11/11/2017 Units and Abbreviations

Produced by: Forestry Department

Title: Power and Heat Plants...
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Units and Abbreviations

Unit Explanation Conversion
a Year
bar Pressure (absolute) 1 bar = 0.1 MPa
1 bar = 1.02
kg/cm2
1 bar = 14.5 lb/sc
in
C Degree Celsius tC

d Day
h Hour
kg Kilogram 1 kg = 2.20 lb
kJ Kilojoule, Energy 1 kJ = 0.24 kcal
1 kJ = 0.95 Btu
1 TJ = 1000 GJ
1 TJ = 1 000 000
MJ
1 TJ = 1 000 000
000 kJ
kJ/kg Specific energy 1 kJ/kg = 0.43
Btu/lb
Heating value 1 kJ/kg = 0.24
kcal/kg
kW Kilowatt. Power 1 kW = 0.86
Mcal/h
1 kW = 1.36 hp
1 kW = 1.34 BHP
1 MW = 1 000 kW
1 MW = 3 410 000
Btu/hr
kWh Kilowatthour. Energy 1 kWh = 3600 kJ
1 kWh = 860 kcal

1 kWh = 3400 Btu

1 MWh = 1000 kWh

m3 Cubic meter. Volume. m3 refers to the solids volume. 1 solid m3 = 1 m3 = 35.3 cb ft

about 2.5 m3 of gravity packed "loose" wood waste

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MWh/m3 Specific energy. 1 = 860

MWh/m3 Mcal/m3
Heating value
1 = 96 600
MWh/m Btu/cb ft
3

t Metric ton. Weight 1t = 1000 kg

1t = 2200 Ib
1t = 1.016 Br.t
t/h Tonnes per hour. 1 t/h = 0.28 kg/s
1 t/h = 2200 lb/h
USD US dollar.

The term moisture indicates the water content in percent of the total weight. That means
that moisture is expressed on wet basis, which is the normal way in fuel contests. On the
other hand, in common forest industry vocabulary moisture often refers to the ratio
between the water content and the dry weight (dry basis). The relationship between wet
and dry basis moisture is shown in the following figure.

The relationship between wet and dry basis moisture

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