CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

CNG TRNH THY LI - CC QUY NH
CH YU V THIT K
National technical regulation on hydraulic structures
- The basic stipulation for design

H NI - 2012
QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT

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Mc lc
Trang
Li ni u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1. Phm vi p dng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Gii thch t ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Phn cp cng trnh thy li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4. Yu cu ch yu v thit k cng trnh thy li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.1. Mc m bo phc v ca cng trnh thy li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh v dng chy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.3. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh v kh hu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6. Ti trng, tc ng v t hp ca chng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.1. Cc ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh thy li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.2. T hp cc ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh thy li . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7. H s an ton ca cng trnh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
8. Yu cu k thut ch yu i vi mt s loi cng trnh thy li thng dng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8.1. H cha nc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8.2. p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.3. Cng trnh x nc, tho nc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
8.4. Cng trnh ly nc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.5. B lng ct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.6. Trm bm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
8.7. ng dn nc kn 37
8.8. ng ng dn nc khc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
8.9. ng hm thy cng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
8.10. Knh dn nc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.11. Cng trnh bo v h cha v h lu cm cng trnh u mi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8.12. Cng trnh cho c i v cng trnh bo v thy sn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8.13. Thit k kin c ho knh mng v cng trnh trn knh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9. Quy nh v qun l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
10. T chc thc hin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Ph lc A (Quy nh): Danh mc cc cng trnh ch yu v th yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Ph lc B (Quy nh): Tnh ton h s an ton chung ca cng trnh v hng mc cng trnh. . . 44

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Li ni u

QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT : Quy chun k thut quc gia - Cng trnh

thy li - Cc quy nh ch yu v thit k, c bin son trn c s chuyn
i, sa cha v b sung TCXDVN 285: 2002 : Cng trnh thy li - Cc quy
nh ch yu v thit k, theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 69 ca Lut Tiu chun
v Quy chun k thut v im b, khon 1 iu 11 ca Ngh nh s
127/2007/N-CP ngy 01 thng 8 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi
hnh mt s iu ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut.

QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT do Trung tm Khoa hc v Trin khai k thut

thy li thuc trng i hc Thy li bin son, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh
thm nh, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn ban hnh theo Thng t s
27 /2012/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 26 thng 6 nm 2012.

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 QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT
QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT

Quy chun k thut quc gia

Cng trnh thy li - Cc quy nh ch yu v thit k
National technical regulation on hydraulic structures
- The basic stipulation for design

1. Phm vi p dng

1.1. Quy chun ny quy nh cc yu cu phi thc hin khi lp, thm tra, thm nh, xt duyt cc
d n lin quan n hot ng xy dng cng trnh thy li trong cc giai on u t gm: quy hoch
xy dng, d n u t xy dng cng trnh, kho st, thit k xy dng cng trnh. Phm vi p dng
bao gm xy dng mi, sa cha nng cp hoc m rng cng trnh, khng phn bit ngun vn u
t.

1.2. Thit k cng trnh iu, b bao, cng trnh giao thng thy, cng trnh bin khng thuc
phm vi p dng ca quy chun ny.

1.3. Khi thit k xy dng cng trnh thy li, ngoi yu cu tun th quy chun ny cn phi tun
th cc quy chun k thut quc gia khc, cc quy nh ti cc vn bn quy phm php lut hin hnh
cng nh cc Lut, iu c quc t v cc tha thun m nh nc Vit Nam tham gia hoc k
kt c lin quan n i tng cng trnh ang xem xt.

2. Gii thch t ng

2.1. Hot ng xy dng cng trnh thy li

Bao gm lp quy hoch thy li, lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh, kho st xy dng, thit k xy
dng cng trnh, thi cng xy dng cng trnh, thm tra, thm nh d n, gim st thi cng xy dng
cng trnh, qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh v cc hot ng khc c lin quan n xy dng
cng trnh thy li .

2.2. D n thy li

Tp hp cc xut lin quan n b vn u t xy dng mi hoc ci to nng cp cng trnh

thy li c t c cc mc tiu xc nh.

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2.3. Cng trnh thy li

Sn phm c to thnh bi tr tu v sc lao ng ca con ngi cng vt liu xy dng v thit b

lp t vo cng trnh, c lin kt nh v vi nn cng trnh nhm mc ch ngn nga hoc hn
ch nhng mt tc hi, khai thc s dng v pht huy nhng mt c li ca ngun nc pht trin
kinh t - x hi.

2.4. H cha nc

Cng trnh tch nc v iu tit dng chy nhm cung cp nc cho cc ngnh kinh t quc dn, sn
xut in nng, ct gim l cho vng h lu v.v.... H cha nc bao gm lng h cha nc v
cc cng trnh (hay hng mc cng trnh) sau:

a) p chn nc tch nc v dng nc to h;

b) Cng trnh x l tho lng nc tha ra khi h iu tit l v m bo an ton cho p

chn nc;

c) Cng trnh ly nc ra khi h cung cp nc;

d) Cng trnh qun l vn hnh;

e) Theo yu cu s dng, mt s h cha nc c th c thm cng trnh khc nh: cng trnh x bn
ct, tho cn h; cng trnh giao thng thy (u thuyn, cng trnh chuyn tu, bn cng...), giao thng
b; cng trnh cho c i ...

2.5. H thng cng trnh u mi thy li

Mt t hp cc hng mc cng trnh thy li tp trung v tr khi u ca h thng dn nc, cp

nc, thot nc; lm chc nng cha nc, cp nc hoc thot nc, iu tit nc, khng ch v
phn phi nc.

2.6. H thng dn nc, cp nc, thot nc

T hp mng li ng dn nc v cng trnh c lin quan trong h thng dn nc.

2.7. Cng trnh lu di

Cng trnh c s dng thng xuyn hoc nh k trong sut qu trnh khai thc.

2.8. Cng trnh tm thi

Cng trnh ch s dng trong thi k xy dng hoc dng sa cha cng trnh lu di trong thi k
khai thc.

2.9. Cng trnh ch yu

Cng trnh m s h hng hoc b ph hy ca n s nh hng trc tip n hot ng bnh thng
ca cng trnh u mi v h thng cng trnh sau u mi, lm cho chng khng m nhn c
nhim v thit k ra.

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2.10. Cng trnh th yu

Cng trnh m s h hng hoc b ph hy ca n t lm nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca

cng trnh u mi v h thng, c th phc hi c trong thi gian ngn.

2.11. Cc loi mc nc ca h cha nc

2.11.1. Mc nc cht (MNC)

Mc nc khai thc thp nht ca h cha nc m mc nc ny cng trnh vn m bo khai

thc vn hnh bnh thng.

2.11.2. Mc nc dng bnh thng (MNDBT)

Mc nc h cn phi t c cui thi k tch nc m bo cung cp nc theo mc

m bo thit k.

2.11.3. Mc nc ln nht thit k (MNLNTK)

Mc nc cao nht xut hin trong h cha nc khi trn lu vc xy ra l thit k.

2.11.4. Mc nc ln nht kim tra (MNLNKT)

Mc nc cao nht xut hin trong h cha nc khi trn lu vc xy ra l kim tra.

2.11.5. Mc nc n l (MNL)

Cn gi l mc nc phng l, l mc nc cao nht c php duy tr trc khi c l h cha

nc thc hin nhim v chng l cho h lu.

2.12. L thit k

Trn l theo tnh ton c th s xut hin ti tuyn xy dng cng trnh tng ng vi tn sut thit k.

2.13. L kim tra

Trn l theo tnh ton c th s xut hin ti tuyn xy dng cng trnh tng ng vi tn sut kim tra.

2.14. Cc loi dung tch ca h cha nc

2.14.1. Dung tch cht

Phn dung tch ca h cha nc nm di cao trnh mc nc cht.

2.14.2. Dung tch hu ch (dung tch lm vic)

Phn dung tch ca h cha nc nm trong phm vi t mc nc dng bnh thng n mc nc

cht.

2.14.3. Dung tch phng l

Phn dung tch ca h cha nc nm trong phm vi t mc nc n l n mc nc ln nht

kim tra lm nhim v iu tit l. Ty thuc vo iu kin c th ca tng cng trnh h cha nc,

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dung tch phng l c th b tr mt phn nm di mc nc dng bnh thng hoc nm ton b

trn mc nc dng bnh thng.

2.15. p chn nc

Cng trnh chn ngang dng chy ca sng sui hoc ngn nhng vng thp gi nc v nng cao
mc nc trc p hnh thnh h cha nc.

2.16. Cng trnh x l

Cng trnh x lng nc tha, iu chnh lu lng x v h lu m bo an ton cho cng trnh
thy li.

2.17. Cng trnh tho nc

Cng trnh dng ch ng tho nc theo quy trnh qun l khai thc h: tho cn hon ton hoc
mt phn nc khi cn sa cha cng trnh, v sinh lng h, dn bn ct bi lp hoc rt nc
phng s c v tham gia x l.

2.18. Cng trnh ly nc

Cng trnh ly nc ch ng t ngun nc vo h thng ng dn cp cho cc h dng nc

theo yu cu khai thc.

2.19. u thuyn v cng trnh chuyn tu

Cng trnh nng chuyn cc phng tin vn ti thy vt qua , p.

2.20. ng cho c i

Cng trnh gip cho mt s loi thy sn c th di chuyn t h lu ca cng trnh dng nc ln
thng lu v ngc li theo c tnh sinh hc ca chng.

2.21. Lng h

Vng tch nc ca h cha nc k t mc nc ln nht kim tra tr xung

2.22. Vng ngp thng xuyn ca h cha nc

Vng mt t ca lng h nm t mc nc dng bnh thng tr xung.

2.23. Vng bn ngp ca h cha nc

Vng mt t ca lng h nm ven b thng b ngp trong ma l, c tnh t cao trnh mc

nc dng bnh thng n mc nc ln nht kim tra.

2.24. Mc bo m phc v ca cng trnh

S nm cng trnh m bo lm vic theo ng nhim v thit k trong chui 100 nm khai thc lin
tc, c tnh bng t l phn trm.

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3. Phn cp cng trnh thy li

3.1. Quy nh chung

3.1.1. Cp cng trnh l cn c xc nh cc yu cu k thut bt buc phi tun th theo cc mc

khc nhau ph hp vi quy m v tm quan trng ca cng trnh. Cp thit k cng trnh l cp cng
trnh.

3.1.2. Cng trnh thy li c phn thnh 5 cp (cp c bit, cp I, cp II, cp III, cp IV) ty thuc
vo quy m cng trnh hoc tm quan trng, mc nh hng ca n n pht trin kinh t - x hi,
an ninh, quc phng v.v.... Cng trnh cc cp khc nhau s c yu cu k thut khc nhau. Cng
trnh cp c bit c yu cu k thut cao nht v gim dn cc cp thp hn.

3.2. Nguyn tc xc nh cp cng trnh thy li

3.2.1. Phi xc nh cp theo cc tiu ch: nng lc phc v, kh nng tr nc ca h cha nc,
c tnh k thut ca cc cng trnh c mt trong cm cng trnh u mi, c quy nh theo bng 1.
Cp cng trnh thy li l cp cao nht trong s cc cp xc nh theo tng tiu ch ni trn.

3.2.2. Cp cng trnh u mi c xem l cp ca cng trnh thy li. Cp ca h thng cng trnh
dn nc v chuyn nc nh hn hoc bng cp cng trnh u mi v nh dn theo s thu hp
phm vi phc v. Cp ca knh dn nc v cng trnh trn knh dn nc cp di nh hn mt cp
so vi cp ca knh dn nc v cng trnh trn knh dn nc cp trn.

3.2.3. Cp cng trnh thy li xc nh theo bng 1 c xem xt gim xung mt cp (tr cng trnh
cp IV) trong cc trng hp sau:

a) Khi cp cng trnh xc nh theo chiu cao p thp hn cp xc nh theo dung tch h mc
nc dng bnh thng;

b) Cc hng mc ca cng trnh cp c bit v cp I khng nm trong tuyn chu p lc nc (tr nh

my thy in, ng ng dn nc c p, ng dn nc vo tuc bin, b p lc, thp iu p);

c) Cc cng trnh c thi gian khai thc khng qu 10 nm;

d) Cc cng trnh thy trong cm nng lng; h thng knh chnh v cng trnh trn knh chnh phc
v cp nc v tiu nc cho nng nghip, khi cn phi tu b, sa cha khng lm nh hng ng
k n vn hnh bnh thng ca cng trnh u mi thy li.

3.2.4. Cp cng trnh thy li xc nh theo bng 1 c xem xt nng ln mt cp (tr cng trnh cp
c bit) nu mt trong cc hng mc cng trnh chnh xy ra s c ri ro c th gy thit hi to ln v
kinh t - x hi v mi trng h lu.

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Bng 1- Phn cp cng trnh thy li

Loi cng trnh v Loi Cp cng trnh

nng lc phc v nn c bit I II III IV

1. Din tch c ti hoc din

tch t nhin khu tiu, 103 ha - > 50 >10 50 >2 10 2

2. H cha nc c dung tch ng

vi MNDBT, 106 m3 >1 000 >200 1 000 >20 200 3 20 <3

3. Cng trnh cp ngun nc cha

x l cho cc ngnh s dng nc
khc c lu lng, m3/s > 20 >10 20 >2 10 2 -

A > 100 >70 100 >25 70 >10 25 10

4. p vt liu t, t - c B - > 35 75 >15 35 >8 15 8
chiu cao ln nht, m
C - - >15 25 >5 15 5

A > 100 >60 100 >25 60 >10 25 10

5. p b tng, b tng ct thp
cc loi v cc cng trnh thy li B - >25 50 >10 25 >5 10 5
chu p khc c chiu cao, m
C - - >10 20 >5 10 5

A - >25 40 >15 25 >8 15 8

6. Tng chn c chiu cao, m B - - >12 20 >5 12 5

C - - >10 15 >4 10 4

CH THCH:
1) t nn chia thnh 3 nhm in hnh:
- Nhm A: nn l ;
- Nhm B: nn l t ct, t hn th, t st trng thi cng v na cng;
- Nhm C: nn l t st bo ha nc trng thi do;
2) Chiu cao cng trnh c tnh nh sau:
- Vi p vt liu t, t : chiu cao tnh t mt nn thp nht sau khi dn mng (khng k phn chiu cao
chn khay) n nh p;
- Vi p b tng cc loi v cc cng trnh xy c chu p khc: chiu cao tnh t y chn khay thp nht n
nh cng trnh.

3.2.5. Trong s khai thc bc thang, nu cp ca cng trnh h cha nc ang xem xt u t
xy dng thp hn cp ca cng trnh ang khai thc bc trn, tnh ton thit k phi m bo kh
nng x l ca cng trnh bc di bng lu lng x l (x l thit k v x l kim tra) ca cng trnh
bc trn cng vi lu lng l khu gia theo cp ca cng trnh bc di.

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3.2.6. Cc cng trnh xy dng thuc chuyn ngnh khc c mt trong thnh phn d n thy li
hoc cng trnh thy li thit k c s giao ct vi cc cng trnh khc hin c (ng b, ng st
v.v...), khi xc nh cp cng trnh thy li phi i chiu vi cp ca cc cng trnh c lin quan v
chn cp cao hn thit k.

3.2.7. Cp ca cng trnh thy li giao ct vi bo v phng chng l c xc nh nh cp ca

cng trnh chu p nhng khng c thp hn cp thit k v tiu chun an ton ca tuyn .

3.2.8. Cp ca cng trnh tm thi phc v thi cng c php nng ln cp cao hn quy nh bng
2 nhng khng cao hn cp ca cng trnh chnh nu xy ra s c c th dn n cc hu qu sau:

a) Lm mt an ton cho cc cng trnh lu di ang xy dng d dang;

b) C th gy ra tn tht ln v kinh t - x hi v mi trng h lu. Thit hi v vt cht nu xy ra

s c ln hn nhiu so vi vn u t thm cho cng trnh tm thi;

c) y li thi gian a cng trnh vo khai thc lm gim hiu qu u t.

3.2.9. Cp ca tng cng trnh trong cng mt h thng cng trnh u mi hoc h thng dn quy
nh trong bng 2:

Bng 2 - Quan h gia cp ca cng trnh thy li vi cp ca cng trnh ch yu, th yu v

cng trnh tm thi trong cng mt h thng cng trnh u mi hoc h thng dn

Cp cng trnh c bit I II III IV

Cp cng trnh ch yu c bit I II III IV

Cp cng trnh th yu I II III IV IV

Cp cng trnh tm thi II III IV IV IV

3.2.10. Vic xc nh cp cng trnh quy nh t 3.2.1 n 3.2.9 do t vn thit k xut, c cp c

thm quyn chp thun.

3.2.11. Nhng cng trnh thy li cp c bit c c im nu 3.2.4, nu thy cn thit, c quan t
vn thit k c th kin ngh ln ch u t trnh cp c thm quyn cho php xy dng quy chun
thit k ring cho mt phn hoc ton b cng trnh ny.

4. Yu cu ch yu v thit k cng trnh thy li

4.1. Lp Bo co u t, D n u t v Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh phi cn

c vo quy hoch thy li v quy hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca vng c lin quan n d n
c cp c thm quyn ph duyt nhm xut phng n khai thc v s dng hp l ti nguyn
nc.

4.2. La chn trnh t khai thc bc thang phi da trn quy hoch bc thang v s trnh t xy
dng bc thang c cp c thm quyn ph duyt. Trng hp quy hoch khai thc bc thang
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cha c ph duyt th vic la chn trnh t khai thc bc thang, quy m cng trnh, hnh thc v
loi cng trnh, b tr tng th, cc thng s v ch tiu thit k chnh phi c quyt nh trn c s
so snh cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut gia cc phng n v xem xt cc yu t c bn sau y:

a) a im xy dng cng trnh, cc iu kin t nhin v x hi ni xy dng cng trnh v vng chu
nh hng ca cng trnh nh iu kin a hnh, a cht, kin to, th nhng, kh tng kh hu,
thy vn, mi trng sinh thi v.v....;

b) Nhu cu hin ti v tng lai v cp nc v tiu nc cho cc lnh vc kinh t - x hi nh nng

nghip, cng nghip, dn sinh, thy sn, phng chng l, nng lng, vn ti thy, du lch, mi trng
v.v... lin quan n ngun nc ca lu vc ang xem xt;

c) D bo v s thay i ch thy vn, ch dng chy l thng h lu; kh nng bin i v

lng dn, b sng, bi bi, b h, vng ca sng, vng ngp v bn ngp; s thay i ch xi mn
v bi lng bn ct vng thng lu, h lu sng sui v trong lng h cha nc; s bin i v
ch nc ngm v cc tnh cht ca t; bin i v mi trng sinh thi sau khi cng trnh c
xy dng c xt n bin ng ca cc yu t kh hu, thy vn, a cht thy vn, ng thc vt trn
cn v di nc, sn xut nng nghip, k hoch m thm cng trnh hoc tng thm cc i tng
dng nc mi trn lu vc trong tng lai. nh gi v xut bin php tng th hn ch tc ng
bt li;

d) D bo s bin ng mc tiu, nng lc, iu kin hot ng cc ngnh hng li hin c khi cng
trnh thy li mi i vo hot ng nh vn ti thy, ngh c, ngh rng, du lch, cc cng trnh thy li
- thy in, iu v cc cng trnh cp nc khc...

4.3. Phi m bo cc quy nh v an ton, n nh v bn vng tng ng vi cp cng trnh;

qun l vn hnh thun li v an ton; ng thi phi tho mn cc yu cu gii hn v tnh thm
nc, tc ng xm thc ca nc, bn ct v vt liu tri ni, tc ng xi ngm trong thn v nn
cng trnh, tc ng ca sinh vt v.v... C cc phng n i ng thch hp x l c th i vi
tng trng hp nhm gim nh nhng tc ng bt li c th gy ra cho bn thn cng trnh v cc
i tng b nh hng khc hoc khi cng trnh b s c, h hng.

4.4. Phi m bo tr v h lu lu lng v ch dng chy ph hp vi yu cu bo v mi

trng v cc i tng dng nc ang hot ng, k c i tng c a vo k hoch xy
dng trong tng lai gn nh cp thm nc cho cc cng trnh h lu, yu cu giao thng thy
trong ma kh. Khi h lu khng c yu cu dng nc c th th trong ma kh phi tr v h lu
mt lng nc ti thiu tng ng vi lu lng trung bnh ma kit tn sut 90 % (Q90%) bo
ton mi trng sinh thi.

4.5. Khi thit k cn xem xt kh nng v tnh hp l v kinh t - k thut trn cc mt sau y:

a) Kh nng kt hp thm mt s chc nng trong mt hng mc cng trnh. C k hoch a cng
trnh vo khai thc tng phn nhm sm pht huy hiu qu u t;

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b) C cu li cc cng trnh hin c v xut cc gii php ci to, khc phc chng ph hp v
hi ha vi d n mi c u t;

c) Quy chun ha b tr thit b, kt cu, kch thc v phng php thi cng xy lp nhm y nhanh
tin , h gi thnh v to thun li cho qun l khai thc sau ny;

d) Tn dng u nc c to ra cc u mi thy li v trn ng dn pht in v cho cc

mc ch khc.

4.6. m bo s hi ha v kin trc thm m ca tng cng trnh trong h thng cng trnh u
mi v s ha nhp ca chng vi cnh quan khu vc. Trong mi trng hp thit k u phi m
bo duy tr cc iu kin bo v thin nhin, v sinh mi trng sinh thi v nghin cu kh nng kt
hp to thnh im du lch, an dng ...

4.7. Xc nh r iu kin v phng php thi cng, thi gian xy dng hp l ph hp vi lch khai
thc sinh li, kh nng cung ng lao ng, vt t, thit b, vt liu xy dng, giao thng thy b v
ngun lc t nhin trong khu vc d n phc v xy dng. Kt hp gia thi cng c gii v th cng
mt cch hp l. Phi s dng ti a mc c th ngun vt liu d khai thc v sn c khu vc
xy dng cng trnh.

4.8. Gim st thng xuyn tnh trng cng trnh v trang thit b trong thi gian thi cng cng nh
trong sut qu trnh khai thc sau ny.

4.9. Thit k v thi cng xy dng cng trnh thy li trn cc sng sui c giao thng thy phi
m bo nhng iu kin cn thit cc phng tin giao thng thy c th qua li c.

4.10. Gii quyt vn di dn, ti nh c, n b thit hi v sn xut, ti sn, c s h tng kinh t,

vn ha, x hi trong vng b ngp v ly mt bng xy dng cng trnh theo nguyn tc mi trng v
iu kin sng ni mi tt hn, ngy cng n nh v pht trin hn.

4.11. Cc cng trnh ch yu t cp II tr ln phi b tr thit b quan trc s lm vic ca cng trnh
v nn trong sut qu trnh xy dng v khai thc nhm nh gi mc bn vng ca cng trnh,
pht hin kp thi nhng h hng, khuyt tt nu c quyt nh bin php sa cha, phng nga
s c v ci thin iu kin khai thc. i vi cc cng trnh cp III v cp IV, tu tng trng hp c
th v loi cng trnh, iu kin lm vic ca cng trnh v nn cn b tr thit b quan trc cho mt s
hng mc cng trnh chnh khi c lun c tha ng v c ch u t chp thun.

4.12. Khi thit k xy dng cng trnh cp c bit v cp I phi tin hnh mt s nghin cu thc
nghim i chng, hiu chnh, chnh xc ho cc thng s k thut v tng thm tin cy cho
n nh: cc nghin cu v nn mng, vt liu xy dng, ch thy lc, thm, tnh trng lm vic ca
cc kt cu phc tp, ch nhit trong b tng, ch lm vic ca thit b, hiu qu ca vic ng
dng tin b khoa hc v cng ngh mi v.v... i tng v phm vi nghin cu thc nghim ty thuc
vo tng trng hp c th ca tng cng trnh v c xut ngay trong giai on u ca d n.

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Cng tc ny cng c php p dng cho hng mc cng trnh cp thp hn khi trong thc t cha
c hnh mu xy dng tng t.

4.13. Khi thit k xy dng cng trnh thy li dng khi ln phi xem xt phn b hp l vt liu
trong thn cng trnh, ph hp vi trng thi ng sut, bin dng, yu cu chng thm v.v... nhm
gim gi thnh m vn m bo c cc yu cu k thut.

4.14. Khi thit k sa cha, phc hi, nng cp v m rng cng trnh thy li phi p ng thm
cc yu cu sau:

a) Xc nh r mc tiu sa cha, phc hi, nng cp, m rng cng trnh nh sa cha cng trnh
hot ng bnh thng hoc ko di thi gian hot ng trn c s cng trnh hin ti, hoc ci thin
iu kin qun l vn hnh, tng mc bo m, nng cao nng lc phc v, ci thin mi trng v.v...;

b) Trong thi gian tin hnh ci to, sa cha, nng cp cng trnh khng c gy ra nhng nh
hng bt li qu mc cho cc h ang dng nc. Cn nghin cu s dng li cng trnh c mc
ti a;

c) Cn thu thp y cc ti liu c ca cng trnh cn sa cha, phc hi, nng cp v kho st,
thit k, thi cng, qun l, quan trc, nhng s c xy ra, kt hp vi cc nghin cu kho st
chuyn ngnh nh gi ng cht lng, tnh trng k thut, trang thit b, nn v cng trnh v.v....
lm c s cho vic la chn cc gii php ph hp.

4.15. Cc cng trnh h cha nc u phi c quy trnh vn hnh iu tit c cp c thm quyn
ph duyt. Ni dung quy trnh phi t c cc yu cu sau:

a) Cp nc m bo hi ho li ch ca cc i tng s dng nc tng ng vi nm tha nc,

nc v nm t nc;

b) m bo iu tit theo yu cu phng chng l cho h cha nc v h lu.

5. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh

5.1. Mc bo m phc v ca cng trnh thy li

5.1.1. Mc bo m phc v ca cng trnh thy li khng thp hn cc tr s quy nh trong bng 3.

5.1.2. Vic h mc bo m phc v ca cng trnh thy li ch c php khi c lun chng tin cy
v c cp quyt nh u t chp thun.

5.1.3. Khi vic ly nc (hoc tiu nc) gy nh hng xu n nhng h dng nc hoc dn
sinh, mi trng hin c, c quan lp d n cn c lun chng v cc nh hng ny, nu gii php
khc phc v lm sng t tnh u vit khi c thm d n mi trnh ln c quan ph duyt v cc
ngnh ch qun c cc i tng b nh hng cng xem xt v quyt nh.

5.1.4. Cng trnh a mc tiu phi thit k sao cho mc bo m ca tng mc tiu phc v khng
c thp hn cc quy nh nu trong bng 3.

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5.1.5. i vi h cha nc c thm nhim v phng l th dung tch phng l khng c nh

hng n vn hnh cp nc ca h theo mc bo m quy nh trong bng 3:

Bng 3 - Mc bo m phc v ca cng trnh thy li

Mc m bo phc v
i tng phc v theo cp cng trnh, % Cc yu cu khc
ca cng trnh
B I II III IV

1. Ti rung 85 85 85 85 75

2. Tiu cho nng Mc bo m cho cc i tng c nhu cu tiu

T
nghip nc khc (khu dn c, th, khu cng
80
nghip,...) c mt trong h thng thy li do cp
n
c thm quyn quy nh nhng khng c thp
90
- 90 90 90 hn mc m bo tiu cho nng nghip
Khi c s chnh lch v nc dng cho pht
3. H s dng nc
Theo ch ti in v ti trong ngy phi lm thm h iu
ti pht in
tit ngy m iu tit li
4. Cp nc:
a) Khng cho php Lu lng cp tnh ton c th l lu lng ln
gin on hoc gim nht, lu lng trung bnh ngy hoc trung bnh
yu cu cp nc thng... do ch u t quy nh v cp cho c
quan thit k. Cho php nng mc bo m cao
hn quy nh trn nu c ngun nc cp v
95 95 95 95 95 c ch u t chp thun.
b) Khng cho php Mc thiu nc, thi gian cho php gin
gin on nhng on cp nc cn c vo yu cu c th ca
c php gim yu h dng nc do ch u t quy nh v cp cho
cu cp nc c quan thit k. Cho php nng mc bo m
cao hn quy nh trn nu c ngun nc
90 90 90 90 90 cp v c ch u t chp thun.
c) Cho php gin on Cho php nng mc bo m cao hn quy nh
thi gian ngn v gim trn nu c ngun nc cp v c ch u
yu cu cp nc 85 85 85 85 80 t chp thun.

5.2. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh v dng chy

5.2.1. Tn sut lu lng v mc nc ln nht tnh ton thit k v kim tra n nh, kt cu, nn
mng, nng lc x nc ca cc cng trnh thy li xy dng trn sng v ven b, cc cng trnh trn
tuyn chu p, cc cng trnh trong h thng ti tiu khi pha thng ngun cha c cng trnh iu
tit dng chy khng ln hn cc tr s quy nh trong bng 4.

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Bng 4 - Tn sut lu lng, mc nc ln nht thit k v kim tra cng trnh thy li

Cp thit k
Loi cng trnh
c bit I II III IV

1. Cm cng trnh u mi cc loi (tr cng trnh u mi

vng triu); cng trnh dn nc qua sng sui ca h thng
ti tiu nng nghip:

- Tn sut thit k, % 0,10 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00

Tng ng vi chu k lp li, nm 1 000 200 100 67 50

- Tn sut kim tra, % 0,02 0,10 0,20 0,50 1,0

Tng ng vi chu k lp li, nm 5 000 1 000 500 200 100

2. Cng trnh u mi vng triu; cng trnh v h thng dn

nc lin quan trong h thng ti tiu nng nghip (tr
cng trnh dn nc qua sng sui ca h thng ti tiu
nng nghip):

- Tn sut thit k, % 0,20 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00

Tng ng vi chu k lp li, nm 500 200 100 67 50

- Tn sut kim tra, % 0,10 0,20 0,50 1,00 1,50

Tng ng vi chu k lp li, nm 1 000 500 200 100 67

CH THCH:
1) Lu lng, mc nc ln nht trong tp hp thng k l lu lng, mc nc c tr s ln nht xut hin trong tng
nm. Cht lng ca chui thng k ( di, tnh i biu, thi gian thng k v.v...) cn phi tho mn cc yu cu
quy nh trong cc tiu chun tng ng. Cc s liu cn c x l v cng mt iu kin trc khi tin hnh tnh
ton;
2) Nu pha thng ngun c nhng tc ng lm thay i iu kin hnh thnh dng chy hoc c cng trnh iu tit
th khi xc nh cc yu t quy nh trong iu ny cn phi k n kh nng iu chnh li dng chy ca cc cng
trnh ;
3) Nu pha h du c cng trnh iu tit th m hnh x khng c ph hoi hoc vt qu kh nng iu tit ca
cng trnh ;
4) Nhng cng trnh thy li cp c bit nm trong nhm s 1 ca bng ny, khi c lun chng tin cy v c ch u
t chp thun, l kim tra c th tnh vi tn sut 0,01% (tng ng vi chu k lp li 10 000 nm) hoc l cc hn.

5.2.2. Khi xc nh cc ch tiu chnh v dng chy bng s liu thng k hoc tnh ton, cn d bo
kh nng din bin ca cc ch tiu trong tng lai sau khi xy dng c gii php k thut v
quyt nh ng n nhm bo m an ton cho cng trnh v nng cao hiu qu u t.

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5.2.3. Lu lng, mc nc thp nht tnh ton n nh kt cu cng trnh, nn mng c quy
nh theo bng 5:

Bng 5 - Lu lng, mc nc thp nht tnh ton n nh kt cu cng trnh, nn mng

Tn sut lu lng, mc nc thp nht,

Loi cng trnh Cp cng trnh %

Thit k Kim tra

c bit, I, II, III Mc nc tho cn thp nht

1. H cha Mc nc cht
v IV sa cha, no vt v.v...

c bit 99

I 97
Mc nc trung bnh ngy
2. Cng trnh trn sng II 95 thp nht xy ra ti tuyn
xy dng cng trnh
III 95

IV 90

3. H thng thot nc v Mc nc thp

c bit, I, II, Mc nc tho cn sa
cng trnh lin quan trong nht quy nh
III v IV cha, no vt v.v...
h thng thy li trong khai thc

CH THCH:
1) Lu lng, mc nc thp nht dng trong tp hp thng k l lu lng, mc nc c tr s b nht xut hin tng
nm;
2) Khi cc h dng nc h lu yu cu phi bo m lu lng ti thiu ln hn lu lng theo quy nh bng 5 th
lu lng thp nht c chn theo lu lng ti thiu . Mc nc thp nht tnh ton lc ny chnh l mc nc
ng vi lu lng ti thiu ni trn;
3) Khi thit k cc cng trnh t cp I tr ln phi xt n kh nng mc nc ny c th h thp hn do lng dn h lu
b xi su hoc do nh hng iu tit li ca cc cng trnh khc trong bc thang s c xy dng tip theo.

5.2.4. Mc nc ln nht tnh ton ch khai thc ca cc cng trnh cp nc t chy t h,

p dng bnh thng c xc nh theo bng 4, tr trng hp c nhng quy nh khng cho php
khai thc cc mc nc ny phng nga ri ro c th gy ra cho h lu, hoc tri vi nhng quy
nh v bo v iu. Trong trng hp c quan t vn thit k phi kin ngh mc nc khai
thc an ton cp c thm quyn quyt nh.

5.2.5. Tn sut mc nc ln nht sng nhn nc tiu tnh ton ch khai thc cho cc cng
trnh tiu khng ln hn cc tr s quy nh sau y:

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a) Tiu cho nng nghip bng bin php t chy hoc ng lc: tn sut thit k 10 % m bo tiu
c lu lng thit k;

b) Tiu cho cc i tng khc nm trong h thng thy li (khu dn c, th, cng nghip v.v...)
theo quy nh ca ch u t v c quan qun l nhng khng ln hn tn sut quy nh tiu cho nng
nghip.

5.2.6. Cng trnh xy dng nhng tuyn chu p quan trng hoc trn cc cc sng ln v.v... ,
tn sut mc nc ln nht sng nhn nc tiu quy nh 5.2.5 c th thay i tu thuc vo cc
quy nh an ton chng bo lt c th cho cc on tuyn hoc on sng .

5.2.7. Mc nc thp nht ngun (ti h cha hoc sng) tnh ton ch khai thc cho cc
cng trnh cp nc, tiu nc c quy nh theo bng 6.

5.2.8. Tn sut mc nc v lu lng ln nht thit k cc cng trnh tm thi phc v dn dng
thi cng ( quai, knh dn... ) khng ln hn tr s quy nh bng 7.

5.2.9. Tn sut dng chy ln nht thit k chn dng khng ln hn tr s quy nh bng 8.

5.2.10. Khi s dng cng trnh chnh ang xy d lm cng trnh dn dng thi cng th tn sut dn
dng phi ly theo cp ca cng trnh chnh c quy m tng ng vi thi on dn dng.

5.2.11. Hnh thc, mt ct, cao trnh phn xy dng d dang (hoc phn t thi cng) ca cc hng
mc cng trnh lu di cn c quyt nh theo iu kin c th c xt n tin xy dng, iu
kin kh tng - thy vn, kh nng cung ng vt liu xy dng nht l vt liu ti ch, mt bng thi
cng, nng lc v tc xy dng ca n v thi cng, bin php x l khi gp l ln hn tn sut thi
cng hn ch thit hi cng trnh.

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Bng 6 - Mc nc khai thc thp nht

Loi cng Cp cng Thit k Kim tra

trnh trnh T chy ng lc T chy ng lc
1. H cha c bit, I, Mc nc
nc II, III v IV cht - - -
2. Cng trnh
trn sng:
a) Ti nc, c bit, I, Mc nc ca Mc nc Mc nc ca Mc nc ca
cp nc II, III v IV sng cp ca sng sng cp ngun: sng cp ngun:
ngun ng vi cp ngun - ng vi tn sut - ng vi tn sut
tn sut nu ng vi tn nu trong bng 3 nu trong bng 3
trong mc bo sut nu cng thm 5 % (p cng thm 5 % (p
m phc v trong mc dng vi cng trnh dng vi cng trnh
bng 3 phi bo m ti nc) vn ti nc) vn
ly lu phc v m bo ly c m bo ly c
lng thit k bng 3 phi 75 % lu lng 75 % lu lng
ly lu thit k ; thit k;
lng thit - ng vi mc - ng vi mc
k nc thp nht nc thp nht
xy ra vn m bo xy ra vn m bo
ly c nc. ly c nc.
Lu lng nc Lu lng nc
ly c do t vn ly c do t vn
thit k xut v thit k xut v
c quan c thm c quan c thm
quyn quyt nh. quyn quyt nh.
b) Tiu cho c bit, I, Mc nc ti Mc nc
nng nghip II, III v IV thiu cn gi b ht tng
trong knh tiu ng vi thi
theo yu cu gian tiu Khng quy nh Khng quy nh
sn xut nng m u v
nghip hoc hoc tiu
mi trng u v
c) Tiu cho c bit, I, Mc nc ti Mc nc
cc i tng II, III v IV thiu cn gi b ht tng
khc trong knh tiu ng vi thi
theo yu cu gian tiu Khng quy nh Khng quy nh
ca ch u m u v
t v c quan hoc tiu
qun l u v
CH THCH:
1) Mc nc khai thc thp nht nu trong mc (a) l mc nc trung bnh ngy c tr s thp nht xut hin trong thi
on khai thc ca lit thng k;
2) Mc nc ti thiu khai thc nu trong mc (b) v (c) l mc nc thp nht cn gi cui thi on tiu nc m
u v hoc tiu u v nhm tng hiu qu tiu do quy trnh khai thc quy nh.

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Bng 7 - Tn sut lu lng v mc nc ln nht thit k cc cng trnh tm thi

phc v cng tc dn dng thi cng

Tn sut lu lng, mc nc ln nht thit k cng trnh tm

Cp cng trnh thi phc v dn dng thi cng, khng ln hn, %

Dn dng trong mt ma kh Dn dng t hai ma kh tr ln

c bit 5 2

I 10 5

II, III, IV 10 10

CH THCH:
1) Lu lng, mc nc ln nht trong tp hp thng k l lu lng, mc nc tng ng vi tr s ln nht trong cc
lu lng ln nht xut hin trong thi on dn dng thi cng. Ma dn dng l thi gian trong nm yu cu cng
trnh phc v cng tc dn dng cn phi tn ti chc chn khi xut hin l thit k;
2) Nhng cng trnh phi dn dng thi cng t hai nm tr ln, khi c lun c chc chn nu thit k xy dng cng trnh
tm thi dn dng thi cng vi tn sut quy nh trong bng 7 khi xy ra s c c th gy thit hi cho phn cng trnh
chnh xy dng, lm chm tin , gy tn tht cho h lu.... ln hn nhiu so vi u t thm cho cng trnh dn
dng th c quan t vn thit k phi kin ngh tng mc bo m an ton tng ng cho cng trnh ny;
3) Nhng cng trnh b tng trng lc c iu kin nn tt cho php trn qua th c quan thit k c th kin ngh h mc
m bo ca cng trnh tm thi gim kinh ph u t. Mc h thp nhiu hay t tu thuc s nm s dng dn
dng tm thi t hay nhiu v do ch u t quyt nh;
4) Khi b tr trn tm x l thi cng qua thn p p xy d phi c bin php bo m an ton cho p v cng trnh
h cha nc. Tn sut thit k trn tm trong trng hp ny bng tn sut thit k cng trnh;
5) Cn d kin bin php phng tn sut thc t dn dng vt tn sut thit k ch ng i ph nu trng hp
ny xy ra;
6) Tt c kin ngh nng v h tn sut thit k cng trnh tm thi phc v dn dng thi cng u phi c lun chng
kinh t - k thut chc chn v phi c c quan ph duyt chp nhn.

Bng 8 - Tn sut dng chy ln nht thit k chn dng

Cp cng trnh Tn sut dng chy ln nht thit k chn dng, khng ln hn, %

c bit, I, II 5

III, IV 10

CH THCH:
1) Dng chy trong tp hp thng k l lu lng trung bnh ngy c tr s ln nht i vi dng chy khng b nh
hng ca thy triu hoc lu lng trung bnh gi c tr s ln nht i vi dng chy chu nh hng ca thy triu
xut hin trong thi on d tnh chn dng ca tng nm thng k. Thi on chn dng c chia 10 ngy mt ln
trong thng d nh chn dng, tng ng vi thi k lu lng ang gim;
2) Cn c vo s liu o c thc t trong thi gian trc thi im n nh tin hnh chn dng (thng tin hnh o
c lin tc t thi im kt thc ma l n thi im n nh chn dng), n v thi cng hiu chnh li phng n
chn dng cho ph hp vi thc t ca dng chy, thi tit, lch triu v trnh ln ch u t thng qua.

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5.3. Cc ch tiu thit k chnh v kh hu

5.3.1. Tn sut ma thit k quy nh nh sau:

a) Tn sut m hnh ma ti thit k xc nh nhu cu cp nc cho h thng ti c quy nh

l 85 % cho cc cng trnh t cp III tr ln v t 75 % n 85 % cho cng trnh cp IV;
b) Tn sut m hnh ma tiu thit k xc nh nng lc tho dn cho h thng tiu nng nghip
c quy nh l 10 % cho cc cng trnh t cp III tr ln, t 10 % n 20 % cho cng trnh cp IV.
i vi cc i tng tiu nc khc c mt trong h thng thy li, tn sut m hnh ma tiu thit k
do ch u t hoc cp c thm quyn quy nh nhng khng ln hn tn tnh ton thit k tiu cho
nng nghip.

CH THCH:
a) M hnh ma ti thit k bao gm: tng lng ma nm tng ng vi tn sut thit k v phn phi lng ma
theo tng ngy trong nm;
b) M hnh ma tiu thit k bao gm: s ngy ma ca trn ma, tng lng ma ca c trn ma tng ng vi tn
sut thit k v phn phi lng ma theo thi gian ca trn ma;
c) Chn m hnh ma thit k c xc nh thng qua m hnh ma in hnh. M hnh ma in hnh l m hnh
xy ra trong thc t, c tng lng ma xp x vi tng lng ma thit k, c dng phn phi l ph bin v thin
v bt li.

5.3.2. Khi khng c hoc khng s liu o dng chy tin cy xc nh lng nc n cho cc
h cha nc c php dng ti liu ma c tn sut tnh ton tng ng vi mc bo m nu
trong bng 3 suy ra lng nc n thng qua vic tham kho quan h ma dng chy ca lu
vc d n v cc lu vc tng t.

5.3.3. Ch tiu tnh ton v phng php tnh ton cc yu t kh hu khc do ch u t quy nh tu
thuc vo tng i tng v trng hp tnh ton.

6. Ti trng, tc ng v t hp ca chng

6.1. Cc ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh thy li

6.1.1. Cc ti trng thng xuyn

Ti trng thng xuyn l ti trng tc ng lin tc trong sut thi k xy dng v khai thc cng
trnh, bao gm:
a) Trng lng ca cng trnh v cc thit b c nh t trn v trong cng trnh;

b) p lc nc tc ng trc tip ln b mt cng trnh v nn; p lc nc thm (bao gm lc thm

v lc y ni th tch phn cng trnh v nn b bo ho nc; p lc ngc ca nc ln b mt
khng thm ca cng trnh) ng vi mc nc ln nht khi xy ra l thit k trong iu kin thit b lc
v tiu nc lm vic bnh thng. Ring cc hng mc nm trong tuyn chu p ca h cha, p
dng cn phi tnh thm cc p lc nu trong mc ny ng vi mc nc dng bnh thng;

c) Trng lng t v p lc bn ca n; p lc ca (gy ra cho cc ng hm);

d) Ti trng gy ra do kt cu chu ng sut trc.

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6.1.2. Cc ti trng tm thi

6.1.2.1. Ti trng tm thi l ti trng c th khng xut hin mt thi im hoc thi k no trong
qu trnh xy dng v khai thc cng trnh.

6.1.2.2. Ti trng c thi gian tc ng tng i di gi l ti trng tm thi di hn, bao gm cc ti

trng sau y:

a) p lc t pht sinh do bin dng nn v kt cu cng trnh hoc do ti trng bn ngoi khc;

b) p lc bn ct lng ng trong thi gian khai thc;

6.1.2.3. Ti trng c thi gian tc ng ngn gi l ti trng tm thi ngn hn, bao gm cc ti trng
sau y:

a) p lc sinh ra do tc dng ca co ngt v t bin;

b) Ti trng gy ra do p lc d ca k rng trong t bo ho nc khi cha c kt hon ton mc

nc dng bnh thng, trong iu kin thit b lc v tiu nc lm vic bnh thng;

c) Tc ng nhit ln trn cng trnh v nn trong thi k thi cng v khai thc ca nm c bin dao
ng nhit bnh qun thng ca khng kh l trung bnh;

d) Ti trng do tu, thuyn v vt tri (neo buc, va p....);

e) Ti trng do cc thit b nng, bc d, vn chuyn v cc my mc, kt cu khc (nh cn trc, cu

treo, palng v.v....), cht hng c xt n kh nng cht vt thit k;

g) p lc do sng (c xc nh theo tc gi ln nht trung bnh nhiu nm);

h) Ti trng gi;

i) p lc nc va trong thi k khai thc bnh thng;

k) Ti trng ng sinh ra trong ng dn c p v khng p khi dn nc mc nc dng bnh

thng;

l) Ti trng do d ti khi o mng cng trnh.

6.1.2.4. Ti trng xut hin trong cc trng hp lm vic c bit gi l ti trng tm thi c bit.
Cc ti trng tm thi c bit c th tc ng ln cng trnh thy li gm:

a) Ti trng do ng t hoc n;

b) p lc nc tng ng vi mc nc khi xy ra l kim tra;

c) Ti trng gy ra do p lc d ca k rng trong t bo ho nc khi cha c kt hon ton ng vi

mc nc kim tra ln nht trong iu kin thit b lc v tiu nc lm vic bnh thng hoc mc
nc dng bnh thng nhng thit b lc v tiu nc b hng;

d) p lc nc thm gia tng khi thit b chng thm v tiu nc khng lm vic bnh thng;

e) Tc ng do nhit trong thi k thi cng v khai thc ca nm c bin dao ng nhit bnh
qun thng ca khng kh l ln nht;

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g) p lc sng khi xy ra tc gi ln nht thit k;

h) p lc nc va khi t ngt ct ton b ph ti;

i) Ti trng ng sinh ra trong ng dn c p v khng p khi dn nc mc nc ln nht thit

k;

k) Ti trng pht sinh trong mi t do mc nc tng t ngt v h thp t ngt (rt nc nhanh);

l) Ti trng sng cao do ng t gy ra h cha v sng thn i vi cng trnh ven bin.

6.2. T hp cc ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh thy li

6.2.1. Khi thit k cng trnh thy li phi tnh ton theo t hp ti trng c bn v kim tra theo t
hp ti trng c bit.

6.2.2. T hp ti trng c bn bao gm cc ti trng v tc ng: ti trng thng xuyn, ti trng

tm thi di hn v ti trng tm thi ngn hn m i tng ang thit k c th phi tip nhn cng
mt lc.

6.2.3. T hp ti trng c bit vn bao gm cc ti trng v tc ng xt trong t hp ti trng c

bn nhng mt trong chng c thay th bng ti trng (hoc tc ng) tm thi c bit. Trng
hp ti trng c bn c xt thm ti trng do ng t, sng thn hoc n cng c xp vo t hp
c bit. Khi c lun c chc chn c th ly hai hoc nhiu hn hai trong s cc ti trng hoc tc
ng tm thi c bit kim tra. T vn thit k phi la chn a ra t hp ti trng c bn v t
hp ti trng c bit bt li nht c th xy ra trong thi k thi cng v khai thc cng trnh.

7. H s an ton ca cng trnh

7.1. H s an ton dng nh gi mc n nh, bn, ng sut, bin dng chung v cc b

cho tng hng mc cng trnh v nn ca chng. H s an ton l t s gia sc chng chu tnh ton
tng qut, bin dng hoc thng s khc ca i tng xem xt vi ti trng tnh ton tng qut tc
ng ln n (lc, m men, ng sut), bin dng hoc thng s khc.

7.2. H s an ton (K) ca tng cng trnh hay hng mc cng trnh phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

a) H s an ton v n nh ca cc hng mc cng trnh v h cng trnh - nn:

- Trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng khng nh hn cc gi tr quy nh trong bng 9;

- Trong cc iu kin lm vic khng bnh thng (c bit) khng thp hn 90 % v trong
trng hp thi cng sa cha khng thp hn 95 % cc gi tr quy nh trong bng 9;

b) H s an ton v bn ca cc cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp:

- Vi p b tng v b tng ct thp cc loi, trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng khng nh
hn cc gi tr quy nh trong bng 10; trong cc iu kin lm vic khng bnh thng (c bit)
khng thp hn 90 % cc gi tr quy nh trong bng 10;

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- Vi kt cu b tng ct thp trong mi trng hp lm vic khng nh hn cc gi tr quy nh

trong bng 10;

c) H s an ton v bin dng tng ng vi mi loi cng trnh, trong mi trng hp lm vic khng
nh hn cc gi tr sau:

- Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn t v na cng: K > 1,0;

- Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn : Khi mt trt i qua cc khe nt trong
nn, K > 1,0; Khi mt trt i qua mt tip xc gia b tng v hoc i trong nn c mt phn
qua cc khe nt, mt phn qua nguyn khi, K > 1,10;

- p vm v cc cng trnh ngn chng khc trn nn , K > 1,35;

- Cc mi dc t nhin v nhn to, K > 1,0.

CH THCH:
a) H s an ton nh nht quy nh ti 7.2 c xc nh t kt qu tnh ton theo phng php trng thi gii hn
ang p dng trong xy dng cng trnh thy li vi s liu u vo v a cht cng trnh, vt liu xy dng c x l bng
phng php thng k vi xc sut tin cy c k n h s lch ti, vt ti, h s sai lch v vt liu, h s iu kin lm
vic, h s thi cng v.v.;
b) Khi p dng phng php tnh ton khc phi c kt qu tng ng vi phng php trng thi gii hn ni
trn.

7.3. Tnh ton xc nh h s an ton K ca cng trnh v tng hng mc trong cng trnh thy li
theo phng php trng thi gii hn, thc hin theo quy nh ph lc B.

Bng 9 - H s an ton nh nht v n nh ca cc hng mc cng trnh

v h cng trnh - nn trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng

H s an ton theo cp cng trnh

Loi cng trnh v hng mc cng trnh
c bit I II III, IV

1. Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn t v

na cng 1,25 1,20 1,15 1,15

2. Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn :

- Khi mt trt i qua cc khe nt trong nn 1,25 1,20 1,15 1,15

- Khi mt trt i qua mt tip xc gia b tng v hoc

i trong nn c mt phn qua cc khe nt, mt phn qua
nguyn khi 1,35 1,30 1,25 1,25

3. p vm v cc cng trnh ngn chng khc trn nn 1,70 1,60 1,55 1,55

4. Mi dc nhn to bng t p 1,50 1,35 1,30 1,25

5. Mi dc t nhin, mi nhn to bng p 1,25 1,20 1,15 1,15

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Bng 10 - H s an ton nh nht v bn ca cc cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp

trong cng trnh thy li

H s an ton theo cp cng trnh

Loi cng trnh v hng mc cng trnh
c bit I II III, IV

1. Trong thn p b tng v b tng ct thp 1,40 1,35 1,30 1,30

2. Trong kt cu b tng ct thp dng tm v dng sn, vi

mi trng hp lm vic 1,25 1,20 1,15 1,15

8. Yu cu k thut ch yu i vi mt s loi cng trnh thy li thng dng

8.1. H cha nc

8.1.1. Quy nh chung

8.1.1.1. Ngoi vic phi tun th cc quy nh ti iu 4, khi tnh ton thit k h cha nc cn phi
p ng cc yu cu sau:

a) Cp nc theo ng biu dng nc v mc bo m cp nc cam kt;

b) C dung tch phng l cho h lu trong trng hp h cha c yu cu phng chng l cho h
lu v m bo an ton cho bn thn cng trnh khi xy ra l thit k v l kim tra.

8.1.1.2. Dung tch bi lng ca h cha nc xem nh b lp y khi cao trnh b mt bn ct lng
ng trc tuyn chu p t bng cao trnh ngng ca nhn nc chnh. Thi gian khai thc tnh t
nm u tch nc n khi dung tch bi lng ca h b bn ct lp y nhng khng nh hng n
kh nng ly nc, trong iu kin khai thc bnh thng khng c t hn quy nh trong bng 11:

Bng 11 - Thi gian cho php dung tch bi lng ca h cha nc b lp y

Cp cng trnh h cha nc c bit, I II III, IV

Thi gian quy nh ngng ca ly nc

khng b bn ct bi lp trong thi k khai
thc sau khi h tch nc khng t hn, nm 100 75 50

CH THCH:
1) Qu trnh bi lng ca h cha cp c bit v cp I cn xc nh thng qua tnh ton thy lc hoc th nghim m hnh;
2) Khi c lun chng kinh t k thut tho ng c php chn thi gian dung tch bi lng nh hn quy nh bng 11.
Trong trng hp ny bt buc phi c bin php hn ch bn ct bi lp trc ca ly nc bng gii php cng trnh
nh xy dng thm cng x ct hoc c bin php no vt nh k. V tr v quy m cng x ct ca h cha cp c
bit v cp I c quyt nh thng qua th nghim m hnh thy lc.

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8.1.1.3. Trong trng hp dng chy ma l c lng nc tha phong ph cn phi xem xt phng
n b tr cng x ct gim bt dung tch bi lng, tng dung tch hu ch. Cng ny c kt hp
lm nhim v dn dng thi cng v rt nc h khi c nguy c s c.

8.1.2. Yu cu tnh ton xc nh cc loi mc nc in hnh ca h cha

8.1.2.1. Mc nc cht

Mc nc cht ca h cha nc phi m bo iu kin khai thc bnh thng, yu cu tr c

dung tch bn ct bi lng trong thi gian khai thc quy nh bng 11, c ch thy lc n nh qua
cng trnh ly nc, cp nc theo yu cu cho cc h dng nc:

a) i vi h cha nc ch lm nhim v cp nc (khng c nhim v pht in): mc nc cht

phi m bo cha c ton b lng bn ct bi lng trong thi gian khai thc khng thp hn quy
nh ti 8.1.1.2 v iu kin cp nc bnh thng cho cc i tng dng nc. Khi c yu cu cp
nc t chy th cao trnh mc nc cht cn phi cao p ng nhim v ny;

b) i vi h cha nc ch lm nhim v pht in: ngoi cc yu cu quy nh ti khon a ca iu

ny, mc nc cht cn phi tho mn iu kin k thut ca thit b thy in: khi lm vic mc
nc ny tuc bin vn hot ng bnh thng v nm trong vng hiu sut cho php. Mc nc cht
c th cao hn thng qua tnh ton ti u kinh t nng lng;
c) i vi h cha nc c nhim v cp nc v pht in: thc hin theo cc yu cu quy nh ti
cc khon a v b ca iu ny;

d) i vi h cha nc c thm nhim v nui trng thy sn: ngoi yu cu quy nh ti khon c ca
iu ny, mc nc cht cn phi tho mn iu kin sinh trng v pht trin bnh thng ca cc
loi nui;

e) i vi h cha nc c thm nhim v du lch, ngh dng: ngoi yu cu quy nh ti khon c

iu ny, mc nc cht cn phi duy tr cao trnh cn thit m bo cnh quan du lch;
g) i vi h cha nc c thm nhim v vn ti thy: ngoi yu cu quy nh ti khon c ca iu
ny, mc nc cht cn phi tho mn iu kin c su m bo cc phng tin vn ti thy
c ti trng ln nht cho php lu thng trn h trong ma cn hot ng bnh thng.

8.1.2.2. Mc nc dng bnh thng

m bo ng vi mc nc ny h c dung tch cn thit cung cp lng nc theo yu cu
ca cc h dng nc ng vi mc bo m cp nc.

8.1.2.3. Mc nc ln nht thit k v mc nc ln nht kim tra

m bo khi x l thit k v l kim tra, mc nc h khng vt qu mc nc ln nht thit k v

mc nc ln nht kim tra. Mc nc thit k ln nht v mc nc kim tra ca cc h cha c
xc nh trn c s iu tit l phn dung tch t mc nc dng bnh thng tr ln. Khi h c t
dung tch phng l th mc nc ny c xc nh trn c s iu tit l phn dung tch t mc
nc phng l tr ln. Lng nc x v tho qua cc cng trnh trong tuyn chu p ca h cha

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phi tnh ton theo m hnh l bt li nht v nh l hoc tng lng l c xt n kh nng xy ra l
kp do nh hng ca ma bo (nu tng xy ra trong vng d n).

8.1.2.4. Mc nc n l

m bo ng vi mc nc ny h c dung tch thc hin nhim v iu tit chng l cho cng

trnh v chng l cho h du theo tn sut thit k. Tu thuc vo iu kin c th, mc nc n l c
th bng hoc thp hn mc nc dng bnh thng, thm ch bng mc nc cht.

8.1.3. Xc nh ranh gii ngp do h cha nc gy ra

Nhng cng trnh nm trong vng lng h t mc nc dng bnh thng n mc nc ln nht
kim tra (vng bn ngp) phi cn c vo kh nng chu ngp cho php ca chng ( su ngp, thi
gian ngp, nh hng ca vic tip xc vi nc n cht lng v an ton ca cng trnh....) m
quyt nh p dng gii php di di, hoc bo v, hoc cho php ngp.... Cc gii php p dng cho
vng chu nh hng ngp v cc cng trnh nhn to c mt trong vng ngp phi tng ng vi l
thit k nhng khng ln hn tn sut 1,0 %.

8.1.4. Yu cu v bo v mi trng

8.1.4.1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh h cha nc phi m bo cc yu cu bo v mi trng theo

quy nh hin hnh.

8.1.4.2. Phi phn tch nh gi nhng tc ng bt li v c bin php bo v hoc gim thiu nhng
tc ng bt li sau y:

a) Nhng thit hi v vt cht do ngp nc gy ra nh mt t c bit l t nng nghip, mt cc

khu bo tn thin nhin, rng c dng, ti nguyn khong sn, c s vt cht kinh t - x hi, vn
ha, cc a danh v di tch lch s, vn ha, danh lam thng cnh, s suy gim dn ti tuyt chng
ca mt s loi ng, thc vt v.v....;

b) Nguy c dn n thu hp hoc lm mt i nhng vng dn c sinh sng n nh hng trm nm,
nhng bt li v an ninh, x hi, quc phng, hu qu ri ro do v p c th xy ra;

c) Tnh kh thi v mc tin cy ca cng tc di dn ti nh c m bo s hn hn v mi mt ca

ni mi so vi ni c;

d) Vng chu nh hng h lu h do thay i ch dng chy, bn ct.... D bo tc ng ca

nhng thay i n lng dn, k, vng ca sng;

e) nh gi cc li ch kinh t - x hi v mi trng sau khi xy dng cng trnh.

8.1.4.2. C bin php m bo cht lng nc h trong qu trnh qun l v khai thc nh hn ch
s xm nhp cc cht c hi trn lu vc vo h, pht trin rng phng h, nng cao din tch v
cht lng thm ph thc vt trn lu vc.

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8.1.5. Nhng cng vic phi lm trc khi h tch nc

8.1.5.1. Xc nh phm vi ngp nc ca h cha bao gm vng ngp thng xuyn v vng bn
ngp c th khai thc.

8.1.5.2. Cht dn rng, v sinh lng h, khai thc trit ti nguyn khong sn hoc bo v cc m
khong sn c ch (nu c), bo tn t nng nghip mc cao nht c th, bo v hoc di chuyn
cc cng trnh vn ha, di tch lch s - vn ha c gi tr v.v.... trong vng ngp ca lng h.

8.1.5.3. C bin php bo v ngun li thy sn, ngun gen v cc loi ti nguyn sinh hc khc.

8.1.5.4.To cc iu kin cn thit p ng yu cu giao thng thy (nu c).

8.1.5.5. D kin cc bin php khc phc khi than bn v cc khi vt cht khc (nu c) b y ni
khi h tch nc.

8.1.6. Khai thc vng bn ngp

Cho php nghin cu thit k khai thc vng bn ngp sn xut ph hp vi ch ngp nhng
khng lm gim dung tch thit k, khng lm suy gim cht lng nc h hoc lm tng lng t b
xi mn qu mc cho php.

8.2. p

8.2.1. Yu cu chung

8.2.1.1. Tnh ton thit k p phi m bo an ton v bn v n nh ca thn p, nn p v

hai vai p trong trng hp thit k v kim tra. H s an ton v n nh, bn, bin dng chung
v cc b ca p v nn trong mi trng hp lm vic khng nh hn cc gi tr quy nh ti 7.2.

8.2.1.2. Kiu v kt cu p cn la chn trn c s so snh kinh t - k thut cc phng n, tu

thuc vo nhim v, thng s ca cng trnh, iu kin t nhin ti ch (kh hu, thy vn, a hnh, a
cht cng trnh, kin to khu vc v ng t, vt liu xy dng ti ch v.v....), b tr tng th ca cm
u mi, s t chc thi cng, thi hn thi cng, iu kin khai thc p, ngun nhn lc, vt liu v
trang thit b thi cng.

8.2.2. p t

8.2.2.1. Khi thit k p t phi m bo cc yu cu k thut c bn sau y:

a) C chiu cao an ton (k c chiu cao phng ln ca nn v thn p) m bo khng b trn

nc trong mi trng hp lm vic;

b) C cc cng trnh v thit b bo v p, chng c cc tc hi ca sng, gi, ma, nhit

v.v... cng nh cc yu t ph hoi khc;

c) Thm qua nn p, thn p, hai vai p, vng tip gip gia p vi nn, b v mang cc cng
trnh t trong p khng lm nh hng n lng nc tr trong h, khng gy xi ngm, khng
lm h hng p v gim tui th ca cng trnh;

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d) Nu cng trnh tho nc v cng trnh ly nc b tr trong thn p th chng phi c t trn
nn nguyn th n nh, phi c gii php phng chng thm dc theo mt tip xc gia t p ca
p vi cc cng trnh ny v m bo khng xi chn p khi x l;

e) Vng tip gip gia hai khi p trong p t khng ng cht phi m bo khng pht sinh hin
tng ph hoi t do thm li t t vng ny vo vng kia qu mc cho php, khng pht sinh vt
nt, khng to ra nhng vng c s thay i ng sut, bin dng t ngt trong p v nn;

f) Thit k phn on, phn t thi cng khng c to ra cc khe thi cng p t trn mt bng lin
thng t thng lu xung h lu. Khi thit k thi cng khi gia ti tng n nh nn v chn khay
h lu th phi coi n nh mt b phn ca mt ct p chnh thc. nh ca khi gia ti ny phi nm
trn im ra ca ng bo ho mt ct p thi cng t 1.

g) cht K ca t p (h s m nn) nh sau:

- Vi p t t cp II tr ln v cc loi p xy dng vng c ng t t cp VII tr ln: K 0,97;

- Vi cc p t cp III tr xung v cng trnh t khc: K 0,95.

8.2.2.2. Hnh dng v kch thc mt ct ngang ca p khi thit k phi tho mn yu cu sau:

a) Cao trnh nh p phi m bo theo quy nh ti khon a ca 8.2.2.1;

b) Chiu rng nh p ph thuc vo cp cng trnh, iu kin giao thng, thi cng v qun l khai
thc nhng khng nh hn 10 m i vi p cp c bit v cp I, khng di 5 m i vi p t cp
II tr xung. Khi c kt hp s dng lm ng giao thng th mt p phi m bo cc quy nh ca
giao thng nhng b rng khng c nh hn cc yu cu nu trn;

c) Mi p phi c bo v chng li tc ng ph hoi ca sng, ma cng nh cc yu t ph

hoi khc v m bo n nh trong mi iu kin lm vic ca p;

d) Nhng p c chiu cao trn 15 m phi c c. Chnh lch cao gia hai c lin tip trn cng mt
mi p khng qu 15 m. Chiu rng ca c khng nh hn 3,0 m. Nu c p pha h lu c kt hp
lm ng giao thng th b rng v kt cu ca c phi m bo cc quy nh ca ng giao thng.
Mi thng lu phi b tr c gii hn di ca lp gia c chnh to thnh gi cn thit.

8.2.2.3. Khi tnh ton thm v bn thm phi xc nh mt ct c bn tnh ton xc nh cc

tham s sau y ca dng thm trong thn p, nn p v b vai p:

a) V tr b mt dng thm (ng bo ho) ti cc mt ct in hnh trong thn p v cc vai p;

b) Gradient ct nc (hoc p lc ct nc) ca dng thm trong thn p v nn: v tr dng thm
chy vo vt tiu nc hoc i ra mi p, mi b vai, mt tip xc gia cc lp t c c trng
khc nhau v ranh gii ca cc c cu chng thm;

c) Lu lng nc thm qua thn, nn v cc vai p;

d) Nu cu trc a cht nn hoc t p khng ng nht hoc d hng cn xt thm cc c im

ring khi xc nh cc tham s dng thm.
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8.2.2.4. Thit k gia c bo v mi p phi tho mn cc yu cu sau y:

a) Kt cu bo v mi v vt liu dng gia c mi phi m bo n nh, bn vng di tc ng

ca p lc sng; khng b n mn, bin dng trong iu kin mi trng kh t lin tc;

b) C c cu lc ngc m bo ngn nga vt liu t thn p v cc ht nh ca lc b ko ht ra

ngoi.

8.2.3. p

8.2.3.1. Thc hin theo quy nh ti 8.2.2.2; cc khon a, b, c, d ca 8.2.2.1 v khon a ca 8.2.2.3.

8.2.3.2. Nhng b phn p lin quan n kt cu chng thm nh li chng thm, bn chn, tng
li phi t trn nn t tt.

8.2.3.3. Nn ca lng tr phi t trn phong ho c m un bin dng khng thp hn m

un bin dng ca khi p.

8.2.3.4. Nu trong tuyn p c on nn l ct cui si dy kh bc b trit , cho php dng lm

nn p p khi c cc gii php x l kt cu, chng thm, lm cht v gii php thi cng thch
ng. cht tng i ca ct cui si nn khng c thp hn 75 %. Phi kim sot ln, bin
dng trnh hin tng nt tch, treo li.

8.2.3.5. Cho php b tr trn tm x l thi cng qua thn p p xy d nhng phi c bin php
cng trnh m bo an ton cho p v cng trnh h cha nc.

CH thch: Yu cu k thut khi tnh ton thit k p t hn hp tng t thit k p t v thit k p

8.2.4. p b tng trng lc

8.2.4.1. nh ca p khng trn phi c cao an ton so vi mc nc ln nht trc p v

khng sng trn qua. B rng nh p phi p ng yu cu thi cng, qun l, khai thc, giao
thng v cc yu cu khc (nu c). Khi c kt hp s dng lm ng giao thng th cc kch thc
v cu to nh p phi m bo cc quy nh ca giao thng. Khi khng c yu cu giao thng, b
rng nh p khng c nh hn 3,0 m.

8.2.4.2. Tnh ton thm v bn thm thc hin theo quy nh ti khon c ca 8.2.2.1. Khi nn p
khng phi l th phi to ra ng vin thm di t (ng tip gip gia cc b phn kn nc
ca p vi nn) gm: y mng p, sn trc, vt chn nc ng (c, chn khay, tng ho, mn
chng thm v.v) di m bo bn thm chung ca nn v bn thm cc b cc v tr
nguy him.

8.2.5. Cc loi p khc

Cho php nghin cu p dng cc loi hnh p mi, cng ngh xy dng mi ang c p dng ti
cc nc tin tin nhm khc phc nhng nhc im ca cc loi p truyn thng. Bt k loi p
no khi p dng vo cng trnh c th phi m bo lm vic an ton, n nh (n nh v cng ,
n nh v chng trt v chng lt, n nh v thm) trong cc trng hp thit k v kim tra.

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8.3. Cng trnh x nc, tho nc

8.3.1. Phi m bo cng trnh lm vic an ton, n nh trong cc trng hp tnh ton thit k v
kim tra. Phi ch ng x nc, tho nc theo quy trnh qun l, khai thc, m bo mc nc
trong h khng vt qu mc quy nh.

8.3.2. B tr tng th v kt cu cng trnh x nc, tho nc, gii php ni tip cng trnh vi h
lu phi m bo khi chng vn hnh p ng cc yu cu sau:

a) Khng lm nh hng n an ton, n nh ca cng trnh h cha nc cng nh iu kin qun

l vn hnh bnh thng ca chnh n;

b) Khi vn hnh x l thit k khng ph hoi iu kin t nhin ca lng sng h lu, khng lm nh
hng n cc hot ng kinh t - x hi, khng nh hng n vic khai thc bnh thng ca cc
cng trnh thy li lu di bc thang di, khng gy h hng cho cng trnh xy dng khc khu
vc pha h lu cng trnh x nc, tho nc. Khi c cng trnh vn ti thy phi m bo cho dng
chy v lu tc h lu khng nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca tu thuyn;

c) Khi khai thc trng hp lm vic vi mc nc kim tra, cho php:

- Cng trnh ly nc lm vic khc vi iu kin khai thc bnh thng nhng khng dn n tnh
hung s c cho cc i tng dng nc;

- Tho nc qua ng dn kn vi ch thy lc thay i (t khng p sang c p v ngc li)

nhng khng dn n ph hng ng dn;

- Lng dn v mi dc h lu cng trnh u mi b xi l nhng s h hng ny khng e do ph

hy cc hng mc chnh ca cng trnh u mi cng nh s an ton ca cc khu dn c, khu cng
nghip v c s h tng h lu;

- C h hng cng trnh x d phng nhng s h hng ny khng nh hng n s an ton ca

cng trnh chnh.

8.3.3. Lu lng x tnh ton trong qu trnh khai thc qua cc cng trnh x - tho - chuyn nc lu
di ca cng trnh u mi cn xc nh xut pht t lu lng l thit k quy nh ti 5.2.1 v bng 4
c xt n s bin i ca n do tc ng iu tit li ca cc h cha hin c hoc ang thit k v
s thay i iu kin hnh thnh dng chy do nhng hot ng kinh t - x hi trong lu vc.

8.3.4. Khi xc nh lu lng ln nht thit k v kim tra ca cng trnh u mi trn sng khai thc
theo s bc thang cn xt n cp ca bn thn cng trnh, v tr ca n trong bc thang, nng lc
x - tho - chuyn nc ca cm cng trnh u mi bc trn ng vi mc nc dng bnh thng
v mc nc gia cng (khi x l thit k v l kim tra), quy nh vn hnh khai thc cng trnh thy
v h cha ca cc bc thang, dng chy nhp lu ca cc sng nhnh vo on sng thng lu
tip cn vi cng trnh u mi ang thit k.

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8.3.5. Nhng h cha nc t cp I tr ln, ngoi trn x l chnh phi b tr thm trn x l d
phng (trn x l vt l kim tra). H cha nc t cp II tr xung c b tr trn x l d phng
khi c lun c tho ng v c ch u t chp thun:

a) Trn x l chnh phi lun nng lc x c l thit k v l kim tra;

b) Trn x l d phng kt hp vi trn x l chnh phi x c trn l vt l kim tra, m bo

nc h khng trn qua nh p t. Tn sut ca trn l vt l kim tra ly theo quy nh sau:

- Cng trnh cp c bit: l tn sut 0,01 % (tng ng vi chu k lp li 1 000 nm) hoc l cc hn;

- Cng trnh t cp I tr xung : ly bng tn sut l kim tra tng ng vi cp cng trnh c tng
thm mt bc (xem bng 4);

c) Cho php cp cng trnh trn x l d phng thp hn cp cng trnh trn x l chnh;

d) Khi khng c iu kin b tr cng trnh x l d phng ring bit, cho php nghin cu m rng
cng trnh x chnh hoc nng cao p tng dung tch iu tit ca h hoc kt hp c hai m
bo x c trn l vt l kim tra;

e) Vic xc nh m hnh trn l vt l kim tra v cp cng trnh x l d phng do t vn thit k

xut, c cp quyt nh u t chp thun.

8.3.6. H cha nc c cng trnh x l bng ging tho l hoc ng hm tho l bt buc phi b
tr cng trnh x l vt thit k (trn s c).

8.3.7. Ngoi trn x l chnh, cho php nghin cu kh nng s dng cc cng trnh khc c trong
cm cng trnh u mi c tham gia x l, x lu lng dn dng thi cng v x bn ct trong qu
trnh khai thc.

8.3.8. Cho php b tr cng trnh x l ngay nh p v trong thn p chn nc bng b tng
hoc trn p m nn b tng bn mt nhng phi m bo an ton cho p trong qu trnh thi
cng v khai thc. i vi cc loi p chn nc xy dng bng vt liu t nhin c sn ti a
phng nh p t, p p, p hn hp t v.v... phi b tr cng trnh x l tch khi p
chn nc.

8.3.9. Cng trnh x l cho nhng cng trnh t cp I tr ln hoc cng trnh cp II nhng c iu kin
thy lc phc tp phi lm th nghim m hnh lun chng tnh hp l v b tr v thit k thy lc.

8.3.10. Kt cu ca cng trnh x l, tho nc v cc b phn ni tip ca chng c tnh ton thit
k vi cc trng hp khai thc c bn v phi kim tra li vi trng hp bt thng m bo an
ton cho cng trnh v khng cho php nc trn qua nh tuyn chu p. Cc trng hp tnh ton
bao gm:

a) Lm vic vi mc nc thit k ln nht thng lu cng trnh u mi: Cc cng trnh x nc,
tho nc khi gp l thit k c m hon ton, tt c cc tuc bin u lm vic, cc cng trnh tho,
chuyn nc khc lm vic ch khai thc bnh thng. Khi khai thc trng hp ny cc hng

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mc trong cng trnh u mi k c phn ni tip thng h lu cng trang thit b phi bo m lm
vic bnh thng, khng b hng hc. Ti trng v tc ng ng vi trng hp ny c tnh theo t
hp ti trng c bn. Khi c lun c tho ng cho php xt n kh nng mt s ca x b kt;

b) Lm vic vi mc nc ln nht kim tra thng lu cng trnh u mi: Tt c cc cng trnh
tho nc, x nc, chuyn nc v.v nu khon a v cng trnh x d phng khi gp l kim tra
u c m hon ton. Khng xt n kh nng ca x b kt. Ti trng v tc ng ng vi trng
hp ny c tnh theo t hp ti trng c bit ;

c) Xt thm mt s t hp m ca khc va p ng mc tiu thit k va bo m an ton cng

trnh khi vn hnh iu tit l hoc s c c th xy ra;

d) Xt n kh nng xy ra trn l vt l kim tra.

CH THCH: Trng hp tnh ton nu khon a ca 8.3.10 nu xy ra tnh trng mt ca x chnh b kt khng
hot ng, c xp vo trng hp tnh ton theo t hp ti trng c bit.

8.3.11. Khi quyt nh lu lng x n v (t lu), vn tc lng dn h lu, ch ni tip dng

chy h lu, kt cu cng trnh chnh, bin php tiu nng v gia c khu vc h lu phi cn c vo
kt qu so snh ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca cc phng n.

8.3.12. Cng trnh tho nc, x su phi c ca van chnh v ca van sa cha p ng cc yu
cu sau y:

a) Ca van sa cha - s c b tr pha trc ca van chnh;

b) Khi khng c kh nng tho cn l phn vo ca cng trnh x su th ngoi ca van chnh v
van sa cha - s c phi b tr thm ca van sa cha hoc phai sa cha t pha trc;

c) Khi ngng cng trnh tho nc, x su thp hn mc nc h lu th phn sau mt ct ra ca

cng phi b tr thm ca van sa cha loi di chuyn c, hoc phai sa cha;

d) Lp quy trnh vn hnh cc ca ni trn theo s khai thc in hnh.

8.3.13. Khi la chn kiu ca van v my nng phi cn c vo tc ln ca l, kh nng tch nc

thng h lu, yu cu bo m lu lng ti thiu cho h lu, trong bao gm c trng hp ct
t ngt mt phn hoc ton b ph ti ca nh my thy in quyt nh.

8.3.14. Khi ca van ca cng trnh x su l ca phng c din tch trn 60 m2 song li c yu cu
tho lu lng nh hn ng k so vi kh nng tho ca mt l cng th phi thit k mt l tho
ring nh hn tho mn yu cu ny.

8.4. Cng trnh ly nc

8.4.1. Tnh ton thit k cng trnh ly nc phi m bo cc yu cu sau y:

a) Lm vic an ton, n nh trong cc trng hp thit k v kim tra;

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b) Ly lu lng v tng lng nc theo yu cu ca cc i tng s dng nc;

c) C kh nng iu chnh lng nc cp v ch ng ngng cp khi cn kim tra, sa cha theo

quy trnh vn hnh hoc cc trng hp gp s c;

d) Phi b tr li chn rc, thit b hoc phng tin thu gom rc, bc phn vo, b lng ct, hnh
lang tho ra v.v ngn nga v loi b bn ct, rc ri v vt tri ni xm nhp vo ng dn;

e) Thun li cho thi cng, qun l, kim tra, duy tu bo dng, sa cha v p dng tin b khoa hc
k thut nh in kh ho v t ng ho.

8.4.2. Kiu kt cu v b tr tng th ca cng trnh ly nc c la chn phi ph hp vi nhim

v ca cng trnh v tu thuc vo kiu ng dn (c p, khng p hoc hn hp; iu tit v khng
t iu tit); c im ca cng trnh thu nc (kiu c p, kiu khng p); iu kin t nhin nh
ch thy vn, dng chy bn ct, hnh thi b, s hin din ca c rc, vt ni, ch vn hnh v
bi lng thng lu cng trnh. Khi vn hnh ly nc vo ng dn c p phi m bo khng
ht theo khng kh v c tn tht ct nc l t nht. Ca ly nc c thit k gm mt s n
nguyn khi cn thit c th tch ri tng n nguyn tin hnh sa cha hoc no vt.

8.4.3. Cng trnh ly nc t h cha, ngoi vic thc hin cc quy nh ti 8.4.1 cn phi m bo
cc yu cu sau y:

a) Trong thi gian khai thc quy nh bng 11 ngng ca ly nc khng b bn ct bi lp. Khi xy
ra qu trnh ti to ng b khng lm nh hng n tuyn dn nc;

b) i vi cng trnh ly nc l cng ngm:

- Thn cng ngm phi t trc tip trn nn t nguyn th hoc o rnh t trong nn (vi iu kin
sc chu ti v bin dng ca t nn tho mn yu cu trong tnh ton thit k). Khng t cng trn
nn t p;

- Ch dng chy trong cng c th c p, khng p hoc bn p. Khng xy ra trng hp chy

bn p m ca vo v ca ra ca cng u ngp nc (c p) cn khu gia ca cng li khng c p;

- Cng ly nc t di p t hoc p ca cc h cha nc c dung tch t 20 x 106 m3 tr

ln u phi t trong hnh lang di p thun li cho cng tc kim tra, sa cha v m bo
iu kin lm vic an ton cho cng v p;

- Cng trnh ly nc l ng hm phi p ng yu cu quy nh ti 8.10;

c) i vi cng trnh ly nc l ng ng nm trong thn p b tng hoc b tng ct thp phi

p ng yu cu quy nh trong xy dng p b tng v b tng ct thp.

8.4.4. Chn kiu cng trnh ly nc t sng tu thuc vo cc loi mc nc thit k trn sng v
cao trnh mc nc yu cu trong ng dn chnh, c xt n iu kin thy vn, a hnh v a cht
ti ch. Cng trnh ly nc khng p c s dng trong trng hp mc nc sng lun m bo
cao hn cao trnh mc nc yu cu ca ng dn chnh. Trng hp mc nc sng ti tuyn

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cng trnh ly nc thp hn mc nc yu cu ca ng dn chnh th phi dng cng trnh ly

nc c p. Cho php thay th cng trnh ly nc c p bng trm bm thng qua tnh ton so
snh hiu qu u t.

8.4.5. Mc nc tnh ton thng lu cng trnh ly nc quy nh sau:

a) Vi cng trnh ly nc khng p: mc nc tng ng vi lu lng tnh ton ln nht thit k

v kim tra ti tuyn cng trnh c xc nh ph hp vi cc yu cu quy nh ti 5.2.1;

b) Vi cng trnh ly nc c p: mc nc tng ng thng lu p khi x lu lng tnh ton

ln nht thit k v kim tra.

8.4.6. m bo iu kin vn hnh khai thc v phng nga s c cho bn thn cng trnh, cho
ng dn v trang thit b cng ngh ca cc cng trnh pha sau, cn trang b cc loi ca van
thch hp cho ca nhn nc. Loi ca van, s lng, v tr c xc nh theo nhim v c th ca
tng cng trnh.

8.4.7. m bo nc a vo ng dn c trong cn thit, khi thit k phi d kin cng trnh

lng ct cng cc thit b thch hp v c quyt nh trn c s tnh ton kinh t - k thut.

8.4.8. Khi thit k cng trnh thu nc v ly nc cho h thng cp nc sinh hot v nc cho cc
ngnh sn xut khc phi tun th yu cu ca quy nh v thit k mng li bn ngoi v cng trnh
cp nc tng ng.

8.5. B lng ct

8.5.1. Thit k b lng ct v cc thit b c lin quan phi m bo cc yu cu sau y:

a) Gi li trong b cc ht bn ct c ln vt qu tr s cho php ly c nc c trong

ph hp vi yu cu cht lng. ln ca ht bn ct cho php a vo ng dn c xc nh
trn c s tn dng lng ph sa c ch mc ti a; hn ch hoc khng gy bi lng hoc xi l
knh dn; khng lm gim tui th trang thit b cng ngh di mc quy nh v.v;

b) m bo cp nc c trong ph hp p ng yu cu ca cc i tng s dng nc;

c) Ch ng loi b bn ct lng ng trong bung lng khi cn thit.

8.5.2. Tnh ton thit k b lng ct trn knh ca h thng ti phi cn c vo thnh phn bn ct
ca nm c c trung bnh v kim tra kh nng lm vic ca b theo nm c c ln nht c
xt n ch lm vic ca knh.

8.5.3. V tr b lng ct cn t trong phm vi cm u mi hoc u ng dn chnh c xt n

cc iu kin sau:

a) iu kin a hnh v a cht ti ch cho php b tr ng dn nc ti b lng ct c kch thc

v ch chy thch hp nhng ht bn ct c hi lng ng trong b lng;

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b) C kh nng x b bn ct lng ng ra khi bung lng hoc dn ng trong b no vt nh k

bng c gii.

8.5.4. Chn kiu bung lng thau ra lin tc hoc nh k bng phng php thy lc hay lm sch
bng c gii phi tin hnh trn c s so snh kinh t - k thut v da trn cc c s sau y:

a) Bung lng thau ra bng thy lc p dng cho nhng ni c lng nc tha phong ph, tuyn
thau ra c dc thy lc;

b) Khi khng chnh ct nc xi ra ton b lp lng ng trong b cn s dng bung lng

thau ra kiu hn hp: bn ct ht nh c loi b bng phng php thy lc, bn ct ht ln c
dn sch bng c gii;

c) Cc b lng ct kiu mt bung thau ra nh k ch p dng khi c php ngng cp nc hon

ton hoc c php cp nc cha x l (th) trong thi gian thau ra.

8.6. Trm bm

8.6.1. Thit k trm bm phi m bo cng trnh vn hnh an ton, n nh vi cc trng hp thit
k; thun li trong qun l, khai thc, bo dng v sa cha. Phi bm c lu lng khng nh
hn lu lng yu cu khi lm vic vi mc nc khai thc thp nht quy nh bng 6, bm c
lu lng thit k khi lm vic vi tn sut thit k v cc quy nh sau:

a) Khi vn hnh vi ct nc thng xuyn xut hin trong t bm, my bm v ng c c lm

vic trong vng c hiu sut cao nht v bm c lu lng thit k;

b) Vi trm bm tiu khi vn hnh vi mc nc ngoi sng tng ng tn sut 5 % khng xut hin
kh thc v qu ti ng c, khng gy ra h hng v cng trnh cng nh cc thit b c, in khc;

c) Vi trm bm cp nc: phi cp nc v kp thi cho cc i tng s dng nc v theo biu

dng nc.

8.6.2. ng qu trnh lu lng nc cn bm c xc nh thng qua tnh ton cn bng nc

ton lu vc tiu (hoc h thng cp nc) do trm bm ph trch c xt n nhng yu t sau:

- Cc thng s thy vn ca ngun cp nc (i vi trm bm cp nc) v ca ni nhn nc tiu

(i vi trm bm tiu);

- Cc thng s tnh ton ca lu vc (hoc h thng) thit k nh: s lng, quy m v nhu cu nc
cn cp hoc cn tiu ca cc i tng c mt trong lu vc; mc tn tht nc trong qu trnh
chuyn nc; kh nng chuyn ti nc ca lu vc; s khai thc c chp nhn v.v;

- i vi trm bm cp nc: lu lng ca ngun nc cn li sau khi bm chy xung h lu phi

p ng yu cu cho cc h dng nc pha h lu v yu cu dng chy mi trng.

8.6.3. Thit k nh t my bm phi m bo iu kin lm vic an ton v thun li cho cng tc

qun l; c sn lp rp, sa cha v sn b tr cc thit b phc v cng tc qun l vi din tch mt
bng ph hp; c h thng thng gi v chiu sng ph hp; c cc hnh lang v cu thang ni lin

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thng gia cc tng ca nh my; c gii php vn chuyn my mc, thit b ph hp; c rnh thu
nc, ging tp trung nc v lp t thit b bm ph hp tiu nc r r vo trong nh my.

8.6.4. Thit k b ht phi m bo dng chy t knh dn vo b ht v t b ht vo my bm

thun dng vi tn tht ct nc l thp nht. Dung tch tr nc trong bung ht (Whut) tnh t sau
li chn rc khi lm vic vi mc nc khai thc thp nht quy nh bng 6 cho cc trng hp
lm vic khng nh hn tng lng nc m my bm c th bm c trong 20 s : Whut 20 Qbm.

8.6.5. Khi thit k b x ca trm bm phi c cc gii php thch hp t c cc yu cu sau:

a) Tiu hao ht ng nng ca nc chy ra t ng y vo b x;

b) Loi b ht bn ct lng ng trong b x;

c) Ni tip dng chy gia b x vi knh x hoc vi ng dn l thun.

8.6.6. Ni tip ng y vi b x ca trm bm c th thc hin theo cc hnh thc sau y:

a) ng y bm nc trc tip vo b x. Mp trn ming ra ca ng y lun thp hn mc nc

thp nht trong b mt khong cch an ton. Cui mi ng y c b tr mt np van ngn dng
chy ngc khi dng bm. Trng hp khng c php h thp mc nc trong b x xung thp
hn cao trnh y np van ng x th phi trang b thm mt van trn ng y ngn dng chy
ngc khi tin hnh sa cha np van ng x;

b) Khi dng hnh thc xi phng ngc chuyn nc t ng y vo b x th ming ra ca xi phng

phi nm thp hn mc nc thp nht trong b x. Xi phng c trang b van np kh t ng
ph chn khng pht sinh trong xi phng khi dng bm, ngn dng chy ngc t b x v my bm;

c) Vic la chn phng n ni tip phi thng qua so snh v kinh t - k thut.

8.7. ng dn nc kn

8.7.1. ng dn kn (c mt ct ngang khp kn) phi m bo dn nc vi mi ch khai

thc d kin trong thit k.

8.7.2. Trong mi trng hp khai thc phi m bo ch dng chy trong ng dn l n nh

(n nh c p hoc n nh khng p). Nu lm vic theo ch c p phi m bo khng sinh ra
chn khng trong ng dn nc. Nu lm vic theo ch khng p phi c gii php a khng
kh vo trong ng dn nc. Cho php c s chuyn i t ch dng chy c p sang khng p
hoc ngc li xy ra trong mt thi gian ngn khi c lun c tho ng.

8.7.3. Khi thit k ng dn nc v cng trnh lin quan phi cn c vo kt qu tnh ton thy lc.
ng dn nc kn ca cng trnh cp c bit, cp I hoc cp II c hnh dng phc tp phi nghin
cu th nghim m hnh thy lc xc nh tn tht ct nc, xc nh mc nc cao nht v thp
nht trong ng dn khng p khi dng chy khng u khng n nh, xc nh p lc nc ln
nht v nh nht theo chiu di ng dn c p khi sinh ra nc va.

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8.7.4. ca nhn nc ca ng dn c p bng ng thp t h mt phn hoc h trn ton

tuyn cp nc phi b tr ca van sa cha pha trc v ca van s c cho tng ng ng
ring bit nhm m bo iu kin bo dng v ngt nhanh khi tuyn ng b v. Sau ca van s c
phi c gii php cp khng kh cho ng ng. Ngoi ra cn d kin bin php bo v phng
trnh cho nh trm khng b h hi hoc b ngp do v ng.

8.7.5. Khi xc nh mc nc ln nht tnh ton trong ng dn khng p phi xt n sng dng
sinh ra khi ct nhanh lc s c hoc ct ng thi ph ti ln nht khi khai thc.

8.7.6. Tnh ton nc va ng dn vo tuc bin, ng y trm bm cn xt cc trng hp sau:

a) Ct t ngt ton b ph ti nh my;

b) ng ph ti theo quy trnh khai thc cho n khi nh my t ton b cng sut.

8.7.7. Ca van sa cha - s c vn hnh theo ch hon ton t ng. Ngoi ra ca phi thit k
thm ch iu khin t xa v iu khin ti ch iu hnh trong nhng trng hp cn thit.

8.8. ng ng dn nc khc

8.8.1. Vic la chn kiu v kt cu ng ng dn phi tin hnh trn c s so snh kinh t - k
thut cc phng n c xt n nhim v ca ng ng, tr s ct nc, t nn, iu kin lp rp v
khai thc. Tuyn ng ng b tr i qua vng t ln t, t b sng nc, t bn, vng b ly ho
bt buc phi thit k t ng trn mt t, khi cn thit phi c bin php gia c t nn.

8.8.2. Khi thit k ng ng t h trn nn t phi b tr cc khp b dc theo chiu di ca

chng, k c on tip ni vi cc cng trnh xy c v.v m bo ln v bin dng nhit ca
cc on l tch bit nhau (c lp); hoc t trn mng b tng ct thp lin khi m bo cho
ng ng ln u. Cho php thit k ng dn bng thp khng c khp b khi c lun c tho ng
v trong nhng iu kin thch hp. Phi c bin php bo v chng g v chng n mn vt liu.

8.8.3. hai u v dc tuyn ng ng dn phi b tr cc ca quan st, thit b a nc lm y

dn ng ng, thit b cp hoc x khng kh.

8.8.4. Thit k ng ng dn bng b tng ct thp phi nh r tiu chun hn ch nt theo cc

iu kin n mn v chng thm.

8.9. ng hm thy cng

8.9.1. Thit k ng hm thy cng phi p ng yu cu s dng nhiu mc ch khc nhau nh

dn nc pht in, x l, x ct, tho cn h, dn dng thi cng, cung cp nc v.v.

8.9.2. La chn tuyn, kiu (c p hoc khng p) cng nh kt cu v hnh dng mt ct ngang ca
ng hm phi cn c vo nhim v ca chng, tnh ton so snh cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut cc
phng n v xt n cc yu t sau:

a) B tr tng th cm u mi, nh hng qua li gia ng hm vi cc cng trnh b tr trn mt

t v cng trnh ngm lin k;

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b) Chiu su t di mt t, tr s ct nc v ch thy lc ca ng hm;

c) iu kin a cht cng trnh v a cht thy vn;

d) iu kin thi cng.

8.9.3. Tuyn ng hm l tuyn thng vi chiu di ngn nht. Cho php p dng tuyn ng hm
khng thng nhng phi p ng cc yu cu sau y:

a) Ti ch cong, gc ngot ca ng hm khng nh hn 60 (vi tc dng chy di 10 m/s) v

bn knh cong khng nh hn 5 ln chiu su nc trong ng hm;

b) Khi tc dng chy trong ng hm vt qu 10 m/s phi th nghim m hnh xc nh cc tr

s ca gc ngot v bn kinh cong.

8.9.4. Chiu dy lp trn nh ng hm phi ln hn t nht 3 ln chiu rng ca ng hm.

i vi ng hm khng v th chiu dy tng ph phi to c p lc ln hn p lc nc ln
nht c th xut hin trong ng hm.

8.9.5. Loi b tuyn ng hm i qua tng t trng n.

8.9.6. Phi gii quyt trit vn tiu nng dng chy khu vc sau ca ra ca ng hm.

8.9.7. Kch thc mt ct ca ng hm phi p ng cc yu cu v mt s dng, iu kin thi

cng, sa cha, bo dng cng trnh nhng khng c nh hn tr s sau: chiu cao khng nh
hn 2,0 m v chiu rng khng di 1,5 m.

8.10. Knh dn nc

8.10.1. La chn v tr tuyn knh, dng knh, cc thng s k thut, tn tht u nc phi c lun
chng bng cch so snh phng n c xt n kh nng chuyn nc, kh nng p ng giao thng
thy (nu c), khi lng cng tc xy dng v trang thit b, phng thc vn hnh iu phi nc,
chi ph khai thc, yu cu bo v mi trng v.v.

8.10.2. Nu khng c yu cu khng ch cao mt nc th knh nn b tr trong khi o hoc na

o na p. Khi xc nh bn knh cong ca tuyn knh cn m bo kh nng i li ca thuyn b
(nu c) v khng gy xi l lng dn.

8.10.3. Cn d kin bin php chng ngp v snh ly ho vng t ven tuyn knh cng nh thc vt
thy sinh pht trin trong knh.

8.10.4. Khi thit k knh trong nhng iu kin phc tp nh i qua vng t ln t, trng n, t
cha mui d ho tan, trn sn dc l, nhng ni tuyn knh c th giao ct vi dng bn v.v,
cn xt n s thay i c trng ca t nn v t p trong thi gian khai thc sau ny. Trong
trng hp cn thit phi p dng cc gii php kt cu v cng ngh thi cng thch hp.

8.10.5. Vn tc dng nc trong knh c quyt nh theo iu kin khng gy xi hoc bi trong
lng dn. Cn d kin bin php phng nga tc nghn lng dn do rc, rong to, cy c ph mt.

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8.10.6. knh khng b xi l v h hi c hc do ma, do dng chy, do thm mt nc cn d

kin kt cu bo v thch hp.

8.10.7. dc mi knh phi xc nh t iu kin n nh mi dc.

8.10.8. m bo t tiu chun trong ca nc dng cn d kin cng trnh lng ct hoc thay
th bng gii php m rng kch thc on u knh. Hnh thc lng ct v x l khi bn ct lng
ng trong knh s c quyt nh thng qua tnh ton lun chng kinh t - k thut.

8.10.9. Nn chia knh dn nc thnh nhiu on thun li cho vic kim tra bo dng nh k.
Chiu di mi on knh c quyt nh theo iu kin c th c xt n c im t nhin v yu
cu khai thc sa cha.

8.10.10. Khi thit k knh cn xem xt kh nng s dng ngun nc b sung t sng sui giao ct.
Lng dng chy b sung l lng nc c bn ca sng sui sau khi tr phn lu lng phi cp
v h lu cho nhu cu duy tr dng chy mi trng.

8.10.11. Dc knh phi b tr ng qun l kim tra thng xuyn tnh trng ca knh. Nghin
cu xy dng hng ro cch ly ti nhng ni knh i qua khu vc nguy him, cc t im dn c, cc
cng trnh dn dng.

8.10.12. Khi s dng ngun nc b sung t cc sng sui phi tun th cc iu kin sau:

a) Cc ch tiu cht lng nc tuyn ly nc phi ph hp vi yu cu ca tiu chun nc dng;

b) Lng dng chy rn v thnh phn ht ca n phi ph hp vi kh nng chuyn ti ca knh.

8.10.13. Khi tnh ton thy lc knh phi xt n ch chy khng n nh xut hin khi lu lng v
mc nc thay i, nh hng ca nc dnh do gi, sng do gi v sng to thnh khi vn hnh
ca van, vn hnh t my, cng trnh iu tit, trm bm, u thuyn v.v

8.10.14. Trn cc on tuyn knh i qua c iu kin a hnh, a cht khng thun li nh a hnh
b chia ct cc b hay gp cc loi t d b xi hoc t yu v.v phi xem xt phng n thay th
on knh bng cng trnh ni tip ph hp (cu mng, xi phng v.v.).

8.10.15. Thit k knh a chc nng phi thc hin trn c s d bo nhu cu nc v yu cu cht
lng nc thch ng cho cc h dng nc trong vng d n m knh c nhim v cung cp.

8.10.16. Phi tn dng ti a kh nng kt hp pht trin giao thng nng thn khi tnh ton thit k
knh chuyn nc. Nu ph hp vi quy hoch giao thng th b knh c thit k theo tiu chun
ca ng giao thng. Khi thit k knh kt hp vn ti thy phi cn c vo loi tu thuyn v c cu
on tu xc nh cc mc nc tnh ton v kch thc ca knh, ng thi phi xt n cc yu
cu ca cng trnh u thuyn. Knh vn ti thy thng c thit k cho tu thuyn c th i li theo
hai chiu. Dc knh cn b tr cc bn bi nhng v tr thch hp.

8.10.17. Khi thit k cng trnh chui ngm qua y knh phi m bo dy tng ph pha trn
cng trnh ny khng lm ln y knh.

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8.11. Cng trnh bo v h cha v h lu cm cng trnh u mi

8.11.1. Phi d kin cng trnh bo v h cha v h lu cm cng trnh u mi nh bao, cng
trnh gia c b v.v nhm bo v ti a cc vng t c gi tr, cc i tng kinh t quc dn nh
thnh ph, c s cng nghip, t nng nghip, ci thin iu kin v sinh ca ao h v.v khi b ng
ngp v l b. Vic thit k cc cng trnh bo v c thc hin theo cc quy nh v thit k tng
ng do ch u t quy nh.

8.11.2. Khi tiu nc cho vng c bo v phi tnh n kh nng iu tit ti ch mt phn dng
chy gim bt quy m ca trm bm.

8.11.3. Khi thit k gia c b phi d bo s chuyn dch v xi su lng dn (nu c), s ti to b v
mc m bo n nh chung ca c on tuyn phi bo v.

8.11.4. vng t c bo v khi b ngp ng, phi d kin thit lp mng li h khoan quan trc
din bin ca nc ngm.

8.12. Cng trnh cho c i v cng trnh bo v thy sn

8.12.1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh thy li trn sng, h cha nc hoc ao m ni a vng c
gi tr thy sn phi d kin b tr xy dng cc cng trnh cho c i v cng trnh bo v thy sn.
n thit k cc cng trnh ny phi ph hp vi cc yu cu v quy nh v bo v ngun li thy sn.

8.12.2. Cc cng trnh cho c i phi m bo ng cho loi thy sn qua li thng xuyn hoc
qua li theo ma ph hp vi c tnh sinh hc ca loi thy sn c bo v.

8.12.3. Khi thit k cng trnh ly nc ao h nui thy sn phi d kin b tr cc dng c chuyn
ngnh ngn nga cc loi thy sn lt vo cng trnh ly nc.

8.13. Thit k kin c knh mng v cng trnh trn knh

8.13.1. Tnh ton thit k knh mng v cng trnh trn knh thc hin theo cc quy nh hin hnh.

8.13.2. Cc tuyn knh c la chn kin c phi xc nh r nhim v, ph hp vi quy hoch pht
trin tng th ca a phng, quy hoch thy li, quy hoch giao thng v quy hoch pht trin nng
thn mi.

8.13.3. Trn c s h thng cng trnh hin c, khi la chn tuyn knh kin c cn nh gi nhng
tn ti bc l trong qu trnh qun l khai thc xem xt iu chnh din tch v i tng phc v
hoc iu chnh tuyn knh cho ph hp vi thc t. i vi knh min ni cn c bin php trnh
hoc hn ch n mc thp nht tn tht do l qut hoc l t gy ra.

8.13.4. Cha kin c ho knh mt rung khi ng rung cha c quy hoch ci to.

8.13.5. Kin c ho knh mng phi p ng yu cu tit kim t, to iu kin m rng b knh
kt hp giao thng nng thn, ph hp vi xu th pht trin c gii ho nng nghip, thun tin cho
ngi dn i li, vn chuyn nng sn khi thu hoch.
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8.13.6. Nhng tuyn knh kin c c dng mt ct hnh ch nht, b knh c kt hp giao thng hoc
cho php ngi v gia sc i li phi c bin php cng trnh thch hp m bo an ton cho ngi
v cc phng tin cho php i li trn b knh.

8.13.7. Tu thuc vo yu cu c th ca tng tuyn knh (ngun nc cp vo knh, yu cu nc

cn cp, iu kin sn xut nng nghip v tp qun canh tc, iu kin a hnh, a cht v dn sinh
ni tuyn knh i qua, ch qun l khai thc), c im ca a phng m la chn hnh dng
v kch thc mt ct knh gia c, vt liu gia c knh, bin php k thut thi cng, x l nn ph hp.
Khi c yu cu, trn mi knh kin c c php b tr cc bc ln xung lng knh hoc cc cng
trnh ph tr thch hp ngi dn c th d dng ly nc trc tip bng cc phng tin th cng
nhng phi m bo khng lm nh hng n ch thy lc trong knh.

8.13.8. Thit k gia c mi knh bng kt cu b tng ct thp trc tip phi c bin php chng
mt nc xi mng khi thi cng, lp gia c phi dy m bo n nh, ph hp vi bin php thi
cng v bo v ct thp.

8.13.9. Gia c mi knh bng tm b tng c sn phi thit k cc tm c kch thc ln ph hp

vi iu kin vn chuyn, lp ghp v cht mch trnh c mc gia cc khe ni ng thi xem xt
gii php chng thm v chng tri t mi knh.

8.13.10. Thit k gia c mi knh bng xy hoc gch xy va thc hin theo cc yu cu k thut
v xy gch, .

8.13.11. i vi khu vc trung du, min ni, tuyn knh thng i men theo sn i, khi thit k kin
c ho cn c bit quan tm n cng trnh giao ct vi cc khe sui. Trong trng hp ny phi la
chn phng n gia xi phng v cu mng trnh l. Nhng on knh i qua vng t yu phi c
np y hoc ng ngm trnh t bi lp.

9. Quy nh v qun l

Quy chun k thut ny bt buc p dng i vi cc t chc, c nhn c lin quan n hot ng xy
dng cng trnh thy li trn lnh th Vit Nam.

10. T chc thc hin

Cc c quan qun l nh nc lin quan n hot ng xy dng cng trnh thy li Trung ng v
a phng phi t chc ph bin v thc hin quy chun ny. Trong qu trnh thc hin quy chun
nu c vng mc, hoc ngh b sung, chnh sa quy chun nhm nng cao cht lng hot ng
xy dng cng trnh thy li th cc t chc, c nhn ch ng xut ln B Nng nghip v Pht
trin nng thn xem xt, quyt nh.

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Ph lc A
(Quy nh)

Danh mc cc cng trnh ch yu v th yu

A.1. Cng trnh ch yu

Cc cng trnh thy li sau y c xp vo loi cng trnh ch yu:

a) , p cc loi;

b) Tng bin, tng chn, cng trnh cho c i trong tuyn chu p;

c) Cng trnh nhn nc, ly nc, thot nc v x nc;

d) Knh dn cc loi v cng trnh trn knh;

e) Trm bm, ng dn nc, ng hm thy cng;

f) B p lc v thp iu p;

g) Cng trnh gia c b v chnh tr sng;

h) Cng trnh thng tu (u thuyn, nng tu, p iu tit);

i) Cng trnh thy cng trong t hp xy dng nh my nhit in.

A.2. Cng trnh th yu

Cc cng trnh thy li sau y c xp vo loi th yu:

a) Tng phn cch;

b) Tng bin v tng chn khng nm trong tuyn chu p;

c) Cng trnh x d phng;

d) Cng trnh gia c b nm ngoi cm cng trnh u mi;

e) Cc cng trnh bo v c;

f) Cc ng mng cho b mng lm nghip v g cy xui v h lu;

g) Nh qun l cng trnh.

CH THCH:

Tu thuc vo mc tn tht c th gy ra khi b h hng hoc kh nng xy dng li gp nhiu kh khn, mt s

cng trnh th yu trong tng trng hp c th khi c lun chng thch ng c th chuyn thnh cng trnh ch yu.

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Ph lc B
(Quy nh)

Tnh ton h s an ton chung ca cng trnh v hng mc cng trnh

B.1. Khi tnh ton n nh, bn, ng sut, bin dng chung v cc b cho cc cng trnh thy li v
nn ca chng, phi tin hnh theo phng php trng thi gii hn. Cc tnh ton phi tin hnh theo
hai nhm trng thi gii hn:

a) Trng thi gii hn th nht: cng trnh, kt cu v nn ca chng lm vic trong iu kin khai thc
bt li nht gm: cc tnh ton v bn v n nh chung ca h cng trnh - nn; bn thm
chung ca nn v ca cng trnh t; bn ca cc b phn m s h hng ca chng s lm cho
vic khai thc cng trnh b ngng tr; cc tnh ton v ng sut, chuyn v ca kt cu b phn m
bn hoc n nh cng trnh chung ph thuc vo chng v.v...

b) Trng thi gii hn th hai: cng trnh, kt cu v nn ca chng lm vic bt li trong iu kin khai
thc bnh thng gm: cc tnh ton bn cc b ca nn; cc tnh ton v hn ch chuyn v v
bin dng, v s to thnh hoc m rng vt nt v mi ni thi cng; v s ph hoi bn thm cc
b hoc bn ca kt cu b phn m chng cha c xem xt trng thi gii hn th nht.

B.2. m bo an ton kt cu v nn ca cng trnh, trong tnh ton phi tun th iu kin quy
nh trong cng thc (B.1) hoc (B.2):

m
nc.Ntt .R (B.1)
Kn

Hoc:

R n .K
K = c n (B.2)
N tt m
trong :

nc l h s t hp ti trng, xc nh nh sau:

- Tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th nht :

T hp ti trng c bn : nc = 1,00;

T hp ti trng c bit : nc = 0,90;

T hp ti trng trong thi k thi cng v sa cha: nc = 0,95;

- Tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th hai : nc = 1,00;

K l h s an ton chung ca cng trnh;

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Ntt l ti trng tnh ton tng qut (lc, m men, ng sut), bin dng hoc thng s khc m
n l cn c nh gi trng thi gii hn;

R l sc chu ti tnh ton tng qut, bin dng hoc thng s khc c xc lp theo cc ti
liu tiu chun thit k;

m l h s iu kin lm vic. H s m xt ti loi hnh cng trnh, kt cu hoc nn, dng vt

liu, tnh gn ng ca s tnh, nhm trng thi gii hn v cc yu t khc c quy nh trong
cc ti liu tiu chun thit k hin hnh cho mi loi cng trnh, kt cu v nn khc nhau. H s iu
kin lm vic ca mt s cng trnh thy li in hnh quy nh bng B.1:

Kn l h s bo m c xt theo quy m, nhim v ca cng trnh:

- Khi tnh ton trng thi gii hn theo nhm th nht: Kn c xc nh theo cp cng trnh:

Cng trnh cp c bit ly Kn = 1,25;

Cng trnh cp I ly Kn = 1,20;

Cng trnh cp II, III v IV ly Kn = 1,15;

- Khi tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th hai ly Kn = 1,00 ;

- Khi tnh ton n nh cho mi dc t nhin, mi dc nhn to nm k st cng trnh khc c

h s bo m ln hn: phi ly h s bo m ca mi bng h s bo m ca cng trnh .

B.3. H s an ton nh nht v n nh ca cc hng mc cng trnh v h cng trnh - nn; h s an

ton nh nht v bn ca cc cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trong cng trnh thy li quy
nh ti iu 7.2 ca Quy chun ny.

B.4. Tr s ca cc h s sai lch v vt liu nvl v t n dng xc nh sc khng tnh ton ca

vt liu v cc c trng ca t c trong cc tiu chun thit k quy nh ring cho mi loi cng trnh,
kt cu v nn ca chng v c ch u t quy nh p dng. Khi cng trnh s dng khi lng ln
vt liu ti ch bao gm c vt liu t p, p v.v..., sc khng tnh ton ca vt liu c xc
nh thng qua x l thng k cc kt qu th nghim trong phng v nghin cu thc nghim hin
trng.

B.5. Tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th nht c thc hin vi ti trng tnh ton. Ti trng tnh
ton bng ti trng tiu chun nhn vi h s lch ti n (bng B.2). Ti trng tiu chun c trong cc
tiu chun kho st thit k quy nh ring cho mi loi cng trnh, kt cu v nn ca chng v do ch
u t quy nh p dng.

B.6. Tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th hai cho cng trnh, kt cu v nn c thc hin vi h
s lch ti n, h s sai lch v vt liu nvl v t n u ly bng 1,0 tr cc trng hp c ch u
t quy nh c th trong tiu chun kho st thit k ring.

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B.7. Cc ni dung cn thit phi tnh ton, cc gi nh trng hp tnh ton, s tnh cho cng
trnh v nn phi ph hp vi kh nng c th xy ra, tun th y cc quy nh v kho st thit k
do ch u t quy nh p dng v cui cng phi tm c li gii bt li nht. Trong nhng trng
hp cn thit cn phi xem xt thm cc yu t sau:

a) Trnh t thi cng v trnh t cht ti ca cc b phn cng trnh;

b) nh hng ca cc tc ng ca nhit , co ngt v tc ng ca p lc thm t bin;

c) Cc bin dng phi tuyn n hi v do cng nh tnh t bin ca vt liu cu thnh cng trnh v
nham thch nn;

d) Tnh ri rc ca cu trc thn cng trnh v nn ca chng ( nt n v.v...);

e) Tnh khng ng nht ca vt liu xy dng, nham thch nn v tnh d hng ca chng.

B.8. Khi tnh ton cc kt cu cng trnh nn b ln phi xt ti ni lc pht sinh trong chng do bin
dng ca nn gy ra. ln v chnh lch ln phi nm trong gii hn cho php, khng gy bt li
cho khai thc v bn, bin dng ca cng trnh, kt cu tng b phn hoc gia cc b phn vi
nhau.

B.9. Nhng cng trnh dn, tho, x nc t cp I tr ln phi th nghim m hnh thy lc xc
nh kh nng dn tho nc, kim tra ch thy lc, vn tc, p lc nc ln cng trnh, gii php
ni tip cng trnh vi thng h lu, bin php gia c chng mi mn, xm thc v.v..., xc nh hnh
dng, kch thc cc b phn, la chn phng n b tr tng th cm cng trnh u mi mt cch
hp l v kinh t nht. Cng tc ny cng c php p dng cho cc cng trnh cp II c hnh dng
ng dn phc tp m nhng ch dn tnh ton thy lc thng thng khng t c tin cy cn
thit, ng thi trong thc t cha c hnh mu xy dng tng t khi cha c lun chng tho ng.

Bng B.1 - H s iu kin lm vic ca mt s loi cng trnh thy li

H s iu kin lm vic
Loi cng trnh v loi nn
(m)

1. Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn t v na cng 1,00

2. Cng trnh b tng v b tng ct thp trn nn :

- Khi mt trt i qua cc khe nt trong nn 1,00

- Khi mt trt i qua mt tip xc gia b tng v hoc i trong

0,95
nn c mt phn qua cc khe nt, mt phn qua nguyn khi

3. p vm v cc cng trnh ngn chng khc trn nn 0,75

4. Cc mi dc t nhin v nhn to 1,00

CH THCH:
Trong cc trng hp cn thit, khi c lun chng thch ng, ngoi cc h s nu trong bng, c php ly cc h s
iu kin lm vic b sung xt ti c im ring ca cc kt cu cng trnh v nn ca chng.

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 QCVN 04 - 05 : 2012/BNNPTNT

Bng B.2 - H s lch ti n

H s lch ti
Tn ti trng v tc ng
(n)

1. Trng lng bn thn cng trnh (khng k trng lng t, lp o ng hm) 1,05 (0,95)
2. Trng lng bn thn ca lp o ng hm 1,20 (0,80)
3. p lc thng do trng lng t gy ra 1,10 (0,90)
4. p lc bn ca t 1,20 (0,80)
5. p lc bn ct 1,20
6. p lc : - Trng lng ca khi to vm 1,50
- p lc ngang ca 1,20 (0,80)
7. Trng lng ca ton b lp t, trn ng hm hoc trng lng vng b
1,10 (0,90)
ph hy v.v... (p lc thng ng do trng lng t gy ra)
8. p lc nc trc tip ln b mt cng trnh v nn, p lc sng, p lc nc y
ngc cng nh p lc nc thm, p lc k rng 1,00
9. p lc tnh ca nc ngm ln lp o ng hm 1,10 (0,90)
10. p lc nc bn trong ng hm (k c nc va) 1,00
11. p lc mch ng ca nc 1,20
12. p lc ca va khi pht xi mng 1,20 (1,00)
13. Ti trng thng ng v nm ngang ca my nng, bc d, vn chuyn cng
nh ti trng ca cc thit b cng ngh c nh 1,20
14. Ti trng xp kho trong phm vi bn xp d, hot ng ca cu ln 1,30
15. Ti trng do gi 1,30
16. Ti trng do tu thuyn 1,20
17. Tc ng ca nhit v m 1,10
18. Tc ng ca ng t 1,10
19. Ti trng bc hng khi 1,30 (1,00)

CH THCH:
1) H s lch ti do tu chy trn ng st, xe chy trn ng t phi ly theo tiu chun thit k cu;
2) Cho php ly h s lch ti bng 1,00 i vi trng lng ca bn thn cng trnh, p lc thng ng do trng lng
ca khi t p, nu trng lng ca khi c xc nh t cc gi tr tnh ton c trng ca t (trng lng
ring v c trng bn), cn b tng c xc nh t c trng vt liu (trng lng ring ca b tng v cc c
trng khc) ph hp vi cc tiu chun th nghim v tiu chun thit k nn hin hnh;
3) Ch s dng cc h s lch ti ghi trong ngoc n khi kt qu tnh ton th hin cng trnh trong tnh trng bt li
hn.

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