TERHAD 55

Jawab semua soalan

Answer all questions

1. (a) Padankan jenis- jenis galaksi berikut dengan betul.

Match the following types of galaxies correctly.

(i)

Galaksi tidak seragam

Irregular galaxy

Galaksi elips

Elliptical galaxy

(ii)

Galaksi pilin

Spiral galaxy

[2 markah/ marks]

(b) Lengkapkan jadual di bawah dengan menulis Benar atau Palsu bagi setiap pernyataan
yang diberi berkaitan fenomena yang berlaku pada permukaan matahari.

Complete the tables below by writing True or False for each of the statement given about the
phenomena occur on the surface of the sun.

Pernyataan Benar / Palsu

Statement True / False

Prominen ialah kawasan gelap pada fotosfera yang lebih sejuk

daripada bahagian di sekitarnya.

Prominence is the dark areas of the photosphere which are cooler

than the surrounding areas.

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Nyalaan suria ialah letusan gas yang membebaskan zarah bercas.

Solar flare is a burst of gas that releases charged particle.

[2 markah/ marks]

2. Rajah 2 menunjukkan pam penyembur racun serangga.

Diagram 2 shows an insecticide spraying pump.

Rajah/ Diagram 2

Gariskan jawapan yang betul bagi pernyataan dibawah

Underline the correct answer for the statement below.

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(a) Apabila omboh di (tolak/ tarik), udara ditolak keluar melalui muncung dengan (cepat/
lambat)

When the piston is (pushed/ pulled), air is pushed out (quickly/ slowly) through the nozzle

(b) Udara yang bergerak dengan cepat menghasilkan tekanan yang (tinggi/ rendah) di
muncung.

The fast moving air creates (low/ high) pressure at the nozzle.

(c) Tekanan udara yang (lebih tinggi/ lebih rendah) dalam tin menolak cecair keluar melalui
tiub yang lebih kecil.

The (higher/ lower) air pressure in the can pushes the liquid out through the smaller tube.

[4 markah/ marks]

3. Tandakan ( / ) pada pernyataan yang betul dan ( X ) pada pernyataan yang salah.

Tick ( / ) the true statements and ( X ) the false statements.

(a) Kulit merupakan organ perkumuhan yang paling besar di dalam badan
kita.

Skin is the biggest excretory organ in our body.

(b) Hasil perkumuhan daripada peparu ialah karbon dioksida, wap air dan
urea.

Excretory products from the lungs are carbon dioxide, water vapour and urea.

(c) Lateks digunakan untuk menghasilkan tayar dan sarung tangan

Latex is used to produce tyres and glove

(d) Resin boleh merawat malaria.

Resin can treat malaria

[4 markah/ marks]

4. Lengkapkan jadual perbezaan antara pepejal, cecair dan gas dibawah.

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Complete the table of difference between solid, liquid and gas below.

Keadaan Pepejal Cecair Gas

State Solid Liquid Gas

Rajah susunan (a)

zarah

Diagram of the
arrangement of
particles

Susunan zarah Padat dan teratur Berkedudukan jauh (b)

rapat
Particle Positioned far apart
arrangement Packed and orderly
close

Pergerakan zarah (c) Bergerak bebas dan Bergerak bebas dan

bergelongsor antara cepat secara rawak
Particle movement satu sama lain
Move freely and
Move freely and faster at random
slide over each
other

Bentuk Mempunyai bentuk Tiada bentuk (d)

tetap tetap-mengikut
Shape bentuk bekas
Have definite shape
No definite
shape-follow the
shape of the
container

[4 markah/ marks]

5. Sofea menemani rakannya, Damia untuk menjalani pemeriksaan mata di sebuah pusat
optometri. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan keadaan matanya apabila memasuki sebuah bilik yang
gelap.

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Sofea accompanies her friend, Damia to do the eye test at an optometry centre. Diagram 5.1
shows the condition of her eyes when she enters a dark room.

Rajah/ Diagram 5.1

(a) Labelkan iris pada Rajah 5.1

Label iris in the Diagram 5.1

[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Nyatakan tindak balas anak mata dari keadaan gelap kepada terang.

State the reaction of pupil from dark to bright condition.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(c) Jelaskan kebaikan tindak balas tersebut.

Explain the advantage obtain from the reaction.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(d) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan kedudukan imej yang terbentuk pada mata Damia selepas
menjalani pemeriksaan mata.

Diagram 5.2 shows the position of the image formed on Damias eye after carrying out the eye
test.

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Rajah/ Diagram 5.2

Sebagai seorang pakar optometri, terangkan dua punca kecacatan tersebut pada Damia.
Kemudian, cadangkan satu cara untuk membetulkan kecacatannya.

As an optometrist, explain the two causes of the defect to Damia. Then, suggest one way to
correct her defect.

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__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________

[3 markah/ marks]

6 (a) Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan sistem percernaan manusia.

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Diagram 6.1 shows the human digestive system.

Rajah/ Diagram 6.1

(i) Namakan organ Y?

Name the Y organ?

__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Nyatakan satu fungsi asid yang dirembeskan oleh dinding organ Y?

State a function of an acid that secreted by the wall of the Y organ?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(iii) Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan unjuran halus, E yang terdapat pada organ Z.

Diagram 6.2 shows tiny projections, E that found in the Z organ.

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Rajah/ Diagram 6.2

Nyatakan dua ciri struktur ini yang membantu usus kecil menyerap makanan tercerna dengan
cekap.

State two characteristics of these structures that helps small intestine to absorb digested food
efficiently.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(b) Seorang budak lelaki mengalami masalah sistem pencernaan. Rajah 6.3 menunjukkan
sebahagian usus besar budak lelaki itu. Cadangkan makanan yang perlu diambil olehnya
dalam kuantiti yang banyak untuk mengelakkan masalah yang dihadapi.Wajarkan cadangan
anda.

A boy is suffering from digestive system problem. Diagram 6.3 shows part of the boys large
intestine. Suggest the food should be taken by him in large quantities to prevent the problem
faced. Justify your suggestion.

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Rajah/ Diagram 6.3

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__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

7. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan sebuah ekosistem di padang rumput.

Diagram 7.1 shows an ecosystem of field.

Rajah/ Diagram 7.1

(a) Senaraikan dua sumber bumi berdasarkan gambar di atas.

State two source of earth based on diagram above.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

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(b) Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan tiga jenis tong kitar semula.

Diagram 7.2 shows three types of recycle bin.

Rajah/ Diagram 7.2

Bagaimanakah kitar semula dapat membantu memelihara sumber alam?

How recycle can help to preserve the resources on earth?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Nyatakan dua cara yang boleh diambil untuk memelihara dan memulihara sumber di bumi
selain daripada kitar semula.

State two ways can be taken to preserve and conserve resource on earth other than recycle.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

8. Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan dua jenis bahan api.

Diagram 8.1 shows two types of fuel.

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X: Y:

Rajah/ Diagram 8.1

(a) Label X dan Y dengan menggunakan perkataan-perkataan yang diberi dalam petak di
bawah.

Label X and Y using the words given in the box below.

Karbon Hidrokarbon

Carbon Hydrocarbon

[2 markah/ marks]

(b) Bandingkan pembakaran bahan hidrokarbon dan karbon.

Compare and contrast the burning of hydrocarbon and carbon.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan satu aktiviti manusia yang mengakibatkan pencemaran alam
sekitar.

Diagram 8.2 shows a human activity which causes environmental pollution.

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Rajah/ Diagram 8.2

Cadangkan dua cara untuk mencegah jenis pencemaran alam sekitar yang disebabkan oleh
aktiviti ini.

Suggest two ways to prevent the type of environmental pollution which is caused by this
activity.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

9. Sumitha bersiar- siar di tepi pantai dan dia menjumpai satu kulit cengkerang di atas pasir.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan struktur kulit cengkerang di atas pasir tersebut.

Sumitha walked near the beach and she found a seashell on the sand. Diagram 9.1 shows the
structure of the seashells on the sand.

Rajah/ Diagram 9.1

(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan mineral?

What is meant by minerals?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Nyatakan sebatian kimia dalam cengkerang di atas.

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State the compound in the seashell above.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(c) Beberapa kulit telur dipanaskan dengan kuat seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 9.2.
Apabila kulit telur itu dipanaskan dengan kuat, gelembung gas akan kelihatan dalam air kapur.

Some egg shells are heated strongly as shown in the diagram 9.2. When the egg shells are
heated strongly, bubbles of gas will be seen in lime water.

Rajah/ Diagram 9.2

(i) Tulis persamaan perkataan bagi eksperimen di Rajah 9.2.

Write the word equation for the experiment in Diagram 9.2.

Dipanaskan

Heated

[2 markah/ marks]

(ii) Terangkan pembentukan air kapur daripada kulit telur tersebut.

Explain the formation of lime water from the eggshells.

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__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
[2 markah/ marks]

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(d) Nyatakan dua kegunaan sebatian kalsium karbonat dalam kehidupan harian.

State two uses of calcium carbonate in daily life.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

10. (a) Rajah 10 menunjukkan lengkung pertumbuhan manusia.

Diagram 10 shows the growth curve of human.

Rajah/ Diagram 10

Terdapat lima peringkat iaitu A,B,C,D dan E dalam lengkung pertumbuhan manusia. Tentukan
sama ada pernyataan yang diberi adalah Benar atau Palsu.Tuliskan jawapan anda di ruang
yang disediakan.

There are five stages, A, B, C, D and E in the growth curve of human. Determine whether the
statements given are True or False. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

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Pernyataan/ Statement Benar/ Palsu

True/ False

Ahmad berumur 16 tahun. Dia kini berada di peringkat D.

Ahmad is 6 years old. He is now in stage D.

Kadar pertumbuhan perempuan adalah lebih pesat daripada

kadar pertumbuhan lelaki pada peringkat B.

The growth rate of girls is faster than the growth rate of boys in
stage B.

Peringkat E disebut sebagai peringkat dewasa.

Stage E is called adulthood stage.

Ketinggian Asraf adalah 170 cm semasa berumur 65 tahun

tetapi ketinggiannya menjadi 168 cm semasa berumur 85 tahun.

Asrafs height was 170 cm when he is 65 years old but the

height becomes 168 cm when he is 85 years old.

[4 markah/ marks]

(b) Suresh merupakan pelajar tingkatan 3 yang mempunyai ketinggian 156 cm dengan berat
badan 80 kg.

Suresh is a form 3 student with the height of 156 cm and weight of 80 kg.

Klasifikasi berat badan Indeks jisim tubuh (kg/m2)

Body weight classification Body mass index (kg/m2)

Berat ideal/ Ideal weight 18.5 - 24.9

Lebih berat/ Overweight 25

Pra-obesiti/ Pre-obesity 25.0 - 29.9

Obesiti kelas I/ Class I obesity 30.0 - 34.9

Obesiti kelas II/ Class II obesity 35.0 - 39.9

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Jadual/ Table 10

(i) Berdasarkan Jadual 10, hitung indeks jisim tubuh (BMI) Suresh dan kenal pasti klasifikasi
berat badannya.

Based on Table 10, calculate Suresh body mass index (BMI) and identify his body weight
classification.

Berat/ weight (kg)

Tinggi/ Height (m) X Tinggi/ Height (m)

[2 markah/ marks]

(ii) Berdasarkan klasifikasi berat badan Suresh, syorkan 2 tabiat pemakanan yang
bersesuaian untuk memastikan kesihatan tubuh badannya.

Based on Suresh s body weight classification, suggest two suitable eating habit to ensure the
health of his body.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

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11. Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan ketebalan dinding uterus seorang wanita.

Diagram 11.1 shows the thickness of uterus wall of a woman.

Rajah/ Diagram 11.1

(a) Label salah satu daripada empat fasa kitar haid.

Label one phase from four for menstrual cycle.

__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Apakah maksud haid?

What is the meaning of menstruation?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

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(c) Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan kalendar yang ditanda oleh Aminah apabila kitar haid nya
bermula. Kitar haid Aminah bermula pada 9 September 2013.

Diagram 11.2 shows a marked calender of Aminah menstruation. Aminahs menstrual cycle
begin at 9 September 2013.

Rajah/ Diagram 11.2

(i) Nyatakan tarikh kitar haid yang seterusnya.

State the next date of menstruation.

__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Aminah merancang untuk mendapatkan anak yang kedua. Nyatakan tarikh ovulasi dan
nyatakan alasan anda kenapa Aminah boleh mendapatkan anak pada tarikh tersebut.

Aminah plans to have her second baby. State the date of Aminahs ovulation and give the
reason why Aminah able to have her baby on that time.

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__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(d)Nyatakan dua cara wanita menjaga kebersihan diri semasa haid.

State two ways women take care of personal hygiene during menstruation.

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__________________________________________________________________________
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[2 markah/ marks]

(e) Kemandulan menjadi masalah yang biasa kepada pasangan berkahwin pada masa kini.
Terdapat banyak faktor yang menyumbang kepada masalah ini. Nyatakan punca- punca
kemandulan pada lelaki dan cara mengatasinya.

Sterility becomes a common problem for married couples nowadays. There are many factors
contribute to this problem. State reasons for sterility occur in man and ways to overcome
sterility.

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[3 markah/ marks]

12 (a) Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan model sebuah penggera kebakaran.

Diagram 12.1 shows a model of afire alarm.

Rajah/ Diagram 12.1

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P, Q, R, S dan T ialah langkah sebuah penggera beroperasi.

P, Q, R, S and T are steps which the alarm operates.

P - Jalur dwilogam menyentuh skru sesentuh untuk melengkapkan litar

Bimetallic strip touches the contact screw to complete the circuit

Q - Jalur dwilogam mengembang dan membengkok

Bimetallic strip expands and bend

R - Loceng elektrik berdering

The ellectric bell rings

S - Api meningkatkan suhu jalur dwilogam

The fire increases the temperature of bimetallic strip

T - Arus elektrik mengalir dalam litar

The electric current flows in the circuit

Susun langkah-langkah tersebut dalam urutan yang betul.

Arrange the steps in the correct sequence.

[4 markah/ marks]

(b) Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan kesan pemanasan dua jalur dwilogam. Susun logam mengikut
kadar pengembangan dalam urutan menaik.

The diagram below shows the effect of heating on two bimetallic strips. Arrange the metals by
their expansion rate in an increasing order.

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Rajah/ Diagram 12.2

P
< <

[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada landasan kereta api.

Diagram 12.3 shows a part of the railway line.

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Rajah/ Diagram 12.3

Ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku kepada landasan kereta api dan kereta api yang bergerak di
atas landasan itu jika rel-rel besi tidak mempunyai jurang.

Predict what would happen to the railway line and the moving train on it if the iron rails have no
gap.

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[2 markah/ marks]

(d) Wayar kabel elektrik digantung mengikut cara tertentu untuk menyesuaikannya dengan
perubahan cuaca.

The electric cable wires are suspended in certain way to suit them with weather change.

Rajah/ Diagram 12.4

Mengapakah wayar kabel digantung seperti dalam Rajah 12.4?

Why the cable wires are suspended as in Diagram 12.4?

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[2 markah/ marks]

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13. (a) Rajah 13.1 menunjukkan dua jenis kenderaan awam di Malaysia.

Diagram 13.1 shows two types of public transport in Malaysia.

Rajah/ Diagram 13.1

(i) Manakah kenderaan di atas yang lebih berkeupayaan untuk membawa penumpang dengan
lebih cepat dan selamat dan huraikan berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi
kestabilan?

Which of the vehicle above has ability to carry passengers more faster and safely. Explain
your answer in terms of stability factors.

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[3 markah/ marks]

(ii) Cadangkan satu cara untuk meningkatkan kestabilan sebuah bas dua tingkat yang sedang
mengambil penumpang.

Suggest one way to increase the stability of a double decker bus when pick up the
passengers?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[1 markah/ mark]

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(b) Rajah 13.2 menunjukkan beberapa peralatan.

Diagram 13.2 shows a few tools.

Rajah/ Diagram 13.2

(i) Pada Rajah 13.2, tandakan fulkrum bagi setiap peralatan dengan huruf F.

In the Diagram 13.2, mark the fulcrum of each tool with the letter F.

[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Terangkan perbezaan kedua dua kelas tuas di atas.

Explain the differences for both class levers above.

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[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Rajah 13.3 menunjukkan sebuah kereta sorong yang berisi pasir.

Diagram 13.3 shows a wheelbarrow filled with sand.

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Rajah/ Diagram 13.3

Kira daya yang diperlukan untuk mengangkat pemegang kereta sorong di atas. (1 kg = 10 N )

Calculate the effort needed to lift the holder of the wheelbarrow above. (1 kg = 10 N )

[2 markah/ marks]

(d) Puan Basirah mencuba untuk membuka penutup botol yang sama dengan menggunakan
dua pembuka botol yang berlainan saiz.

Puan Basirah tried to open the cap of the same bottle by using two different size of bottle
opener.

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Pembuka botol manakah lebih mudah untuk Puan Basirah membuka penutup botol itu?
Terangkan mengapa.

Which bottle opener is easier for Puan basirah to open the bottle cap? Explain why.

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[3 markah/ marks]

14. (a)Rajah 14.1 menunjukkan sebuah bekas yang mengandungi cecair X.

Diagram 14.1 shows a container which contains liquid X.

Rajah/ Diagram 14.1

Terangkan 2 kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk menentukan sama ada cecair X ialah air
tulen.

Explain two methods that can be used to determine whether liquid X is a pure water.

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__________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(b) Rajah 14.2 menunjukkan keadaan banjir yang berlaku di kawasan perumahan Sarah.

Diagram 14.2 shows the flood that happen in Sarah s residential.

Rajah/ Diagram 14.2

Sarah mengumpul sampel air dari banjir tersebut. Dia ingin membersihkan sampel air tersebut
supaya boleh digunakan untuk diminum. Terangkan bagaimana Sarah perlu menjalankan
proses pembersihan tersebut.

Sarah collects a water sample from the flood. She wants to purify the water sample so that the
water can be used for drinking. Explain how Sarah should carry out the purification process.

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[3 markah/ marks]

(c) Seorang ahli sains menjalankan penyelidikan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan dua penapis
air. Dia menyambungkan penapis air bersama dan menyalurkan sedikit air kolam melalui
mereka satu per satu. Kemudian, dia menguji kehadiran pelbagai bahan yang terdapat di
dalam air selepas melalui penapis.

A scientist carries out an investigation to study the effectiveness of two different water filters.
He joins the water filters together and channels some pond water through them one after

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another. Then, he tests the presence of various substances found in the water after passing
through the filters.

Penapis J/ Filter J Penapis K/ Filter K

Air Air Air

(menyingkirkan objek yang
Water
lebih besar daripada 1.4
mikrometer di dalam air/
removing objects bigger than
1.4 micrometer in water)
(menyingkirkan objek yang
Water lebih besar daripada 0.17 Water
mikrometer di dalam air/
removing objects bigger than
0.17 micrometer in water)

(i) Cadangkan dua bahan yang terdapat di dalam air selepas ia melalui penapis J.

Suggest two substances found in the water after it passes through filter J.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(ii) Adakah air selamat untuk diminum selepas ia melalui penapis K? Mengapa?

Is the water safe for consumption after it passes through filter K? Why?

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__________________________________________________________________________

[2 markah/ marks]

(d) Selepas berlaku banjir, Salleh mendapati terdapat banyak sampah di bawa arus sungai
di belakang rumahnya. Sampah ini harus dibersihkan supaya tidak berlaku pencemaran air.
Anda dikehendaki untuk menggunakan bahan-bahan yang berikut untuk mereka bentuk satu
perangkap sampah dalam sungai.

After flood, a lot of garbage was found by Salleh in the river behind his house. The garbage
need to be clean up to avoid water pollution. You are required to design a river garbage trap
using all the following materials.

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Botol plastik kosong/ Empty plastic bottles Tali/ Rope

Kayu/ Wooden Paku besi/ Iron nail

Lakarkan perangkap sampah itu di ruang yang disediakan. Terangkan reka bentuk anda.

Sketch the river garbage trap in the space provided. Explain your design.

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[1 markah/ mark]

Penerangan/ Explaination

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[2 markah/ marks]

KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN TAMAT/ END OF QUESTION PAPER

55 PANITIA SAINS SMKUT 31 TERHAD