Metabolic Pathways

CONH 2 COO

HYALURONIC ACID DERMATAN BLOOD GROUP ALGINATES O-ANTIGENS STARCH GLYCOGEN + O O COO
P GLYCOPROTEINS SUBSTANCES CH2COO OH
+
N
O O
Ribose -O - P - O - P - O- Adenosine(P)
N
Ribose - O - P - O - P - O -Adenosine + NICOTINATE COO COO

O GANGLIOSIDES PEPTIDO- CH2OH CH2OH N

11 + COO
MUCINS GLYCAN CH OHCHITIN CHONDROITIN PECTIN INULIN CELLULOSE O O NH NH O O O O Ribose- P 2.4.2. N N RP

L Indoleacetate Indoxyl 6.3.5.1 2.7.7.18

2
O O
HO
O (Auxin) NAD( +P) 6.3.1.5 Desamino-NAD Nicotinate- 2.4.2.19
Quinolinate- A
Y AcNH
CHOH
O
COO - 6.3.2.7-10
O
COO - 2.4.1.68
2.4.1.69
1.1.1.132 HO CH3
OH OH OH
1.2.3.7
nucleotide nucleotide
2.4.2.19 R
S
CHOH
O
O OPPT +
2.4.99.7 6.3.2.13 HO O OPPU OH OH
CH2OH HO OH OPPU HO CH2CH(NH3)COO HO CH 2CH2NH 2 HO CH2CH2NHCOCH 3 CH3O CH 2CH2NHCOCH 3 COO
OPC 2.4.1.17
CH3 2.4.1.29 LACTOSE
A CH3CH NHAC
UDP-
OH
HO HO OPPG
TDP-Rhamnose
OH OH
CH2OH
CH2CHO
NH NH NH NH N
COO
M
C HO
UDP-N-Ac-Muramate
COO-
Iduronate OH
GDP-
CH3
2.4.1.21
2.4.1.1 2.4.1.11 HO
O
3.2.1.23 Indole-
NH
Indole
NH
5-Hydroxy- 4.1.1.28
5-Hydroxytryptamine 2.3.1.5 N-Acetyl-serotonin 2.1.1.4
N-Acetyl-5-O-methyl-serotonin Quinolinate A
Mannuronate etc.
C CMP-N-Acetyl GDP-Fucose O 2.4.1.21
OH OH 2.7.1.38 acetaldehyde 1.14.16.4
tryptophan (SEROTONIN) (MELATONIN)
T
H neuraminate
HO
CH2OH
O COO 5.1.3.12
CH2OH
O
5.1.3.13 O
OH OPPT OH 4.1.1.43 +
+
COO I
A CHOH
O
COO
2.4.1.16
COO -
4.2.1.47 2.4.1.33
OH ADP- CH2OH GALACTOSE
CH 2COCOO
CO CH2CH(NH 3)COO
CHO
+
CO CH2CH(NH 3)COO
COCH2CH(NH 3)COO
NH2
COO
NH2 OCH OCH C
R AcNH CHOH NH2 NH2
CH2OH OH OPPU O
HO OH HO OPPG CH2OH
O
TDP-4-Oxo- Glucose
O
CH2OH 4.1.99.1 NH
3.5.1.9
NH2
1.14.13.9
OH OH COO COO
3-Hydroxy 1.13.11.6 2-Amino-3-carboxy 4.1.1.45
OH 3.7.1.3
HO 6-deoxyglucose NH
Formylkynurenine Kynurenine 3-Hydroxy 2-Aminomuconate-
I OH 2.7.7.43
3.1.3.29
1.1.1.158 CH2OH
O
NHCOCH 3 GDP-Mannose HO OH OPPU
2.7.1.6
HO
O
Indolepyruvate kynurenine anthranilate muconate semialdehyde 6-semialdehyde A
D HO UDP-N-Ac-
OH OPPU
CH2OH
HO OH HO OH
GDP-Glucose HO 1.13.11.11 COO H H Catechol M
N-Ac-Neuraminate Galactosamine OH
UDP-Glucose
OH OP 2.4.1.22
E MANNOSE I

1.
HO O O + COO
OPPU UDP- 4.2.1.46 1.2.1.32

4.
(Sialate) 2.7.7.13 OH CH2CH(NH 3)COO C-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2OP NH C C CH CH2OP
Galactose-P

1.
CH2 C CH2CH 2NH2 HOC-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2OP
S
COO
1.1.1.22
COO
NHAC Galacturonate N

19
CH2OP CH 1.14.12.1
COO O 2.7.1.7 2.7.7.27 NH N
CH OH OH NH2
O HO OH HO O P CH 2OH NH 4.2.1.20 N O
H H NH 2
UDP-N-Ac-
3.1.3.29 5.1.3.7 Mannose-1-P
TDP-Glucose
2.7.7.34 2.7.7.9 HO
O
Tryptamine
4.1.1.28
TRYPTOPHAN Indole-3-glycerol-P 1-(o-Carboxy phenylamino)
4.1.1.48
N-(5-P-Ribosyl)
2.4.2.18
Anthranilate
OOC
OOC
2-Amino
O
HO OH Glucosamine
ACNH
OH
4.1.3.20 HO OH OPPU 5.1.3.6 CH 2OP
O
5.1.3.2
2.7.7.10 COO 1-deoxyribulose-5-P anthranilate
pyruvate OH 2.7.7.12 OH OPPU OC muconate
N-Ac-Mannosamine-6-P UDP-Glucuronate 5.4.2.8
HO OH HO OH
2.7.7.24 CH 2OH
O OH P OCH 2 CH2
HO COO COO COO
COO COO COO
4.1.3.27
OOC CH 2COCOO
A
CH2OH
O
CH2OH
O 4.1.3.20
CH2OH
O
CH2OP
O
HOCH HCOH
C OH OH
CH2 CH2
C
I
HO OH P O OH O-C-COO
OP
P UDP-Galactose O O P O OC-COO
H Mannose-6-P
2.7.1.60 CH 2OP HO OH H OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH
ACNH 2.4.1.13 4.6.1.3 4.2.1.10 1.1.1.25 2.7.1.71 2.5.1.19 4.6.1.4 5.4.99.5
HO OH OPPU HO OH OP O HO 3-Deoxy-D-arabino- Dehydro- Dehydro- Shikimate Shikimate-3-P Shikimate-5 Chorismate Prephenate D
E
HO OH OH HO OH OH 2.4.1.9 enolpyruvate 3-P
heptulosonate-7-P quinate shikimate
X
NHAC NHCOCH 3 5.4.2.3
N-Ac-Glucosamine-6-P
NHCOCH 3 Glucose-1-P O O
OH CH2COCOO
PEP +
CH2CH(NH3) COO
+
S
N-Ac-Mannosamine UDP-N-Ac-Glucosamine N-Ac-Glucosamine-1-P HO OH OH CH2OH
O CH2COO
CH2CH(NH3) COO
CH2COCOO
4.2.1.51
O 5.1.3.14 2.7.7.23
H H OH
2.3.1.
4 NH2
-OOC
O
CH2COO
O
CH2COO
1.3.1.13
S Glucosamine-6-P
COO OH OH OH OH COO
5.3.1.8 HO OH OH OH OH OH
O 5.2.1.2 1.13.11.5 1.13.11.27 2.6.1.5 1.14.16.1 2.6.1.5
OH HOCH 2 C C C CO CH2OH
Fumaryl Maleyl Homogentisate Hydroxyphenyl Phenylpyruvate
E OH H OH OH OP
OH OH H OH
acetoacetate acetoacetate pyruvate
TYROSINE PHENYLALANINE 4.3.1.
5
COO -
1.3.1.13 1.3.1.13
S HOCH 2 C C C C HO OH OH HO OH HO OH
Fructose SUCROSE 3.2.1.26 3.2.1.48
GLUCOSE CHOHCH 2NHCH 3 CHOHCH 2NH2 CH2CH2NH2
+
CH2CH(NH3) COO-
H OH H H OH OH OH 4.1
Gulonate
1.1.1.19
Glucuronate
1.13.99.1
Inositol
3.1.3.25
Inositol-P 5.5.1.4
.1.2
5
CH2CH2NH2 CH=CHCOO
C
5.4.2.2 OH OH OH Cinnamate A
ATP Ubiquinone
OH H OH OH OH H OH 21 OH 1.14.16.2
OH H OH OH 1.1.1. OH OH OH Menaquinone
T
OH
3.1.1.18 HOCH 2 C C C C CO HOCH 2 C C C CO CO H H OH H 3.1.3.9 2.1.1.28 1.14.17.1 4.1.1.28 + OH
HOCH 2 C C C C CO 1.1.1.14 CH2OP 2.7.1.2 Epinephrine Norepinephrine Dopamine Dopa CH2CH(NH3) COO 1.14.13.11
H H H H H Tyramine
E
HOCH 2 C C C C CH2OH O 2.7.1.1
O O H O 2.6.1.16 (Adrenaline) (Noradrenaline)
CHOHCH 2NH2 HN O
Gulonolactone 1.1.3.8 2-Oxogulonolactone ASCORBATE ADP
C
OH OH H OH
.1.6
O 1.14.18.1 H2 I I CH=CHCOO
1.10.2.1 2.7
OH H OH OH H OH H Sorbitol .1.4 HO OH CH2 OP 2.1 O C Coumarate
1.10.3.3 -Tocopherol
1.1.1.45
C COO- CO COO - OH
1.1.1.49 O OCH 3
CH-COO O O
H
Glucose-6-P
HOCH 2 C C CO HOCH 2 C C CO HOCH2 C C CO CO CO CH(OH)COO OH CHOHCH 2OH (Vitamin E) + O
H OH H H OH H O 2.7.1.3 P-Glucono Normetepinephrine O NH3 OH
O
P 3-Dehydrogulonate
1.1.1.130
2, 3-Dioxogulonate Dehydroascorbate H H OH H 3.1
.1 .17 lactone HO OH OH
OH
OCH 3
.3.4
(Normetadrenaline) OCH 3 Dopaquinone
O NH
I
OH
I
L
E OH H OH H H OH H H POCH2 C C C C COO - NADP +
5.3.1.9
OH
4-OH-3-Methoxy-
1.4
4-OH-3-Methoxy-
OH
Plastoquinone 1.14.18.1
MELANIN THYROXINE LIGNIN Tannins Plant Pigments A
N OH OH H OH 5.3.1.8
6-P-Gluconate NADPH M
HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C CO CH 2OH
H H OH
D-mandelate phenylglycol
T H OH H OH OH H OH OH
HOCH 2 C C C CO CH2OP NADP + CH2OP
I
O L-Xylose 4.1.1.34 D-Arabinose 5.3.1.3 D-Ribulose 2.7.1.47
H H HO O NHCOCH 2NH2
OOC-CH-CH 2COO
O
N
OH OH H 1.1.1.44 NH NH OOC N N
HNCO C N
N C
S OH H H OH H OH H
Fructose-1-P 2.2.1.1 POCH2 C C C CO CH2OH H 2C CHO H 2C CHO
HC
CH
C
CH CH H 2N C CH

E HOCH 2 C C C CH2OH HOCH 2 C C CO CH 2OH POCH2 C C CO CH2OH

H H H
OH OH H
OH OH
OC
NH
HN C
NH
H 2N C
N H2 N
C
N
H 2N C
N
RP H 2N
C N RP E
Fructose-6-P
NADPH RP RP RP
S
RP
5.1.3.1 2.1.2.2
H OH OH H OH H OH
Formyl 6.3.5.3 6.3.3.1 5-Amino 4.1.1.21 5-Amino-4-imidazole 6.3.2.6 5-Amino-4-imidazole 4.3.2.2 5-Aminoimidazole
S L-Arabitol L-Xylulose
2.7.1.53
L-Xylulose-5-P HOCH 2 C C C CH2OH H H Glycinamide- Formyl O
C C N
OH OH H H OH H H OH H OH OH OH
Ribitol
POCH2 C C CO CH2OH ATP ribosyl-P glycinamide-R P glycinamidine-R P imidazole-R P carboxylate-R P (N-succinylcarboxamide)-R P carboxamide-R P H2 N
HCO C
CH

HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C C CH 2OH HOCH 2 C C C CHO OH OH H H 2.7.1.11

O
NH O
2.1.2.3 NH N RP
H2NCONH 2 H 2N COO NH2 H2 N NH C N O N
3.1.3.11 OC C
H H OH 1.1.1.10 OH H OH OH H OH D-Ribulose-5-P POCH 2 C C CHO
6.3.4.13 Urea CO CO HN C CO HN C CH HN
C
C 2 Inosine 3.1.3.
Formylamido-
2.7.1.47 ADP C OC C C CH 3.2.2. 5 imidazole-
L-Arabinose 5.3 Xylitol D-Xylose H H H OH OH OC
N H NH N H NH OC
N NH OC C HC C
OH H H
.1.4
OH OH OH OH HOCH 2 C C C CHO 5.1.3.1
Erythrose-4-P 3.5.3.4 H
3.5.2.5
H
1.7.3.3
H
1.1.1.204
NH NH
1.1.3.22
N NH
2.4.2.1 carboxamide-R P
H H HO
OH OH OH + Allantoate Allantoin URATE 1.1.3.22 Xanthine Hypoxanthine 3.5.4.10 O
HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C CO CH2OH POCH2 C C CO CH OH POCH 2 C C C CO CH2OP CH2(NH3)COOH NH2 C N
2
D-Ribose .1.4
NH2 N
N
HN C
H OH OH H H
L-Ribulose 2.7.1.16 L-Ribulose-5-P
H H
5.3.1.6
H OH OH OH H
2.6 .10 GLYCINE N
N
CH O O O HC
CH NH2 N OOC-CH-CH 2COO
HC C
CH
P
L-Lyxose 5.1.3.4 N C
N RP
Fructose-
N
C C CO CH 2OH CH2OP .1 20 O N N
U
4.1.2.- HC C NH
1.4 N
POCH 2
1. -O P~O P~O P O CH
N CH
O NH2
H OH 2.7 2.2.1.2 1. 2 O HC C C N
1.1.1 OH H
2. O P O CH2 O
Fumarate Aspartate INOSINE-P
.9 HOCH 2 C C CO CH2OH
.1.1
5 D-Xylulose-5-P 1:6-bis-P OOCCH 2NHCH3
O O O N N RP(P) N
HC
C
C
CH (IMP) R
Sarcosine 2.7.4.3
OH H
D-Xylulose
2.7.1.17 OH OH
Glyoxylate
O
OH
4.6.1.1 ATP
OH OH
2.7.4.6
ADP
2.7.4.4 4.3.2.2
N NH RP
Adenylo- 6.3.4.4 O
C N
I
P-Ribosyl 1.5.99.2 Cyclic AMP
ADENOSINE-P
(AMP) succinate 3.1.4.6
HN C CH N
H+
H H H
H H H OH
amine 1.4.4.2 1.17.4.1 1.1.1.205 OC
N
C
N RP E
H+ PHOTO- H+ POCH 2 C C C CHO OOCCH 2N(CH3)2 d-ADP Adenine 2.4.2.1 H
S
H+ POCH
otophosphoryla SYSTEM lic
2H+ yclic Ph n-cyc electr
POCH2 C C C C CO CH2OP 4.1.2.13 Dimethylglycine XANTHOSINE-P
2.7.4.6
No (electric cur on
PHOTO- tion l OH OH OH 2.7.7.7 2.4.2.15 3.5.4.
flo 3 (XMP)
SYSTEM C
2H+ H+ ren
t) D-Ribose-5-P
OH OH OH H
2.1.1.5 2.7.7
.7 DNA 2.7.7.7
d-GTP d-GDP O
II
Ferredoxin H+
Sedoheptulose-PP 1.1
7.4 Guanine 6.3.4.1 C N
P
w

2.4.2.
*-
+ HN C
2.2.1.1 d-ATP 2.7 .1 1 6.3.5.2 CH

H 2e-
2e-
2e H+ OOCCH2N(CH3)3 .7.7 d-CTP H2 N C C
.
PQ _ N RP
Betaine N
PQ FOLIC 2.7.7.6 2.7.7.6 2.7.4.6 2.7.4.8
O PQH2 PQ
POCH 2CHOHCHO ATP RNA GTP GDP
T
QB 1e- 1e-
Fe-S H+ NADP+ HOCH2COCH2OP
2.2.1.1 3-P-Glyceraldehyde 1.2.1.8 2.1.2.1 ACID 2.7
.7.6 TTP 2.7.4 1.17.4
.1
GUANOSINE-P
PQH2 Cyt bf
Dihydroxy- 5.3.1
.1 + C1 .6
(GMP)
O QA 2e- A1
H+
H+
acetone-P Pi 6.3.4.7
2.4.2.14 OHCCH 2N(CH3)3
Betaine POOL NH2
P
S Cyt bc Pi 20 O 2.7 O O C
.1 4.2.1. O
Pheophytin Chl.A0
NADPH+H+ (Glycerone-P) 4.1.2.5 C .7.6 TDP
Y
CH
5.3.1
C
aldehyde 2.7 C N

. NAD+ HN CH-CH3 C C-CH3 CH

_ 2e- .4.9 HN
Y P680 2PQH2
2PQ 2PQ 2.7.1.28 1.1.99.1
CH3
CH3
OC CH 2
HN
OC
C CH3
CH
OC CH 2.1.1.45
HN
OC CH
OC
N
CH
R
N Chl.a
2e-
P700 Pi ADP + H2NCH 2 CHCOO H2NCONHCH 2CHCOO NH
2.4.2.4
N
DP N DP
3.5.4.12 2.7.4.14
DP

I
PC
H+ HOCH2CH2N (CH3) 3 NH
2e-
T Mn Fe-S 2e- Cyt.f H+
H+
Glyceraldehyde 1.2.1.12 CHOLINE 3-Amino- 3.5.1.6
-Ureido 3.5.2.2
Dihydro 1.3.1.2 Thymine THYMIDINE-P d-UMP d-CMP d-CDP
PC PC
Ribulose-1,5-bis-P isobutyrate isobutyrate thymine O O
M

1.2.1.13

H 2.4.2 NH 2
4H+ Pi
1

HOCH2CH(NH3)COO 2. C C C
4.2.1.22 1. CH2 .4
a

HN CH
H 2O
H+ H+ H+ ADP NADH 1. HN CH
I
8
N
SERINE 1.17.4.1

Translocated protons
E
8

CO2
13
2

H+ CH2

OC OC CH OC CH
1

H+ H+ 2.6.1.51
D
CH2OP 4.1.1.11 H2NCONHCH 2CH 2COO NH N H
S H+
H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H2NCH 2CH2COO NH
3

3.5.1.6 3.5.2.2 1.3.1.2 3.5.4.1

3

O
H+ ATP Fixation POCH 2CHOHCOOP 1.4.1.7 Carbamoyl Dihydro- CDP
I O2 Protons from Water H+ H+ H+
1:3-bis-P-Glycerate
-Alanine -alanine uracil Uracil Cytosine NH 2
I
H+

H+
2.7.6.1 O
2

H+ H+ HOCH2COCOO
c

H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+
2

H+ 2 OP O P -OOC O O O C
CH 2.7.4.6

N
O C

S H+ H+
Hydroxy- 3.1.3.3
NH2 CH2 C C C C HN CH N

ATP
THYLAKOID LUMEN CH2 CH CH
3

OH OH CH HN HN
ATP HN HN

2.4.2.9 CH
H+

THYLAKOID MEMBRANE P-Ribosyl-PP pyruvate OC

N
CH-COO
OC CH-COO OC C-COO OC C-COO OC N CH
OC
N
CH OC
N
E

+
ATP synthase
e H NH NH
N
RP RPPP RPPP
6.3.4.2
S
P OCH2CH(NH3)COO RP
ADP ADP
STROMA 3.6.1.34 Phospho- Carbamoyl
3.5.2.3
Dihydro Orotate Orotidine-P Uridine-P
4.1.1.23 (UMP) 2.7.4.4
UDP URIDINE- CYTIDINE-
CHLOROPLAST OUTER MEMBRANE 2.7.2.3 serine aspartate orotate 1.3.1.14 2.4.2.10 2.7.4.6 triphosphate triphosphate
1.1.1.29 (UTP) (CTP)
COO
HO HO
COO ATP 2.6.1.52
2.6.1.22
NH2 NH2
COO H H H H H H H H H H CONH 2
+ C N OC N N H H
N C NH C NH C
-Linolenate
1.14.99.25 P OCH2 C C C C P OCH 2 C C C C P OCH 2 C C CO CH2
Linoleate Arachidonate 1.13.11.34 Leukotriene B4 OH
POCH2CHOH COO
1.1.1.95
P OCH2COCOO CH CH CH
P OCH 2 C C C CH
COO 5. O
3-P-Glycerate P-Hydroxy- OH OH HC
N
C
N OH OH HC
N
C
N OH OH HC
N
C
N
1.1 3.99 COO O O RP OH OH HN N
1.3.1.35 4.9 .3
COO pyruvate 3.6.1.31
RP(PP)
3.5.4.19
RP
C
9.1 2.4.2.17
P-Ribosyl-ATP P-Ribosyl-AMP P-Ribosylformimino P-Ribulosylformimino Imidazole H
L COSCoA O
CO-S-ACP
HO OH 5.3.99.5
HO
OH 2.7.1.31 5-aminoimidazole- 5.3.1.16 5-aminoimidazole- glycerol-P
I Oleoyl-CoA Palmitoleoyl-ACP Prostaglandin PGE 2 Thromboxane B2 POCH2CH(OP) COO
HC C CH 2CHCOO
+ carboxamide-R P carboxamide-R P+
HOCH2CH(OH) COO +
2, 3-Diphospho-
+
1.14.99.5 5.4.2.1 N NH NHCOCH 2CH2NH2 HC C CH2CH(NH 3)COO HC C
HC C CH2COCH2OP
P
CH2CH(NH 3)CHO HC C CH 2CH(NH 3)CH2OH HC C CH2CH(NH 3)CH2OP
4.2.1.19
COSCoA CH3(CH2)14CH=CHCOS-CoA COS-CoA
CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CH 2COS CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA
glycerate Glycerate C
H Carnosine N NH
N NH N NH N NH
N NH

I Stearoyl-CoA Dehydrostearoyl-CoA OH-Stearoyl-CoA Oxostearoyl-CoA CH 3COO

CH
CH CH CH
C
H
CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA Histidinal Histidinol Histidinol-P Imidazole
D Endoplasmic Reticulum ACETATE 4.1.1.22
HISTIDINE 1.1.1.23 1.1.1.23 3.1.3.15 2.6.1.9
acetol-P
CH3(CH2)14COS-ACP CH 3(CH2)14COSCoA HOCH2CH(O P)COO HC C CH2CH2NH2
4.3.1.3
Chain elongation Mitochondrial
Palmitoyl-ACP Palmitoyl-CoA 2-P-Glycerate OOC CHCH 2CH2COO OC CHCH 2CH2COO CH C CH CHCOO
B 1.2.1.4
N
C
NH
HN NH N NH N NH 4.3.1.3
I
CH3(CH2)n CH=CHCOS-CoA CH 3(CH2)n CH(OH)CH 2COSACP CH 3(CH2)n COCH 2COSACP H HISTAMINE CH CH CH
1.3.1.9 4.2.1.60 1.1.1.100 3.5.2.7 4.2.1.49
ACYL-ACP 2, 3-Enoyl-ACP 4.2.1.61
3-OH-Acyl-ACP 3-Oxoacyl-ACP Formimino Imidazolone Urocanate
O 1.3.1.10 2.3.1.41
4.2.1.11
CH3CH 2OH
ETHANOL 2.3
glutamate propionate
S CH3(CH2)5CH=CHCH 2COSACP
4.2.1.
2.1.3.2 .1.3
0
3, 4-Decenoyl-ACP 60 CH3(CH2)6CH(OH)CH 2COSACP 1.1.1.100 +
Y
CH3(CH2)6CH2CH 2COSACP CH 3(CH2)6COCH 2COSACP
CH2CO-OCH2CH(NH 3)COO 2-
Decanoyl-ACP 1.3.1.
9 3-OH-Decanoyl-ACP 3-Oxo-Decanoyl-ACP 1.1.1.1
Acetylserine HS HSO - Phosphoadenylyl- Adenylylsulphate SO 4
N
CH3(CH2)6CH=CHCOSACP
.60 1.8.99.1 1.8.99.2 2.7.1.25 2.7.7.4
2, 3-Decenoyl-ACP 4.2.1 2.3.1.41 CH2=C(OP ) COO +
sulphate (APS)
T
CH3CHO (PAPS)
4.2
P-enolpyruvate
S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO +
CH 3(CH2)2CH 2CH2COSACP CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCO-S-ACP CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSACP CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSACP Acetaldehyde .99 +
1.1.1.100 + CH2CH(NH 3)COO
H .8 HSCH 2CH(NH
+ CH 3 SCH CH CH(NH )COO
1.3.1.9 4.2.1.59
Hexanoyl-ACP 2, 3-Hexenoyl-ACP 3-OH-Hexanoyl-ACP 3-Oxo-Hexanoyl-ACP S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO 3)COO
4.4.1.1
+
SCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO 4.2.1.22
+
HSCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO
2.1.1.13
2 2 3
1.2.1.32
HS
E CH3CH=CHCO.S-ACP 2.3.1.41 CYSTINE 1.6.4.1 CYSTEINE
4.2.99.9
Cystathionine 4.4.1.8
Homocysteine 2.1.1.14
METHIONINE
S CH3CH2CH2COSACP
1.3.1.9
CH3CH=CHCO-S-ACP
4.2.1.58
CH3CH(OH)CH 2COS-ACP
1.1.1.100
CH3COCH 2COSACP ADP .1.1 1.13.11.20 Adenosyl
4.1 4.4.1.15 3.3.1.1 2.5.1.6
I Butanoyl-ACP Crotonoyl-ACP 3-OH-Butanoyl-ACP
CH2OH CH2OH
Acetoacetyl-ACP HOOCCH 2CO-S-ACP
Malonyl-ACP 2.7.1.40 Glutamate
Adenosyl
+ +
CH 3 SCH CH CH(NH )COO
S + 2 2
+ + SCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO 3
R-CH2COO 1.1.1.8 HO 2SCH 2CH(NH 3)COO
HOCH HOCH 2.3.1.41 HO3SCH 2CH(NH 3)COO
S-Adenosyl S-Adenosyl
ATP 4.4.1.15 HSO3- Cysteine Cysteate 2.1.1.10
CH3(CH2)n+2COS-CoA
6.2.1.3 3.1.2.20 FATTY ACID CH2OH CH2O P
2.3.1.39 .1.2 sulphinate 4.1 6.3.2 homocysteine 2.1.1.20 methionine
ACYL-CoA Glycerol
2.7.1.30
3-P-Glycerol KETONE BODIES
3.7 HO2SCH 2COCOO .1.2
9
.2 +
CH2SH (SAM)
(Cytosol) 3-Sulphinyl OOCCH(NH 3)CH2CH2CONHCHCOO
PYRUVATE
2.3.1.15 2.3.1.51 CH3COCH 3 CH3CH(OH)CH 2COO
HOOCCH 2CO-SCoA 1.4.1.1 + pyruvate HO2SCH 2CH2NH2
1.8.1.3
HO3SCH 2CH2NH2 -Glutamylcysteine
2.3.1.7
CH2O-CO-R Acetone 3-OH-Butyrate Malonyl-Co-A 1.2.4.1
2.6.1.2 CH3CH(NH3)COO Hypotaurine Taurine Glycine
Carnitine 3.1.1.3 CH2O-CO-R CH2O-CO-R
2.7.8.5 2.3.1.12 ALANINE 4.1.2.5
4.1.1.29
+ 6.3.2 +
CH2SH

L
R-CO-OCH 1.8.1.4 .3
R-CO-OCH R-CO-OCH 4.1.1.4 1.1.1.30 4.1.3. OOCCH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH(NH 3)COO OOCCH(NH 3)CH2CH2CONHCHCONHCH 2COO
O-Acyl-carnitine CH 3CO-S-ACP 4.1.1.9 18
CH2O-CO-R"
4.1.1.12 Succinylhomoserine Glutathione
I Triacylglycerol Diacyl
CH2OH CH2O P CH3COCH 2COO
Acetoacetate
Acetyl-ACP 1.1 +
CH3CH(OH)CH(NH 3)COO + + Bile Acids
P O-Acyl-carnitine FAT 2.3.1.20 glycerol 3.1.3.4 2.7.1.107
Phosphatidate
3.1.2.11 2.3.1.38
.1.2
7
2.6.1.18 POCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO
O-Phospho- 2.7.1.39Homoserine
HOCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO

I THREONINE
CH3COCOO- HOCH 2 C(CH 3)2COCOO
3.1.1.28 CH3CH(OH)COO
4.2.99.2 2.3.1.46 4.1.2.12
PYRUVATE 4.1.3. homoserine HCHO Oxopantoate
D CH3(CH2)n CH2CH2COSCoA

ACYL-CoA
LACTATE OHCCH 2COO- 18 1.1.1.3
CH3 CH3
CH3
+
CHCH(NH 3)COO 1.1.1.169
CH3(CH2)n CH=CHCOSCoA CH3(CH n CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3(CH2)n COCH 2COSCoA 4. Malonic
COO C (OH)CH(OH)COO
(Mitochondria) 1.3.99.3 4.2.1.17 1.1.1.35 2.3.1. NAD HOH 2. 4.2.1.16
CHCOCOO CH3
1.
D 2, 3-Enoyl-CoA 3-OH-Acyl-CoA 3-Oxoacyl-CoA 16
ATP 1.2.4.1
GDP
52 semi- CH3COC(OH)CH 3
2-Acetolactate
1.1.1.86
CH3
2-3-Dihydroxy 4.2.1.9 2-Oxo- 1.4.1.8 VALINE
CH3 2.6.1.32
HOCH 2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)COO

E 1.1.1.35 aldehyde
CH3(CH2)2CH2CH2COSCoA CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCOSCoA CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSCoA 2.3.1.12
1.3.99.3 4.2.1.17 2.3.1. 1.2.1.18 Pantoate
Hexanoyl-CoA 2, 3-Hexenoyl-CoA 3-OH-Hexanoyl-CoA 3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA 16 CO2 3.1.3.43
CO2
CH3CH2COCOO isovalerate isovalerate -Alanine
G 4.1.1.32
Oxobutyrate 3.5.1.22
6.4.1.1 CH3 CH3 CH3
1.2.1.25 6.3.2.1
2.3.1.9
R
CH3CH2CH2COSCoA CH3CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3COCH 2COSCoA CH3
1.3.99.2 4.2.1.55 1.1.1.157
Crotonoyl-CoA HOCH 2CHCOS-CoA- CH2 = CCOSCoA CH3CHCO-SCoA
Butanoyl-CoA 3-OH-Butanoyl-CoA Acetoacetyl-CoA NADH+H+ GTP
HOCH 2CHCOO
3.1.2.4
HOCH2 C(CH3)2CH(OH)CO NHCH 2CH2COO
A Odd C Fatty acids CH3COSCoA
4.1
.3.1 3-Hydroxy- 3-Hydroxy- 4.2.1.17 Methyl 1.3.99.3 Isobutyryl-CoA PANTOTHENATE
CH3 8
D CH 3CH2CH 2CH2COSCoA CH3CH2CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3CH2COCH 2COSCoA
4.1.3.5 ACETYL-CoA 31 isobutyrate Isobutyryl-CoA acrylyl-CoA
Pentanoyl-CoA Pentenoyl-CoA 3-OH-Pentanoyl-CoA
1.1.1.35
3-Oxopentanoyl-CoA NAD+ OHCCHCOO 1.1.1. 2.7.1.33
A .1.44
Methylmalonyl
CH3 CH3
CH 3
+
2.6.1.4 2.6
T semialdehyde CHCH(NH 3)COO P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH2COO
COO C(OH)CH(OH)COO CHCOCOO
4-P-Pantothenate
I
CH3CH2
CH 2O-CO-R 1.1.1.39 CH3CH2
CH2O-CO-R CH 2O-CO-R OHCCOO 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.4
CH3COC(OH)CH 2CH3
4.2.1.9
CH3CH2 2.6.1.32 Cysteine 6.3.2.5
O R'-CO-OCH O
OH OH R'-CO-OCH O COO R'-CO-OCH O
2.7.7.41 Glyoxylate -OOCCOCH COO-
2 2.3.1. 2-Aceto-2- 2:3-Di-OH- 2-Oxo-3-methyl ISOLEUCINE
hydroxy- 1.1.1.86 3-methylvalerate
CH2COO COO
+ 16
CH 2O PO CH 2CHNH 3
NADH+H+ OXALOACETATE 2.6.1.1 valerate
N CH2O-PO 1.3.99.7
- O Serine
CH2O POCMP
O
1.1.1.79
1.2.3.5
CH3C(OH)CH 2COSCoA
4.1.3.7 butyrate
P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCHCH 2SH
4-P-Pantothenylcysteine
O - HO OH 2.7.8.8 -OH--Methyl- CH2COO-
PHOSPHATIDYL CDP-diacyl HOCH 2COO 4.2.1.
18 NAD+ 4.1.3.8 C(OH)COO-
CH3 CH 3 CH3 CH 3 1.2.1.25
OH
2.7.8.11 Inositol glycerol Glycolate glutaryl-CoA
CH2COO-
CH3COCHCOSCoA CH3CH(OH)CHCOSCoA CH3CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH 2CHCOSCoA 4.1.1.36
Phosphatidyl SERINE 2-Methylaceto-1.1.1.35 2-Methyl-3-4.2.1.17Tiglyl-CoA 2 Methylbutyryl-
inositol CH2O-CO-R
1.2.1.21 HOOC-COOH
1.1.1.34
CITRATE acetyl-CoA hydroxy- 1.3.99.3
CoA P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCH 2CH 2SH
CH2O-CO-R CH 2O-CO-R Oxalate FMN I 4.1.3.2
R'-CO-OCH O O HCO-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O 2.7.8.5 HOCH 2CHO
I -OOCCHO 4.2.1.3
CH 3CH2COSCoA
butyryl-CoA 4-P-Pantetheine
P CH 2O-CO-R
4.1.1.65 CH2 O-POCH 2CH(OH)CH 2 O-P-OCH 2 CH2O-PO CH 2CHOHCH 2OH Glycol Glyoxylate CH(OH)COO- Propanoyl-CoA 2.7.7.3
- - CH2COO Cycle CHCOO-
H O
1.6.5.3

R'-CO-OCH O O- aldehyde 1.1.1.37 2.1.3.1 6.4.1.3 COOH +

O
Cardiolipin Phosphatidylglycerol CH3C(OH)CH 2CHO CH2COO-
C COOH
(CH3)2CHCH 2 CH(NH 3)COO
FMNH2 4.1.1.41
O
+
CH 2O P OCH 2CH2 NH 3
+ +
1.4.3.8 Mevaldate ISOCITRATE 5.1.99.1
(CH3)2CHC(OH)CH 2COO (CH3)2CHCHCH(OH)COO (CH3)2CHCH 2COCOO 2.6.1.6 ADP- OCH2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH2CO NHCH 2CH2SH
- POCH2CH2 NH3 + 2-Isopropyl- 3-Isopropyl- 1.1.1.85 Oxoleucine LEUCINE Dephospho-Coenzyme A
S
O CPP- OCH 2CH2 NH3 +
2.7.8.1 2.7.7.14 2.7.1.82 2H 4.1.3.1 4.2.1.33 1.4.1.9
CDP-Ethanolamine Ethanolamine-P HOCH 2CH 2NH 3
1.1.1.32 1.1.1.41 CH3 malate malate 2.7.1.24
P Phosphatidyl CH2OH Ethanolamine 2Fe -S CH3CH(OH)CH2CO.SCoA
ethanolamine (5 Clusters) MALATE OOC-CH-COSCoA
4.2.1.18
CH3 CH3 1.2.1.25
H
CH2O-CO-R HOCH O Methylmalonyl-CoA OOCCH 2C = CHCOSCoA CH3C = CHCOSCoA (CH3)2CHCH 2COSCoA P-ADP- OCH 2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCH 2CH2SH
A
CEPHALIN + CH3COCH 2CH2N(CH3 )3 -OOCCOCH CH COO-
4H+
4.1.1.71
4H+
HOCH O CH COO 2 2 6.4.1.4 1.3.99.10
O + CH2OPO CH2CH 2N(CH 3) Acetylcholine CH C(OH)CH
2
2-OXO- 3-Methyl- 3-Methyl- Isovaleryl-CoA
CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 - O
Glycerophosphocholine 3.1 3 2 CH2OH 1.6. 5.3 ASPARTATE 2.7.2 4.2.1.18 Coenzyme A
M
L CH2OCH=CHR
2.1.1.17
2.1.1.71 O - Lysolecithin 3.1.1.5 .4.2 Mevalonate 2H+ 4.2.1.2 GLUTARATE .4
1.1.1.3
glutaconyl-CoA crotonyl-CoA
I R-CO-OCH O
CH 2 O-CO-R
3.1.1.32
3.1.4.4 2.3.1.6 or 1.2.4.2
2.3.1.61
I
2.7.1.36
2H+ -
O
N
+ R'-CO-OCH 3.1.4.3 +
+ P OOCCH 2CH(NH3)COO
2.7.4.2 OOCCH=CHCOO-
P CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3
-
CH2OPOCH2CH2N(CH 3)3 + + +
FUMARATE
4.3.1.1
+

O
H
-
H2
O O CPP-O CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 OCH 2CH2 N(CH 3)3 HOCH 2CH2N(CH 3)3 Aspartyl-P 1.2 C C
OOCCH 2CH2CONH NH3

I Choline LECITHIN CDP-choline 2.7.7.15

Choline-P CHOLINE CH2COO UQH2 6.3.5.4 .1.1
1
HC CH 2 H 2C CH2 OOCCH 2CH2CONH OOCCHCH 2CH2CH 2CH-COO OOCCH-CH 2CH2CH2CHCOO

plasmalogen 1.3.1.35 2.7.8.2 2.7.1.32 + CH-COO CH-COO + +

FADH2
OOCC
D
OOCC
.3
2.7.8
-OOCCH2CH2CO.SCoA 5.1.99.1
3.1.4.12
OHCCH 2CH (NH3)COO N OOCCOCH 2CH2CH2CH-COO NH3 NH 3
CH3C(OH)CH 2CH2OPP +
N

S
Serine +NH + + + Diphospho- Fe-S 1.3.5.1 SUCCINYL-CoA 5.4.99.2 OOCCH 2CH2CHO Aspartyl 4.2.1.52 2, 3-Dihydro-1.3.1.26 Piperideine- N-Succinyl- 2.6.1.17 N-Succinyl-2, 6 3.5.1.18 Diamino- A
C
2.3.1.50 NH 3 NH 3 NH 3
3
mevalonate 6.2.1.4 1.2.1.16
Succinic Semialdehyde dipicolinate 2, 6-dicarboxylate 2-amino-6-oxo- diaminopimelate pimelate
CH 3(CH2)14COCHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2O- Galactose
pimelate
Dehydrosphinganin
1.1.1.102
Sphinganin 4-Sphingenin Psychosine Cyt.b FAD
-OOCCH2CH2COO-
SUCCINATE
semialdehyde OH
+ + + + + + 5.1.1
.7 I
Gangliosides UDP-Sugars Acyl-CoA
2.4.1.23 UQ II Glycine (CH3)3NCH2CH(OH)CH 2COO (CH3)3N(CH 2)3 CH2CH(NH 3)COO (CH3)3N(CH 2)3 CH2CH(NH 3)COO H2N(CH 2)4 CH(NH 3)COO
4.1.1.
20
D
3.5.1.23 Acyl-CoA 4.1.1.33 + Carnitine N6-Trimethyl- N6-Trimethyllysine
2.4.1.62
UDP-Galactose UQH2 2H+
2.3.1.37 H2NOCCH 2CH (NH3 COO
1.14.11.1 1.14.11.8 LYSINE 1.5.1.7 - 10
S
+
NHAcyl O
NHCOR
NHCOR Asparagine 2.6.1.19
3-OH-lysine
COO
CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2O PO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3
O - CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2O- Galactose CH2 5-Amino- +
NH CHCH 2CH2COO
2.7.8.3 levulinate OOCCH 2CH 2CH2COSCoA OOCCH 2CH2CH2COCOO OOCCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO
+ +
SPHINGOMYELIN 3.1.4.12 Ceramide 3.2.1.46 2.4.1.47 Cerebroside CH3C-CH2CH2OPP
2UQH2 UQH2 1.3.99.7 OHCCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO CH 2CH2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO

1.3.99.7 Isopentenyl-PP 1.10.2.2 + 4.1.1.70

Glutaryl-CoA 2-Oxoadipate 2.6.1.39
2-Aminoadipate 1.2.1.31 2-Aminoadipate 1.5.1.9
Saccharopine
4H+
CH3 R-CH(NH3) COO
OOCCH 2CH2CH2NH2 semialdehyde
(C5)
I CH3C = CHCH 2OPP
2e- 2UQ_ 2H+ 2-AMINO ACID 4-Aminobutyrate Adenosyl
.
S Lycopene (C40) Phytoene Dimethylallyl-PP III 1e- _ R-CO-COO (GABA) CH3-SCH 2CH2CHNH 2
H2N(CH 2)3NH(CH2)4NH (CH2)3NH2 +
(C40) (C5) 2.5.1.1 2e- UQ.
TRA

To Brain - VISION 2-OXO ACID Spermine S-Adenosylmethyl

O hv CH 3 CH3 Fe-S +
OOCCH 2CH 2CH (NH3) COO 1.
1.
15
thiopropylamine LEGEND
1e- 2.6.1.- 4.
P
NS

2.5.1.32 2.5.1.29 (Decarboxylated SAM)

-CAROTENE (C40) CH3C= CHCH 2 CH2C= CHCH 2OPP Cyt.bL Cyt.bH M
A

IN
R Metarhodopsin Rhodopsin O
CH2OPP Geranyl-PP AT I
ON
GLUTAMATE 2.7.2.
11 POOCCH CH CH(NH ) COO
+
2.5.1.22 Carbohydrates Amino Acids
E 1.13.11.21 CH3O CH3
Geranyl-geranyl-PP (C10) Cyt.c1 2 2 3 H2N(CH 2)4NH (CH2)3NH2
Biosynthesis Biosynthesis
COO- Opsin Glutamyl-P Degradation Degradation
N
CH3O
O
n (C20) 2UQ UQ Spermidine
Ubiquinone 2.5.1.10 1.10.2.2
O Retinoate
1.2.1.36
CHO (Coenzyme Q) OPP Cyt.c 1.4.1.2 1.4.1.14 3.5.1.2
6.3.1.2 1.2.1.41
Lipids Purines &
I trans-Retinal 5.2.1.3
11-cis-Retinal CHO Menaquinone CH2OH CH2 2.5.1.16 Biosynthesis Pyrimidines
D
Light Phytol (C20) or ting ATP NO3- NH4+ + Degradation Biosynthesis
1.1.1.105 1.1.1.105 nsp 3.6.1.34 synt H2NOCCH 2CH2CH (NH3) COO + H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
Retinol esters Plastoquinone CuA CuA +-
tra h 1.6.6.1 OHCCH 2CH 2CH(NH3) COO Degradation
S CH3
oscp 1.7.99.4 .7.1
1.7 .6.4 ATP
Glutamine
Glutamic
Putrescine
as

O Farnesyl-PP
H

HO CH 3 1.6 .1
e

NO2-
2.3.1.76
3.1.1.21
CH2OH
CH2OH
CH 3 O (C15)
Heme a 2H+ 18
.6
6.3.4.16
CO2 semialdehyde Vitamins Co-enzymes & Hormones
S
CH3 1. CH3COCOO OHCCOO Biosynthesis Degradation
5.2.1.7 O 6.3.5.5
.5

-Tocopherol
CH2 CH2
trans-Retinol 11-cis-Retinol Phylloquinone F1
5

2.5.1.21 Pyruvate Glyoxylate

3.

T Dark N2
6.

(Vitamin A) (Vitamin K) (Vitamin E) F6

CH CHCOO
H2NCOOP 2.6.1.13 Pentose Phosphate Pathway
E STEROIDS 2H+ CuB Heme a3 Carbamoyl-P +
N

2H + ATP H 2NCONHCH 2CH2CH2CH(NH3) COO Pyrroline-5-

R 2
ATP CITRULLINE carboxylate
4.1.3.16
Photosynthesis Dark Reactions
O 2e- 3 OOCCH(OH)CH 2COCOO
4.1.1.17
AD

Progesterone H 2.1.3.3
I AT 1.5.99.8
H 1.9.3.1
P

H 4-Hydroxy-
HO HO HO HO P +1 P i
CH2 CH2 Human Metabolism is identified as far possible by black arrows
Pi 1.5.1.2 2-oxoglutarate
D IV ADP +
H
1/ O 2.1.3.3 Biosynthesis Degradation
CHOLESTEROL Desmosterol Zymosterol
H
Lanosterol 5.4.99.7
Squalene 2 2 H+ + CH2 CHCOO
Pregnenolone H+ H2NCH2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO
S 1.14.99.7 (C30) H+
H+

F1 ORNITHINE
NH
2.6.1.23 COMPARTMENTATION
6.3.4.5
PROLINE
HEMOGLOBIN CHLOROPHYLL H+
COO-
COO-
H2 O 1.14.11.2
+ The "Backbone" of metabolism involves

P
COO- OOCCH(OH)CH 2CH(NH 3)COO GLYCOLYSIS in the CYTOPLASM,
F0 H2NCONH 2 OOCCHCH 2COO
CH2 CH2 CH2 COO-
COO- CH2
COO- CH2 2.1.4.1 UREA N 4-Hydroxy- the TCA CYCLE (mainly) in the Mitochondrial matrix
O
CH3 + HOCH CH2
CH CH CH3
H H2 CH3 CH CH2 H2 H+ H2NCNHCH 2CH 2CH2CH(NH3) COO glutamate and ATP FORMATION spanning the
TRA N S L O

CH CH2 CH2
2 -OOC CH2 H CH2 +
C C CH2 a H+ Glycine + H2C CHCOO
R
C 2
H3 C CH H3 C CH CH2 C H2NCH2C=O H+ H+
H+ 3.5.3.1 3.5.3.6 Arginino- N
MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE
H3 C CH2
H 2C CH2
5-Amino- s NH2 NO succinate 1.5.1.12
HOCH
nit
H
P
N N N N N N An electron flow (an electric current) generated from
10 c-sucb-u +
H H H H N N HC
1.14.13.39 CHCOO
COOlevulinate
HC Fe CH H2 C CH2 H2 C CH2
H H - H2NCNHCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO NADH and UQH2 drives the translocation of protons
H H H H H H 2C CH2 AT HYDROXY 3-Hydroxy-
N
from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
C

H+ H+ ARGININE
N N N N N N H H -OOC
E PROLINE The retrolocation of these protons through the F0 subunits
Y D PROTONS
N N CH 2
H3 C
C
CH3 H3 C CH3 H3 C CH3
H 2C CH2 H+ H+ pyrroline- of ATP synthase to the matrix then supplies the energy
C C CH 2 4.3.2.1
R
H2 C 4.2.1.24 5-carboxylate
CH2
H CH2 CH2 H2 CH2 CH2 H2 CH2
-
OOC
C
H2 COO- ADP Pi NH CO
needed to form ATP from ADP and phosphate
CH2 CH2
I
+ NH + NH2 HN C
+ NH2 Electron Flow Proton Flow
ATP
CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 H2 C N 2
X Y
CH2 CH2 N CH 2
H P- HNCN(CH 3)CH2COO 1.5.1.2
COO- COO- COO- COO- COO- COO- H2NCN(CH 3)CH2COO
N
H2NCNHCH 2COO
COO- COO- 2.1.1.2
H2 N 2.7.3.2 P-Creatine
CH3
Small Numbers ( eg. 2.4.6.7) refer to the IUBMBEnzyme
1.3.3.4 1.3.3.3 4.1.1.37 4.3.1.8 Guanidoacetate Creatine
S HEME Protoporphyrinogen Coproporphyrinogen Uroporphyrinogen Porphobilinogen E NDE
RGONIC REACTIO N 3.5.2.10
Creatinine Commission (EC) Reference Numbers of Enzymes
4.99.1.1 4.2.1.75

2003 International Union of Biochemistry and 22nd Edition Designed by Donald E. Nicholson, D.Sc.,
Molecular Biology www.iubmb.org The University of Leeds, England and Sigma-Aldrich Cat. No. M3782

Argentina
SIGMA-ALDRICH DE ARGENTINA S.A.
Free Tel: 0810 888 7446
Tel: (+54) 11 4556 1472
Fax: (+54) 11 4552 1698
Australia
SIGMA-ALDRICH PTY LTD.
Free Tel: 1800 800 097
Free Fax: 1800 800 096
Tel: (+61) 2 9841 0555
Fax: (+61) 2 9841 0500
Austria
SIGMA-ALDRICH HANDELS GmbH
Tel: (+43) 1 605 81 10
Fax: (+43) 1 605 81 20
sigma-aldrich.com/metpath
Belgium Chile Denmark Germany India Ireland Japan Mexico Norway Singapore Spain United Kingdom
SIGMA-ALDRICH NV/S.A. SIGMA-ALDRICH SIGMA-ALDRICH DENMARK A/S SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE GmbH SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMICALS SIGMA-ALDRICH IRELAND LTD. SIGMA-ALDRICH JAPAN K.K. SIGMA-ALDRICH QUMICA, S.A. de C.V. SIGMA-ALDRICH NORWAY AS SIGMA-ALDRICH PTE. LTD. SIGMA-ALDRICH QUMICA, S.A. SIGMA-ALDRICH COMPANY LTD.
Free Tel: 0800 14747 QUIMICA LIMITADA Tel: (+45) 43 56 59 00 Free Tel: 0800 51 55 000 PRIVATE LIMITED Free Tel: 1800 200 888 Tel: (+81) 3 5796 7300 Free Tel: 01 800 007 5300 Tel: (+47) 23 17 60 00 Tel: (+65) 6779 1200 Free Tel: 900 101 376 Free Tel: 0800 717 181
Free Fax: 0800 14745 Tel: (+56) 2 495 7395 Fax: (+45) 43 56 59 05 Free Fax: 0800 64 90 000 Telephone Free Fax: 1800 600 222 Fax: (+81) 3 5796 7315 Free Fax: 01 800 712 9920 Fax: (+47) 23 17 60 10 Fax: (+65) 6779 1822 Free Fax: 900 102 028 Free Fax: 0800 378 785
Tel: (+32) 3 899 13 01 Fax: (+56) 2 495 7396 Finland Tel: (+49) 89 6513 0 Bangalore: (+91) 80 6621 9400 Tel: (+353) 402 20370 Korea Tel: (+52) 722 276 1600 Poland Slovakia Tel: (+34) 91 661 99 77 Tel: (+44) 1747 833 000
Fax: (+32) 3 899 13 11 China SIGMA-ALDRICH FINLAND OY Fax: (+49) 89 6513 1160 New Delhi: (+91) 11 4358 8000 Fax: (+ 353) 402 20375 SIGMA-ALDRICH KOREA Fax: (+52) 722 276 1601 SIGMA-ALDRICH Sp. z o.o. SIGMA-ALDRICH spol. s r. o. Fax: (+34) 91 661 96 42 Fax: (+44) 1747 833 313
Brazil SIGMA-ALDRICH (SHANGHAI) Tel: (+358) 9 350 9250 Greece Mumbai: (+91) 22 2570 2364 Israel Free Tel: (+82) 80 023 7111 The Netherlands Tel: (+48) 61 829 01 00 Tel: (+421) 255 571 562 Sweden United States
SIGMA-ALDRICH BRASIL LTDA. TRADING CO. LTD. Fax: (+358) 9 350 92555 SIGMA-ALDRICH (O.M.) LTD. Hyderabad: (+91) 40 4015 5488 SIGMA-ALDRICH ISRAEL LTD. Free Fax: (+82) 80 023 8111 SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE BV Fax: (+48) 61 829 01 20 Fax: (+421) 255 571 564 SIGMA-ALDRICH SWEDEN AB SIGMA-ALDRICH
Free Tel: 0800 701 7425 Free Tel: 800 819 3336 Tel: (+30) 210 994 8010 Kolkata: (+91) 33 4013 8003 Free Tel: 1 800 70 2222 Tel: (+82) 31 329 9000 Free Tel: 0800 022 9088 Tel: (+46) 8 742 4200 Toll-Free: 800 325 3010
France Fax Portugal South Africa
Tel: (+55) 11 3732 3100 Tel: (+86) 21 6141 5566 SIGMA-ALDRICH CHIMIE S..r.l. Fax: (+30) 210 994 3831 Tel: (+972) 8 948 4100 Fax: (+82) 31 329 9090 Free Fax: 0800 022 9089 SIGMA-ALDRICH QUMICA, S.A. SIGMA-ALDRICH (PTY) LTD. Fax: (+46) 8 742 4243 Toll-Free Fax: 800 325 5052
Fax: (+55) 11 5522 9895 Fax: (+86) 21 6141 5567 Bangalore: (+91) 80 6621 9650 Fax: (+972) 8 948 4200 Tel: (+31) 78 620 5411 Tel: (+1) 314 771 5765
Free Tel: 0800 211 408 Hungary New Delhi: (+91) 11 4358 8001 Malaysia Free Tel: 800 202 180 Free Tel: 0800 1100 75 Switzerland
Canada Czech Republic Free Fax: 0800 031 052 SIGMA-ALDRICH Kft Italy SIGMA-ALDRICH (M) SDN. BHD Fax: (+31) 78 620 5421 Free Fax: 800 202 178 Free Fax: 0800 1100 79 SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE GmbH Fax: (+1) 314 771 5757
Mumbai: (+91) 22 2579 7589
SIGMA-ALDRICH CANADA LTD. SIGMA-ALDRICH spol. s r. o. Tel: (+33) 474 82 28 00 Ingyenes telefonszm: 06 80 355 355 Hyderabad: (+91) 40 4015 5466 SIGMA-ALDRICH S.r.l. Tel: (+60) 3 5635 3321 New Zealand Tel: (+351) 21 924 2555 Tel: (+27) 11 979 1188 Free Tel: 0800 80 00 80 Vietnam
Free Tel: 1800 565 1400 Tel: (+420) 246 003 200 Fax: (+33) 474 95 68 08 Ingyenes fax szm: 06 80 344 344 Kolkata: (+91) 33 4013 8016 Numero Verde: 800 827018 Fax: (+60) 3 5635 4116 SIGMA-ALDRICH NEW ZEALAND LTD. Fax: (+351) 21 924 2610 Fax: (+27) 11 979 1119 Free Fax: 0800 80 00 81 SIGMA-ALDRICH PTE LTD. VN R.O.
Free Fax: 1800 265 3858 Fax: (+420) 246 003 291 Tel: (+36) 1 235 9055 Tel: (+39) 02 3341 7310 Free Tel: 0800 936 666 Russia Tel: (+41) 81 755 2828 Tel: (+84) 3516 2810
Tel: (+1) 905 829 9500 Fax: (+36) 1 235 9050 Fax: (+39) 02 3801 0737 Free Fax: 0800 937 777 SIGMA-ALDRICH RUS, LLC Fax: (+41) 81 755 2815 Fax: (+84) 6258 4238
Fax: (+1) 905 829 9292 Tel: (+61) 2 9841 0555 Tel: (+7) 495 621 5579 Internet
Fax: (+61) 2 9841 0500 Fax: (+7) 495 621 5923 sigma-aldrich.com

XXX