Overhead

Amendment no.
0
(Supersedes MDI 0012.am5)
Mains Design Instruction
Overhead transmission
mains design
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER
As the information contained in this publication is subject to change from time to time,
Endeavour Energy gives no warranty that the information is correct or complete or is
a definitive statement of procedures. Endeavour Energy reserves the right to vary
the content of this publication as and when required. You should make independent
inquiries to satisfy yourself as to correctness and currency of the content. Endeavour
Energy expressly disclaims all and any liability to any persons whatsoever in respect
of anything done or not done by any such person in reliance, whether in whole or in
part, on this document.
Document no. MDI 0047

Amendment no. 0
(Supersedes MDI 0012.am5)
51 Huntingwood Drive, Huntingwood NSW 2148

Postal address: PO Box 811 Seven Hills NSW 1730
Phone: 131 318 Fax: (02) 9853 6000
Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014

MAINS DESIGN INSTRUCTION
Document no. MDI 0047
Amendment no. 0
PRIMARY SYSTEMS Approved by MPS
Approval date 12 December 2014
MDI 0047 Overhead transmission mains design

Contents
1.0 PURPOSE .................................................................................................... 4
2.0 SCOPE ......................................................................................................... 4
3.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 4
4.0 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................ 4
5.0 ACTIONS ..................................................................................................... 5
5.1 Wind Load .................................................................................................... 5
5.1.1 Serviceability wind loads............................................................................... 5
5.1.2 Ultimate wind loads ...................................................................................... 5
5.1.2.1 Security level and design life ........................................................................ 6
5.1.2.2 Regional wind speed .................................................................................... 6
5.1.2.3 Multipliers ..................................................................................................... 6
5.1.2.4 Calculating site wind speed and pressure ..................................................... 7
5.1.3 Drag coefficients ........................................................................................... 8
5.2 Design Temperatures ................................................................................... 9
5.2.1 Maximum design temperature ...................................................................... 9
5.2.2 Minimum design temperature ....................................................................... 9
5.2.3 Temperature under wind loading .................................................................. 9
5.3 Limit State Design ........................................................................................ 9
5.3.1 Load conditions and load factors .................................................................. 9
5.3.2 Component strength factors.......................................................................... 10
5.3.2.1 Degradation of wooden poles and crossarms ............................................... 11
5.4 Joint-use Poles ............................................................................................. 12
5.4.1 Allowance for distribution mains ................................................................... 12
5.4.2 Special requirements for low voltage assets on conductive poles ................. 12
5.4.3 Distribution assets on transmission poles ..................................................... 12
5.5 Clearances ................................................................................................... 13
5.5.1 Minimum clearance from ground .................................................................. 13
5.5.2 Minimum clearance over railways ................................................................. 13
5.5.3 Clearance to non-electrical infrastructure...................................................... 13
5.5.4 Clearance to structures................................................................................. 14
5.5.5 Clearance to inter-span poles ....................................................................... 14
5.5.6 Conductor separation ................................................................................... 15
5.5.6.1 Voltage for calculating minimum conductor separation ................................. 16
5.5.6.2 Separation at mid-span................................................................................. 17
5.5.6.3 Separation at any point in the span............................................................... 17
5.5.7 Unattached crossing ..................................................................................... 17
5.5.7.1 Normal conditions clearance......................................................................... 17
MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 2 of 31

Overhead transmission mains design Amendment no. 0
5.5.7.2 Dynamic loading clearance ........................................................................... 18

5.5.8 Separation between circuits on the same structure ....................................... 18
5.6 Lightning Protection ...................................................................................... 20
5.6.1 Overhead earthwires .................................................................................... 20
5.6.2 Shielding angle ............................................................................................. 20
5.7 Earthing ........................................................................................................ 20
5.7.1 Structure earthing ......................................................................................... 20
5.8 Easements ................................................................................................... 20
5.9 Stays ............................................................................................................ 20
5.10 Railway Crossings ........................................................................................ 21
5.11 Line Design Software.................................................................................... 21
6.0 AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................... 22
7.0 DOCUMENT CONTROL .............................................................................. 22
ANNEXURE 1 DRAWINGS ................................................................................... 23

1.0 PURPOSE
This document defines standard parameters and requirements to be used for the design
of overhead transmission lines in Endeavour Energys franchise area.
2.0 SCOPE
This document applies to 33 kV, 66 kV, and 132 kV overhead lines.
This document applies to pole lines only; tower lines are excluded from the scope of this
document.
3.0 REFERENCES
Company Policy 9.2.5 Network Asset Design
Company Policy 9.2.10 Network Asset Ratings
Earthing Design Instruction EDI 001 Earthing design risk assessment
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0031 Overhead distribution: Design standards manual
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0042 Overhead conductor ratings
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0044 Easements and Property Tenure Rights
Division Procedure (Network) GNV 1062 - Granting Dispensation from Network
Standards
Network Management Plan December 2013 Review
ENA National Electricity Network Safety Code (Doc 001-2008)
AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 - Structural design actions - Part 2: Wind actions
AS/NZS 7000:2010 - Overhead line design Detailed procedures
HB 331-2012 Handbook Overhead line design
RailCorp EP 10 01 00 05 SP Requirements for Electric Aerials Crossing RailCorp
Infrastructure
4.0 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Distribution nominal phase-to-phase voltages up to and including 22 kV
OHEW overhead earth wire
OPGW optical fibre ground wire
ultimate (design) wind pressure (Pa)
Transmission nominal phase-to-phase voltages 33 kV and above
regional wind speed (m/s)

5.0 ACTIONS
This document provides the design parameters, limitations and requirements that shall
be used for all overhead lines covered within Section 2.0 of this document.
Designs shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 7000 Overhead line design Detailed
procedures. Where the requirements of AS/NZS 7000 and this document differ, the
requirements of this document shall take precedence.
All new overhead transmission lines shall comply with the requirements of this standard.
Where any of the requirements of this document cannot be met, dispensation shall be
requested (in accordance with Division Procedure GNV 1062 - Granting Dispensation
from Network Standards) from the Network Mains Manager prior to approval of the
design.
Existing transmission lines being relocated or augmented (in part or full) shall comply
with the requirements of this standard. Dispensation shall be requested where it is
proposed to rebuild or augment a feeder in accordance with an older standard.
All requests for dispensation shall be submitted as early as possible to allow appropriate
consideration to be given to all alternatives.
5.1 Wind loading

Serviceability and ultimate wind loads shall be considered for structures, conductors,
insulators and electrical clearances.
5.1.1 Serviceability wind loads

Three serviceability states are defined and shall be considered:
Low 100 Pa
Under low wind conditions the clearance shall be sufficient for
maintenance activities and live line work to be carried out.
Moderate 300 Pa
Under moderate wind conditions the clearance shall be sufficient to
withstand lightning impulse and switching over-voltages.
High 500 Pa
Under high wind conditions the clearance shall withstand the highest
power frequency temporary / dynamic voltages.
5.1.2 Ultimate wind loads

The ultimate wind load ( ), also called the design wind load, is dependent upon a
number of factors including the security level of the feeder and the terrain / topography of
the site. The minimum value to be used is 900 Pa, however the process as outlined
below shall be followed to determine the appropriate ultimate wind value for a particular
project.
The design wind load (including any details necessary to derive it such as the multipliers
and security level) shall be documented as part of the design and noted on the design
drawing.
When determining the design wind load, the requirements and guidance in
AS/NZS 1170.2, AS/NZS 7000 Appendix B and HB 331 Sections 7.6 & 7.7 shall be
considered in addition to the requirements of this standard. Where there is any conflict
between the documents, the requirements of this standard prevail.

5.1.2.1 Security level and design life
Overhead lines shall be designed for the following security level and design life as a
minimum:
Security level 1: Level II
Design life: 50 years
The above requirements result in a minimum wind return period of 100 years 2.
At the discretion of the Capacity Planning Manager, critical feeders may be designated
security level III, corresponding to a wind return period of 200 years.
5.1.2.2 Regional wind speed
AS/NZS 1170.2 Section 3.2 specifies regional wind speeds for Australia and New
Zealand. Endeavour Energys network falls within Region A, with a corresponding
regional wind speed (VR) of 41m/s for a 100 year wind return period and 43m/s for a 200
year wind return period.
5.1.2.3 Multipliers
Multipliers are used to adapt the regional wind speed to site specific conditions
considering factors such as terrain, topography and height of structures and conductors
above the ground.
Different terrains and topographies may be encountered along the length of a feeder.
Every structure/span shall be designed using multipliers that are, at a minimum,
appropriate for the immediate area in which it is located. Generally a single set of
multipliers sufficient to cover the most onerous conditions anywhere on the feeder should
be selected and applied to the whole feeder. More than one set of multipliers shall only
be used where it is not technically or economically viable to use a single set.
The four multipliers are defined as follows:
Wind direction multiplier ( ):
Wind from all directions shall be considered. = 1.00 in all cases.
Terrain/height multiplier ( ):
Most sites fall under terrain category 2 or 3, and with a typical height above
ground of 20m this corresponds to a terrain/height multiplier of 0.94 or 1.08. A
larger multiplier shall be selected for category 1 terrains and/or where the
structure or conductor height is greater than 20m. Refer to AS/NZS 1170.2
Section 4.2 for further guidance on selection of this multiplier. Under no
circumstances shall a terrain/height multiplier smaller than 0.94 be selected.
Shielding multiplier ( ):
No shielding shall be assumed. = 1.00 in all cases.
Topographic multiplier ( ):
The minimum value of the topographic multiplier is 1.00 which is suitable for sites
with an average slope less than 5% (i.e. 1m vertical rise over 20m horizontally).
A larger multiplier shall be selected for sites on or near hills, ridges, escarpments,
etc. in accordance with AS/NZS 1170.2 Section 4.4.
1
Security levels are defined in AS/NZS 7000 Clause 6.2.2
2
Wind return periods are given in AS/NZS 7000 Table 6.1

5.1.2.4 Calculating site wind speed and pressure
The site wind speed is calculated by multiplying the regional wind speed by the site
multipliers: 3
=
Wind pressure ( ) is then calculated as follows, where the air density shall be taken as
1.2kg/m3 : 4
1 2
=
2
Example:
The two most common sets of multipliers used both have = = = 1.0 and differ
only in = 0.94 or = 1.08. The site wind speed and pressure corresponding to each
of these cases can be derived as follows:
3
AS/NZS 7000 Equation B1
4
AS/NZS 7000 Equation B3

= 0.94 = 1.08
= =
= 41 1.00 0.94 1.00 1.00 = 41 1.00 1.08 1.00 1.00
= 38.5 m/s = 44.3 m/s
1 2 1 2
= 2 = 2
= 0.5 1.2 38.52 = 0.5 1.2 44.32
= 889 = 1177
900 1200
5.1.3 Drag coefficients

When calculating the wind action on a component, the drag coefficient for that
component shall be considered. The drag coefficients in Table 1 shall be used.
Drag
Component coefficient
(C d )
Pole concrete 1.0
Pole wood 1.3
Pole steel (round) 1.0
Pole steel (polygon) 1.4
5
Pole UG/OH 1.3
6
Crossarm 2.2
Conductor 1.0
Insulator 1.2
7
Table 1 - Drag coefficients
Example
An ultimate wind pressure of 1200 Pa acting on a wood pole:
=
= 1.3 1200
= 1560 Pa
5
AS/NZS 1170.2 Table E3 Note 3, increased to 1.3 to match wood poles
6
AS/NZS 1170.2 Table E4
7
HB 331 Table 7.1 except as noted

5.2 Design temperatures

Design temperatures are nominal temperatures specified for the purpose of designing a
line. Operating temperatures of lines are distinct from the design temperature and shall
be in accordance with Mains Design Instruction MDI 0042 - Overhead conductor ratings.
5.2.1 Maximum design temperature

Lines shall be designed with a maximum operating temperature of 100C.
5.2.2 Minimum design temperature

A minimum temperature of 5C shall be used for the purpose of determining clearances.
This corresponds to the everyday loading condition.
A minimum temperature of 0C shall be used for the purpose of determining structural
loads. This corresponds to the cold loading condition.
5.2.3 Temperature under wind loading

Conductor temperature under wind loading shall be taken as 50C. This is used for
calculations such as clearance to vegetation and private property boundaries under
conductor blowout.
5.3 Limit state design

Structural designs shall be based on the limit state design principle, as described in
AS/NZS 7000.
5.3.1 Load conditions and load factors

Table 2 specifies the load conditions and corresponding factors that shall be considered
when designing overhead lines.
The loading conditions are designed to provide due consideration for all possible service
conditions that a line may be subjected to throughout its service life.
The load factors are defined as follows:
Ft horizontal component of conductor tension at the specified wind loading and
temperature 8
Gs vertical loads on poles, cross-arms, insulators etc. due to their own weight
plus all ancillaries and attachments
Gc vertical loads of conductors and attachments such as marker balls and
vibration dampers
Q live loads associated with construction and maintenance activities
8
Ft is a simplification of Ftw and Fte defined in AS/NZS 7000 Section 7.

Loading Condition Load Factors

Temperature
Description Wind Ft Gs Gc Q
(C)
Ultimate Ultimate 15 1.25
Everyday None 5 1.10
Cold None 0 1.25 1.25
Snow / Ice 9
Low -5 1.10 N/A
1.10
Failure
Ultimate25% 15 1.25
containment
Serviceability Low 5 1.00 1.10
Maintenance Low 15 1.50 1.50 2.0
Table 2 Load conditions and load factors
5.3.2 Component strength factors

Strength reduction factors take into account variability of materials and workmanship for
structural components and are derived through a combination of testing and industry
experience.
The design strength of a component shall be determined by multiplying its nominal
(ultimate) strength by the relevant strength reduction factor in Table 3.
9
Only applies in locations that may be subject to snow or ice. Assume a radial ice thickness of
6 mm and density of 931 kg/m.

Strength reduction
Component Limit state
factor
Steel poles and
Strength 0.9
crossarms
Fasteners Strength 0.9
Strength - combined bending
0.9
and compression
Concrete poles Serviceability first crack 0.4
Serviceability zero tension 0.25
Wood poles and Strength 0.31

members 10 Serviceability 0.17
Fittings and pins,
Strength 0.8
forged or fabricated
Fittings, cast Strength 0.75
Synthetic insulators - Strength - long term 0.4

suspension and
strain Strength - short term ultimate 0.7
Synthetic insulators - Strength - MDCL 0.9

line posts Serviceability 0.3
Foundations Strength 0.5
Strength 0.7
Conductors
Serviceability 0.5
Stay cables Strength 0.8
Stay anchors Strength 0.4

11
Table 3 - Component strength factors
5.3.2.1 Degradation of wooden poles and crossarms

As wooden poles and crossarms are expected to undergo degradation and lose strength
over time, an additional strength reduction factor of 0.5 has been included when
determining the strength reduction factors in Table 3.
Note: pole nameplates (discs) may specify the working strength and/or the ultimate
strength of the pole. It is the ultimate strength that a strength reduction factor is applied
to.
10
Refer to Section 5.3.2.1 for additional detail and requirements
11
Based on AS/NZS 7000 Table 6.2

5.4 Joint-use poles
5.4.1 Allowance for distribution mains

Transmission poles shall be sufficiently tall to permit the future installation of 11/22 kV
mains on the same poles.
Dispensation from this requirement may be granted where there is no foreseeable need
for distribution mains on the transmission poles. In such cases, written confirmation shall
be obtained from the Capacity Planning Manager.
5.4.2 Special requirements for low voltage assets on conductive poles

If an LV asset (including street lighting) is proposed to be installed on a joint-use
conductive pole then it shall be adequately insulated from the pole to prevent the transfer
of EPR under fault conditions.
The insulation shall have a wet power frequency withstand voltage of at least 20 kV.
This is suitable for the majority of cases, specifically lines covered by the following
criteria:
up to 20 footing resistance
any transmission voltage (33 kV, 66 kV or 132 kV)
presence of an OHEW for at least 1.5 km in both directions (or bonded to the
substation earth mat if within 1.5 km)
If any of the above criteria are not met then analysis shall be carried out to determine the
required insulation level.
5.4.3 Distribution assets on transmission poles

To prevent transfer of potential during faults, distribution assets requiring an earth
connection shall not be installed on conductive transmission poles. Where no alternative
is available, dispensation shall be sought from the Earthing and Power Quality Manager.
Distribution assets requiring an earth connection may be installed on non-conductive
transmission poles, however this is not the preferred option and should be avoided
wherever possible. In situations where this arrangement is to be used, the distribution
earth shall be double insulated and run in the opposite direction to the transmission earth
away from the pole for a minimum of 15 meters.
Table 4 summarises these requirements for a range of common distribution assets.
Earth connection Installation on Installation on

Equipment type
required conductive pole nonconductive pole
Air break switch
No Permitted Permitted
Underslung links
Load break switch
Pole top transformer
Yes Not permitted Avoid where possible
Recloser
UG/OH termination
Table 4 Installation of distribution assets on transmission poles

5.5 Clearances
5.5.1 Minimum clearance from ground
Overhead lines shall be designed so that the distance from conductors to level or sloping
ground in any direction from any position to which any part of such conductors may either
sag at maximum design temperature or move as a result of wind pressure (500 Pa,
conductor temperature 50C) is not less than the distances specified in Table 5.
The clearances in Table 5 are deemed to be nominal and include a 400mm allowance for
design and construction tolerances. Under all circumstances overhead lines shall be
designed to, at a minimum, achieve the relevant clearances in Table 5. The clearance
achieved after construction will be deemed acceptable if it does not fall below the
nominal clearance (in Table 5) by more than 400mm.
NOTE: the distances specified in Table 5 are final conditions for conductors that have
aged. When conductors are first erected, an allowance shall be made for strand settling
and conductor creep.
Over Over all other

Over
highways, roads and
Voltage non-traversable
motorways traversable
(kV) land 12
and freeways land
(m)
(m) (m)
33 5.3
66 9.0 7.5
6.3
132
13
Table 5 - Minimum clearance from ground
5.5.2 Minimum clearance over railways

The height of conductors passing over railway assets shall not be less than that shown in
Table 6.
Above non- Above 1500V DC
Voltage
electrified tracks overhead wiring
(kV)
(m) (m)
33 8.8 3.7
66 8.8 4.5
132 10.7 4.5
14
Table 6 - Minimum clearance over railway lines
5.5.3 Clearance to non-electrical infrastructure

Clearances to non-electrical infrastructure such as buildings shall be maintained in
accordance with Drawing no. 086232 Overhead lines - minimum clearances near
structures.
12
Land which due to its steepness or swampiness is not traversable by vehicles more than
3 metres in height
13
Based on AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.6 with an additional allowance of 800 mm
14
Based on RailCorp EP 10 01 00 05 SP Section 5.4.6

5.5.4 Clearance to structures

Structure geometries and clearances have been determined with the following
assumptions:
Live line maintenance or inspection shall NOT be carried out from the structure
There is NOT sufficient horizontal clearance between circuits or between the
structure and energised conductors to allow the structure to be climbed live
NOTE: this does not prohibit live-line work from an elevated work platform (EWP).
NOTE: this does not prohibit climbing a structure with energised lines so long as vertical
clearance to energised components is maintained.
Minimum clearances in accordance with Table 7 shall be maintained between structures
and all energised components to prevent flashover.
Where wind loading does not impact the clearances to structures, for example
constructions with post insulators, clearances for moderate wind loading apply.
Where wind loading impacts the clearance to structures, for example suspension
insulators that may swing towards the structure, the clearance shall be checked under
both moderate and high wind loading conditions. For the high wind condition, a reduced
clearance may apply as shown in Table 7.
Minimum Minimum
Nominal voltage clearance under clearance under
(kV, Ph-Ph) moderate wind 15 high wind16
(mm) (mm)
33 380 180
66 690 280
132 1300 500
17
Table 7 Minimum clearance to prevent flashover
Clearance between two components shall be measured between the closest points on
those components. This means for example that clearance must be calculated to the
surface of a pole (or pole step) rather than the centre, so where calculations are based
on the centre-line it will be necessary to add the pole radius to the required clearance.
5.5.5 Clearance to inter-span poles

Where inter-span poles are installed to support distribution assets or streetlights,
sufficient clearance to the upper circuit shall be provided so that work may be carried out
on the inter-span pole without requiring an outage of the upper circuit (see Figure 1).
Table 8 specifies the minimum clearance that shall be provided between the upper circuit
at its maximum design temperature (for example 100C) and the inter-span pole.
15
Relates to lightning/switching impulse flashover distance
16
Relates to power frequency flashover distance
17
AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.4 - based on lightning impulse flashover distance; this is sufficient to
cover switching surge and power frequency flashover as well.

Upper circuit at
max. operating
temperature
See table for

minimum
clearance
Distribution or
streetlighting
pole
18
Figure 1 - Clearance to inter-span poles
Voltage Minimum clearance

(kV) (mm)
33 1500
66 1500
132 2000
19
Table 8 - Clearance to interspan poles
5.5.6 Conductor separation

To minimise the risk of clashing or flashover between conductors, minimum clearance
shall be provided in accordance with Sections 5.5.6.2 and 5.5.6.3 of this document, as
shown in Figure 2.
Clearance may be achieved by horizontal separation and/or vertical separation, giving
regard to the fact that vertical separation is more effective at preventing clashing.
For conductors of different circuits, conductor separation shall be calculated with the
upper circuit at maximum design temperature and the lower circuit at the minimum
design temperature.
18
Adapted from AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.8
19
Based on 500mm allowance in addition to safe approach distances from Endeavour Energy
Electrical Safety Rules

(a) See clause 5.5.6.2

(b) See clause 5.5.6.3
20
Figure 2 - Minimum conductor separation
Notation used in following sections:

U: the RMS vector difference in potential (kV) between the two conductors (refer to
Section 5.5.6.1 for more detail)
X: the projected horizontal distance between the conductors at the point under
consideration
Y: the projected vertical distance between the conductors at the point under
consideration
D: the greater of the two conductor sags at the centre of an equivalent level span at
an average conductor operating temperature under load (typically 50C but may
be higher for high temperature conductors)
L: the length of any free swing suspension insulator associated with either conductor
(zero otherwise)
5.5.6.1 Voltage for calculating minimum conductor separation
For conductors of the same circuit, the vector difference in potential shall be taken as the
nominal phase-to-phase voltage of the circuit (for example 33 kV).
For conductors of different circuits, the vector difference in potential shall be taken as the
sum of the phase-to-earth voltages of each circuit. This allows for any phase difference
between different voltages on the network (due to delta-star transformers for instance)
and any combination of phase transpositions along either of the circuits. It is not
acceptable to assume that there is no phase difference between conductors of different
circuits.
20
Adapted from AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.6

Example:
Conductors of a 33 kV circuit and conductors of an 11 kV circuit are assumed to have a
difference in potential of:
33 11
U= + = 25.4 kV
3 3
5.5.6.2 Separation at mid-span
Any two conductors having a difference in voltage shall meet the following requirement at
the centre of the span 21:
X 2 + (1.2Y )
U
+ 0.55 D + L
2
150
5.5.6.3 Separation at any point in the span
Any two conductors having a difference in voltage shall meet the following requirement at
all points in a span 22:
U
X 2 + (1.2Y ) 2 0.27 +
100
5.5.7 Unattached crossing

Separation between conductors of different circuits on different supports shall be
provided to prevent circuit to circuit flashover at the point of crossing.
The vertical separation between any conductor of the higher circuit and any conductor of
the lower circuit shall meet the requirements set out in Section 5.5.7.1 and Section
5.5.7.2 of this document.
5.5.7.1 Normal conditions clearance
Three conditions shall be considered, as shown in Table 9.
Wind Upper conductor Lower conductor
condition temperature temperature Minimum separation
(Pa) (C) (C)
Maximum design Minimum design
0 Refer to Table 10 (no wind)
temperature temperature
Minimum design
100 50 Refer to Table 10 (wind)
temperature
Minimum design
500 50 Power frequency clearance
temperature
23
Table 9 - Conditions for determining clearances
Based on AS/NZS 7000 Equation 3.1 using k = 0.55

21
22
Simplified form of AS/NZS 7000 Equation 3.3 using q = 0.01
23
AS/NZS 7000 Section 3.7.1.4

Upper circuit
Lower circuit Condition 132 kV 66 kV 33 kV
(m) (m) (m)
no wind 2.4 - -
132 kV
wind 1.5 - -
no wind 2.4 1.8 -
66 kV
wind 1.5 0.8 -
LV, 11 kV, 22 kV, 33 kV no wind 2.4 1.8 1.2
(bare, covered, insulated) wind 1.5 0.8 0.5
Other cables no wind 2.4 1.8 1.2
(conductive or non-conductive) wind 1.5 0.8 0.5
24
Table 10 - Minimum vertical separation for unattached crossings
5.5.7.2 Dynamic loading clearance

The vertical separation at the crossing point should be twice the sag of the lower circuit
at the crossing point when both conductors are at their maximum operating temperature.
Refer to Figure 3.
25
Figure 3 - Dynamic loading clearance for unattached crossings
5.5.8 Separation between circuits on the same structure

Separation between conductors of different circuits on the same structure is required to
prevent circuit to circuit flashover and to permit work to be carried out on the lower circuit
without requiring an outage of the upper circuit. These separations apply to both
attached crossings (two circuits approximately perpendicular to each other) and shared
spans (two circuits approximately parallel to each other).
24
Simplified from AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.1
25
AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.3

Vertical separation between conductors of different circuits on the same structure shall
not be less than that specified in Table 11.
NOTE: a larger separation may be required in order to meet the requirements of
Section 5.5.6.
Upper circuit
Lower circuit
132 kV 66 kV 33 kV
(m) (m) (m)
132 kV - -
66 kV -
11 kV, 22 kV, 33 kV
(bare, covered, insulated) 2.4
1.8
LV 1.8
Other cables
(conductive or non-conductive)
26
Table 11 - Minimum vertical separation for attached crossings
26
Derived from Endeavour Energy Electrical Safety Rules Table A and AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.3,
with an allowance for EWP access.

5.6 Lightning protection
5.6.1 Overhead earthwires

An overhead earthwire (OHEW) shall be installed along the full length of all overhead
sections of feeders covered in the scope of this document.
OPGW shall be utilised unless dispensation is obtained from the Network Mains
Manager.
5.6.2 Shielding angle

The optimal shielding angle in terms of reliability and practicality has been determined to
be 35 for Endeavour Energys franchise area. This is applicable to all feeders covered
in the scope of this document. Targeting a smaller shielding angle is generally not cost
effective however may be warranted for particularly tall or otherwise susceptible poles.
5.7 Earthing
Earthing Design Instructions such as EDI 001 Earthing design risk assessment are the
primary reference for earthing requirements associated with network safety. Where an
Earthing Design Instruction nominates a lower earthing resistance than this document,
the lower value shall be achieved.
5.7.1 Structure earthing
For reliability and network performance purposes structures shall be earthed in
accordance with Table 12 below. Non-conductive poles not carrying an earthwire are
exempt from this requirement.
Maximum AC
Soil
earthing
resistivity
resistance
(m)
()
100 10
100 - 500 15
500 - 1000 20
1000 - 2000 25
2000 - 3000 30
> 3000 See below
Table 12 - AC earthing resistance
In locations where the soil resistivity is greater than 3000m, a report detailing the
number of poles affected and predicted impact to reliability shall be submitted to the
Network Mains Manager for review.
5.8 Easements
Refer to MDI 0044 Easements and Property Tenure Rights.
5.9 Stays
Ground stays may pose a trip hazard or electric shock hazard. As such they shall not be
installed on footpaths, road reserves, or other locations where members of the public are
likely to come into contact with the stay wire.

5.10 Railway crossings

Railway crossings or use of a railway corridor require approval from the Network Mains
Manager before being agreed or committed to.
Where new and/or additional assets are proposed to be installed within property owned
or managed by the Railway, the following documentation shall be submitted for review:
A list of all alternative options considered;
Justification that the rail property crossing is the only feasible/practical option;
Plan and profile drawings showing all existing and proposed assets in the vicinity of
the crossing
Details of the constructions and location of poles on either side of the crossing;
Details of any future stages/proposed use of the crossing.
In addition to all other requirements, spans that cross railway tracks shall also comply
with RailCorp Engineering Standard EP 10 01 00 05 SP Requirements for Electric
Aerials Crossing RailCorp Infrastructure. Details of a proposed crossing shall be
submitted to RailCorp for approval in accordance with Section 5.10 of the above
document.
5.11 Line design software
The overhead line design software package used by Endeavour Energy is PLS-CADD,
developed by Power Line Systems. All designs carried out electronically shall be
produced using PLS-CADD. The related software PLS-Pole, PLS-Tower, shall also be
utilised as necessary.
All PLS-CADD files associated with a design shall be submitted to Endeavour Energy for
archiving.
PLS-CADD compatible files containing weather cases, criteria, standard structures, parts
and conductors used by Endeavour Energy will be made available to designers via the
Endeavour Energy standards website.

6.0 AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The Chief Engineer has the authority and responsibility for approving this instruction and
approving variations from the requirements of this instruction.
The General Manager Network Development has the authority and responsibility for
overseeing that all designs carried out under his responsibility conform to the
requirements of this instruction.
The Manager Primary Systems has the authority and responsibility for:
revising and updating this instruction in accordance with Company Policy and
Procedures; and
endorsing and recommending changes and revisions to this instruction.
The Network Mains Manager has the authority and responsibility for endorsing and
recommending changes and revisions to this instruction, and endorsing variations from
the requirements of this instruction.
The Earthing and Power Quality Manager has the authority and responsibility for
endorsing variations from the requirements of this instruction that relate to earthing.
The Capacity Planning Manager has the authority and responsibility for:
designating the security level for transmission lines; and
assessing the need for future installation of distribution lines on new or augmented
transmission lines.
The Manager Asset and Network Planning has the authority and responsibility for
confirming compliance with this standard when an asset renewal project is initiated.
Endeavour Energys Regional Managers have the authority and responsibility for
overseeing that all designs carried out by Regional employees conform to the
requirements of this instruction.
The Manager Network Connections has the authority and responsibility for overseeing
that all designs submitted by Level 3 ASPs conform to the requirements of this
instruction.
It will be the ASPs responsibility to obtain the latest issue of any instruction or drawing
relevant to or listed in this manual for use during the design of any project.
7.0 DOCUMENT CONTROL

Documentation content coordinator: Network Mains Manager
Documentation process coordinator: Standards Process Coordinator

Annexure 1 Drawings
33/66kV Drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
397999 A 66kV Construction #61C
Delta Line Post
398011 A 66kV Construction #61S
Delta Line Post
398023 A 66kV Construction #61T
Delta Line Post
Vertical Line Post
Vertical Line Post
Vertical Line Post
66kV Construction #63C
398001 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
66kV Construction #63S
398013 A
Deviation 0-60
66kV Construction #63T
398025 A
Deviation 0-60
398002 A
Deviation 60-90
398014 A
Deviation 60-90
398026 A
Deviation 60-90


Vertical Angle Suspension
Delta Through Strain
398005 A 33/66kV Landing Structure
2 Pole - Concrete
2 Pole - Steel
2 Pole - Timber
33kV Construction
398009 A
Auto Recloser
Concrete Pole
33kV Construction
398021 A
Auto Recloser
Steel Pole
33kV Construction
398033 A
Auto Recloser
Timber Pole
33/66kV Construction
398006 A
Vertical Load Break Switch
Concrete Pole


398018 A
Steel Pole
398030 A
Timber Pole
UG/OH Termination
UG/OH Termination
UG/OH Delta Termination
398008 A 33kV Construction #50VC
UG/OH Vertical Termination
398020 A 33kV Construction #50VS
398032 A 33kV Construction #50VT

132kV Drawings
Delta Line Post
Delta Line Post
Delta Line Post
Vertical Line Post
Vertical Line Post
Vertical Line Post
397793 A
Deviation 0-60
397803 A
Deviation 0-60
397813 A
Deviation 0-60
397794 A
Deviation 60-90
397804 A
Deviation 60-90
397814 A
Deviation 60-90


Vertical Termination
397798 A 132kV Landing Structure
2 Pole - Concrete
2 Pole - Steel
2 Pole - Timber


General drawings
240600 C Assembly Details
For Concrete Poles
398036 A Assembly Details
For Steel Poles
054798 B Assembly Details
For Timber Poles
398035 A
Line Post Insulator Assembly
398038 A Long Rod Insulator
Termination Assembly
398037 A Long Rod Insulator
Angle Suspension Assembly
367719 B
Pole Foundation Details
051125 H Earthing Connections
For Concrete Poles
056814 J
Earth Electrode on Concrete Pole
048340 L
Earth Electrode on Wood Pole
048342 K
Pole Stay
048343 L
Ground Stay
Overhead Conductor
086232 K
Clearances to Structures

OPGW drawings
344471 A OPGW Assembly Type 1
Suspension
298176 C OPGW Assembly Type 2
Through Strain Without Splice
298166 C OPGW Assembly Type 3
Through Strain With Splice
298128 D OPGW Assembly Type 4
Termination

Part drawings
399844 A
Conductor Fittings
Crossarm
061648 C 132kV Landing Span
(Steel Channel)
Crossarm
056304 C 33/66kV Landing Span
Type H1 (Steel Channel)
Crossarm
052796 F Type C3
(Steel SHS)
Pole Mounted Bolts
063900 E
Preferred Sizes
Pole Band
048761 F
125kN - 2 Piece
050167 J Eyebolt

Overhead

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Amendment no.

Mains Design Instruction

Document no. MDI 0047

51 Huntingwood Drive, Huntingwood NSW 2148

Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014

MDI 0047 Overhead transmission mains design

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 2 of 31

5.5.7.2 Dynamic loading clearance ........................................................................... 18

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 3 of 31

4.0 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 4 of 31

5.1 Wind loading

5.1.1 Serviceability wind loads

5.1.2 Ultimate wind loads

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 5 of 31

5.1.2.1 Security level and design life

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 6 of 31

5.1.2.4 Calculating site wind speed and pressure

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 7 of 31

5.1.3 Drag coefficients

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 8 of 31

5.2 Design temperatures

5.2.1 Maximum design temperature

5.2.2 Minimum design temperature

5.2.3 Temperature under wind loading

5.3 Limit state design

5.3.1 Load conditions and load factors

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 9 of 31

Loading Condition Load Factors

5.3.2 Component strength factors

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 10 of 31

Serviceability zero tension 0.25

Wood poles and Strength 0.31

Synthetic insulators - Strength - long term 0.4

Synthetic insulators - Strength - MDCL 0.9

Foundations Strength 0.5

Stay cables Strength 0.8

Stay anchors Strength 0.4

5.3.2.1 Degradation of wooden poles and crossarms

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 11 of 31

5.4 Joint-use poles

5.4.1 Allowance for distribution mains

5.4.2 Special requirements for low voltage assets on conductive poles

5.4.3 Distribution assets on transmission poles

Earth connection Installation on Installation on

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 12 of 31

Over Over all other

5.5.2 Minimum clearance over railways

5.5.3 Clearance to non-electrical infrastructure

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 13 of 31

5.5.4 Clearance to structures

5.5.5 Clearance to inter-span poles

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 14 of 31

See table for

Voltage Minimum clearance

5.5.6 Conductor separation

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 15 of 31

(a) See clause 5.5.6.2

Notation used in following sections:

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 16 of 31

5.5.7 Unattached crossing

Based on AS/NZS 7000 Equation 3.1 using k = 0.55

MDI 0047 Copyright Endeavour Energy 2014 Page 17 of 31

5.5.7.2 Dynamic loading clearance