CHAPTER

COMPUTER
SYSTEM
 2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER
2.1 SYSTEM

2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION

SYSTEM
2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY
CONCEPT
TOPIC
TOPIC
 2.1 System Concept
2.1.1 Overview of Computer System
2.1.2 Data Representation
2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Learning Outcomes :
At the end of this lesson, student shoul be
able to:
Describe the operations involved in
information processing cycle. (input,
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process, output and storage)

 What is Computer?

Definition:
An electronic device

that can accept and process data then

produce result, and store the result for future use

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 What is Computer System?

Definition:
A complete working computer
that includes software and hardware
which are necessary to make the
computer function.
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 Component Of
Computer
System
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Software
 INFORMATION
PROCESSING
CYCLE:
Information Processing
Cycle is the steps that data
must follow to become
useful information.
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****Information:Processed data that is organized, meaningful, and useful

***Data: A collection of unprocessed items, such as texts, images, audio, video and
numbers.
 Information Processing Cycle

Information Processing Cycle Diagram

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 Component of
Information Processing Cycle

Any data and instructions

entered into the memory of a
computer.

Process
Data that has been processed
into useful form.
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Storage
 There are four main steps in IPC. Explain what are
the input, process, output and storage when you
are given information 8 x 2 = 16 to be processed.

Steps Basic Operation

Input

Process

Output
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Storage
 2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER
2.1 SYSTEM

SYSTEM
2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION
CONCEPT
2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY
TOPIC
TOPIC
 2.1 System Concept
2.1.1 Overview of Computer System
2.1.2 Data Representation
2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Learning Outcomes :
At the end of this lesson, student should be able to:
(a) Explain data representation in computer.
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 Data Representation

Today all the computers are digital.

They recognize only two discrete state: on and off.
This is because computers are electronic devices powered by
electricity, which also has only two states: on and off
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 How does a computer represent data?

By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to represent

the two states on and off.

computer
recognizes only
two discrete
electrical states
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(on and off)

 Bit
A binary digit (1 or 0)
Represents an electrical state (on or off)
Bit 1 represents On
Bit 0 represents Off

Byte
A group of 8 bits (ex:11110000)
Represents a character such as a digit, a letter, a
punctuation mark or any symbol in computer
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 Example :
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 How a letter is converted to binary form and back
Step 2.
Step 1.
An electronic
signal for the
capital letter D
is sent to the
system unit.

Step 4.
After processing, the
binary code for the Step 3.
capital letter D is
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converted to an
image, and displayed
on the monitor.
 Questions 1
Convert 64 bits to bytes.

Questions 2
How many bits are there in a storage of 1,400,000
bytes?
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 2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER
2.1 SYSTEM

SYSTEM
2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION
CONCEPT
2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY
TOPIC
 1. System Concept
1. Overview of Computer System
2. Data Representation
2.1.3 Storage Capacity
Learning Outcomes :

At the end of this lesson, student

should be able to:

(a) Differentiate various storage

capacity
Remarks:
Kilobyte,
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Megabyte,
Gigabyte,
Terabyte,
Petabyte.
 Capacity The number of bytes(characters) can be hold
by storage medium

Measurement of storage capacity in units such as:

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 Typical storage and capacities

Storage medium Capacity

Tape drive A few hundred kilobytes

to several gigabytes

Diskette

CD-ROM

Hard disks
External hard disk Removable
hard disk

DVD
 Typical storage and capacities

Storage medium Capacities

Blu-ray 25 500 GB

Typical of Flash Memory Storage

Solid State Drives(SSD) 16GB 256GB

Memory cards Compact 512MB 100GB

Flash(CF) Secure 512MB 8GB
Digital(SD) SDHC 4GB 32GB
XD Picture Card 256MB 2GB

USB Flash Drive

 Conversion of various storage capacity:

8 1024 1024 1024 1024 1024

Bit Byte KB MB GB TB PB

X8 X 1024 X 1024 X 1024 X 1024 X 1024

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 Example 1 : Convert 1GB to KB
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 Example 2 : Convert MB to GB

1200 MB =
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 SUMMARY

Definition of computer.
Definition of computer system.
The components of a computer system.
Types of hardware.
Types of software.
Basic operations/processes involved in a computer.
How is data represented.
Definition of bit and byte.
Units of data measurement.
Storage capacity
Converting units of data measurement.
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