sns-I

S'QMphVlj Qnd-JJtSC'/Ip+1Ve S+a1t~t'Cs

~t~hlh,~,~flu. $C10'lle. t>f (t>J( ec +",

DfJaY\.I~(njI and. O'fla{y~ Irl<j data .ftJf
th~ PWPO~l of pshmat ItJVI oYid
iY\Qk",'j Infe(ft'lce~.

IJ~a.:L~a{V\ ab6Ur a p&pulQt/twl

BOtllL

b~ s+udfy"'<3 a srroll c;;ubs~i' trf

+he pop" Ioh01l ·
(LtO'fflmtl'm~ +0 tsftJVIQte Of' rntef
sOM.tH\lnj oboof fht.. POpvlat!c9Y1)
Two MOlOY B(Qnch~ S
rI ~t()~,stIC~:
i) lJt~, 'pt,ve ~tQ+'5tf(:S

\ht ,roplucGl d.\pl0'ls and

OOft\e.r Ie. ~umMaf, Jot lOY»S

+0 ft.pfeStnt data.
2) T1lfere"t'QI S'ta-t.\f,(s
U~ Q G"'·hc mtf~otls (And
1'h@or'l 01 p1'oboh. 'tv to
clrQw (oY\,lu\,ot\s Or

fill k e de. c.. ~, ens

OhtO\\1,n, DotQ:
RQndolV\ o~ h~

PopuIQtltl"" Th. f"t,r~

c.o" •. t,fly\ of obJt(t~ of pfoplt
t~t Of\4! d..'!a'1f~ to ~tu4YI
U)UGIl" to W\9k, en ,,,f, ttNe
obout "''', populatIon, 0' to
Q-;~nV\att0 pop\llot,on pO(,metf1

5o",p'e. - (J ~b~t ot ~e
po~"\Qtlo n.
Two -h,~(l~e.f populaf'Orls ~
I) gtQl pop_"lcd JOY) - consists of
a fmlte. nornbftr of m(lrnb~f.s
(QeJoCAI Ob~lds) troYn which datQ
ean bQ (fJ 1Ie tt e.el.
};X~ Pop. of all collt~t sfud'f\ls
rn U'.S,
Pop. ot all IQ~Q {Jy ,(t~ IS te red
auto Y'f\o b, ItS
2) Co1\le.~tu~1population: Q/JCf'sts
onl~ Q Q. concept J and eon bt.
+hou~ht ot as hQvrn~ 0" mfu·ute
nOIV\\)Qr ef rtl<lMh rs.

EX ~ Tosse~of Q fa,\" 'Ol'r}

 A pop\lIQh~ IS A collecftm of obJec.ts
~V' ~+(omes obou+ IAIhlth wt WOVIt

fa I.~G,n.
A ~W\p'~ I~ Q 50bstt ef fh(l.
po~o\Q+(IDYl.

A ~~t fQndc»n ~~P1p'e ~l~,t( n I~

a so~plt thOJtfl m svc,h Q WQ~ t~t
tOt~ S\lh~1.+ of SI1e n fro ••.•fhf poplJloftcJlI

I~ ~UQf(y hkd~ +0 ~OfV'rnn fhe SQPtplt.

~)(I. P.p:: Cuffe,,+ wv(,{ sfudQnh

So"'P'(. '= S'uh~t (f. 9. ZOO) ClIf(tp t
Lovl{ sf(}JcYl~s

Cfh,s IS Q real po~u/qflon.)

I:'X~ P~pulQt,cffl = an pO$s,h Ie. tJUt cOlke s of
~~~ a faIt' Cf),V\ on ,VIf'lllte.
nu~btr .f flMt~
S~pl~ = foss #at COin 3() f,rwtts
(1lus IS a COfItep+ua( popu lahn.)

A COYl\}en,tYlCe SOtrlpk.. ,~ oL rOlYlf~

~ SoMe.. tn-A'hol other fhOF\ A
10«,11- d!~I"el rAnd"., methDd.
t'x~ Popu\Of.cM ~ An l{·m.rt ~hopP'rs
SQlllplt: lht ntx+ so shoppers fhctt
a..i+ -I-ht fY1o(~D"+DWn. ((-may'"
~Mr"Vl~VlArrat,e'YI" dl fftrtVlf "'tm~
~~p'(S lQY\ pfochte.. drfftrett+ (t. ~uHs.

1\e, .hms (ob1tfVQ+'~Q' eJ'IIts) .~ Q

~Wlpl( ~1t ,~e.J\dttnt ,f ~t1ow,YIj

t~(val",~ .f Oftt ,h.M ""U ftP'" pfov1d(

1~{oY'tV\QtIt9n ob 011+ +ht "ollJe\ 6f +II e.
ofhtr .ttMS.

Tfftv\ lS IV\ fA SUWlpit fO.,Jt1WI sqMple. rnfAAj

bt. treattll as frJtptnclartf ~o IOVlj QS

J

the sru of fhe so~plt. IS IlSS fh Q1l

519ft) .{ "'he Site. C9 f -lite.. poplllat IO'YJ.
 SDS-,?

D~~tf ~~p"~Mt-l·hf>d5
$t-f~~,fluAe~dBW\ ~~pll'- IhtL
popu\ahcm rs J.,v 1C1tJ. ,rato ~ub -pop"Jof/ObS}
coned sfy.to, and Q Slfftplt '(fJ'tIdt/Wl
~plfl. I~ ~tlt{t(d.(f.0Wl fQch s-/(fAfuWl.
qu~t({ ~ph~· l~eM~ao(( sdt(t(~
ftem tht populahcm 'f' ~fOupS) 01'

(i)ust efS .

A 'lot ,able.
~ ,
" a ChofOc.fef,sbc. IA>~~(..
volur. IS ob~Y"td .for eoeh otllt
iVl fh.t ~Cl..,ple.
~h~ .. Q1t '/al,,(s w\uth QYf~~ {(.w\
ObSlf\lmS 0. c~oc. tetl1~ll.." tA'J ~ht \lalrItI
o{ (l vOYIQble
 1'1p~~ of ~ATA
VO'fIQbl~~ eOrl bQ. eIQ~slf,ed ,.,1--0
one of ~wo ~pe!.:
I) N uwnt'fl c.

NUM~f'l. ~ofl()b~e!. oYe VOflQb/es

who~t '1oha ~ rtpft~fn+ <t.\I.nt,t,~\.

NUMtrlc.. VOY"lablts m~ be. fvrth'r

t\ Q S S If. e d.. 0s d IS CY •• t e. 0r

('on~\Y\U OU\ .
b\~c.tttt nUMtY'lc. VorIO~'ts
\lsuall'f QVISt b" tOUf\+I~~.

Co1\.~\Y\oou~ nUMet Ie. VOY'I Q bIt s

""~ ItO ll\{ ov rs e. b y m f Q sv r I t\~ •

"l'no.,r 'JolUt~ form Q. rQn~t

Of \W\teY'Vtl' of pos3.blt volt/'s.

E~~\)\~(ttJe.:
NUMhef of ('o1S I~ porkl"~ 'ot
C10d ,t Hout s
Numher ~f boOks VDU own
), EX~ Con\\V\uous
"e.\~nt of 0. persOY\.
A~ouY\.t tJf + 1M4. sptnt sfud~1"'-'
\}Jt.,~ht of ov\ opplt.

n: \~+hQ. vO'("lable. II A,t ••

discrete! or l&nt InVDUS 1

CQtQ.~~'(' tQ,l VQV', able S Q \" e.

'lQr,o.h\a.~ whose values ore.

EX~ b@V\de.,
C\QSS Ronk
E\ootl l'ipe.
Sto.t~,I Cour~e b rQ.d.e..
IF tho. poss .blt. vQlue\ Dr G.

e(}t @~Ol"\ tal "QY' I (l b Ie.. POS~fSS fA

••nCl\urCl\ II orrJenn~, fht 'lor IQble.

I~ CQll,fl a fOVlk(td. ~r
f)fcl(!~tcl vorlQb It .
-
l [x~ ~ptetl.{ (OfS OVI

I~ 2. , '3 11 23

Zf. 1<' ~I 22 1'4

-=t' .\ Oft out he.r

No+o.t,<>Yl
'X (fr{ ~ Copltt.t \ bY\~\~h kH~y)
Ie; (1 fOY\cJ.. v'o'f'Qbk I

lJ.kn UJt .\-h\V\k. o{ Hlt \om~'e. cJa+Q

btroYt (o\le(:hv\9 f-ht. rktQl f,Uf ftPflSCVl+

I~as XIJX~)"")(" (apl~' XiS)

1ht ottuo.\ Va("e~ of fit. SOWlp k clot.

IS ffrftStY\h~cL as ~,'f~) ~J •...
t
'I.,.
(I0Wt-r ca~e. · )dhfS)
n f) SI)5-/5
t'o~ulQ.t,en tOfQMe.tef· 0. nu~b(('
that d.tSt11otS someehofQcterlst,e,
of 0 popJlcrhtm 1 t-,., IJ.. the.
fhtOft.trc.QI mean of fhe. populQttoYl
t:x~ IY\QoY\ Q~e. of +ht populQt 10.., of
(0 IIt,e. sfultn+-s
£)(~ MfG"
'1eil,,! 9f (I" lY'\+lyute. nUMIM,...
o~ fo~stS of Q .fQ1Y fD .•• srdtd die.
S~pl(,C;;+Q+I~hc..•. a nUMbe" #lot
~QS({lbtS some characteYlst/c of Q

sQ"'ple., ) t. q., Y +htl rNQn o~

the. SGYnp\e..
EX~ MQQf\ ~@.of (J. (,(ordom) Slimp Ie
~\ rooo {oil q~ t stud.Q.nfs
,x~MtGW\vcdue of 500 +OSSlS 19f
o tQIY slx"'~lded die
In ord.fl'f to &raw concluSIOYlS
about (). population) d'f to estIMote
a pOpVlo.+,OVl ptlfometer J tOe nt~
Q. 'SQmp(~ thl+ '5 ((lpt'tStntatlVl.
ot +h<L population.
~~t1\ t· u'1h we do nt>t hQK
IY\foY'YY\.Qt Ion (About +he en tn"~

pop-, the ciQto. con.fCJlrttot

In +htl SGWlplc. r(J, be. UStd

to MQkt ,nfa.rtnc s a.bo~t

the. e.n tn"eo. pop,
t)(~Wt eon u~e. +he sorrtpl( ""on X
(tQkv\ated from +he randoM sample
0\ 1000 cone" sfuden+S)to
l~tnY\Qte~hQ. (unknoorn) VillI/eo
ot thQ. mflQn ~ e IJ..for thct
tt\tlft pepulQ+ 'on of co " fCj£.
s+olknh.