MANUEL ACUNA ROXAS
Cause of Death: Heart Attack
Father: Gerardo Arroyo Roxas I
Mother: Rosario Villacruz Acua
Spouse: Trinidad de Leon-Roxas
Obtained Law degree
First president of the Independent
Republic of the Philippines
led the Philippine Independence
Mission with Sergio Osmena
was marred by graft and corruption
After the Roxas inaugural address
was the public signing of the US-
Philippine Treaty of General
Relations
US-Philippine Treaty of General
Relations
Philippine Trade Act (The Bell Trade
Act) Philippine Rehabilitation Act
(Tydings Rehabilitation Act)
Military Bases Agreement
Surplus War Property Scandal
Hukbalahap and the Pambansang
Kaisahan ng mga Magbubukid was
marred by two failures: the failure to
curb graft and corruption, as
evidenced by the Surplus War
Property scandal; and the failure to
check and stop the communist
Hukbalahap movement.
Graduated as class valedictorian and
1st place in the BAR exams (92%)
face is on the 100 peso bill
The First and the Last
ELPIDIO QUIRINO Y RIVERA
Parents Don Mariano Quirino &
Doa Gregoria Mendoza Rivera
Highest Educational Achievement
Law Degree - University of the
Philippines College of Law (1915)
Spouse Alicia (Alma) Syquia
Kids Tomas, Armando, Norma,
Victoria, Fe
Death February 29, 1956 (heart
attack)
Established the Rural Bankings
Established the hydroelectric project
in Lanao
Burgos irrigation project in
Zambales
Post war reconstruction
considered as most corrupt
rst president to undergo
impeachment trial
Golden Orinola
Permitting immorality in the armed
forces
Neglecting the problems of the
masses
Involvement in the American
government
became barrio teacher
passed civil examination
graduated in College of Law in UP
was a lawyer and a professor
established Central Bank of the
Philippines on January 2, 1947 as
Secretary of Finance
rst Secretary of Foreign Affairs
It was the only time in Philippine
history where the duly elected
president, vice president and senators
all came from the same party, the
Liberal Party.
April 17, 1948, taking his oath of ofce
two days after the death of Manuel
Roxas. His rst ofcial act as the
President was the proclamation of a
state mourning throughout the
country for Roxas' death. Since
Quirino was a widower, his surviving
daughter Victoria Quirino Gonzalez
[Vicky] would serve as the ofcial
hostess and perform the functions
traditionally ascribed to the First
Lady.
On July 17, 1948, the Congress
approved Republic Act No. 333,
amending Commonwealth Act No.
502, declaring Quezon City the capital
of the Philippines in place of Manila.
To bring the government closer to the
people, he revived President Quezon's
"reside chats
RAMON DEL FIERRO
MAGSAYSAY SR.
Parents: Exequiel Magsaysay y
de los Santos (a blacksmith)
Perfecta del Fierro y Quimson
(schoolteacher)
Wife: Luz Banzon-Magsaysay
Children: Teresita Banzon-
Magsaysay, Milagros Banzon-
Magsaysay, Ramon Banzon-
Magsaysay, Jr. (former senator)
Cause of death: Plane
crash in Mt. Manunggal in
Cebu
had a Bachelor's degree
in Commerce from the
Institute of Commerce of
Jose Rizal College
Then worked as an
automobile mechanic in a
bus company (Florida) and
shop superintendent.
chairman of the House
National Defense
Committee.
In 1950, Philippines
President Elpidio Quirino
appointed Magsaysay
secretary of defense to
deal with the threat of
the Huks, whose leader,
Luis Taruc, had called
for the overthrow of the
government.
Won the election against
Quirino
sworn into office wearing
the Barong Tagalog, a
first by a Philippine
president
Was called Mambo
Magsaysay
He led the foundation of
the Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization, also known as the
Manila Pact of 1954
opened the Malacaang
Palaces gate to the
public
The Philippines placed
second on a ranking of
Asia's clean and well-
governed countries
established the Presidential
Complaints and Action Committee
(PCAC)
President Ramon Magsaysay was
genuinely pro-Filipino. For
instance, he wore the
traditional barong
tagalog during his inauguration
and thereafter, used the
Ilokano wine called basi to
exchange toasts with foreign
diplomats
CARLOS POLESTICO GARCIA
was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator,
lawyer, public official, political
economist, organized guerrilla and
Commonwealth military leader, who was
the eighthPresident of the Philippines.
Garcia refused to cooperate with the
Japanese during the war. He did not
surrender when he was placed on the
wanted list with a price on his head. He
instead and took part in the guerilla
activities and served as adviser in the
free government organized in Bohol.
running mate of Ramn Magsaysay
Garcia acted as chairman of the eight-
nation Southeast Asian Security
Conference held in Manila in September
1954, which led to the development of
the Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization (SEATO)
President Garcia's first actions dealt
with the declaration of a period of
mourning for the whole nation and the
burial ceremonies for the late Chief-
Executive Magsaysay.
exercised the Filipino First Policy
Austerity Program
Acted on the BohlenSerrano
Agreement, which shortened the lease
of the American Bases from 99 years to
25 years and made it renewable after
every five years
At the end of his second term, he ran for
reelection in the Presidential elections
in November 1961, but was defeated by
his Vice-President Diosdado
Macapagal, who belonged to the
opposing Liberal Party
Garcia died from a fatal heart attack
became the first layman to lie in
state in Manila Cathedrala privilege
until then limited to a
deceased Archbishop of Manilaand
the first President to be buried at
the Libingan ng mga Bayani.
THE NATIONALISTIC STATESMAN
Diosdado Pangan
Macapagal
(September 28, 1910 April 21,
1997) was the ninth President
of the Philippines
father of Gloria Macapagal-
Arroyo, who was the fourteenth
President of the Philippines
from 2001 to 2010
graduated from the University
of the
Philippines and University of
Santo Tomas, after which he
worked as a lawyer for the
government.
 introduced the country's
first land reform law, placed
the peso on the free currency
exchange market, and
liberalized foreign exchange
and import controls.
known for shifting the
country's observance of
Independence Day from July 4 to
June 12, commemorating the day
President Emilio Aguinaldo
unilaterally declared the
independence of the First
Philippine Republic from
the Spanish Empire in 1898.
died of heart
failure, pneumonia,
and renal complications, in
1997, at the age of 86
2nd President of the 1971
Philippine Constitutional
Convention
finished his pre-law course at
the University of the
Philippines, then enrolled
at Philippine Law Schoolin
1932, studying on a scholarship
and supporting himself with a
part-time job as an
accountant.[2][5] While in law
school, he gained prominence as
an orator and
debater.[5] However, he was
forced to quit schooling after
two years due to poor health
and a lack of money.
During the Japanese occupation
of the Philippines in World War
II, Macapagal continued working
in Malacaan Palace as an
assistant to President Jos P.
Laurel, while secretly aiding
the anti-Japanese resistance
during the Allied liberation
against the Japanese
married Purita dela Rosa and
they had two children namely
Cielo Macapagal-Salgado
and Arturo Macapagal until
Purita's death
married Dr. Evangelina
Macaraeg, with whom he had two
children, Gloria Macapagal-
Arroyo who became President of
the Philippines and Diosdado
Macapagal, Jr.
promising an end to corruption
and appealing to the electorate
as a common man from humble
beginnings.[2] He defeated the
incumbent president with a 55%
to 45% margin.
promising an end to corruption
and appealing to the electorate
as a common man from humble
beginnings.[2] He defeated the
incumbent president with a 55%
to 45% margin.
Agricultural Land Reform Code
of 1963 (Republic Act No. 3844)
which provided for the purchase
of private farmlands with the
intention of distributing them
in small lots to the landless
tenants on easy term of
payment.[11] It is a major
development in history of land
reform in the Philippines
major campaign pledges had been
to clean out the government
corruption that had
proliferated under former
President Garcia.
campaign against corruption was
tested by Harry Stonehill
North Borneo claim
Maphilindo
Vietnam War
FERDINAND EMMANUEL EDRALIN
MARCOS
CHILDREN
MARIA IMELDA, FERDINAND JR., IRENE &
AIMEE
SPOUSE
IMELDA TRINIDAD ROMUALDEZ
DEATH
SEPTEMBER 28, 1989
HONOLULU, HAWAII
BACHELOR OF LAWS
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (1939)
Stabilized government finances by means
of effective collection of taxes and loans
from foreign banks and governments
Built roads, bridges, schoolhouses and
other structures more than any previous
administration
Financial aid and technical assistance to
farmers
>Land reform
>Construction of irrigation systems
>Miracle Rice
>Green Revolution
Rapid economic development and
progress
Vigorous campaign against smuggling,
kidnapping, drug trafficking and other
crime syndicates
Allowed the Philippines to give military
support to the United States in the
Vietnam War
>Manila Summit
Reelected to a second term in 1969
>His popularity started to decline due to
perceived dishonesty in his campaign,
alleged corruption and
worsening peace situation
Kabataang Makabayan (KM) and National
Union of Students of the Philippines
(NUSP)
>Battle of Mendiola
>First Quarter Storm
>Peoples Congress in Plaza Miranda
>Peoples March
Jabidah Massacre
>Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF)
and New Peoples Army
(NPA)
>Nur Misuari
National Democratic Front
>Communist Party of the Philippines
Plaza Miranda Massacre
Proclamation no. 880 (suspension of the
writ of habeas corpus)
>Oplan Sagittarius
A GOOD PRESIDENT GONE BAD
There are many things we do not want
about the world. Let us not just mourn
them. Let us change them.
ACHIEVEMENTS DURING MARTIAL LAW
Established 37 high schools and
108 college/universities
Completed 20 power plant
Completed 8 bridge projects
- San Juanico Bridge
(Marcos Bridge) longest bridge
 Golden Mosque (Masjid Al-Dahab)
helped us reconcile with our
Muslim brother
Philippine Heart Center, Philippine
Lung Center Philippine Kidney
Center, PICC, Manila Planetarium,
LRT-1,
Prices of basic goods were
affordable and our depreciated
against US dollar.
Our country became 2nd richest
and most literate in asia
Manila Film Center
Constructed in 1982
Opening night was set on January
18, 1982
November 17, 1981 Manila Film
Center Tragedy
ISSUES DURING
MARTIAL LAW
(1972 - 1981)
Violated the provision which
guaranteed the Bill of Rights
(Article III)
Marcos ill-gotten wealth (Crony
capitalism)
The Assassination of Benigno
"Ninoy" Aquino Jr.
becoming a valuable member of
the university's swimming, boxing,
and wrestling teams.
He was also an accomplished and
prolific orator, debater, and writer
for the student newspaper.
He also became a member of the
University of the Philippines ROTC
Unit (UP Vanguard Fraternity).
In 1939 Bar Examinations, he had
a near-perfect score of 98.8%
He graduated cum laude despite
the fact that he was incarcerated
Mara Corazn Cojuangco y
while reviewing.
elected to the Pi Gamma Mu and
the Phi Kappa Phi international
honor societies, the latter giving
him its Most Distinguished
Member Award 37 years later.
He served as a Lieutenant at
Bataan during World War II and
promoted his political career
based on being a war hero.
possessed a phenomenal memory
and exhibited this by memorizing
complicated texts and reciting
them forward and backward, even
such as the 1935 Constitution of
the Philippines.
In 1969, Marcos was reelected for
a second term the first and the
last Filipino president to win a
second full term.
In 1973, Marcos proclaimed a new
constitution that instituted a
parliamentary system.
CHARISMATIC
Sumulong de Aquino
6 th of 8 children
Complications of cancer
Mendiola Massacre
Hacienda Luisita
This stock distribution option ( SDO) is the
root of all the misery and predicament of
the farm workers. This SDO led to the
Hacienda Luisita massacre and the farm
workers already rejected this scheme.
1989 Philippine Coup attempt
November 29, 1989 by members of the
Armed Forces of the Philippines that
belong to the RAM (Reform the Armed
Forces Movement) and loyalist of Marcos.
Led by Col. Gregorio Honasan, Brigader
General Edgardo Abenina and ex-Brigader
General Jose Ma. Zumel Also the VP
Salvador Laurel openly allied himself with
the plotters and called for Aquinos
resignation.
Honasans force attacked Camp
Crame,Camp Aguinaldo, Fort Bonifacio,
Cavite Air Base, Villamor Air Base and the
Malacanang Palace itself, in a coordinated
manner.
Aquino calling for American Air Support
was seen as a sign of weakness
Luis Beltran Scandal
Executive Order No. 209
Political Freedom
Independent Judicial System
Freedom of Expression
International Relations - Five countries in
the region Japan, the Republic of Korea,
Singapore, Australia, and New Zealand
participated in the Multilateral Aid
Initiative/Philippine Assistance Program.
Restoration of Peace and Order
Business Sector Abolishment of Death
Penalty Generic Act
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
Yellow Revolutionist
Fidel Valdez Ramos a.k.a.
FVR, Eddie
-12th president of the Philippines
-Second president of the Fifth
Republic
Spouse
Amelita Jara Martinez
Children
Angelita Ramos, Josephine Ramos,
Carolina Ramos, Cristina Ramos,
Gloria Ramos
Master of Science in Civil
Engineering, University of Illinois
(1951)
Master in National Security
Administration, National Defense
College of the Philippines (1969) ;
Master in Business Administration,
Ateneo de Manila University (1980)
Professional Soldier
Civil Engineer- 8th Place in the Civil
Engineering Board Licensure
Examination (1953)
Served as Secretary of National
Defense (1988-1991)
Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines (1986-1988) with the
rank of General.
Worked under other Administrations
From Marcos to Arroyo
1987 Constitution
Vice-President: Joseph Estrada
Clark Centennial Expo Scandal
President Ramos is known as the
"Centennial" president, having
planned and supervised the 100th
Anniversary of the country's
Declaration of Independence from
Spain on June 12, 1898
PEA-Amari scandal
Charter Change
Power Crisis
President Ramos administration
speeded the implementation of the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Program (CARP) of the former
president Corazon Aquino in order to
meet the ten-year time frame.
Robin Padilla issue
hosted the fourth Asia Pacific
Economic Cooperation Leader's
Summit in the Philippines in 1996.
declared his support for reinstating
the Death Penalty.
founded the Ramos Peace and
Development Foundation, a non-
partisan and non-profit organization
Oldest president
Methodist Christian (non-
catholic)
Has more than 41 years of
military experience
Currently the only man in
Philippine history to have held
every rank in the Philippine
military from Second
Lieutenant to Commander-in-
Chief.
The Revitalizer
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito
Estrada (born Jose Marcelo Ejercito
April 19, 1937
is a Filipino politician who was
the 13th President of the Philippines from
1998 to 2001. He has been Mayor of
the City of Manila, the country's capital,
since 2013
elected President in 1998 with a wide
margin of votes separating him from the
other challengers, and was sworn into
the presidency on June 30, 1998.
allegations of corruption spawned
an impeachment trial in the Senate, and
in 2001 Estrada was ousted by "People
Power 2" after the prosecution walked
out of the impeachment court when the
Senator-Judges voted "no" in the
opening of the second envelope.
was sentenced by the special division of
the Sandiganbayan to reclusin
perpetua for the plunder of stealing $80
million from the government and was
sentenced a lifetime in prison, but was
later granted pardon by President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo. He ran for president
again in the 2010 presidential election,
but placed second behind
Senator Benigno Aquino III
Tondo, Manila, Philippine Commonwealth
Luisa Pimentel
Jinggoy,Jackie, Joseph Victor
adopted the stage name "Joseph
Estrada", as his mother objected to his
chosen career and his decision to quit
schooling
nickname "Erap" (a play on
the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning
'buddy') from his friend, fellow
actor Fernando Poe, Jr..
has nine children from several ERAPtion
extramarital relationship

Estrada was the first president to use a

special name as his official address
name, combining his real family name,
Ejercito, with his screen name, thus
forming "Joseph Ejercito Estrada"

By the end of Estrada's administration,

debt supposedly reached P 2.1 trillion in
1999. Domestic debt supposedly
amounted to P 986.7 billion while foreign
debt stood at US$52.2 billion.

War against the MILF

The 11 senators who voted not to open
the envelope are known as the "Craven
Eleven." That night, anti-Estrada
protesters gathered in front of the EDSA
Shrine at Epifanio de los Santos Avenue,
not too far away from the site of the
1986 People Power Revolution that
overthrew Ferdinand Marcos.

The following day, the Supreme Court

declared that the seat of presidency was
vacant, saying that Estrada had
constructively resigned his post.