth etc.) govern different squares of the mandala and impart their
characteristics to these spaces.
24/8/2013 5
Metaphysical aspects
o Planning cities using the
mandala:
The idea of planning based on
the mandala was even
extended to city planning. The
city of Jaipur is also based
Source: http://www.vastu-design.com/seminar/14a.php
upon a 9 squares mandala.
o Mandala zones: It was planned in the 1700s
Functions are assigned to different However it encompassed the
spaces: natural features, topography
Corners: Northeast for the home shrine, as well as other functional
southeast for the kitchen, southwest for aspects like military needs,
the master bedroom and northwest for existing infrastructure etc. and
the cowshed, grain storage. modified the grid to respond
The spaces lying between the corners to the topography.
are for multi purpose use.
24/8/2013 6
Planning: Jaipur, India
The stepwise progression of the
planning is obvious
The central axes was laid out
between the existing major entries
on the east and west gates
This was crossed by 2 vertical roads
dividing the city into 9 squares and
further subdivided to form a
hierarchy of road networks.
The northwest square touched the
ranges which formed part of the
natural defense and hence was
dropped .
Instead a square was extended out
towards the south east.
Source: http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/1906/jaipur-evolution-
of-an-indian-city

24/8/2013 7
Planning climatically responsive cities-Gujarat
The highlight here is the morphology
of these cities which are tightly
packed and climatically responsive to
the hot dry climate
Source: Footprints e.a.r.t.h . research,

Yatin Pandya
The buildings have common walls (like row
houses); they are generally ground plus
two/three structures approached by narrow
streets.
This ensures shade and coolness on the streets
as well as minimal exposure to the hot and dry
climate.
The courtyard is a climatic device that gets in
light and ventilation as the building depth gets
too deep.
24/8/2013 8
Examples: Vernacular architecture
What is evident in
the examples is the
seamless blend
between the use of
locally available
materials and skills Source: Paper by Remigius de souza, 1993
picked by the
residents in building o The Warli home(a tribe in Maharashtra)
and maintaining It is built by the local residents; with karvi
their own homes walls using local materials i.e mud plaster on a
Local materials are framework of branches.
manipulated to suit It is climate responsive; it has a light external
their lifestyle and envelope which loses heat quickly and allows air
climate without movement, in this hot and humid climate.
impacting the This is a live tradition in Maharashtra.
environment.
24/8/2013 9
Examples: Vernacular architecture,
Rajasthan
The traditional shelter is called a
bhoonga
Bhoonga: Source; Footprints, e.a.r.t.h.,
It can even withstand earthquakes Yatin Pandya
The circular form ensures minimum

exposure to the external elements which
are extreme; a hot and dry desert climate.
They are all built around open courtyard
like spaces forming clusters
Smaller openings control entry of light,
heat and winds
The building materials are mud for the
walls and thatch for the roof.
The interiors are beautifully embellished
with local mirror work patterns.
24/8/2013 10
Examples: Vernacular architecture, Kerala
o The Padmanabhapuram palace:
This is representative of the local architectural style in
Kerala in its more lavish avataar.
It is well suited to the climate with multiple
courtyards to allow air movement across the complex.
It is designed and built to be durable as well
as maintenance-free. The floors are gleaming black
even after a period of about 400 years or more.. It is
said that the flooring was done using a mixture of
different materials like burnt coconut shells, egg
whites, plant juices etc.
Source:http://arkistudentscor It is obvious how the
ner.blogspot.in/2012/01/pad
manabhapuram-palace.html glare has been cut
through meticulous
fenestration detailing.

24/8/2013 11
Examples: Vernacular architecture, Goa
Chapel of St Catherine,
Goa from the 16 century
originally, rebuilt in 1952
Laterite structures in Goa and around
These modest structures are usually plastered
in lime or a mix of lime and earth or even left source:http://www.virtualtourist.com/tra
vel/Asia/India/Goa-
unplastered with huge sloping roof overhangs 1098247/Things_To_Do-Goa-
Chapel_of_Saint_Catherine-BR-1.html
They generally have sloping roofs to combat
the rain and the strong sun.
When the house gets dilapidated it literally
crumbles down to earth and brings the building
materials back to their organic and natural
state, completing the loop
The wood used is often the local jackfruit wood
Source:http://goanarchitecture.blogspot.in/2007/11/stone-and-earth.html
A modest Goan home in laterite; plastered with earth
24/8/2013 12
Resources-water
Water is a scarce resource; so there are two
major strategies:
Water harvesting as well as recycling.
Even the rock cut architecture built decades
ago took these issues into consideration.
The Kanheri caves, (Mumbai) which were built
as religious retreats for the Buddhist monks,
also show the presence of channels cut across
the external rock cut faces to carry down water
into underground storage tanks.
More recent and relevant example is that of the
underground tanks (Tanka) in most of the
traditional houses of Gujrat. These have a cover
and can supply clean potable water for a
midsized family for a year; that is a huge
advantage in a hot and dry zone. Water is Tanka in Gujrat homes
collected through a copper pipe and stored in
the stone or lime tank (about 15 by 15 ft and 25 Source: Debashish Nayak, Indian heritage
ft deep.) cities network conference, 2008

24/8/2013 13
Resources-water
Water is drawn by a rope and bucket; the
opening is lifted up by 2 ft and is the only
visible part of the tank. Its a decorative
element and covered with an iron lid.
Recycling was a practice from the past in
water starved areas; e.g water used for
cooking in washing vegetables etc. was
used to wash the courtyard and then to
clean the toilets and so on.
lid
Source: Debashish Nayak, Indian heritage
cities network conference, 2008

24/8/2013 14
Energy and its aspects: light and ventilation
Indians are very energy conscious out of choice; a case in
point is that to date most people use the solar heat and
/or air movement to dry clothes instead of energy guzzling
devices.
Source: azprintables.com
Most vernacular buildings are well lit and
ventilated/climate responsive as to avoid or
minimize the use of artificial devices.
Passive micro climatic manipulation: There was
always the use of microclimatic control by making use of
water bodies or fountains etc in climatic devices like
courtyards to modify adverse climatic impacts of hot and
dry climate or the use of thick walls to introduce time lags
in the fluctuating diurnal cycle.
Light: It is such an important aspect of architecture both
in terms of quantity which has a bearing on energy usage Source: istockpohto.com
as well as in terms of its qualitative aspects like glare etc.

24/8/2013 15
Energy and its aspects: light and ventilation
Most of our buildings had grills etc and
fenestration/faade engineering done to control and
manipulate light by means of devices like jalis or double
windows with wooden louvres etc.
A lot of religious buildings like temples and masjids also
used similar strategies to control light and air movement .
Water: More lavish buildings like palaces and forts made
ingenious use of water to cool the building envelope; the Source: en.wikipedia.org
walls would have water pipes embedded inside to cool
down the masonry walls; the water was cooled naturally
by making it run over surfaces and exposing it to the
atmosphere.
Ventilation: Wind scoops also allowed the entry of
breeze into the hot desert zones; micro climatic
modifications include the introduction of dripping water Source: istockpohto.com
by installing a pot at the top of the scoop.

24/8/2013 16
Other aspects of sustainability-project
management perspective
Sustainability has aspects apart from the obvious ones; some of them are:
o Life cycle aspect: Choice of a construction method that is lean along
with lean organizations to manage the entire project.
Building durable structures which are maintenance free is another way of
looking at sustainability. The building would then pay off its higher capital
expenditure by having minimal operating expenses.
Materials that are seemingly high cost and more energy and resource
intensive in their manufacturing etc can be used to generate more benefits
over their entire lifestyle as well as disposal and recycling potentials. This is
the lifecycle approach where the project is looked at from the point of view
of its entire life from inception, construction phase, operations all the way
unto disposal.
o Value engineering: The idea is to obtain best value by evaluating various
options without really increasing the costs; they are to be optimized.
o Detailing/Technology: If this is done sensitively using devices like jalis,
(trellises) fountains, water to cool building fabrics etc can add more
sustainable measures at a micro scale. Technology could be both; high on
energy (and then optimized) or even passive justified by the demands of
the context.
24/8/2013
Courtyard architecture
o Courtyard architecture: The courtyard home was
the prevailing Indian planning model before the advent
of western ones. It was very versatile; as a climatic
device, as a outdoor cooking/dining, sleeping/living
area and for festivities etc.
It was adaptable to any climate across Indian Source: Footprints e.a.r.t.h
Yatin Pandya
cultures and geographies. That explains its survival.
o Proportions: A hot humid zone should
have courtyards with more length and
breadth compared to height where the
basic climatic strategy is to cut out heat
and provide air movement A hot dry
climate needs more height to provide
shade. It allows cool air to settle down in
the summer and allow outdoor living in the
sunnier parts of the courtyard in winters.
24/8/2013 18
Learnings.
o Learnings from the vernacular that can be used in contemporary
architecture
Make use of passive measures: Use planning devices like courtyards,
suitable orientation, envelope design and appropriate detail elements like
jalis, water bodies with responsive roof and fenestration design.
Make use of local materials without major modifications in their naturally
occurring organic states to complete the loop along with the use of local
crafts and skills.
Build to create structures that are largely durable and maintenance free.
Ensure resource optimization: Go for water harvesting and recycling, energy
optimization by ensuring good daylight and ventilation,(using natural
currents, with windscoops, solar chimneys etc) space cooling/heating (using
passive measures like geothermal energy or earth sheltered buildings)
Limitations : This architecture cannot be replicated the way it was built by
our ancestors for the current populations numbers nor for the urban high
rise typology. However, its strength is that, it is adaptable to
change; that probably explains how it has survived to date.
24/8/2013 19
Major issues which have come up
in the last couple of decades Source: www.un.org
Can the vernacular serve
contemporary needs ? Major
changes of the last few
decades:
Population growth has been
phenomenal; that has placed
great strain on the finite
Urbanization is the next biggest thing
resources, especially water
today; the trend predicts more
and clean air. The ecological
urbanization. The delivery is for bigger
footprint has increased;
numbers concentrated in tight, near
putting the carrying capacity
parasitic land pockets.
under great pressure. So we
Consumption: People aspire for a lifestyle
cant build and consume the
like the developed world. Energy
way we used to. It will
demands to run appliances/equipment in
become 8-11 billion by 2050
buildings is now huge and increasing.
based on fertility rates.
24/8/2013 20
Major issues which have come up in
the last couple of decades
New materials, technologies and
building systems continue to be
invented; these are marketed very
aggressively and also have potential.
And, last but not the least,
Globalization now allows access to
almost anything, anywhere across
the globe; there is ease of
transportation as well. So people can
now buy materials from any place Urbanization projections
and transport them anywhere.
Climate change: This is the result of
these activities
So clearly, the future focus will be on cities and their changing

morphology. It is now going to be a dense high rise development. (a
relative term). Smaller towns may also give up the single plot/single
occupant model and move onto 4-7 storey developments.
24/8/2013 21
Applications of basic leanings or conceptual
ideas of vernacular architecture
Although the focus is on urban development; other regions also need

suitable strategies
Applications of these learnings can be done in the following areas:

Skyscrapers
Cities-scale of operations is different than that of buildings
Typologies apart from residential/commercial and mixed use
Infrastructure

24/8/2013 22
Contemporary sustainable buildings
The Golconde, Pondicherry: It is the

first sustainable rcc building in modern
India and perhaps the earliest one in the
world as well.(1945)
It is planned on vernacular traditions like
climate sensitivity and radical economy by
minimal resource consumption and
uncompromising construction standards
to get a durable, maintenance free
building. Corridor: Source: The Introduction of Modernism in
India, Pankaj Vir Gupta
Passive strategies:
The building allows air flow across the north south long facades; through the
louvred external wall and the screened internal wall partitions of the
residential quarters and out through its windows.
The east and west have minimal exposure minimizing the solar gain
24/8/2013 23
Integration with the landscape elements
and a building envelope that catches and
also controls the light and winds.
It is a dormitory for the ashram for the
Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry. It was
built by the residents themselves
It was the first cast in situ poured concrete
building in India. Its environmental agenda is
obvious in its architectural vocabulary.
It has a protective skin of manually operable
louvres.
The roof system comprises concrete tiles
with an insulating cavity between the Louvred faade
concrete deck and the semi circular tiles. Source: The Introduction of
It has woven teak-wood sliding doors that Modernism in India, Pankaj
permit the passage of breeze without Vir Gupta
compromising visual privacy, and a system of
pools and gardens that cool the ambient air.
24/8/2013 24
Contemporary structures taking off from the vernacular
tradition using elements that work
Source: http://www.betterinteriors.in/wp-
content/uploads/2013/06/01-IMG_1840-01.jpg
A contemporary courtyard
home in Thrissur-the
interior courtyard Modern interpretations of the
Source:http://purj.in/s/Time-Travellercontrolcom.html courtyard
Source: Understanding courtyard design, Smriti Saraswat

24/8/2013 25
Skyscrapers: The Pearl River Tower, China by SOM
Most sustainable skyscrapers follow some of the following strategies:
o The trend today is to produce net zero energy structures
o Energy: Light and heating, ventilation and air conditioning take up huge energy
for residential as well as commercial structures. Hence, the focus is on reducing
energy demand and using renewables; typically wind turbines because wind is
a significant force for these tall structures but it also offers an opportunity; the
other source is BIPV(building integrated photovoltaic)
Light: Use of appropriate glass is now possible; they allow natural daylight(to
penetrate the building) while controlling solar gain, and minimize the need for
artificial lighting while reducing heating loads. These glass facades or roofs often
integrate the BIPV and create energy simultaneously.
o Water: It is recycled and harvested
o Construction management and methodologies: Most buildings make use of
materials that are durable and need minimal maintenance adopting a lifecycle
approach and also advocate recycled content wherever possible (e.g. aluminum,
local timber etc.) Energy efficient appliances are used.
The Pearl River Tower is one such building which uses most of these strategies
24/8/2013
Skyscrapers: The Pearl River Tower, China
The towers unique shape was derived
from the behaviour of the natural
elements at the buildings site. The
buildings form was optimized to local
solar and wind patterns, harnessing the
energy of these resources and utilizing this
natural power to sustain the building.
Wind used to generate energy

Source: forum.skyscraperpage
BIPV at roof
Source:rtho179.blog
Wind is funnelled down the vertical face of the

tower toward a series of turbines; photovoltaic
panels in the buildings skin absorb and retain
solar energy.
Space heating/cooling was achieved by using Source: skyscrapercit.com
water for radiant heating ceiling integrated.

24/8/2013
Imperial towers, Source: http://www.archdaily.com/369617/adrian-
Mumbai(proposed)
smith-and-gordon-gill-architecture-unveils-proposal-
for-mumbai-s-tallest-tower/
This is a competition-winning prototype which will

probably become the tallest skyscraper in Mumbai
Standing 400-meters about the crowded city
streets, the 116-story Imperial Towers curvilinear
form is aerodynamically shaped to confuse the
wind. Its 132 residential units are punctuated by
north and south facing sky gardens, which break
up wind currents around the tower and provide
unprecedented access to natural light and views
of the Arabian sea.
The towers highly sustainable, metallic skin
blocks heat gain and diffuses direct sunlight in the
hot and humid climate of Mumbai.
Further sustainable measures will be used on grey water and rainfall
collection, highly efficient mechanical systems, a green-wall podium and
the use of native vegetation.
24/8/2013
Masdar city, Abu Dhabi, Major concepts
This a Zero energy, Zero carbon and fossil fuel free city by
Sir Norman Foster in Abu Dhabi; it was started in 2008 and
will be completed in 2015 to 2015.It aims at having the
highest quality of life with lowest environmental impact.
Its planning draws on traditional Arabian cities, aims to Source:Unbiasedwriter.com
reduce energy demand, uses water bodies for evaporative
cooling and orientation to derive shade along with gardens
It will have driverless electric vehicles for private transport
in underground subways along with a ground level LRT
(light rail transit) and a subterranean high speed metro Pedestrian streets
(the maximum distance from any point to public transport Futurewewant .org
is 250m)
It aims to reduce demand for water and electricity using
smart devices and monitoring and will also recycle all
waste. Electricity will be derived from waste and
renewables like geothermal and solar energy. Master
plan:source:Knowledge.allianz.com
24/8/2013
Tjibaou Cultural Centre, New Caledonia-1990-98
Founded in memory of an assasinated
leader in 1989, the Jean-Marie Tjibaou
Cultural Centre draws on local building
traditions and expertise, mixing the
Source:http://www.rpbw.com/project/41/jean-marie-tjibaou-
cultural-center
ancient and the modern.
The functionality of New It is located in the Pacific Ocean to the
Caledonian huts were east of Australia; the climate is tropical,
reproduced and adapted, the population comprises the Kanak
architecturally as well as socially. population. The design takes inspiration
The ten huts, of three different from local building methods and
sizes, from 20 to 28 metres materials, (Iroko local wood which need
height, are interconnected by a no maintenance )and works with certain
footpath. They serve functions natural elements, such as the winds on
like exhibition spaces, research this exposed site, light and existing
areas, a conference, a library, vegetation.
and dance studios.
24/8/2013 30
http://www.fondazionerenzopiano.org/
project/85/jean-marie-tjibaou-cultural-
Flickr:Renzo Piano center/genesis/
Tjibaou cultural centre
The design of the huts encourages an ingenious process called the

Venturi effect, to harness the prevailing sea winds for natural
ventilation. The space between the two layers of slatted wooden facade
works like a convection chimney.
Towards the bottom of this facade, wide spaces between the slats allow
wind to pass into and through the hut horizontally. This air movement
pushes warm air inside the building up into the gap between the facades,
from where it is drawn up the chimney and then is taken out.
The wooden facades also have adjustable louvers to respond to changes
24/8/2013 31
Torrent laboratories, Ahmedabad
This building uses a technology called Pdec-passive
down draft evaporative cooling
It is a research lab used for the pharma industry
requiring the cleanest atmosphere; however it emits
obnoxious gases.
This appears to be a contemporary adaptation of
vernacular techniques .
It is located in the hot dry zones. The fine water
spray at the entry point of the inlet towers cools the
air entering in. The outlet towers are located on
both sides of the external walls at regular intervals.
This arrangement helps to cool down the internal
spaces using minimal amount of mechanical aids like
fans and pumps.
This reduces the internal temperature and hence
Source: Footprints e.a.r.t.h,
the energy demands for space cooling. Yatin Pandya
24/8/2013
Infrastructure: Gotthard tunnels under
the Swiss Alps
It is a rail tunnel that will form
the lynchpin of a network
between northern and south
eastern Europe that could shift
truck freight onto rail and de-
congest the Alps in central
Switzerland when it opens to
rail traffic in 2017.
source:Speigel.de
The Gotthard Base Tunnel, 57 kms long, runs several

hundred feet under the Swiss Alps and has been one of
the most challenging infrastructure projects in the world.
The engineers had to give a guarantee that the concrete
tunnel lining would last for at least a 100 years. And
The tunnel
would also be more or less maintenance free. Source: nemetschek-all plans.eu

24/8/2013 33
Sustainable aspects
Otherwise this kind of cost and effort in such a difficult
terrain and climate, hundreds of feet under the overload
of the Alps was not justifiable.
This kind of value and durability and maintenance free
lifecycle is another dimension of sustainability.
Situations like this demand the use of high energy
Source:Jens Clasen,
materials and industrialized methods, huge contrafedpublishing.co.nz
mechanization and scales. The project has then to be
seen from a lifecycle aspect and also aim for a lean
method of building, organizing and logistics.
The huge quantities of rock debris derived by the TBM
cutting operations were send to be crushed to create
aggregate for the shotcrete for the tunnel lining and
hence waste was minimized and raw material created
on the site itself.
The water that came into tunnel was contaminated by Tunnel drilling and
the construction operations; it was sent to a filtration debris ,
Source: stickboydaily.com
plant before being released back into the natural
environment. Recycling of water after filtration showed
the sensitiveness to the fragile zones of the Alps
24/8/2013 34
General strategies
Follow passive strategies like orientation, use of water bodies, massing
strategies, building envelope design etc. before adopting active ones.
Adopt a life cycle approach and consider this costing instead of initial
capital expenditure alone.
Go low on energy costs by getting maximum light and ventilation and
use renewable wherever practical
Reduce water consumption, recycle and harvest.
Use local materials or even high energy ones if they add value to get
durable, maintenance free structures and incorporate waste wherever
possible. There is a large potential for use of industrial waste, flyash,
ground granulated blast furnace slag etc.

24/8/2013 35
General strategies
The city: It needs to be compactly planned with good public transport so
that people can work, play and live in more accessible and walk able
settlement models. Transport and buildings contribute significantly to
the green house gas emissions and carbon footprint
Development model in Indian cities: Majority of the projects are being
driven by developers; changing their mindsets that this is really an
opportunity to optimize/add value and also makes economic sense as a
lot of green strategies are actually free(if they are implemented as
design strategies at conceptual stage itself) is the need of the hour.
New tools available: Simulation tools and software at available at the
click of the mouse.
Government: Regulatory support in form of introduction of mandatory
green measures and capacity building would also go a big way in
greening the environment.
These strategies will help us move into the future while

drawing upon the rich legacy of the Vernacular.

24/8/2013 36
Bibiliography
The Introduction of Modernism in India, Pankaj Vir Gupta
Footprints e.a.r.t.h . research, Yatin Pandya
Debashish Nayak, Indian heritage cities network conference, 2008
Understanding courtyard design, Smriti Saraswat
Websites:
www. wikipedia.org
www.rpbw.com
www.un.org
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgLHMN8iUWQ&list=PLEE5B036537BAF276
http://www.vastu-design.com/seminar/14a.php
http://arkistudentscorner.blogspot.in/2012/01/padmanabhapuram-palace.html
http://www.fondazionerenzopiano.org/project/85/jean-marie-tjibaou-cultural-
center/genesis
http://www.theatlanticcities.com/technology/2013/06/how-green-building-
standards-can-actually-change-peoples-behavior/5892/
http://inhabitat.com/worlds-greenest-skyscraper-pearl-river-tower-almost-complete/
http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/guangzhou/pearl-river-tower/
24/8/2013 37
Thank you

Journey of Sustainibility PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Journey of Sustainibility PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The journey of sustainability-the Indian

vernacular and beyond

As we all understand, sustainability is about being able to

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

Sustainability could have two basic approaches

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

Our rich vernacular tradition actually starts from the

o Vernacular architecture-what it is?

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

Source: Footprints e.a.r.t.h . research,

The circular form ensures minimum

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

as well as in terms of its qualitative aspects like glare etc.

by installing a pot at the top of the scoop.

So clearly, the future focus will be on cities and their changing

Although the focus is on urban development; other regions also need

Applications of these learnings can be done in the following areas:

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

The Golconde, Pondicherry: It is the

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

Wind used to generate energy

Wind is funnelled down the vertical face of the

water for radiant heating ceiling integrated.

This is a competition-winning prototype which will

The design of the huts encourages an ingenious process called the

The Gotthard Base Tunnel, 57 kms long, runs several

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

These strategies will help us move into the future while

SWATI CHOKSHI, M. ARCH,

You might also like