METHODOLOGY AND DIDSCTICS II

ESSAY SECTION

Name: Andrea de los ngeles Granda Campoverde

A. Write 20 different questions focused on the comprehension of a text. (2 p)

- Activity: Read the article about Isaac Newton biography. Then answer the
following questions:
ISAAC NEWTON

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 20 March 1727 by the Julian calendar in use in
England at the time; or 4 January 1643 31 March 1727 by the Gregorian calendar) was
an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and alchemist; who
wrote the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (published 5 July 1687), where
he described universal gravitation and, via his laws of motion, laid the groundwork for
classical mechanics. Newton also shares credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for the
development of differential calculus. However, their work was not a collaboration; they
both discovered calculus separately but nearly contemporaneously.
Newton was the first to promulgate a set of natural laws that could govern both terrestrial
(earthly) motion and celestial motion. He is associated with the scientific revolution and
the advancement of heliocentrism. Newton is also credited with providing mathematical
substantiation for Kepler's laws of planetary motion. He would expand these laws by
arguing that orbits (such as those of comets) were not only elliptic; but could also be
hyperbolic and parabolic.
He is also notable for his arguments that light was composed of particles. He was the
first to realize that the spectrum of colors observed when white light was passed through
a prism was inherent in the white light, and not added by the prism as Roger Bacon had
claimed in the 13th century.
Newton also developed Newton's law of cooling, describing the rate of cooling of
objects when exposed to air; the binomial theorem in its entirety; and the principles of
conservation of momentum and angular momentum. Finally, he studied the speed of
sound in air, and voiced a theory of the origin of stars.

[1] Article 1
 Pronominal questions.
- Who was Isaac Newton?
- When did he born?
- What did he write?
- What did he share with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz?
- Who was the first to promulgate a set of natural laws?

Yes/no questions
- Did Newton promulgate a set of natural laws that could govern both terrestrial
and celestial motion?
- Was he associate with the scientific revolution and the advancement of
heliocentrism?
- Was light compose of atoms?
- Was Roger Bacon the first to realize that white light was passed through a
prism?
- Did Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz develop the law of cooling?

True/false sentences
- Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and
alchemist. ( )
- The Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica was published on 5 July 1683.( )
- Newton and Bacon promulgate a set of natural laws that could govern both
terrestrial and celestial motion ( )
- Kepler is credited with providing mathematical substantiation for Newton's laws of
planetary motion. ( )
- Newton worked together with Leibniz to discover differential calculus ( )

Sentence completion
- ___________ was the first to promulgate a set of natural laws.
- Newton studied the speed of ______ in air, and _______a theory of the origin of stars.
- Newton and _________ discovered calculus separately but nearly
contemporaneously.
- Newton is associated with the ________ revolution and the __________ of
heliocentrism.
- Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica was published on 5 July _________

B. Design four different activities that help students increase their oral reading speed. (2p)
Strategy: To complete this activity you need to carefully read the information in chapter
number 5 of your textbook. This chapter provides examples of activities that can be used
with the purpose of helping students to increase their oral reading speed, so please consider
them to design your own activities.

IMPORTANT: To design your activities you will have to select a reading article, so please
select the most appropriate one.
 ACTIVITIES THAT HELP STUDENTS INCREASE THEIR ORAL READING SPEED

[2] Article 2

This reading is using for all the activities below:

Activity 1:
First of all, the teacher has to give some sheets of papers with the reading: How to pass! Top from
our student. This article is about some tips that the students can use in their schools. After they
read the sentence alone. They have to read aloud the sentence again to a partner that they choose.
Finally they have to identify the phrasal verbs on this page. And as homework they have to find
the meaning of each word. The next class they have 5 minutes to share the meaning aloud with
the same partner.

Activity 2:
This activity will have a period of several classes. It is suitable work with small groups for
students. After the teacher read aloud to all the class the reading. Each student has to read the
passage aloud, while the teacher is using a stopwatch for a specific amount of time. It could be
one minute. As teachers, we can also use an audiotape recording of the students reading. As the
student is reading, the teacher has to mark all of the words read incorrectly. If the student gets
stuck on a word we give them the word after 5 seconds. When the time is up the teacher marks
where they stopped. Both review the miscues, using the audiotape or discussion and counts the
number of words that the student reads correctly. This number is the goal to beat on the next
reading. This activity has to be repeated several sessions to get the student to read in a proper way
the words that were wrong.
Activity 3:
In this activity we will use some flash cards in this way. First of all Each student read the passage
and circle the words that they dont understand. After that with his or her partner read again aloud
taking turns reading and being the listener. After that in the flash cards the student will write all
the words that they dont know the meaning. Then, teacher choose one student to be the listener
and one student to be the reader. This kind of material is called Reading Fluency Flash Cards.
Now the reader student place all of the cards they are able to read in a pile on the Words I Can
Read and all of the words they are not able to read in a pile on the Words I Need to Practice.
The student who is listening is responsible for timing and helping the reader. At the end of the
minute, they have to count the cards and graph the number of Words I Can Read on the Words
per Minute. This activity has to be repeated 2 or 4 times and the teacher has to reverse the roles
of the students.

Activity 4:
In this activity we can choose the same passage or another. First of all, the teacher has to provide
each student a copy of the text so they may follow along. We also can use technology. If students
has smartphones we can send them the document or also work with a projector with the text on
the screen. After that the teacher reads the passage aloud and model fluent reading for the students.
Finally the teacher ask the students to use a marker or finger to follow along with the text as they
read. The teacher reread the passage and have all students in the group read the passage aloud in
unison. At the end of the reading they have to circle the words that they have problems to
pronounce in order to improve in the house.

Bibliography:
- Nation, I.S.P (2009). Teaching ESL/EFL reading and writing. New York; Routledge

[1] Isaac Newton. (2017, May 16). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Newton&oldid=780641769
[2] Seligson, P. (2013). English ID 2. Richmond Publishing
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