These are those agreements in which two parties are involved.

They are binding contracts between two

parties that accept and agree terms and conditions regarding something.

Always the agreement is the result of a debate, of a discussion, in which the intervening parties discuss
points of view in order to arrive at an agreement that satisfies the needs and demands of both parties
involved. It is also common that in some respects, each party must give up some demand in order to get
closer to the agreement more quickly.

At the international level of trade, it is the most recurrently appreciated that these so-called bilateral
agreements, in which two nations agree, agree something that benefits them, for example, the exchange
of certain products that occur in one country and not in the other and vice versa.

In international policy matters, these agreements can also be established between two countries, such as
when a nation needs to obtain sensitive information from another to resolve a judicial case and then
decide to sign a cooperation agreement in this regard
.

Regional integration is a multidimensional process whose expressions include coordination, cooperation,

convergence and deep integration initiatives, whose scope covers not only economic and commercial
issues, but also political, social, cultural and environmental issues.
It is increasingly common for countries to form groups and associations in the WTO. In many cases they
even act together using a single spokesperson or negotiating team. In the agriculture negotiations, well
over 20 coalitions have submitted proposals or negotiated with common positions and most of them
remain active. The growing number of coalitions involving developing countries reflects the broader
distribution of bargaining power in the WTO. There is a group that is considered politically symbolic of
this change, the G-20, composed of Argentina, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, South Africa, Thailand and many
other countries, but also other "G" groups that are Overlap and a group "C" - the Cotton Four (C4), which
is an alliance of sub-Saharan countries to promote trade reform in this sector

The creation of coalitions is partly the logical result of economic integration: customs unions, free trade
areas and common markets proliferate all over the world. It is also seen as a means for smaller countries
to have a stronger negotiating position vis--vis their larger trading partners and to ensure that they are
represented when consultations are held among smaller groups of Members. Sometimes, when groups
of countries adopt common positions, it is easier to reach consensus. At other times, groups are formed
specifically to arrive at a compromise formula and to overcome a stagnation situation, rather than to
stand firm in a common position. But there are no firm and stringent rules regarding the effects of clusters
in the WTO.
The largest and most comprehensive of these groups is the European Union and its 28 Member States.
The EU is a customs union with a common foreign trade policy and tariff. Although the Member States
coordinate their position in Brussels and Geneva, only the European Commission speaks on behalf of the
EU at almost all WTO meetings. The EU is a member of the WTO in its own right, as are each of its Member
States

The degree of economic integration has hitherto been lower in the case of the member countries of the
Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN): Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore And Viet Nam. (The remaining ASEAN member Laos has applied for WTO
accession.) However, they have many common commercial interests and can often coordinate their
positions and speak with a single spokesperson. The spokesperson role is rotating among ASEAN members
and can be shared according to the topic being examined. MERCOSUR, Common Market of the South
(Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela, with Bolivia and Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru
as associate members) has a similar organization. More recent regional economic integration initiatives
have not yet reached the stage where their components often have a single spokesperson on the issues
dealt with under the WTO. Examples include the North American Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA (Canada,
the United States and Mexico). Other groups that sometimes make joint statements include the African
Group, the Least Developed Countries, the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States and the
Latin American Economic System (SELA).

A different association of all kinds is the Cairns Group, which was established shortly before the Uruguay
Round began in 1986 to defend the liberalization of trade in agricultural products. The Group, which
became a third major force in the talks on agriculture, remains active. Its members, although diverse, have
a common goal - that agriculture must be liberalized - and a common opinion: that they lack the resources
to compete with larger countries in the area of domestic subsidies and export subsidies

The United States, Mexico and Canada agreed to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA or NAFTA), the White House announced on the night of Wednesday, April 26, 2017, thus leading
to versions suggesting that the Government planned to withdraw Of the treaty. Mexican President
Enrique Pea Nieto, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and US President Donald Trump spoke on
the telephone and "agreed not to end NAFTA at this time," the White House said. Instead, the leaders
agreed to "proceed swiftly ... to enable the renegotiation of NAFTA for the benefit of the three countries,"
the statement said