Bi thc hnh s 3 : Cc cu lnh la chn

I.N TP KIN THC

1.Cu lnh if:
if (dieukien)
if (dieukien)
{
caulenh // khi lnh
}

2.Cu lnh if..else:

if (dieukien)
if (dieukien)
{
caulenh1 // khi lnh 1
else }
else
caulenh2 {
// khi lnh 2
}

3.Cu lnh if vi nhiu la chn:

if (dieukien1)
caulenh1
else if (dieukien1)
caulenh2
..
else
caulenhN

4.Cu lnh switch:

switch(bieuthuc)
{
case HANG_1:
cau_lenh_1;
break;
case HANG_2:
cau_lenh_2;
break;
case HANG_N:
cau_lenh_N;
break;
default:
cau_lenh_mac_dinh;
 }

II.BI TP C LI GII
Bi 1 : Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn. Xut ra thng bo trn mn hnh l S
chn nu nh s l s chn, xut ra thng bo l S l nu nh s l s l.

Li gii:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int n;
cout<<"Nhap vao mot so:";
cin>>n;
if(n%2==0)
cout<<"So chan";
else
cout<<"So le";
return 0;
}

Bi 2 : Vit chng trnh tnh lng ca nhn vin da theo thm nin cng tc (TNCT) nh
sau:
Lng = h s * lng cn bn, trong lng cn bn l 650000 ng.
Nu TNCT < 12 thng: h s = 1.92
Nu 12 <= TNCT < 36 thng: h s = 2.34
Nu 36 <= TNCT < 60 thng: h s = 3
Nu TNCT >= 60 thng: h s = 4.5.
Li gii:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
const int LCB =650000;
double heso, luong;
int tnct;
cout<<"Nhap vao tham nien cong tac:"; cin>>tnct;
if(tnct<12)
 heso= 1.92;
else if (tnct<36)
heso = 2.34;
else if (tnct<60)
heso = 3;
else
heso = 4.5;
luong = heso * LCB;
cout<<"Luong = "<<luong;
return 0;
}

Bi 3 : Cc nc thnh vin ca mt t chc quc t c chia thnh 5 loi nh s t 1 n 5.

Hng nm mi nc phi ng hi ph theo quy nh: nc loi 1, 2, 3, 4 ng tng ng 1%,
0,7%, 0,5%, 0,1% tng thu nhp quc gia, nc loi 5 ng 1 triu la. Lp chng trnh c
vo tn nc, loi, tng thu nhp quc gia. Tnh v hin th ra mn hnh s tin phi ng

Li gii:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string tenqg;
int loai;
double tongtn, phi;
cout<<"Nhap vao ten nuoc:"; getline(cin, tenqg);
cout<<"Loai: "; cin>>loai;
cout<<"Tong thu nhap"; cin>>tongtn;
switch(loai)
{
case 1: phi = tongtn*0.01;
case 2: phi = tongtn*0.07;
case 3: phi = tongtn*0.005;
case 4: phi = tongtn*0.001;
case 5: phi = 1000000;
}
cout<<"Tong so tien phai dong gop la:"<<phi;
return 0;
}

III.THC HNH
Bi 1 : Vit chng trnh nhp vo 3 s a,b,c v kim tra xem b 3 s ny c l 3 cnh ca mt tam
gic hay khng. Nu chng l 3 cnh ca mt tam gic th in ra mn hnh thng bo l L 3 cnh ca
tam gic. Ngc li in ra mn hnh thng bo Khng phi l 3 cnh tam gic.
Bi 2 : Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s thc x. Nu x khng m th tr v gi tr cn bc bn ca x,
ngc li th thng bo Khng tnh c.

Bi 3 : Vit chng trnh nhp vo im trung bnh v hin th kt qu hc tp theo loi gii, kh,
trung bnh, yu cn c vo im trung bnh. Bit di 4.5 l loi yu, t 4.5 di 7 l loi trung
bnh, 7 di 8.5 l loi kh v trn 8.5 l gii.

Bi 4 : Vit chng trnh nhp im t bn phm. Thc hin chuyn i t im s ra im ch (

quy i im trong h tn ch).
Gi : im 8.5 l im A, t 7 n <8.5 l im B, t 5.5 n <7 l im C, t 4.5 n <5.5 l im
D v nh hn 4.5 l im F.

Bi 5 : Vit chng trnh nhp 2 s nguyn t bn phm. Chng trnh kim tra 2 s c l ngy
thng hp l hay khng? a kt qu kim tra ra mn hnh l hp l hoc khng hp l
Ch : ta coi ngy thng l hp l nu ngy c gi tr trong on 0..31 v thng c gi tr trong on
1..12
Bi 6 : Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh ax+b=0 vi u vo l cc h s a, b kiu s thc.
Ch : xt tt c cc trng hp c th xy ra ca a, b.

Bi 7 : Vit chng trnh nhp vo ch ci chuyn t im ch v loi kt qu hc tp tng ng :

im A tng ng vi loi gii,
im B tng ng vi loi kh,
im C tng ng vi loi trung bnh,
im D tng ng vi loi trung bnh yu,
im F tng ng vi loi yu,
Cc ch ci khc th tr v thng bo li.

(*) Bi 8 : Nhp 3 s a,b,c t bn phm. Vit chng trnh kim tra xem b 3 s ny theo th t c
phi l ngy thng nm khng. Nu ng th in ra ngy tip theo ca ngy . Nu khng th in ra
thng bo l ba s nhp vo khng phi l ngy thng nm.

Ch : cn kim tra c th v tnh hp l ca ngy thng. V d 29/2/2009 khng phi l ngy thng
hp l v nm 2009 khng phi l nm nhun nn thng 2 khng th c ngy 29. Hoc 31/9/2008 cng
khng phi mt ngy hp l.