Wa

The water supply system is a one loop ne

It has been calculated to verify system w

Head Loss Formula:

Formula used to compute head loss as

formula is used for water distribution n

L
HL 4.87
Q
0.212C D
1.85

where:
HL= Head loss in feet
Q= Flow in CFS (cubic feet/sec)
L= Pipe length in feet
D= Pipe diameter n feet
 C= Roughness factor (C factor)

The roughness coefficient considered (C

considered 140.

Pipe Network Analysis:

For analysing of a loop system the foll

1. The algebraic sum of pressure drops
no discontinuity in pressure.
2.The flow entering a junction must be
continuity must be satisfied.
Based on these two basic principles, the
successive approximation.The widely use
method
Hardy-Cross Method:
This method consists of assuming a dis
principle of continuity is satisfied at eac
computed successively for each pipe lo
acceptable magnitude.
 Pipe Network Design Analysis proc

If Q is the assumed flow and Qcorrected is th

given by:Q Q-Qcorrected or Q Q correct

According to Hazen-William's formula:

L 1.85
HL 4.87
Q
0.212C D
1.85

Q n
HL
................
HL
Q
Qcorrected Q Q Q

H L Head loss in each pipe in

H L Head loss in each pipe in
L Lenght of each branch in fee
D Diameter of pipe in each bra
Q Disch arg e in each pipe
C coefficient , depending upon
recommended
value for PVC pipes is (130 14

The above formulas are tabulated at iterat

For calculation of this system, discharge ra

Q1 = 0.0183 m3/sec
Q3 = 0.0006 m3/sec Q4 = 0.0
With the following iterations the corrected valu
1 2 3 4 5

DIA (in)

DIA (m)
PIPE NO

DIA (ft)
LOOP NO
TRIAL NO

Direction
LENGTH
(m)
LENGTH

(ft)
1 4 0.33 0.102 17.8 58.4 1

2 4 0.33 0.102 25.8 84.6 1

1 1 3 4 0.33 0.102 32 105.0 1

4 4 0.33 0.102 46.4 152.2 -1

5 4 0.33 0.102 30 98.4 -1

6 4 0.33 0.102 9.5 31.2 -1

1 4 0.33 0.102 17.8 58.4 1

2 4 0.33 0.102 25.8 84.6 1

2 1 3 4 0.33 0.102 32 105.0 1

4 4 0.33 0.102 46.4 152.2 -1

5 4 0.33 0.102 30 98.4 -1

6 4 0.33 0.102 9.5 31.2 -1

 1 4 0.33 0.102 17.8 58.4 1

2 4 0.33 0.102 25.8 84.6 1

3 1 3 4 0.33 0.102 32 105.0 1

4 4 0.33 0.102 46.4 152.2 -1

5 4 0.33 0.102 30 98.4 -1

6 4 0.33 0.102 9.5 31.2 -1

The corrected Flow rates are as follows:

Q1 = 0.0
Q2 = 0.0
Q3 = 0.0
Q4 = 0.0
Q5 = 0.0
pipe ID
Water Distribution Network:
network and it is supplied by booster system a
with total peak flow rate of 23.1L/s.

as a functin of flow rate in pipe, which Hazen-

network.

1.85
Q
 (C factor) for new PVC pipe is 130 to 140, he

ollowing two condition must be satisfied:

ps around a closed loop must be zero, i.e. the

e equal to the flow leaving that junction; i.e. th

he pipe networks are generally solved by the m

sed method of pipe network analysis is the Ha
distribution of flow in the network in such a wa
ach junction. A correction to these assumed fl
loop in the network, until the correction is red
ocedure :

the actual flow in the pipe, then the correction Q

ected Q
la:

.......................VI n 1.8

n feet
n feet
eet
ranch in feet

n roughness of pipe(the

140)

rations table.
rate at nodes are assumed as follow :

Q2 = 0.0006 m3/sec
0.0026 m3/sec Q5 = 0.0055 m3/sec
alue of discharge shall be calculated.
C = 140
6 7 8 9 10
(m^3/sec)

n(HL/Q)
Velocity
(m/sec)

HL (m)
HL (ft)
(c.f.s)

HL/Q

HL
Q

0.0068 0.2394 0.84 0.44 0.13 1.84

0.0046 0.1632 0.57 0.31 0.09 1.93

0.0027 0.0939 0.33 0.14 0.04 1.50

-0.0007 -0.0234 0.08 -0.02 0.00 0.67

-0.0040 -0.1407 0.49 -0.28 -0.08 1.98

-0.0082 -0.2883 1.01 -0.33 -0.10 1.15 0.27 16.7644

0.0063 0.2233 0.78 0.39 0.12 1.74

0.0042 0.1470 0.51 0.26 0.08 1.76

0.0022 0.0778 0.27 0.10 0.03 1.27

-0.00112 -0.0396 0.14 -0.04 -0.01 1.04

-0.0044 -0.1568 0.55 -0.34 -0.10 2.17

-0.0086 -0.3044 1.06 -0.37 -0.11 1.21 -0.002 17.0023

 0.0063 0.2234 0.78 0.39 0.12 1.74

0.0042 0.1471 0.51 0.26 0.08 1.77

0.0022 0.0779 0.27 0.10 0.03 1.28

-0.00112 -0.0395 0.14 -0.04 -0.01 1.04

-0.0044 -0.1567 0.55 -0.34 -0.10 2.17

-0.0086 -0.3043 1.06 -0.37 -0.11 1.21 0.000 17.0008

0.0019 m3/sec
0.0007 m3/sec
0.0005 m3/sec
0.00246 m3/sec
0.0054 m3/sec
ter system and.

hich Hazen-William's
0 to 140, here it is

zero, i.e. there can be

nction; i.e. the law of

ved by the methods of

sis is the Hardy-Cross
n such a way that the
assumed flows is than
ection is reduced to an
orrection Q is

n 1.85
 11 12 13 14

(m^3/sec)
Qnew
Qnew
(c.f.s)
Q
Q

-0.016 0.2233 0.0063

-0.016 0.1470 0.0042

-0.016 0.0778 0.0022

-0.016 -0.0396 -0.00112

-0.016 -0.1568 -0.0044

-0.016 -0.3044 -0.0086

0.0001 0.2234 0.0063

0.0001 0.1471 0.0042

0.0001 0.0779 0.0022

0.0001 -0.0395 -0.00112

0.0001 -0.1567 -0.0044

0.0001 -0.3043 -0.0086

0.000 0.2234 0.0063

0.000 0.1471 0.0042

0.000 0.0779 0.0022

0.000 -0.0395 -0.00112

0.000 -0.1567 -0.0044

0.000 -0.3043 -0.0086