4 25 - Part 4 1

: Paul 939-685-995

6 ( 0624, Sat ) ( Kronborg Castle) ( resundsbron)

9:00

Slotssen ( )

( ) : Frederiksborg Slot Danish or Scandinavian Versailles

Frederiksborg Castle 2000
UNESCO 17 - Frederick II Zealand
Skovkloster Hilerod Herluf Trolle 17
Christian IV( 1671~1730 ) 20 ( Hans van Steenwinckel the Elder
)1620

( ) : Frederiksborg Slot

Anno, 1736 King Christian and Queen Anne Catherine

1659 Hedvig Eleonora of
Holstein-Gottorp 1648 Christian IV 1671 ~1840
(Christian VII ) 1671: Christian V and Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel1700: Frederick IV and Louise of
Mecklenburg-Gstrow1721: Anna Sophia, consort of Frederick IV1731: Christian VI and Sophia Magdalena of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
1747: Frederick V and Louise of Great Britain1752: Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbttel, consort of Frederick V1815: Frederick VI and
Marie of Hesse-Kassel1840: Christian VIII and Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein 1720 7 (
Holstein-Gottorp Stanisaw I Leszczyski Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa)-(
Frederick IV Peter I- Augustus II the Strong of Saxony-Poland.
)
( Swedish-Hanoverian and Swedish-Prussian Treaties of Stockholm (1719), Dano-Swedish Treaty of Frederiksborg (1720),
Russo-Swedish Treaty of Nystad (1721). ) 1700
1850s King Frederick VII 1859 12 16
1860 Heinrich HansenFerdinand Meldahl JC Jacobsen
1882 Neptune Fountain ( Adrian de Vries ) 1888

The castle is noted for its towers and turrets. All the outer corners are decorated with towers. Two octagonal towers with lofty spires overlook the
lake ( Mnttrnet to the west and Jgerbakkettrnet to the east) and two round one-storey towers face the central islet. Stair turrets with
copper-clad domes decorate the courtyard side of the King's Wing. The highest and most impressive tower stands above the Chapel.
The chamfered corners of its multistorey spire are decorated with four obelisks.
The Audience House ( Audienshuset) was completed in 1616. With its swinging gables and protruding bay windows in the Renaissance style,
the elegant five-wing building on the middle islet over the moat from the Mnttrn tower on the main building. Its south-facing portal, Mntporten,
decorated with figures including Venus and Mars surrounded by musicians, is considered to be one of Denmark's finest. In 1621, Christian IV
decorated the King's Wing with the Great Gallery overlooking the courtyard. The statues of the gods, decorating the two storeys, were crafted by
Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger in Amsterdam and brought to Denmark by ship.
The middle islet was further developed during the reign of Christian IV. The lord lieutenant's manor (Slotsherrens Hus) to the west was
completed in 1611. The Chancellery to the east was erected in 1615 as a true copy of Berritsgrd on the island of Lolland, one of the finest
Renaissance buildings in Denmark. Both buildings were decorated with an octagonal turret and sweeping gables.
While most of the castle was destroyed by fire in 1859, the Chapel and its furnishings suffered only minor damage. The Chapel has also been
used as the ceremonial chapel for the Order of the Elephant and the Order of the Dannebrogsince 1693. It houses the Danish royal family's art
collection, notably works on the life of Jesus by the Danish painter Carl Heinrich Bloch. The Chapel was also the site of the signing of the Treaty
of Frederiksborg. Since the times of Christian IV, it has been used as a parish church. Today it is served by four priests and two organists.
The coats-of-arms of recipients of the Order of the Elephant and of the Dannebrogare displayed on the Chapel walls. They include those of
international figures such as Nelson Mandela and outstanding Danes including Niels Bohr and Mrsk McKinney Mller.
The Museum of National History
The Frederiksborg Museum was founded by a royal decree on 5 April 1878 and was opened to the public on 1 February 1882. The original
collection was based on the paintings which had been saved from the castle fire but, with the help of the Jacobsen fund, it was soon extended to
include other cultural artefacts including paintings and furniture. Over the next thirty years, the collection was considerably extended with
paintings providing a national record of the most important figures in Danish history from the Middle Ages to the present day. Today the portrait
collection is the largest in Denmark.[19] In addition to its 70 rooms in the three storeys of the King's Wing and the Princess's Wing, the Chapel,
the Rose Room and the Audience Room are included in the museum. The museum also hosts special exhibitions. Since 2010 it has also hosted 5
a censored international portrait exhibition.
Valdemar Room
The first and second storeys of the King's Wing present the history of Denmark from the 12th to the 17th century. The Valdemar Room contains
a number of history paintings which were specially commissioned for the museum, including Carl Bloch's Christian II's Imprisonment in
Snderborg (1871), Otto Bache's De sammensvorene rider fra Finderup (1882) showing the conspirators riding away from Finderup
near Viborg after the murder of Erik Klipping, and Laurits Tuxens 1894 work depicting Valdemar the Great and Absalon destroying Svantevit's
temple on the island of Rgen. The Valdemar Room also contains a copy of the oldest Danish flagfrom 1427. The original used to hang
in Lbeck Cathedral where it was destroyed by bombing in 1942. The portrait collection also contains a number of truly historic works
including Karel van Mander's paintings of Leonora Christina and Christian IV, and a number of works by Jacob Binck. The works in the east wing
are mainly from the 18th and 19th centuries and include Constantin Hansen's historic painting of the Fathers of the Danish Constitution.
Great Hall
The Great Hall (Riddersalen) is situated above the Chapel and also extends over the length of the west wing. It was destroyed by fire in 1859
but was almost fully restored thanks to architectural paintings made by Heinrich Hansen and F.C. Lund. The restoration work, completed in 1880,
was carried out by Ferdinand Meldahl who made use of preserved segments of the ornate gilded ceiling. The large chandelier in the centre of
the room is the work of Meldahl's pupil, Carl Brummer. The original tapestries depicting important events in the life of Christian IV were woven
in Karel van Mander's workshop in Delft. The copies decorating the walls of the hall today were created from Mander's sketches.
The Rose
The room on the ground floor in the King's Wing known as the Rose was originally a dining room for the king and his courtiers. It was also
destroyed by the fire in 1859, but was reconstructed from old paintings.The two series of six vaults rest on free-standing pillars. It is thought
Mehldahl managed to reuse parts of the window decorations including the monograms of Christian IV and Queen Catherine.
Audience Chamber
Extending into the middle islet, the Audience Chamber also escaped damage from the fire in 1859. It was decorated by Christian V's master
builder Lambert van Haven in the 1680s, combining the Renaissance style with Baroque. He had himself brought the paintings in adjoining Privy
Passage (Conseilgangen) back from Italy. His work was completed in 1688, making the Audience Chamber the oldest preserved Baroque room
in Denmark. The sumptuous ceiling in the Privy Passage with flowering vines, creepers and rosettes is the work of the stucco artists Jan
Wilckens van Verelt and Christian Nerger. The Audience Chamber itself was completed in 1689. The chandelier with a carved deer was crafted
around 1625 by Hans Ocksen. The chair in the north-east corner allowed the king to be lifted up from the building's entrance. The central dome,
designed by van Haven, bears the motto of Christian V, Pietate et Justitia (Piety and Justice) and is decorated with allegorical paintings of a
Christian queen, a negro, a Turk, and an American Indian representing Europe, Africa, Asia and America. The paintings on the walls by the
Christian V's court painter Jacob d'Agar depict the kings ancestors. They are surmounted by scenes from the king's glorious Scanian
War (16751697) painted by Claus Minchen and Christian Morholt, despite the fact that in the end, Denmark was defeated.
Castle parks
In 1850, Frederick VII had a landscaped garden laid out to the north-west of the castle with winding paths, canals and artificial lakes. On
Louise's Island, named after his third wife, a small wooden manor house was built in the Norwegian style, from which the king could go out
fishing and enjoy uninterrupted breaks with his wife.
To the east of the castle, the Baroque Park with its waterfalls was originally created by the court gardener Johan Cornelius Krieger for Frederick
IV in the early 1720s. Its carefully planned symmetrical features were designed to surround the parks centrepiece, a fountain from which water
cascaded down the terraces to the lake below. Neatly laid out paths, shrubs and flowerbeds were arranged around the central fountain. The
garden was maintained until the beginning of the 19th century when it was abandoned. The shrubs grew wild but the paths and terraces could
still be seen. In 1993 it was decided to recreate the park in its original style. Now known as Kaskaderne (The Cascades), it was reopened in
1996 with a multitude of new shrubs and trees, making it Denmark's most notable Baroque garden. Crafted in miniature hedges, the monograms
of Frederick IV, Christian VI, Frederick V and Margrethe II form part of the central layout.
Countess of Frederiksborg
Alexandra Christina Manley was created Countess of Frederiksborg (Grevinde af Frederiksborg) by Queen Margrethe II on April 16, 2005, eight
days after her divorce from Prince Joachim. The title refers to her marriage to the prince which took place in the castle's chapel.
Slotssen ()
....
1671 1840 1693 Christian V ( 1725~1765 ) Chapel of Order,
3500 1850s ( 1859
)1878~82 ( JC Jacobsen
) ( Museum of National History of DenmarkDet Nationalhistoriske
Museum ) 16 ( 1550 1550 Christian III
)
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Neptune ( 17 ) Christian IX 1620~22 Andrian de Vries

1659 Treaty of Roskilde 1888 J.C. Jacobsen Heinrich Hansen
Drottningholm Palace
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, Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger in Amsterdam

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The Audience House ( Audienshuset) was completed in 1616. With its swinging gables and protruding bay windows in the Renaissance style,
the elegant five-wing building on the middle islet over the moat from the Mnttrn tower on the main building. Its south-facing portal, Mntporten,
decorated with figures including Venus and Mars surrounded by musicians, is considered to be one of Denmark's finest. In 1621, Christian IV
decorated the King's Wing with the Great Gallery overlooking the courtyard.
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Lambert van Haven Christian Nerger Jan Wilckens van Verelt

Giovanni Abondiostatio Claude de Coffre
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Christian V
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Royal Chapel
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1617 1859 ( )The
richly decorated six-vaulted stucco ceiling is borne by pillars rising from the galleries. The pillars bear grisaille frescos of Biblical figures, painted
in the 1690s. The galleries were decorated during the reign of Frederick III (16481670) as can be see from his arms. The Chapel's most
significant artifact is the organ, built by Esajas Compeniusin 1610. It was installed by Compenius himself shortly before his death in Hillerd in
1617. The oldest organ in Denmark, it has 1,001 wooden pipes. Its original manually driven blower has been preserved. The instrument is richly
decorated with ebony, ivory and silver. The altarpiece and pulpit from the early 17th century are the work of the silversmith Jacob Mores from
Hamburg. In the king's prayer chamber adjoining the Chapel, there is a small silver altar crafted by the goldsmith Matthus
Wallbaum from Augsburg in 1600.
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1610 Esajas Compeniusin

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Pietate et Justitia
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 1675~79 Scanian War 22
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House of Oldenburg Christine I (1448~81) Dorothea

Christine I (February 1426 21 May 1481) was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He
was King of Denmark(14481481), Norway (14501481) and Sweden(14571464). From 1460 to 1481, he was also Duke of Schleswig (within
Denmark) and Count (after 1474, Duke) of Holstein (within the Holy Roman Empire). He was the first Danish monarch of the House of
Oldenburg.
He was a son of Count Dietrich of Oldenburg, a descendant of King Eric IV of Denmark, and Hedwig of Holstein, a descendant of King Eric V of
Denmark and Abel of Denmark. In the power vacuum that arose following the childless death of King Christopher of Denmark, Sweden and
Norway in 1448, Sweden elected Charles VIII king with the intent to reestablish the union under a Swedish king. Charles was elected king of
Norway in the following year, but the counts of Holstein were more influential than the Swedes and the Norwegians together, and made
the Danish Privy Council appoint Christian as king. His subsequent accessions to the thrones of Norway (in 1450) and Sweden (in 1457),
restored the unity of the Kalmar Union for a short period. In 1460, following the childless death of his uncle, Duke Adolphus of Schleswig, Count
of Holstein, Christian also became Duke of Schleswig and Count of Holstein.
In 1463, Sweden broke away from the union for the first time, and Christian's attempt at a reconquest resulted in his defeat to the Swedish
regent Sten Sture the Elder at the Battle of Brunkeberg in 1471.
In the 1470s, he undertook several costly travels, in 1474 to Pope Sixtus IV, during which he obtained permission to found the University of
Copenhagen which opened in 1479.
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Kirsten Munk Christian IV of Denmark Anne Cathrine

Christian IV ( Christian den Fjerde; 12 April 1577 28 February 1648), sometimes colloquially referred to
as Christian Firtal in Denmark and Christian Kvart or Quartin Norway, was king of Denmark-Norway and Duke of Holstein and
Schleswig from 1588~1648. His 59-year reign is the longest of Danish monarchs, and of Scandinavian monarchies.
A member of the house of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark in 1596 at the age of 19. He is frequently
remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish kings, having initiated many reforms and projects.
Christian IV obtained for his kingdom a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged
Denmark in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (161848), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the
Danish economy, and cost Denmark some of its conquered territories. He renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after
himself, a name used until 1925. 27
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Christian IV : The coronation of King Christian IV on 29 August 1596 Otto Bache, 1887.
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()
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: At the death bed of Niels Kaas. The 17-year-old Christian IV receives from the dying chancellor the
keys to the vault where the royal crown and sceptre are stored. History painting by Carl Bloch, 1880.
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Doges
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Deuxieme Etage Le Grand Hall

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(Horologia Ferrea )
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( 9 )
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1013 Swein Forkbeardy 1042 1066

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12~17 Valdemar Carl Bloch

1871 Otto Bache Erik Klipping Viborg Finderup 1882
Laurits Tuxens 1894 Valdemar the Great Absalon Rugen Svantevit Valdemar 1427
Lbeck 1942 Karel van
Mandel Leonora Christina Christian IV Jacob Binck 18~19 Constain
Hansen
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BBC

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Christine IV

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( )
18 ( ) 1878
19

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( )
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( )

Christian IV of Denmark

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Sleeping Jortun Girl , Thor Larsen : Old Xiangzi

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( ) : Frederiksborg Slot
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1878~82 JC Jacobsen

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: ( Hamlet Castle, Kronborg Castle, Elsinore )

Helsingor Elsinore : 1599 : The tragedy

of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark : ( Hamlet Castle, Kronborg Castle, Elsinore )

1816 ( )
Tarquin Lucius Jinicus Brutus
15 Erik of Pomerania Korgen1429 Rose Noble
Sound Tolls King Frederick II (1559-1588)
Kronborg( )
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(
)

Kronborg was connected with high historical drama when Queen Caroline Matilda was imprisoned there in 1772. Her husband, King Christian
VII, was insane. She fell in love with his unscrupulous doctor, a power-hungry man called Struensee. With the Queens help, the doctor got
control of the country by manipulating the unfortunate king.
When the doctor over-reached himself, there was an uprising against him. The Queen was imprisoned and Struensee was executed in a way
that horrified Europe. The Queen was later exiled in Hanover where she died of smallpox in 1775.
In 1857 a treaty was signed between America, the major European countries and Denmark to abolish the Sound Tolls. In return, Denmark
received compensation of 20 million, which gives an indication of how important the taxes had been to her.
Following this, the castles importance declined. Until the beginning of the Second World War it was used mainly as a military barracks. Today,
Hamlets Castle is a showplace for tourists and a museum of shipping. It is still in good condition. It is built of brick and sandstone, and has four
wings, corner towers and an inner courtyard. In the old days, its bastions were armed with brass cannon, while the interior decoration is said to
have kept wood carvers, carpenters, tapestry weavers and silversmiths at work for several years. But its most valuable asset, without doubt, is
the fact that Shakespeare used it as the main setting for one of his most famous plays.
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1574~85 1574 Frederick II of Denmark (

Christine IV ) 1577 1 24 40 km Helsingor 4 km Sound
Dues Helsingborg
16~18
2000 UNESCO

The castle on fire, 1859. Painting at Frederiksborg Castle, Ferdinand Richardt, Frederiksborg Museum, Denmark
1629 Christian IV
Henrietta Maria Anthony Van Dyck 1936
( 2015 )
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Sir Athony van Dyck (1599-1641) - Charles I (1600-1649) , The Royal Art Collection, Queen's Drawing Room, Windsor Castle
( )

1658 30 1679
( )
1785~1923 ( )

Frederick II ()() Kalmar Union (

) Erik XIV( Frederick II Elizabeth I of
England ) Northern Seven Years' War ( )

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1658 Kernberg Castle250

Stettin
( )( )
1581
Frederick II 101 43
( King Dan )( Christian IV)
1586 43 15 7 Kernberg Castle
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Hamlet Castle
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: Holger Holger
: Kronborg Castle

Paul Li
( )

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4 km Helsingborg
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()

Malva sylvestris ( Common Mallow )

Sambucus ebulus ( European dwarf elder)

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Philadelphus snowbelle (Snow Beau Mock Orange Belle )

Malmo
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(1920 )

(2000 ) Helsingor

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?
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Helsingor
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Malmo
:
2000 7 Malmo

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Storebltsbroen
Storebltsbroen
17.5
resund Bridge
8

243
95 10.19
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HSB Turning Torso

HSB HSB Turning Torso:2001 9 2005 8 27

Sandiago Calatrava 190 623 54 90
2005 3
HSB Emporis
The best new skyscraperfib
2006 fib Award for Outstanding Structures 2006

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:
:
:
: Comfort Malmo