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ABSTRACT impact event, but in this study, the stain history curve is
captured and compared to the lab test results. The
The wheel impact test evaluates wheel structural ABAQUS explicit solver has been used to enhance
performance for a typical lateral curb impact event accuracy of the impact simulation.
occurring in passenger cars and light trucks. This test
which is as per SAE J -175 standard has a striker SAE J175 FOR WHEEL IMPACT TEST
dropped from a specified height on to a fixture mounted
wheel-tire assembly. This impact test performance is The SAE recommended practice is to establish minimum
critical to meeting overall structural performance for the performance requirements and test procedures for
wheel. There are many processes and methods evaluating axial curb impact collision properties of all
available to simulate impact tests using FE analysis and wheels intended for use on passenger cars and light
in this study, certain existing methods are fine tuned to trucks.
facilitate improved correlation with aforementioned lab
test. Abaqus explicit is used in the simulation process TEST SET-UP
and FE analysis-test correlation is achieved within 3%
(strain gauge measurements). The improved method The impact load is applied to the rim flange of a wheel-
closely captures the behavior of the wheel during and tire assembly. The wheel-tire assembly is mounted at an
after impact including capturing the variation of bolt angle of 13 to the horizontal plane so that the striker
pretension during the impact test. The wheel width impacts the outer bead radius of the rim near the air
before and after impact is another parameter used to valve hole. The striker impact face has to be at least
compare analysis and test results. Further, the 125mm wide and at least 375 mm long. Fig.1 shows the
contribution of impact load between the wheel and tire is Impact Loading Test Machine set-up.
studied, to support the modeling strategy used in this
new method.
INTRODUCTION
Using CAE simulation, we can significantly reduce the Fig. 1 Impact Loading Machine SAE J175
test timings and cost for a wheels prototype
development. Various methods and processes can be
The wheel and tire assembly are mounted on the wheel
used for the simulation of wheel impact test [1-3]. It is
mount fixture and its dimensions are shown in Fig. 2
typically difficult to capture the strain history during the
Four natural rubber mounts are used in fixture to absorb LABORATORY SETUP
the impact load and their hardness is equal to 50 shore.
The vertical deflection in the wheel mount fixture shall be The Impact Loading Machine and the wheel hub mount
7.5mm 10% at the mid-span of the beam, when a are designed as per the SAE specifications. The wheel
vertical mass of 1000kg is applied at the center of wheel mount fixture is calibrated for the 7.5 mm vertical
mount. All pivot joints in the fixture should be free to deflection. There are four strain gauges (A, B, C and D)
rotate. mounted on top of the wheel spoke region and two strain
gauges (E and F) are mounted on bottom of the wheel
spoke region as shown in Fig. 3. These mounting
regions are selected from the initial CAE simulation. The
strain gauge B and C have high strain limits.
Fig. 2 Wheel Hub Fixture SAE J175 The finite element model consists of the wheel-tire
assembly, the wheel mount fixture and striker mass as
TEST PROCEDURE shown in the Fig. 4
Displacement
bead region where the beads are reinforced with bead
wire. The radial tires have steel belts, which are used to
reinforce the area under the tread. They provide
puncture resistance and also help the tire maintain
optimum contact with the road surface. The body plies
are made up of several layers of fabric using polyester
cords. This cords in a radial tire run perpendicular to the
tread and are coated with rubber to help them bond with
the other components.
WHEEL-TIRE ASSEMBLY
STRIKER MODEL
Vo = (1)
T= (2)
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES